Shamim Mia | Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh (original) (raw)
Papers by Shamim Mia
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2014
Sustainability
The effects of nitrification inhibitor in tea gardens with different urea–N rates have rarely bee... more The effects of nitrification inhibitor in tea gardens with different urea–N rates have rarely been assessed. For eight months, a glasshouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of a nitrification inhibitor (3, 4–dimethylpyrazole phosphate, DMPP) on the changes of soil pH and inorganic N loss. Urea (0, 300, 500, and 800 kg N ha−1) with or without DMPP (1% of urea–N applied) were added to pots that hosted six plants that were three years old. Next, three leaching events were conducted with 600 mL of water after 7, 35, and 71 days of intervention while soil samples were collected to determine pH and inorganic N. Averaged across sampling dates, urea–N application at an increasing rate reduced soil pH with the lowest values at 800 kg urea–N ha−1. Adding DMPP increased soil pH up to a rate of 500 kg ha−1. Irrespective of the addition of DMPP, gradient urea–N application increased the leaching loss of inorganic N. On overage, DMPP increased soil pH and decreased leaching los...
Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
Agricultural Water Management
Statistics for Data Science and Policy Analysis
Biology and Fertility of Soils
Plant and Soil
Background Soil amendment with biochar can increase biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and improv... more Background Soil amendment with biochar can increase biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and improve growing conditions for legumes, while such effects may alter when biochar properties change with time (biochar aging). Methods We examined BNF and competitiveness of legumes in a mixed pasture (dominated by clover, Trifolium repens) after 26 months of biochar amendment (field aged biochar) and in a pot study with grass (Lolium perenne) and clover mixture using fresh and chemically aged biochars. Results In both studies, the fraction of N derived from symbiotic fixation (%Ndfa) was not affected by aged biochar treatments, while it reduced from 73% in the control to 68% with fresh biochar addition in the pot study. However, this reduction in %Ndfa was compensated with greater biomass production resulting in the largest amount of N fixed with fresh biochar application. The amount of N fixed was reduced by field aged biochar, although it was not affected by chemically aged biochars. Moreover, in the field study grasses became more competitive than legumes with biochar, while such an advantage by grasses was not observed in the pot study. Conclusions Aging of biochar can reduce BNF and competitiveness of legumes in mixed pastures with significant implications for pasture management. Keywords Pyrogenic carbon. Biochar aging. %Ndfa. Natural abundance of 15 N. Species dominance. Legume Abbreviations BNF Biological nitrogen fixation FBC Fresh biochar FABC Field aged biochar OBC Oxidized biochar CEC Cation exchange capacity %Ndfa Fraction of nitrogen derived from fixation (%) PCA Principal component analysis
Waste management (New York, N.Y.), Jan 10, 2018
Waste causes environmental pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions when it is not managed su... more Waste causes environmental pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions when it is not managed sustainably. In Bangladesh, municipal organic waste (MOW) is partially collected and landfilled. Thus, it causes deterioration of the environment urging a recycle-oriented waste management system. In this study, we propose a waste management system through pyrolysis of selective MOW for biochar production and composting of the remainder with biochar as an additive. We estimated the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) recycling potentials in the new techniques of waste management. Waste generation of a city was calculated using population density and per capita waste generation rate (PWGR). Two indicators of economic development, i.e., gross domestic product (GDP) and per capita gross national income (GNI) were used to adopt PWGR with a projected contribution of 5-20% to waste generation. The projected PWGR was then validated with a survey. The waste generation from u...
Biochar application to soil is increasingly attracting scientist’s attention for its multifaceted... more Biochar application to soil is increasingly attracting scientist’s attention for its multifaceted benefits from carbon sequestration to soil fertility improvement. However, the mechanistic understanding of high soil fertility and consequently high yield is still to be elucidated. The present study was aimed at reviewing the present state of knowledge regarding biochar effects on N and P availability with especial attention to potentiality, feasibility and justification of biochar addition to our soil. Biochar addition increases the mineral N retention due to NH4+ capture at cation exchange sites, NO3- adsorption in the base functional group at high pH or due to physical NO3- sorption. Microbial immobilization is also responsible for N retention and recycling. Phosphorous availability also increases after biochar amendment as it increases soil pH and releases of high charged small molecule humic acids. Biochar addition to our soil would be a potential option for increasing soil organ...
Sundarban is not only our pride and proud but also it is the most important natural defense again... more Sundarban is not only our pride and proud but also it is the most important natural defense against natural calamities. We still have the live memory of cyclone Sidr which took heavy trolls in the coastal districts including more than 4000 lives. It could have been many times higher if the Sundarban might not protect us. After the biggest oil spill even in Shila River, we are criticizing and making comments on how it has been happen and what could have been done. But, unfortunately, we are not focusing on how to resolve it immediately. Here, I am putting some ideas which might be considered for restoring life in Sandarban. Three steps management strategies -first, removal of oil from the spot; second, reduction of oil toxicity and finally, biodegradation of oil can be taken. Physical removal of oil The first task would be removal of oil as much as possible using skimmer and adsorbent. We can use our traditional net or clothes skimmers although there are modern skimmers available now...
The city corporation election was held recently. If we analyse manifestos of all candidates, prob... more The city corporation election was held recently. If we analyse manifestos of all candidates, probably we will get one point common mentioning clean city programme. Unfortunately, there is no outline about how the manifesto will be manifested. Here, the author would like to propose a sustainable clean city programme with utilization of organic wastes for agricultural uses. Waste generation scenario of Bangladesh Every day we are generating wastes from our daily leftover uses. In Bangladesh, the per capita waste generation is 0.5 kg per day. However, in a recent study, it is claimed to be 0.54 kg per
Biochar and its concept: Biochar is a term synonymously used for charcoal, char and agri-char. As... more Biochar and its concept: Biochar is a term synonymously used for charcoal, char and agri-char. As described by International Biochar Initiatives (IBI), it is charcoal made from pyrolysis of biomass and purposefully applied to soil for soil fertility improvement and attaining environmental gain. Basically, biochar is pyrolysed biomass. Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of biomass i.e. biomass is conversed to char, syngas (mixture of H2, CO, CH4 and CO2) and bio-oil with heat energy in absence of O2. When biomass is subjected to heating under limited or absence of O2 it undergoes physical and chemical changes. The carbon chains in biomass are fused together and condensed to form aromatic moieties (as in graphite) which are connected via aliphatic chains and about (50%) of biomass carbon retains in the char. In contrast, during burning the biomass carbon is converted to CO2 in presence of O2 and 97% carbon is lost. Difference between biochar technology and biomass burning to ash B...
Pedosphere, 2015
Biochar effects on legume growth and biological nitrogen fixation have been studied extensively, ... more Biochar effects on legume growth and biological nitrogen fixation have been studied extensively, mostly in acidic soils with laboratory produced biochar. In the present study, a pot experiment in a full factorial experimental design was performed to examine soybean yield and nodulation of three genotypes grown with or without biochar and NPK fertilizers in an alkaline soil. We observed synergistic effects of biochar and NPK fertilizer applications on biomass and seed yields for all three soybean genotypes. Total biomass production and seed yield increased on average by 67% and 54%, respectively, with biochar and by 201% and 182% with NPK fertilizer application compared to the control. When applications of biochar and NPK fertilizer were combined, the increases were 391% and 367%, respectively. However, the biomass production in the control was very low (692 kg ha −1) due to a high soil pH (8.80). The nodulation increased with biochar and NPK fertilizer applications, and was largest with the combined application. A correlation was found between leaf chlorophyll content (single photon avalanche diode value) and nodule number. We suggested that the synergistic increase in yield was due to a decrease in soil pH caused by biochar and NPK fertilizer applications thereby increasing P availability in this alkaline soil.
The Agriculturists, 2011
Twenty rice landraces collected from different ecological regions of Bangladesh were studied to a... more Twenty rice landraces collected from different ecological regions of Bangladesh were studied to assess the nature and magnitude of genetic divergence among them. Based on twelve characters, the genotypes were grouped into five clusters. No parallel relationship between genetic and geographical divergence was observed. Inter-cluster distances were higher than the intra-cluster distances reflecting wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. The genotypes under cluster IV showed highest divergence among them as it exhibited highest intra-cluster distance. High level of inter-cluster distance was found between cluster II and V and between cluster I and III. Number of filled grains number /panicle, number of panicles/plant, biomass index and grain yield contributed considerably towards total divergence. Germplasm having these characters in the genetically distant cluster could, therefore, offer a significant scope for the development of high yielder through judiciou...
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2014
Sustainability
The effects of nitrification inhibitor in tea gardens with different urea–N rates have rarely bee... more The effects of nitrification inhibitor in tea gardens with different urea–N rates have rarely been assessed. For eight months, a glasshouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of a nitrification inhibitor (3, 4–dimethylpyrazole phosphate, DMPP) on the changes of soil pH and inorganic N loss. Urea (0, 300, 500, and 800 kg N ha−1) with or without DMPP (1% of urea–N applied) were added to pots that hosted six plants that were three years old. Next, three leaching events were conducted with 600 mL of water after 7, 35, and 71 days of intervention while soil samples were collected to determine pH and inorganic N. Averaged across sampling dates, urea–N application at an increasing rate reduced soil pH with the lowest values at 800 kg urea–N ha−1. Adding DMPP increased soil pH up to a rate of 500 kg ha−1. Irrespective of the addition of DMPP, gradient urea–N application increased the leaching loss of inorganic N. On overage, DMPP increased soil pH and decreased leaching los...
Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
Agricultural Water Management
Statistics for Data Science and Policy Analysis
Biology and Fertility of Soils
Plant and Soil
Background Soil amendment with biochar can increase biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and improv... more Background Soil amendment with biochar can increase biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and improve growing conditions for legumes, while such effects may alter when biochar properties change with time (biochar aging). Methods We examined BNF and competitiveness of legumes in a mixed pasture (dominated by clover, Trifolium repens) after 26 months of biochar amendment (field aged biochar) and in a pot study with grass (Lolium perenne) and clover mixture using fresh and chemically aged biochars. Results In both studies, the fraction of N derived from symbiotic fixation (%Ndfa) was not affected by aged biochar treatments, while it reduced from 73% in the control to 68% with fresh biochar addition in the pot study. However, this reduction in %Ndfa was compensated with greater biomass production resulting in the largest amount of N fixed with fresh biochar application. The amount of N fixed was reduced by field aged biochar, although it was not affected by chemically aged biochars. Moreover, in the field study grasses became more competitive than legumes with biochar, while such an advantage by grasses was not observed in the pot study. Conclusions Aging of biochar can reduce BNF and competitiveness of legumes in mixed pastures with significant implications for pasture management. Keywords Pyrogenic carbon. Biochar aging. %Ndfa. Natural abundance of 15 N. Species dominance. Legume Abbreviations BNF Biological nitrogen fixation FBC Fresh biochar FABC Field aged biochar OBC Oxidized biochar CEC Cation exchange capacity %Ndfa Fraction of nitrogen derived from fixation (%) PCA Principal component analysis
Waste management (New York, N.Y.), Jan 10, 2018
Waste causes environmental pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions when it is not managed su... more Waste causes environmental pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions when it is not managed sustainably. In Bangladesh, municipal organic waste (MOW) is partially collected and landfilled. Thus, it causes deterioration of the environment urging a recycle-oriented waste management system. In this study, we propose a waste management system through pyrolysis of selective MOW for biochar production and composting of the remainder with biochar as an additive. We estimated the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) recycling potentials in the new techniques of waste management. Waste generation of a city was calculated using population density and per capita waste generation rate (PWGR). Two indicators of economic development, i.e., gross domestic product (GDP) and per capita gross national income (GNI) were used to adopt PWGR with a projected contribution of 5-20% to waste generation. The projected PWGR was then validated with a survey. The waste generation from u...
Biochar application to soil is increasingly attracting scientist’s attention for its multifaceted... more Biochar application to soil is increasingly attracting scientist’s attention for its multifaceted benefits from carbon sequestration to soil fertility improvement. However, the mechanistic understanding of high soil fertility and consequently high yield is still to be elucidated. The present study was aimed at reviewing the present state of knowledge regarding biochar effects on N and P availability with especial attention to potentiality, feasibility and justification of biochar addition to our soil. Biochar addition increases the mineral N retention due to NH4+ capture at cation exchange sites, NO3- adsorption in the base functional group at high pH or due to physical NO3- sorption. Microbial immobilization is also responsible for N retention and recycling. Phosphorous availability also increases after biochar amendment as it increases soil pH and releases of high charged small molecule humic acids. Biochar addition to our soil would be a potential option for increasing soil organ...
Sundarban is not only our pride and proud but also it is the most important natural defense again... more Sundarban is not only our pride and proud but also it is the most important natural defense against natural calamities. We still have the live memory of cyclone Sidr which took heavy trolls in the coastal districts including more than 4000 lives. It could have been many times higher if the Sundarban might not protect us. After the biggest oil spill even in Shila River, we are criticizing and making comments on how it has been happen and what could have been done. But, unfortunately, we are not focusing on how to resolve it immediately. Here, I am putting some ideas which might be considered for restoring life in Sandarban. Three steps management strategies -first, removal of oil from the spot; second, reduction of oil toxicity and finally, biodegradation of oil can be taken. Physical removal of oil The first task would be removal of oil as much as possible using skimmer and adsorbent. We can use our traditional net or clothes skimmers although there are modern skimmers available now...
The city corporation election was held recently. If we analyse manifestos of all candidates, prob... more The city corporation election was held recently. If we analyse manifestos of all candidates, probably we will get one point common mentioning clean city programme. Unfortunately, there is no outline about how the manifesto will be manifested. Here, the author would like to propose a sustainable clean city programme with utilization of organic wastes for agricultural uses. Waste generation scenario of Bangladesh Every day we are generating wastes from our daily leftover uses. In Bangladesh, the per capita waste generation is 0.5 kg per day. However, in a recent study, it is claimed to be 0.54 kg per
Biochar and its concept: Biochar is a term synonymously used for charcoal, char and agri-char. As... more Biochar and its concept: Biochar is a term synonymously used for charcoal, char and agri-char. As described by International Biochar Initiatives (IBI), it is charcoal made from pyrolysis of biomass and purposefully applied to soil for soil fertility improvement and attaining environmental gain. Basically, biochar is pyrolysed biomass. Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of biomass i.e. biomass is conversed to char, syngas (mixture of H2, CO, CH4 and CO2) and bio-oil with heat energy in absence of O2. When biomass is subjected to heating under limited or absence of O2 it undergoes physical and chemical changes. The carbon chains in biomass are fused together and condensed to form aromatic moieties (as in graphite) which are connected via aliphatic chains and about (50%) of biomass carbon retains in the char. In contrast, during burning the biomass carbon is converted to CO2 in presence of O2 and 97% carbon is lost. Difference between biochar technology and biomass burning to ash B...
Pedosphere, 2015
Biochar effects on legume growth and biological nitrogen fixation have been studied extensively, ... more Biochar effects on legume growth and biological nitrogen fixation have been studied extensively, mostly in acidic soils with laboratory produced biochar. In the present study, a pot experiment in a full factorial experimental design was performed to examine soybean yield and nodulation of three genotypes grown with or without biochar and NPK fertilizers in an alkaline soil. We observed synergistic effects of biochar and NPK fertilizer applications on biomass and seed yields for all three soybean genotypes. Total biomass production and seed yield increased on average by 67% and 54%, respectively, with biochar and by 201% and 182% with NPK fertilizer application compared to the control. When applications of biochar and NPK fertilizer were combined, the increases were 391% and 367%, respectively. However, the biomass production in the control was very low (692 kg ha −1) due to a high soil pH (8.80). The nodulation increased with biochar and NPK fertilizer applications, and was largest with the combined application. A correlation was found between leaf chlorophyll content (single photon avalanche diode value) and nodule number. We suggested that the synergistic increase in yield was due to a decrease in soil pH caused by biochar and NPK fertilizer applications thereby increasing P availability in this alkaline soil.
The Agriculturists, 2011
Twenty rice landraces collected from different ecological regions of Bangladesh were studied to a... more Twenty rice landraces collected from different ecological regions of Bangladesh were studied to assess the nature and magnitude of genetic divergence among them. Based on twelve characters, the genotypes were grouped into five clusters. No parallel relationship between genetic and geographical divergence was observed. Inter-cluster distances were higher than the intra-cluster distances reflecting wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. The genotypes under cluster IV showed highest divergence among them as it exhibited highest intra-cluster distance. High level of inter-cluster distance was found between cluster II and V and between cluster I and III. Number of filled grains number /panicle, number of panicles/plant, biomass index and grain yield contributed considerably towards total divergence. Germplasm having these characters in the genetically distant cluster could, therefore, offer a significant scope for the development of high yielder through judiciou...