Efren Delgado | New Mexico State University (original) (raw)

Papers by Efren Delgado

Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, Nov 5, 2021

Springer eBooks, 2001

The objective of our investigation was to analyse the effects of different environmental conditio... more The objective of our investigation was to analyse the effects of different environmental conditions on the starch quality of potato tubers. Two Polish and two German potato varieties were grown in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Goettingen, Germany in 1999. Yield, starch content, freeze thaw stability of starch and the granules size of isolated starch were analysed. Location affected yield, starch content, granule size and freeze-thaw stability of starch gels, which may lead to different industrial uses.

IntechOpen eBooks, Aug 8, 2022

Bismuth is one of the most difficult impurities to remove in mining concentrates and low concentr... more Bismuth is one of the most difficult impurities to remove in mining concentrates and low concentrations generate problems in silver and copper refineries. Therefore, financial penalties are established when concentrations exceed 0.05%. Some researchers had used arsenic to remove bismuth with results of up to 52% of extraction. Unfortunately, this mechanism is not yet fully understood. The objective of this research was to obtain the solubility parameters of amorphous mineral compounds, including bismuth-based compounds, through computational simulation using molecular dynamics. The composition of the mineral sample was determined by X-ray diffraction and the crystalline species were obtained and modeled using Materials Studio software. The nanostructures were optimized by an energy minimization methodology using the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno algorithm and were validated using the figure of merit equation and density. Simulations were performed using the Universal Force Field at constant pressure and temperature. The results of the minerals identified in the sample were compared with arsenic trioxide, indicating miscibility between As 2 O 3 and Bi 2 O 3 , possible miscibility with 10 other minerals, and immiscibility with the rest. The results indicate that As 2 O 3 can be successfully used for the removal of Bi 2 O 3 without a negative effect on the recovery of other minerals of higher commercial value.

The aim of this study was to compare the homogenization and visual methods that are used to deter... more The aim of this study was to compare the homogenization and visual methods that are used to determine the discoloration potential of potato tubers. Two German cnitivars, Agria and Satina, and two Polish cultivars, Lena and Mors, were planted during 1998 and 1999 in Goettingen, Germany, and in Bydgoszcz, Poland. The discoloration potential of the tubers was measured after harvesting and after 6 months of storage at 4 C and 8 C. Both methods correlated significantly at harvest (0.709, P < 0.001). After storage the correlation was significant but low (r = 0.403, P < 0.001) probably because of physical changes in the tuber during storage. The visual method can be used as a fast method, especially at harvest. However, the homogenization and visual methods determine, to a certain degree, different tuber properties leading to the discoloration potential. Therefore, a complete comparison is not possible. The methods studied in this paper can complement but not substitute each other. Reliable comparisons between institutes require use of the same method to determine the discoloration potential of the

Ecosistemas y recursos agropecuarios, Dec 1, 2015

−1) and relative value calculated by Petersens Method increased (96.7 to 115.3 %). Depending on c... more −1) and relative value calculated by Petersens Method increased (96.7 to 115.3 %). Depending on costs and availability, apples and molasses can be used to improve the quality and cost of corn silage.

Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios, Jul 6, 2015

DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 2013

Degradabilidad ruminal in situ y digestibilidad in vitro de diferentes formulaciones de ensilados... more Degradabilidad ruminal in situ y digestibilidad in vitro de diferentes formulaciones de ensilados de maíz-manzana adicionados con melaza In situ ruminal degradability and in vitro digestibility of silages of maize and apple waste added with molasses

Cyta-journal of Food, Feb 17, 2016

Physicochemical and structural analyses were done of extruded snacks produced with two types of b... more Physicochemical and structural analyses were done of extruded snacks produced with two types of blue corn (hard and soft endosperm) combined with orange bagasse. Chemical composition, expansion index (EI), penetration force, water absorption index, and water solubility index values were calculated for all treatments. They were also analyzed with scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Addition of bagasse increased crude fiber content and hardness in the extrudates. It also lowered the EI, resulting in harder products with higher numbers of pores per area but of smaller sizes than in the extrudates without bagasse. Both the X-ray diffraction patterns and infrared spectra showed the starch to lose its semicrystalline structure due to mechanical shearing and high temperature. Orange bagasse was successfully incorporated into extrudated snacks made with blue corn of different endosperm hardnesses. Blue corn is a viable base for extruded snacks, and orange bagasse is a potential source of low cost, natural source fiber.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Jul 1, 2004

The bioactivity of Israeli Jaffa blond (Shamouti) fresh orange and Israeli Jaffa red Star Ruby (S... more The bioactivity of Israeli Jaffa blond (Shamouti) fresh orange and Israeli Jaffa red Star Ruby (Sunrise) grapefruit juices was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The contents of bioactive compounds of these juices were determined. The influence of bioactive compounds on plasma lipids and plasma antioxidant activity in rats fed cholesterol-containing and cholesterol-free diets was assessed. Significant differences in the contents of dietary fibers were not found. The contents of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins in fresh orange and grapefruit juices were 962.

Archives of nanomedicine, Jul 3, 2018

Glandless cotton seed meal (GCSM) extracted from cotton is composed of nearly 50 percent protein.... more Glandless cotton seed meal (GCSM) extracted from cotton is composed of nearly 50 percent protein. For about every 100kg of cotton fiber produced the cotton plant yields approximately 160kg of cottonseed. GCSM presents a unique opportunity to be used in the food industry. In this study, GCSM based polymer composite edible fine fibers were successfully produced using pullulan as the polymeric base. GCSM solutions were developed and spun as fine fibers using a centrifugal spinning technology. A synergistic approach among fiber output and fiber diameter was pursued by modifying angular velocity and concentration of pullulan and GCSM within an aqueous solution. The developed fibers show average fiber diameters of 720nm with a standard deviation of 200nm. Thermo-physical analysis was conducted. The opportunity to develop GCSM fine fiber mats opens up potential applications in food packaging and drug delivery systems to mention some.

Cyta-journal of Food, 2018

The mixtures of blue cornmeal and orange bagasse were processed in a single screw laboratory extr... more The mixtures of blue cornmeal and orange bagasse were processed in a single screw laboratory extruder. We used an experimental design, central composite rotatable, where the factors were as follows: extruder die temperature (153-187°C), feed moisture (146.4-213.6 g/kg), and orange bagasse concentration (32.7-167.3 g/kg). The results were analyzed by surface methodology response to evaluate the effect of these variables on the expansion index, bulk density, penetration force, specific mechanical energy, water absorption, and water solubility index. All independent variables had an effect on the evaluated responses (p ≤ 0.05). The highest expansion index was obtained at a feed moisture content of 146.4 g/kg, orange bagasse (100 g/kg), and 170°C at the exit die. The use of blue maize and orange bagasse can be an alternative to increase the added value of these two raw materials, and to improve the nutritional quality of extruded products ready to eat.

Applied Sciences

The supply chain has been significantly impacted recently, and as a result the handling of produc... more The supply chain has been significantly impacted recently, and as a result the handling of products at the delivery and supply stage is of great importance. Currently, the agronomic industry is one of the most studied, but the reliability of harvests is not usually evaluated. This study uses a novel reliability analysis with an accelerated life test to expose the European cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) to accelerated temperature and humidity conditions. The objective is to observe the effect of both factors on the deterioration of the product. The analysis includes a degradation analysis to determine the significant factors causing degradation, followed by an accelerated life test (ALT) to determine the product’s shelf life. Finally, through the development of a reliability model, storage times for cucumbers under normal storage conditions are predicted.

HortScience

Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is also called Chinese date. There are ∼100 jujube cultivars with ... more Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is also called Chinese date. There are ∼100 jujube cultivars with limited commercial availability, and the majority of them have scant details in the United States. In this study, nutrient dynamics during fruit maturation of different jujube cultivars grown at Las Cruces, Los Lunas, and Alcalde, NM, were examined in 2018 and 2019. Cultivars varied by location and year, and included ‘Li’, ‘Lang’, ‘Sugarcane’, ‘September Late’, and ‘Sherwood’. Parameters tested were total phenolic content (TPC), proanthocyanidins (PAs), vitamin C, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and antioxidant capacity: 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP). Moisture, TPC, PAs, FRAP, and vitamin C content decreased with fruit maturity; however, the latter stage of fruit maturity showed an increase in cAMP. Compared with fruit at full-red maturity, creamy fruit had TPC, PA, FRAP, and vitamin C concentrations that we...

International Journal of Food Science

There is little information on the milk coagulation process by plant proteases combined with chym... more There is little information on the milk coagulation process by plant proteases combined with chymosins. This work is aimed at studying the capability of protease enclosed in the ripe fruits of Solanum elaeagnifolium (commonly named trompillo) to form milk gels by itself and in combination with chymosin. For this purpose, proteases were partially purified from trompillo fruits. These proteases had a molecular weight of ~60 kDa, and results suggest cucumisin-like serine proteases, though further studies are needed to confirm this observation. Unlike chymosins, trompillo proteases had high proteolytic activity ( PA = 50.23 U Tyr mg protei n − 1 ) and low milk-clotting activity ( MCA = 3658.86 SU m L − 1 ). Consequently, the ratio of MCA/PA was lower in trompillo proteases (6.83) than in chymosins (187 to 223). Our result also showed that milk gels formed with trompillo proteases were softer (7.03 mPa s) and had a higher release of whey (31.08%) than the milk gels clotted with...

Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology

Technology Inside by CPIC, 2019

La segmentación automática de imágenes dermatoscópicas, es un proceso fundamental en el desarroll... more La segmentación automática de imágenes dermatoscópicas, es un proceso fundamental en el desarrollo de sistemas de diagnóstico asistido por ordenador en la clasificación de diversos cánceres de piel. Las redes neuronales convolucionales son muy efectivas en la segmentación de imágenes relacionadas a enfermedades de la piel, aunque no siempre generan segmentaciones con el nivel de detalle requerido en el campo médico. En este documento se presentará un diseño para el modelado de campos aleatorios condicionales, que pueda contribuir en el mejoramiento del nivel de detalle en las segmentaciones con redes neuronales en datos dermatoscópicos en cáncer de piel.

This study aimed to analyze the calorimetric, rheological, and structural characteristics of an e... more This study aimed to analyze the calorimetric, rheological, and structural characteristics of an extruded shrimp feed mainly made out of glandless cottonseed meal as protein source and nixtamalized maize a binder to understand its behavior under extrusion processing conditions to ensure proper structure and water stability. An optimal extruded shrimp diet was formulated using 44% of glandless cottonseed meal as the main protein source. Extruded shrimp diet showed the following composition: dry matter: 95.1%, total digestible nutrients: 81.0%, crude protein: 50.5%, crude fat: 8.8%, ash: 8.9%, digestible energy: 4.0 Mcal/kg, and metabolizable energy: 3.6 Mcal/kg. The rheological analyzes showed an increase in the viscosity of non-extruded optimal shrimp feed and a decrease in the viscosity of extruded optimal shrimp feed. Scanning electron microscopy showed that starch granules were present in the optimal treatment before and after extrusion processing. Different geometries can be appr...

Nutrition Research, 2003

The effect of olive oils on lipid metabolism and antioxidant activity was investigated on 60 male... more The effect of olive oils on lipid metabolism and antioxidant activity was investigated on 60 male Wistar rats adapted to cholesterol-free or 1% cholesterol diets. The rats were divided into six diet groups of 10. The control group (control) consumed the basal diet (BD) only, which contained wheat starch, casein, cellulose, and mineral and vitamin mixtures. To the BD were added 10 g/100 g virgin (virg group) or Lampante (Lamp group) oils, 1 g/100 g cholesterol (chol group), or both (chol/virg group) and (chol/Lamp group). The experiment lasted 4 weeks. Plasma total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), total phospholipids (TPH), HDL-phospholipids (HDL-PH), total radical-trapping antioxidative potential (TRAP), malondialdehyde lipid peroxidation (MDA), and liver TC were measured. Groups did not differ before the experiment. In the chol/virg and chol/Lamp vs chol group, the oil-supplemented diets significantly (P < 0.05) lessened the increase in plasma lipids due to dietary cholesterol as follows: TC (25.1 and 23.6%), LDL-C (39.3 and 34.7%), TG (19.3 and 17.0%), and TC in liver (36.0 and 35.1%) for the chol/virg and chol/Lamp group, respectively. The chol/virg and chol/Lamp diets significantly decreased the levels of TPH (24.7 and 21.2%; p < 0.05 in both cases) and HDL-PH (22.9 and 18.0%; p < 0.05 in both cases) for the chol/ virg and chol/Lamp group, respectively. Virgin and Lampante oils in rats fed basal diet without cholesterol did not affect the lipid variables measured. Virgin, and to a lesser degree Lampante, oils have increased the plasma antioxidant activity in rats fed BD without cholesterol (an increase in TRAP, 20.6 and 18.5%; and a decrease in MDA, 23.2 and 11.3%, respectively). In the rats of chol/ virg and chol/Lamp vs Chol diet groups the added oils significantly hindered the decrease in the plasma antioxidant activity (TRAP, 21.2 and 16.7%; and MDA, 27.0 and 22.3%, respectively). These results demonstrate that virgin, and to less degree Lampante, oils possess hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties. It is more evident when these oils are added to the diets of rats fed cholesterol. These positive properties are attributed mostly to the phenolic compounds of the studied oils.

Journal of Environmental Management, 2008

Heap leaching is an effective and widely used method of recovering metals from low-grade ores. Ho... more Heap leaching is an effective and widely used method of recovering metals from low-grade ores. However, the heap leaching technique has not yet been used in other biotechnological processes such as bioremediation. This work describes biostimulation of the native microbial consortium as a novel application of the heap leaching technique to bioremediate mining soils contaminated with hydrocarbons. Microorganisms present in the polluted soil were isolated in a liquid mineral solution using diesel fuel as the sole energy and carbon source. Biodegradation activity was evaluated and two genera, Flavobacterium and Aspergillus, were identified as the primary microorganisms that degraded hydrocarbons in the polluted soil. In order to simulate the heap leaching process on a laboratory scale, using both columns and piles, the contaminated soil was mixed with different sand concentrations and was agglomerated before it was used. Three flow rates, of the mineral solution, were evaluated. Of the rates tested, biodegradation was most efficient at a flow rate of 200 ml h(-1). The heap leaching technique demonstrated good efficiency in the column and pile, with a 2% soil-sand mixture lowering the TPH concentration from 61,000 to 1800 mg kg(-1) (98.5%) in 15 d.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2003

The effects of short-term moderate beer consumption (MBC) on plasma circulating fibrinogen (PCF) ... more The effects of short-term moderate beer consumption (MBC) on plasma circulating fibrinogen (PCF) in patients suffering from coronary atherosclerosis were investigated by use of 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), circular dichroism (CD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Forty-eight volunteers after coronary bypass surgery were divided into experimental (EG) and control (CG) groups, each of 24. Patients of the EG group consumed 330 mL of beer/day (about 20 g of alcohol) for 30 consecutive days, and CG volunteers drank mineral water instead of beer. Blood samples were collected before and after the experiment. In 21 out of 24 patients after beer consumption the plasma circulating fibrinogen was compromised: changes in its secondary structure were found. These changes were expressed in relatively low electrophoretic mobility and charge heterogeneity, decrease in R-helix and increase in-sheet, and in slight shift of amide I and II bands. Our findings indicate that one of the positive benefits of moderate beer consumption is to diminish the production of fibrinogen and its stability, which reduces the potential risk exerted by this protein. Thus, in most of beer-consuming patients some qualitative structural changes in plasma circulating fibrinogen were detected.