ODUFUWA Bashir Olufemi | Olabisi Onabanjo University (original) (raw)
Papers by ODUFUWA Bashir Olufemi
Environmental Research Journal, 2007
It is disheartening to note that the mobility gap between women and men has continued to widen; w... more It is disheartening to note that the mobility gap between women and men has continued to widen; while poverty horizon of most women continue to deepen as a result of inadequate spatial interactions. The study examines the interplay between women and public transport system in Nigerian traditional city-Ibadan. A purposive sampling technique was used to administered 203 questionnaires. Data collected were analyzed using simple descriptive technique and correlation analysis. Results reveal that, public transport system in the city is inefficient. The analysis also reveals that inadequate public transport system has significant impact on the livelihoods of women. Findings made it clear that socio-economic variables and operational characteristics are determining factors for the patronage of public transport. Based on findings and analysis; the paper discussed the need for considering the mobility needs of passengers, and emphasised the need for a sustainable public transport and gender planning and analysis in Nigerian public transport planning and management. it also stressed that gendered-based transportation planning and management need to be examined, if the reproductive and productivity roles of women in our society are to be achieved.
The aged are widely recognize as vulnerable group from physical capability and health point of vi... more The aged are widely recognize as vulnerable group from physical capability and health point of view. As the number of the ageing population continues to increase, pertinent issues affecting this population segment need to be addressed. Transportation planning of the aged, particularly in low-income countries has been sadly neglected and this poses great challenges to planners and policy makers. Against this backdrop, the study examined vulnerability and mobility stress coping strategies of the aged in a developing city-Lagos, Nigeria. The study was conducted among 456 aged populations using the questionnaire survey method. Indices of ageing population mobility stress coping strategies and the weighted sum reflecting frequency and severity of respondents to mobility stress were used as a proxy for indicating the vulnerability of the aged to mobility stress. Variables used include number of household vehicles, purpose of daily trips, number of trips, trip distance, travel time, income and travel difficulties. Factors that influenced frequency of mobility stress encountered by this group were identified and the nature of their influence was analyzed using the regression model. The result shows that, ageing population were more vulnerable to mobility stress; and this is partly attributed to travel difficulties encountered by this group. There was higher prevalence of long-waiting at bus stop, prolong travel time, uncomfortable means of travel and expensive travel cost. Results shows that, the aged have less access to and utilization of comfortable transport services and therefore they are more transport insecure. The paper however emphasized the integration of the mobility needs of the aged and other vulnerable groups in the design and implementation of transport infrastructure and services in developing countries.
The significant of public transport of cities in many developing countries lies in the fundamenta... more The significant of public transport of cities in many developing countries lies in the fundamental fact that mobility and accessibility are essential for economic growth and of necessity to provide efficient and effective movement for goods and services. The failure of the public transportation system however and indeed overall transportation system in the cities has led to further marginalisation of the greater majority of the people in these cities and consequently, economic deprivation.
Crime incident is one of the greatest endemic challenges in public transport system. This study e... more Crime incident is one of the greatest endemic challenges in public transport system. This study examined the relationship between quality of public transport and crime incidents with the view to examine the sustainability of public transport system in an African mega-city-Lagos, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling procedure and sampling ratio of 0.0165% was used to randomly administered 1,599 questionnaires. Data obtained were analyzed using frequency distribution, correlation and regression analysis. Findings revealed that poor quality of bus stops, unemployment/poverty, poor law enforcement, inadequate transport infrastructure, poor land use pattern, ineffective regulation of public transport service are among the causes of crime incidence in public transport. Results also shows that there is significant relationship (p<0.05) between volume of crime and passengers income, educational level, age and gender. Also, a significant relationship (p<0.01) was found to exist between volume of crime incidence in public transport and quality of public transport system. There is a significant impact of quality of modes (waiting time, p<0.05; bus stop design, location and condition, p<0.05 on the volume of crime incidence experienced by passengers. Furthermore, a significant relationship (p<0.01) exists between public transport experience (length of use) of the passengers and volume of crime. This result suggests that increase patronage of public transport in Nigerian cities would be facilitated through the provision of sustainable public transport service.
Arising from wide-spread poverty, there is an alarming level of transport inadequacy in Nigerian ... more Arising from wide-spread poverty, there is an alarming level of transport inadequacy in Nigerian cities. This manifest in poor quality and low level of existing transport infrastructure. Severe congestion and a host of other transport externalities have become more or less a norm in most Nigerian cities, thus resulting to an increasing rate of travel difficulties. This paper takes a critical look at transport poverty and consequent deviant driving behaviours in intermediate cities of Nigeria. The paper examines the state of transport infrastructure in these cities and the nexus with the deviant driving behaviour of the motorists and other vehicle operators. Affirming that, their is a monumental deficiency in transport quality, the design of transport infrastructure and arrangement of other landuse types into spatial units significantly influence the driving behaviour of the residents. The paper suggests a two-prong approach in dealing with the situation. This involves upgrading of transport infrastructure and traffic education on one hand, and an improvement in the socio-economic circumstances of the residents on the other hand.
The economic, social, cultural and physical environment of man is interrelated with climate chang... more The economic, social, cultural and physical environment of man is interrelated with climate change. This can be justified by several cities and people, particularly in developing countries facing alarming threats of climate change. Scholars affirmed that low or poor capacity to mitigate climate change in most developing cities would in long term swamp the natural and human capacity systems required to adapt to prevailing impacts of climate change. The impacts of climatic change on socio-economic activities have being a disturbing developmental issue for governments in developed and developing world. In Most countries climate change is a notable environmental factor that shape and re-shape sources of livelihoods. It has over time forced vast number of people into shackle of poverty through destruction of their means of livelihoods. This in recent time manifested in the lost of properties, lives, and destruction of infrastructural facilities. This paper unveiled the nexus between global climate change and livelihoods. It explored the concepts of livelihood and vulnerability in relation to climate change and its consequent impacts on livelihoods. The paper also examines the roles of governance towards adapting and mitigating the effects of climate change. It emphasized the need for improved infrastructural facilities, environmental education/ enhanced climate change awareness programme, improved and monitor physical planning activities, good/effective governance and establishment of climate change insurance scheme. ABSTRACT Lingkungan ekonomi, sosial, budaya dan fisik manusia saling terkait dengan perubahan iklim. Hal ini dapatterjadi di beberapa kota dan masyarakat, terutama di negara berkembang dalam menghadapi ancaman yang mengkhawatirkan tentang perubahan iklim. Para ahli menegaskan bahwa kapasitas rendah atau miskin untuk mengurangi perubahan iklim di kotakota berkembang akan butuh waktu lama untuk beradaptasi antara sistem kapasitas alam dan manusia dengan dampak perubahan iklim yang terjadi. Dampak perubahan iklim pada kegiatan sosial ekonomi telah menjadi masalah yang mengganggu perkembangan pemerintah di negara maju dan berkembang. Di sebagian besar negara perubahan iklim 48 merupakan faktor lingkungan yang layak dipertimbangkan sebagai faktor pembentuk dan pembentuk kembali sumber mata pencaharian. Dalam beberapa waktu terakhir hal ini diwujudkan dalam kehilangan properti, jiwa, kerusakan infrastruktur. Makalah ini mengemukakan hubungan antara perubahan iklim global dan mata pencaharian. Hal Ini mengeksplorasi konsep penghidupan dan kerentanan dalam kaitannya dengan perubahan iklim dan dampak pada mata pencaharian. Makalah ini juga meneliti peran pemerintahan terhadap adaptasi dan mitigasi dampak perubahan iklim. Ini menekankan perlunya perbaikan fasilitas infrastruktur, pendidikan lingkungan / program kesadaran, perbaikan kegiatan pembangunan infrastruktur, pemerintahan yang baik, bersih dan pembentukan skema asuransi perubahan iklim. Kata kunci : Perubahan Iklim, mata pencaharian, kerentanan, adaptasi, mitigasi dan kemiskinan
It is interesting to note that 1975 to 2025 was considered as the "Ageing Era" by the United Nati... more It is interesting to note that 1975 to 2025 was considered as the "Ageing Era" by the United Nations. Thus, the global ageing of the population most especially in the Sub-Saharan Africa cities is responsible for an increase in demands for social and economic materials which invariably put pressure on the provision of public services such as health and transport. It should be noted that, there is a relationship between the quality of life the elderly and transportation. Thus, transport plays an important role in ensuring an active ageing mobility process.
The exploding rate of growth of vulnerable groups and transport insecurity in developing cities p... more The exploding rate of growth of vulnerable groups and transport insecurity in developing cities poses great challenges to planners and policy makers. In the light of this, the paper examined vulnerability and mobility stress coping strategies differentials among male and female in a developing city-Lagos, Nigeria. The study used primary data, which were obtained through a questionnaire survey of 356 respondents in Lagos. Indices of individual coping strategies and the weighted sum reflecting frequency and severity of respondents mobility stress coping strategies were used as a proxy for indicating the vulnerability of male and female respondents to mobility stress. Variables used include socio-economic characteristics such as number of vehicle in household, purpose of daily trip, number of trips, trip distance, travel time, income, age and travel difficulties. The result shows that female respondents were more vulnerable to mobility stress than the male. Sources of stress are basically associated with travel difficulties. There was higher prevalence of long-waiting at bus stop, prolong travel time, uncomfortable means of travel and expensive cost of travel among female respondents. This implies that female respondents had less access to and utilization of comfortable services transport and are therefore more transport-in secure than their male counterpart. The paper emphasis the need to improve the current state of transport infrastructures in the country. Female and their counterparts (male) need transport enlightenment in order for them to be able to cope with stressful mobility conditions.
Flooding is a phenomenon that sometimes has devastating effects on human livelihoods. Impact of f... more Flooding is a phenomenon that sometimes has devastating effects on human livelihoods. Impact of floods is more pronounced in low-lying areas due to rapid growth in population, poor governance, decaying infrastructure and lack of proper environmental planning and management. Flooding is also exacerbated by climate change and inadequate preparedness. However, flooding in most Nigerian cities is a major environmental challenge that has continued to defy solution as more people are rendered vulnerable to hazards involved. The implications of recent flooding in Nigerian cities include among others; loss of life and properties, spread of diseases, deformed livelihoods, assets and infrastructure. This paper therefore provides an overview of how Nigerian cities have been affected by flood incidences. The paper contends that prevailing effects of climate change, particularly flooding affecting almost everything in cities demands urgent attention in form of environmental and infrastructure planning, effective policy, improved and effective management of ecological fund, enhanced environmental disaster insurance, effective professional practice, enhanced public enlightment programmes, integration of environmental planning and education to curriculum of schools at all levels, capacity building towards adaptation and mitigation of climate change impact. It also argued for the need to reinvent Nigerian cities through good governance towards creating sustainable cities in the country.
How can productive cities be created in the face of economic, social, political and environmental... more How can productive cities be created in the face of economic, social, political and environmental mishaps in planning, management and development process? How can cities become more enjoyable, functional and innovative using city management and development theories? Theoretically the paper examines the importance of cities and impact of urbanization and globalization towards competitiveness of cities. The paper argues that; despite the huge benefits accrued to cities via globalization, most developing cities are suffering from intolerably high levels of poor infrastructure and governance. The interlinks between an array of theories and city development and management forms the focus of the paper. The paper makes its contribution by: examining and discussing the theoretical undertones for sustainable cities and concluded with a set of recommendations on what needs to be done to achieve sustainable city development and management.
preventionweb.net
This paper examined the level of preparedness and capacity building to tackle urban flooding in N... more This paper examined the level of preparedness and capacity building to tackle urban flooding in Nigerian cities. Firstly, the incidences of urban flood hazards, causes and impacts were examined; secondly, the role of urbanization as large creator of flood risk for much of the urban population was analysed. Thirdly, discussion was about the vulnerability, preparedness and coping strategies of the people to these hazards. Fourthly, an examination of the role of spatial planning, sustainable drainage systems and land use management in building capacities to tackle flood hazards was carried out. The paper concluded that lack of proper spatial planning and land use management coupled with incapacity of governments to ensure good urban governance exacerbate the cases of urban flood in Nigeria. A GIS-based spatial planning and land use management can be a versatile tool in building capacities for flood disaster reduction and preparedness to ensure sustainable urban development.
Environmental Research Journal, 2007
It is disheartening to note that the mobility gap between women and men has continued to widen; w... more It is disheartening to note that the mobility gap between women and men has continued to widen; while poverty horizon of most women continue to deepen as a result of inadequate spatial interactions. The study examines the interplay between women and public transport system in Nigerian traditional city-Ibadan. A purposive sampling technique was used to administered 203 questionnaires. Data collected were analyzed using simple descriptive technique and correlation analysis. Results reveal that, public transport system in the city is inefficient. The analysis also reveals that inadequate public transport system has significant impact on the livelihoods of women. Findings made it clear that socio-economic variables and operational characteristics are determining factors for the patronage of public transport. Based on findings and analysis; the paper discussed the need for considering the mobility needs of passengers, and emphasised the need for a sustainable public transport and gender planning and analysis in Nigerian public transport planning and management. it also stressed that gendered-based transportation planning and management need to be examined, if the reproductive and productivity roles of women in our society are to be achieved.
The aged are widely recognize as vulnerable group from physical capability and health point of vi... more The aged are widely recognize as vulnerable group from physical capability and health point of view. As the number of the ageing population continues to increase, pertinent issues affecting this population segment need to be addressed. Transportation planning of the aged, particularly in low-income countries has been sadly neglected and this poses great challenges to planners and policy makers. Against this backdrop, the study examined vulnerability and mobility stress coping strategies of the aged in a developing city-Lagos, Nigeria. The study was conducted among 456 aged populations using the questionnaire survey method. Indices of ageing population mobility stress coping strategies and the weighted sum reflecting frequency and severity of respondents to mobility stress were used as a proxy for indicating the vulnerability of the aged to mobility stress. Variables used include number of household vehicles, purpose of daily trips, number of trips, trip distance, travel time, income and travel difficulties. Factors that influenced frequency of mobility stress encountered by this group were identified and the nature of their influence was analyzed using the regression model. The result shows that, ageing population were more vulnerable to mobility stress; and this is partly attributed to travel difficulties encountered by this group. There was higher prevalence of long-waiting at bus stop, prolong travel time, uncomfortable means of travel and expensive travel cost. Results shows that, the aged have less access to and utilization of comfortable transport services and therefore they are more transport insecure. The paper however emphasized the integration of the mobility needs of the aged and other vulnerable groups in the design and implementation of transport infrastructure and services in developing countries.
The significant of public transport of cities in many developing countries lies in the fundamenta... more The significant of public transport of cities in many developing countries lies in the fundamental fact that mobility and accessibility are essential for economic growth and of necessity to provide efficient and effective movement for goods and services. The failure of the public transportation system however and indeed overall transportation system in the cities has led to further marginalisation of the greater majority of the people in these cities and consequently, economic deprivation.
Crime incident is one of the greatest endemic challenges in public transport system. This study e... more Crime incident is one of the greatest endemic challenges in public transport system. This study examined the relationship between quality of public transport and crime incidents with the view to examine the sustainability of public transport system in an African mega-city-Lagos, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling procedure and sampling ratio of 0.0165% was used to randomly administered 1,599 questionnaires. Data obtained were analyzed using frequency distribution, correlation and regression analysis. Findings revealed that poor quality of bus stops, unemployment/poverty, poor law enforcement, inadequate transport infrastructure, poor land use pattern, ineffective regulation of public transport service are among the causes of crime incidence in public transport. Results also shows that there is significant relationship (p<0.05) between volume of crime and passengers income, educational level, age and gender. Also, a significant relationship (p<0.01) was found to exist between volume of crime incidence in public transport and quality of public transport system. There is a significant impact of quality of modes (waiting time, p<0.05; bus stop design, location and condition, p<0.05 on the volume of crime incidence experienced by passengers. Furthermore, a significant relationship (p<0.01) exists between public transport experience (length of use) of the passengers and volume of crime. This result suggests that increase patronage of public transport in Nigerian cities would be facilitated through the provision of sustainable public transport service.
Arising from wide-spread poverty, there is an alarming level of transport inadequacy in Nigerian ... more Arising from wide-spread poverty, there is an alarming level of transport inadequacy in Nigerian cities. This manifest in poor quality and low level of existing transport infrastructure. Severe congestion and a host of other transport externalities have become more or less a norm in most Nigerian cities, thus resulting to an increasing rate of travel difficulties. This paper takes a critical look at transport poverty and consequent deviant driving behaviours in intermediate cities of Nigeria. The paper examines the state of transport infrastructure in these cities and the nexus with the deviant driving behaviour of the motorists and other vehicle operators. Affirming that, their is a monumental deficiency in transport quality, the design of transport infrastructure and arrangement of other landuse types into spatial units significantly influence the driving behaviour of the residents. The paper suggests a two-prong approach in dealing with the situation. This involves upgrading of transport infrastructure and traffic education on one hand, and an improvement in the socio-economic circumstances of the residents on the other hand.
The economic, social, cultural and physical environment of man is interrelated with climate chang... more The economic, social, cultural and physical environment of man is interrelated with climate change. This can be justified by several cities and people, particularly in developing countries facing alarming threats of climate change. Scholars affirmed that low or poor capacity to mitigate climate change in most developing cities would in long term swamp the natural and human capacity systems required to adapt to prevailing impacts of climate change. The impacts of climatic change on socio-economic activities have being a disturbing developmental issue for governments in developed and developing world. In Most countries climate change is a notable environmental factor that shape and re-shape sources of livelihoods. It has over time forced vast number of people into shackle of poverty through destruction of their means of livelihoods. This in recent time manifested in the lost of properties, lives, and destruction of infrastructural facilities. This paper unveiled the nexus between global climate change and livelihoods. It explored the concepts of livelihood and vulnerability in relation to climate change and its consequent impacts on livelihoods. The paper also examines the roles of governance towards adapting and mitigating the effects of climate change. It emphasized the need for improved infrastructural facilities, environmental education/ enhanced climate change awareness programme, improved and monitor physical planning activities, good/effective governance and establishment of climate change insurance scheme. ABSTRACT Lingkungan ekonomi, sosial, budaya dan fisik manusia saling terkait dengan perubahan iklim. Hal ini dapatterjadi di beberapa kota dan masyarakat, terutama di negara berkembang dalam menghadapi ancaman yang mengkhawatirkan tentang perubahan iklim. Para ahli menegaskan bahwa kapasitas rendah atau miskin untuk mengurangi perubahan iklim di kotakota berkembang akan butuh waktu lama untuk beradaptasi antara sistem kapasitas alam dan manusia dengan dampak perubahan iklim yang terjadi. Dampak perubahan iklim pada kegiatan sosial ekonomi telah menjadi masalah yang mengganggu perkembangan pemerintah di negara maju dan berkembang. Di sebagian besar negara perubahan iklim 48 merupakan faktor lingkungan yang layak dipertimbangkan sebagai faktor pembentuk dan pembentuk kembali sumber mata pencaharian. Dalam beberapa waktu terakhir hal ini diwujudkan dalam kehilangan properti, jiwa, kerusakan infrastruktur. Makalah ini mengemukakan hubungan antara perubahan iklim global dan mata pencaharian. Hal Ini mengeksplorasi konsep penghidupan dan kerentanan dalam kaitannya dengan perubahan iklim dan dampak pada mata pencaharian. Makalah ini juga meneliti peran pemerintahan terhadap adaptasi dan mitigasi dampak perubahan iklim. Ini menekankan perlunya perbaikan fasilitas infrastruktur, pendidikan lingkungan / program kesadaran, perbaikan kegiatan pembangunan infrastruktur, pemerintahan yang baik, bersih dan pembentukan skema asuransi perubahan iklim. Kata kunci : Perubahan Iklim, mata pencaharian, kerentanan, adaptasi, mitigasi dan kemiskinan
It is interesting to note that 1975 to 2025 was considered as the "Ageing Era" by the United Nati... more It is interesting to note that 1975 to 2025 was considered as the "Ageing Era" by the United Nations. Thus, the global ageing of the population most especially in the Sub-Saharan Africa cities is responsible for an increase in demands for social and economic materials which invariably put pressure on the provision of public services such as health and transport. It should be noted that, there is a relationship between the quality of life the elderly and transportation. Thus, transport plays an important role in ensuring an active ageing mobility process.
The exploding rate of growth of vulnerable groups and transport insecurity in developing cities p... more The exploding rate of growth of vulnerable groups and transport insecurity in developing cities poses great challenges to planners and policy makers. In the light of this, the paper examined vulnerability and mobility stress coping strategies differentials among male and female in a developing city-Lagos, Nigeria. The study used primary data, which were obtained through a questionnaire survey of 356 respondents in Lagos. Indices of individual coping strategies and the weighted sum reflecting frequency and severity of respondents mobility stress coping strategies were used as a proxy for indicating the vulnerability of male and female respondents to mobility stress. Variables used include socio-economic characteristics such as number of vehicle in household, purpose of daily trip, number of trips, trip distance, travel time, income, age and travel difficulties. The result shows that female respondents were more vulnerable to mobility stress than the male. Sources of stress are basically associated with travel difficulties. There was higher prevalence of long-waiting at bus stop, prolong travel time, uncomfortable means of travel and expensive cost of travel among female respondents. This implies that female respondents had less access to and utilization of comfortable services transport and are therefore more transport-in secure than their male counterpart. The paper emphasis the need to improve the current state of transport infrastructures in the country. Female and their counterparts (male) need transport enlightenment in order for them to be able to cope with stressful mobility conditions.
Flooding is a phenomenon that sometimes has devastating effects on human livelihoods. Impact of f... more Flooding is a phenomenon that sometimes has devastating effects on human livelihoods. Impact of floods is more pronounced in low-lying areas due to rapid growth in population, poor governance, decaying infrastructure and lack of proper environmental planning and management. Flooding is also exacerbated by climate change and inadequate preparedness. However, flooding in most Nigerian cities is a major environmental challenge that has continued to defy solution as more people are rendered vulnerable to hazards involved. The implications of recent flooding in Nigerian cities include among others; loss of life and properties, spread of diseases, deformed livelihoods, assets and infrastructure. This paper therefore provides an overview of how Nigerian cities have been affected by flood incidences. The paper contends that prevailing effects of climate change, particularly flooding affecting almost everything in cities demands urgent attention in form of environmental and infrastructure planning, effective policy, improved and effective management of ecological fund, enhanced environmental disaster insurance, effective professional practice, enhanced public enlightment programmes, integration of environmental planning and education to curriculum of schools at all levels, capacity building towards adaptation and mitigation of climate change impact. It also argued for the need to reinvent Nigerian cities through good governance towards creating sustainable cities in the country.
How can productive cities be created in the face of economic, social, political and environmental... more How can productive cities be created in the face of economic, social, political and environmental mishaps in planning, management and development process? How can cities become more enjoyable, functional and innovative using city management and development theories? Theoretically the paper examines the importance of cities and impact of urbanization and globalization towards competitiveness of cities. The paper argues that; despite the huge benefits accrued to cities via globalization, most developing cities are suffering from intolerably high levels of poor infrastructure and governance. The interlinks between an array of theories and city development and management forms the focus of the paper. The paper makes its contribution by: examining and discussing the theoretical undertones for sustainable cities and concluded with a set of recommendations on what needs to be done to achieve sustainable city development and management.
preventionweb.net
This paper examined the level of preparedness and capacity building to tackle urban flooding in N... more This paper examined the level of preparedness and capacity building to tackle urban flooding in Nigerian cities. Firstly, the incidences of urban flood hazards, causes and impacts were examined; secondly, the role of urbanization as large creator of flood risk for much of the urban population was analysed. Thirdly, discussion was about the vulnerability, preparedness and coping strategies of the people to these hazards. Fourthly, an examination of the role of spatial planning, sustainable drainage systems and land use management in building capacities to tackle flood hazards was carried out. The paper concluded that lack of proper spatial planning and land use management coupled with incapacity of governments to ensure good urban governance exacerbate the cases of urban flood in Nigeria. A GIS-based spatial planning and land use management can be a versatile tool in building capacities for flood disaster reduction and preparedness to ensure sustainable urban development.