Stephen J Scanlan | Ohio University (original) (raw)
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Papers by Stephen J Scanlan
TRAILS: Teaching Resources and Innovations Library for Sociology, Apr 26, 2010
TRAILS: Teaching Resources and Innovations Library for Sociology, Apr 26, 2010
Sustainability, 2022
In this paper we examine definitions of ‘greenwashing’ and its different forms, developing a tool... more In this paper we examine definitions of ‘greenwashing’ and its different forms, developing a tool for assessing diverse ‘green’ claims made by various actors. Research shows that significant deception and misleading claims exist both in the regulated commercial sphere, as well as in the unregulated non-commercial sphere (e.g., governments, NGO partnerships, international pledges, etc.). Recently, serious concerns have been raised over rampant greenwashing, in particular with regard to rapidly emerging net zero commitments. The proposed framework we developed is the first actionable tool for analysing the quality and truthfulness of such claims. The framework has widespread and unique potential for highlighting efforts that seek to delay or distract real solutions that are urgently needed today to tackle multiple climate and environmental crises. In addition, we note how the framework may also assist in the development of practices and communication strategies that ultimately avoid greenwashing.
TRAILS: Teaching Resources and Innovations Library for Sociology, Apr 26, 2010
TRAILS: Teaching Resources and Innovations Library for Sociology, Jan 14, 2012
In this paper I examine the state of food insecurity in Appalachia, comparing its prevalence and ... more In this paper I examine the state of food insecurity in Appalachia, comparing its prevalence and form to the rest of the United States and the non-Appalachian portion of ARC-designated Appalachian states. Using data primarily from the Economic Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Environment Atlas 2014 and counties as the unit of analysis I examine low and very low food security alongside specific indicators reflecting these dynamics including child hunger, food deserts, health considerations, school feeding program participation, and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits among others. I analyze the data using a one-sample T-Test for the differences of means to reveal instances where Appalachian counties fare better or worse on food insecurity indicators than the remainder of the country. Findings reveal several key themes that emerge with regard to food insecurity concerns in the region including the availability of grocery stores, access to healthy and nutritious food and related health outcomes, limited transportation systems, lower incomes, higher poverty rates, and the importance of programs to assist the citizenry in coping with the issue. I discuss findings in light of the historical context and political economy of Appalachia in connection with emerging ideas pertaining to food sovereignty and food justice including opportunities for addressing the issue through creation of an empowering and vibrant food system in the region that is and builds on a foundation of resilience to develop a more sustainable economy
Journal of Conflict Resolution, Dec 1, 2007
Discussions of world hunger have focused on economic growth and international food aid, assuming ... more Discussions of world hunger have focused on economic growth and international food aid, assuming that food supply is the critical issue. The authors show that food access rooted in social stratification and military power is the central problem. Synthesizing the entitlement and military famine approaches to hunger, the authors examine the effects of food supply, economic growth, social stratification, and military power on child hunger in less developed countries (1990-2000) using a cross-national analysis. Child hunger is largely due to gender stratification, militarization, and armed conflict. Halting wars, expanding political rights, and improving gender equity reduce child hunger. Economic growth and programmatic international food aid reduce child hunger, but there are no benefits from increased total food supply or international emergency relief. Child hunger is an access problem best addressed by expanding social and political rights, reducing armed conflict and militarization, and improving women's status. Early warning and relief efforts should focus on these concerns instead of the ``supply'' concerns traditionally emphasized.
Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks, Jun 8, 2023
TRAILS: Teaching Resources and Innovations Library for Sociology, Apr 26, 2010
In this paper I examine the state of food insecurity in Appalachia, comparing its prevalence and ... more In this paper I examine the state of food insecurity in Appalachia, comparing its prevalence and form to the rest of the United States and the non-Appalachian portion of ARC-designated Appalachian states. Using data primarily from the Economic Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Environment Atlas 2014 and counties as the unit of analysis I examine low and very low food security alongside specific indicators reflecting these dynamics including child hunger, food deserts, health considerations, school feeding program participation, and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits among others. I analyze the data using a one-sample T-Test for the differences of means to reveal instances where Appalachian counties fare better or worse on food insecurity indicators than the remainder of the country. Findings reveal several key themes that emerge with regard to food insecurity concerns in the region including the availability of grocery stores, access to healthy and nutritious food and related health outcomes, limited transportation systems, lower incomes, higher poverty rates, and the importance of programs to assist the citizenry in coping with the issue. I discuss findings in light of the historical context and political economy of Appalachia in connection with emerging ideas pertaining to food sovereignty and food justice including opportunities for addressing the issue through creation of an empowering and vibrant food system in the region that is and builds on a foundation of resilience to develop a more sustainable economy
TRAILS: Teaching Resources and Innovations Library for Sociology, Apr 26, 2010
The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology, 2016
Oxford Handbooks Online, 2017
This article examines hunger and food insecurity in relation to poverty. Evidence shows that food... more This article examines hunger and food insecurity in relation to poverty. Evidence shows that food insecurity is overwhelmingly concentrated in developing countries, even as it also exists in wealthy countries. Today, food insecurity remains widespread in large measure because extreme poverty remains widespread, and vice versa. However, the relationship between poverty and food insecurity is complex and bidirectional. This article first reviews concepts and definitions related to food security before discussing the major approaches used to measure food insecurity. It then explains why measurement matters and why it remains so challenging and proceeds by providing a historical overview of hunger and food insecurity. It also analyzes the causes of hunger and food insecurity and interventions intended to reduce hunger and food insecurity. Finally, it suggests directions for future research.
Sustainability, 2022
In this paper we examine definitions of ‘greenwashing’ and its different forms, developing a tool... more In this paper we examine definitions of ‘greenwashing’ and its different forms, developing a tool for assessing diverse ‘green’ claims made by various actors. Research shows that significant deception and misleading claims exist both in the regulated commercial sphere, as well as in the unregulated non-commercial sphere (e.g., governments, NGO partnerships, international pledges, etc.). Recently, serious concerns have been raised over rampant greenwashing, in particular with regard to rapidly emerging net zero commitments. The proposed framework we developed is the first actionable tool for analysing the quality and truthfulness of such claims. The framework has widespread and unique potential for highlighting efforts that seek to delay or distract real solutions that are urgently needed today to tackle multiple climate and environmental crises. In addition, we note how the framework may also assist in the development of practices and communication strategies that ultimately avoid g...
Food, Culture, and Society: an international journal of multidisciplinary research, Jul 2, 2021
TRAILS: Teaching Resources and Innovations Library for Sociology, Apr 26, 2010
TRAILS: Teaching Resources and Innovations Library for Sociology, Apr 26, 2010
Sustainability, 2022
In this paper we examine definitions of ‘greenwashing’ and its different forms, developing a tool... more In this paper we examine definitions of ‘greenwashing’ and its different forms, developing a tool for assessing diverse ‘green’ claims made by various actors. Research shows that significant deception and misleading claims exist both in the regulated commercial sphere, as well as in the unregulated non-commercial sphere (e.g., governments, NGO partnerships, international pledges, etc.). Recently, serious concerns have been raised over rampant greenwashing, in particular with regard to rapidly emerging net zero commitments. The proposed framework we developed is the first actionable tool for analysing the quality and truthfulness of such claims. The framework has widespread and unique potential for highlighting efforts that seek to delay or distract real solutions that are urgently needed today to tackle multiple climate and environmental crises. In addition, we note how the framework may also assist in the development of practices and communication strategies that ultimately avoid greenwashing.
TRAILS: Teaching Resources and Innovations Library for Sociology, Apr 26, 2010
TRAILS: Teaching Resources and Innovations Library for Sociology, Jan 14, 2012
In this paper I examine the state of food insecurity in Appalachia, comparing its prevalence and ... more In this paper I examine the state of food insecurity in Appalachia, comparing its prevalence and form to the rest of the United States and the non-Appalachian portion of ARC-designated Appalachian states. Using data primarily from the Economic Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Environment Atlas 2014 and counties as the unit of analysis I examine low and very low food security alongside specific indicators reflecting these dynamics including child hunger, food deserts, health considerations, school feeding program participation, and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits among others. I analyze the data using a one-sample T-Test for the differences of means to reveal instances where Appalachian counties fare better or worse on food insecurity indicators than the remainder of the country. Findings reveal several key themes that emerge with regard to food insecurity concerns in the region including the availability of grocery stores, access to healthy and nutritious food and related health outcomes, limited transportation systems, lower incomes, higher poverty rates, and the importance of programs to assist the citizenry in coping with the issue. I discuss findings in light of the historical context and political economy of Appalachia in connection with emerging ideas pertaining to food sovereignty and food justice including opportunities for addressing the issue through creation of an empowering and vibrant food system in the region that is and builds on a foundation of resilience to develop a more sustainable economy
Journal of Conflict Resolution, Dec 1, 2007
Discussions of world hunger have focused on economic growth and international food aid, assuming ... more Discussions of world hunger have focused on economic growth and international food aid, assuming that food supply is the critical issue. The authors show that food access rooted in social stratification and military power is the central problem. Synthesizing the entitlement and military famine approaches to hunger, the authors examine the effects of food supply, economic growth, social stratification, and military power on child hunger in less developed countries (1990-2000) using a cross-national analysis. Child hunger is largely due to gender stratification, militarization, and armed conflict. Halting wars, expanding political rights, and improving gender equity reduce child hunger. Economic growth and programmatic international food aid reduce child hunger, but there are no benefits from increased total food supply or international emergency relief. Child hunger is an access problem best addressed by expanding social and political rights, reducing armed conflict and militarization, and improving women's status. Early warning and relief efforts should focus on these concerns instead of the ``supply'' concerns traditionally emphasized.
Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks, Jun 8, 2023
TRAILS: Teaching Resources and Innovations Library for Sociology, Apr 26, 2010
In this paper I examine the state of food insecurity in Appalachia, comparing its prevalence and ... more In this paper I examine the state of food insecurity in Appalachia, comparing its prevalence and form to the rest of the United States and the non-Appalachian portion of ARC-designated Appalachian states. Using data primarily from the Economic Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Environment Atlas 2014 and counties as the unit of analysis I examine low and very low food security alongside specific indicators reflecting these dynamics including child hunger, food deserts, health considerations, school feeding program participation, and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits among others. I analyze the data using a one-sample T-Test for the differences of means to reveal instances where Appalachian counties fare better or worse on food insecurity indicators than the remainder of the country. Findings reveal several key themes that emerge with regard to food insecurity concerns in the region including the availability of grocery stores, access to healthy and nutritious food and related health outcomes, limited transportation systems, lower incomes, higher poverty rates, and the importance of programs to assist the citizenry in coping with the issue. I discuss findings in light of the historical context and political economy of Appalachia in connection with emerging ideas pertaining to food sovereignty and food justice including opportunities for addressing the issue through creation of an empowering and vibrant food system in the region that is and builds on a foundation of resilience to develop a more sustainable economy
TRAILS: Teaching Resources and Innovations Library for Sociology, Apr 26, 2010
The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology, 2016
Oxford Handbooks Online, 2017
This article examines hunger and food insecurity in relation to poverty. Evidence shows that food... more This article examines hunger and food insecurity in relation to poverty. Evidence shows that food insecurity is overwhelmingly concentrated in developing countries, even as it also exists in wealthy countries. Today, food insecurity remains widespread in large measure because extreme poverty remains widespread, and vice versa. However, the relationship between poverty and food insecurity is complex and bidirectional. This article first reviews concepts and definitions related to food security before discussing the major approaches used to measure food insecurity. It then explains why measurement matters and why it remains so challenging and proceeds by providing a historical overview of hunger and food insecurity. It also analyzes the causes of hunger and food insecurity and interventions intended to reduce hunger and food insecurity. Finally, it suggests directions for future research.
Sustainability, 2022
In this paper we examine definitions of ‘greenwashing’ and its different forms, developing a tool... more In this paper we examine definitions of ‘greenwashing’ and its different forms, developing a tool for assessing diverse ‘green’ claims made by various actors. Research shows that significant deception and misleading claims exist both in the regulated commercial sphere, as well as in the unregulated non-commercial sphere (e.g., governments, NGO partnerships, international pledges, etc.). Recently, serious concerns have been raised over rampant greenwashing, in particular with regard to rapidly emerging net zero commitments. The proposed framework we developed is the first actionable tool for analysing the quality and truthfulness of such claims. The framework has widespread and unique potential for highlighting efforts that seek to delay or distract real solutions that are urgently needed today to tackle multiple climate and environmental crises. In addition, we note how the framework may also assist in the development of practices and communication strategies that ultimately avoid g...
Food, Culture, and Society: an international journal of multidisciplinary research, Jul 2, 2021