Oleksandr Odrin | National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (original) (raw)

Uploads

Books by Oleksandr Odrin

SUMMARY The monograph is devoted to researching ecological economics of the an- cient states in t... more SUMMARY
The monograph is devoted to researching ecological economics of the an-
cient states in the Northern Black Sea Littoral. By ecological economics the au-
thor understands interaction between social and natural systems, i.e. human
society and its natural environment. In our case, the ancient states located on the
Black Sea Littoral functioned within the framework of the natural environment
of the regions, where they were located.
The first section deals with the resource base of the economy of the ancient
states on the Black Sea Littoral, and suggests analysis of the actual and probable
influence of the environment on the economy of the Greek settlings.
The second part discusses both direct and indirect influence of the Greek set-
tlers, on one of the key elements of the Black Sea Littoral landscape – the soils.
The main objective was detailed analysis of the natural resources of the re-
gions, which housed Greek apoikias in order to assess the potential of their
economies. This allowed:
1. to point out significant differences between the resource potential of dif-
ferent regions on the Black Sea Littoral.
2. to demonstrate that none of the examined regions, including the Kerch-
Taman region, benefited from favorable conditions that would have facilitated
development of export-oriented grain production. Export of grain from the terri-
tory of the Bosporus territories could only be associated with the Kuban valley
lands.
3. to prove that in all the above areas, except for Western Crimea, livestock
resources were of better quality than the crops. This point is specifically true for
the ancient polis-states on the Northwestern Black Sea littoral (Olbia, Tyras,
Nikonion) where natural resources were quite favorable for the development of
intensive livestock production.
4. to acknowledge that all regions except South Eastern Crimea had sufficient
basis for the development of export-oriented fishery at their disposal.
5. to assume potential for export of certain products of hunting and gathering,
such as valuable furs, castoreum and vulnerary plants.
Accordingly, the ratio of different types of natural resources predestined
mainly agricultural (to be precise, agrarian and fishing) economy character of the
ancient states of the Northern Black Sea Littoral.

Papers by Oleksandr Odrin

Ukraïnsʹkij ìstoričnij žurnal/Ukraïnsʹkij ìstoričnij žurnal, Jun 21, 2024

Ukraïnsʹkij ìstoričnij žurnal

Eminak

For a long time, Soviet and post-Soviet historiography tended to consider the ancient states of t... more For a long time, Soviet and post-Soviet historiography tended to consider the ancient states of the Northern Black Sea region to some extent separately from the rest of the Greek world and ignore the theoretical achievements of British and American historiography of antiquity, specifically, in various areas of the ancient Greek economy. Meanwhile, the use of the findings of European and American scholars looks rather promising as a result of created innovative concepts and the involvement of a range of various written, epigraphic, and archaeological sources concerning the whole Greek world, and not just one of its parts. It is the subject to the agrarian history of ancient Greece as well. In recent decades, the ideas of scholars who prefer to consider ancient Greek agriculture not as static but as a dynamic system open to innovations have become more common. Progressive changes included 1) improving crop rotations; 2) cooperation between crop cultivation and animal husbandry, and 3)...

Ukraïnsʹkij ìstoričnij žurnal

Стаття присвячена розгляду низки питань соціальної структури Ольвійського полісу. Першим із них є... more Стаття присвячена розгляду низки питань соціальної структури Ольвійського полісу. Першим із них є ступінь соціального розшарування в Ольвії, починаючи з кінця VI – початку V ст. до н.е. Другим питанням є проблема економічної бази, на якій будувала свій вплив ольвійська аристократія. Аналізується її торгівельна діяльність і землеволодіння. Окремим аспектом соціальної історії Ольвії є поширення рабовласницьких відносин. Епіграфічні пам’ятки демонструють залучення рабської праці у різні сфери життя полісу. Фіксується також вивіз рабів на зовнішні ринки.

Eminak

Стаття присвячена аналізу джерельної бази й історіографії історії рабовласницьких відносин в Ольв... more Стаття присвячена аналізу джерельної бази й історіографії історії рабовласницьких відносин в Ольвії Понтійській. Дослідження рабовласництва в Ольвійському полісі довго гальмувалися через обмеженість джерельної бази. В останні десятиліття до наукового обігу було введено нові джерела, інформація яких дає змогу суттєво інтенсифікувати вивчення соціальної історії Ольвії, зокрема і рабовласницьких відносин. У статті аналізуються дані епіграфічних і писемних джерел та окреслюються напрямки подальших досліджень, які мають базуватися на комплексному вивченні епіграфічних та археологічних джерел із врахуванням теоретичних напрацювань сучасної історіографії.

Eminak

The thesis deals with multidimensional and complex research of resource potential and structure o... more The thesis deals with multidimensional and complex research of resource potential and structure of economic activity of the ancient states of the Northern Coast of the Black Sea region. The detailed analysis of geographical environment of these states is conducted and resource potential of their economy is defined. The structures of economic activity of the ancient states of the Northern Coast of the Black Sea region are also investigated and the comparative analysis of these structures is conducted.
For the first time in historiography the system analysis of both the whole complex of history and archaeological sources and information on complex of natural and agronomical sciences (soil science, paleobotany, geobotany, paleozoology, ichthyology, cultivation of meadows, ecology of plants etc.) is presented. Thus it enabled to explore not only known, but also potentially possible brunches of economy of all main ancient states of the Northern Coast of the Black Sea region. That resulted in revision of traditional views on the structure of economy of the ancient states of the Northern Coast of the Black Sea region. The main results of research are as follows:
The assertion that the grain farming oriented on the export as the basis of economy of ancient polises of North-western Coast of the Black Sea (Olbia, Tyras, Nikonium) is reconsidered. It is shown, that the natural resources of this region were more favourable for development of the cattle breeding. This conclusion was fully confirmed by the analysis of archaeological, historical and arheobotanical data, which suggest the export nature of this industry.
The idea of the export nature of the grain farming of Chersonesus is refuted. It is shown, that the land resources of Western Crimea were not favorable for production of export bread grains.
The idea that the Kerch-Taman region was the granary of the Bosporus state is revised. The analysis of the land resources of this region showed the possibility for production of considerable volume of grain for the export was minimal. Consequently, the exported Bosporian grain had to be supplied from other districts of the state, probably – from the valley of the Kuban.
The considerable role of fishing in the economy of all ancient states of the Northern Coast of the Black Sea region is shown. Its export character in all of the ancient states of the Northern Coast of the Black Sea region is proved, and not only in Chersonesus and Bosporus, as was thought before. Beginning of fish export from these states is referred to the V cent. B.C. and not to the Roman times as it was thought earlier.
The comparative analysis of structures of economy of the ancient states of the Northern Coast of the Black Sea region showed considerable distinctions between them. Obviously, the Greek settlers used different models of ecological adaptation in different regions.
The agrarian components of economy of the ancient states of the Northern Coast of the Black Sea region had some principal structural distinctions. So, agriculture of polises of North-western coast of the Black Sea region had a well-defined mixed cattle-breeding-agricultural character, while in Chersonesus it was agricultural. The level of agrarian specialization in Olbia, Tyras fnd Nikonium was not very high. While in Chersonesus this level was very high. The structure of agriculture of the Bosporian state in the Kerch-Taman region was more complicated. It included the elements of both above-mentioned structures.
Taking into consideration everything mentioned above it seems rather doubtful that the colonization activity of Greeks in the Northern Coast of the Black Sea region resulted only from the search of fertile earths. Obviously, the process was far more complicated, and an agrarian component was only one of the elements, more or less important for every concrete situation.
The export goods supplied from the regions under consideration to other Greek polices, also included the products of the cattle breeding (Lower Dniester region, Lower Dnieper region, Kerch-Taman region), fishing (all regions) and, to a less extent, hunting (furs, castoreum) and gathering (medical plants).

Ukraïnsʹkij ìstoričnij žurnal/Ukraïnsʹkij ìstoričnij žurnal, Jun 21, 2024

Ukraïnsʹkij ìstoričnij žurnal

Eminak

Ukraïnsʹkij ìstoričnij žurnal

Eminak

The Collection includes Ukrainian translations of English, Spanish, German, Polish, French and Ja... more The Collection includes Ukrainian translations of English, Spanish, German, Polish, French and Japanese fiction and poetry. The Collection is intended for a wide circle of the theory and practice of translation admirers.