Regulation of ErbB-4 endocytosis by neuregulin in GABAergic hippocampal interneurons - PubMed (original) (raw)
Regulation of ErbB-4 endocytosis by neuregulin in GABAergic hippocampal interneurons
M Longart et al. Brain Res Bull. 2007.
Abstract
Neuregulin (NRG)/ErbB receptor signaling pathways have recently been implicated in the reversal of long-term potentiation at hippocampal glutamatergic synapses. Moreover, polymorphisms in NRG-1 and ErbB-4 genes have been linked to an increased risk for developing schizophrenia. ErbB-4 is highly expressed at glutamatergic synapses where it binds to PSD-95 via its carboxyl terminal T-V-V sequence. Here we investigated the expression, localization and trafficking of ErbB-4 in cultured hippocampal neurons by immunocytochemistry, surface protein biotinylation, and live labeling of native receptors. We show that neuronal ErbB-4 is detected at its highest levels in GABAergic interneurons, as observed in vivo. ErbB-4 immunoreactivity precedes PSD-95 expression, with ErbB-4 cluster initially forming in the absence of, but later associating with, PSD-95-positive puncta. By surface protein biotinylation, the fraction of ErbB-4 receptors on the plasma membrane increases from 30% to 65% between 6 and 16 days in vitro (DIV). Interestingly, 30 min of NRG stimulation triggers measurable ErbB-4 receptor internalization at DIV 16, despite increased colocalization with PSD-95. We also investigated the role of TNFalpha-converting enzyme (TACE)-mediated receptor processing in regulating ErbB-4 surface expression. We found that the cleavage-resistant JM-b isoform accounts for 80% of all ErbB-4 transcripts in cultured hippocampal neurons. Receptor stimulation or treatment with phorbol esters does not induce detectable ErbB-4 processing, indicating that neurons mostly rely on endocytosis of the intact receptor to regulate ErbB-4 surface expression. These results enhance our understanding of the regulation of ErbB-4--mediated signaling at glutamatergic synapses.
Figures
Figure 1. ErbB-4 is expressed in GABAergic interneurons
A, Double immunofluorescence labeling of DIV 14 hippocampal neurons with antibodies against ErbB-4 (red) and GABA (green). Scale bar = 20 μm. B, Quantitative analysis of co-expression of ErbB-4 and GABA. The sum of all cells positive for ErbB-4 or GABA was set as 100%. Data represent the mean ±SD of 1004 cells counted in 5 independent experiments.
Figure 2. Regulation of ErbB-4 and PSD-95 expression in developing hippocampal neurons
A, (Top) Representative Western blots of whole cell lysates from DIV 5 – 21 neurons, probed with antibodies against ErbB-4 and PSD-95. Equal amounts of protein, as determined by a colorimetric protein assay (Bradford), were loaded in each lane. (Bottom) Quantitative analysis of Western blots. Relative expression levels of ErbB-4 (open circles) and PSD-95 (open rectangles) at DIV 5 were arbitrarily defined as 1. Each data point represents the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. B, Double immunofluorescence of ErbB-4 (green) and PSD-95 (red) in dendritic processes at DIV 5, 8, and 22. Arrows indicate areas of colocalization (yellow) between ErbB-4 and PSD-95. Scale bar = 5 μm.
Figure 3. Surface expression of ErbB-4 in young and mature hippocampal neurons
A, Representative Western blots of surface-biotinylated DIV 6 and DIV 16 hippocampal neurons probed with a polyclonal antibody against the carboxyl terminus of ErbB-4. To control for linearity, 12.5%, 25%, and 50% fractions of the total protein input (T) before biotin / streptavidin pulldown were loaded in the first three lanes. I, supernatant after fractionation representing unbiotinylated internal proteins; S, pulldown fraction representing biotinylated surface proteins. To affirm that biotinylation was restricted to surface proteins, blots were re-probed with a monoclonal antibody against a cytosolic marker (tubulin). B, Quantitative analysis of ErbB-4 surface expression. ErbB-4 levels in total input fractions were set as 100%. Bars represent the mean ± S.D. from 7 and 6 independent xperiments for DIV 6 and DIV 16, respectively.
Figure 4. Surface expression of ErbB-4 in NRG-stimulated neurons
A, Representative Western blots of surface fractions from DIV 6 and DIV 16 neurons treated with 5 nM NRG1 peptide for 30 minutes and biotinylated as described in Figure 3. Two representative examples of surface ErbB-4 expression are shown for NRG-treated cultures (N) and vehicle-treated controls (C). B, Quantitative analysis of ErbB-4 surface expression in response to NRG peptide treatment. Surface ErbB-4 levels in controls were set as 100% (black bar), and compared to surface ErbB-4 levels after NRG treatment at DIV 6 (open bar) and DIV 16 (gray bar). Data represent the mean ± SD from 12 and 10 independent experiments for DIV 6 and DIV 16, respectively. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.
Figure 5. Internalization of activated ErbB-4 in live-labeled neurons
A, Effect of ab77 on ErbB-4 autophosphorylation in dissociated hippocampal neurons. DIV 8 neurons were incubated for 30 minutes at 37ºC with 1 or 0.4 μg/ml of mouse monoclonal antibodies ab77 or ab72, as indicated. ErbB-4 was immunoprecipitated using C-18 polyclonal antibody against the carboxyl terminus, and Western blots were probed for phosphotyrosine. For reference, neurons were stimulated with 5 or 25 nM NRG peptide as indicated. B. Double immunofluorescence of surface and internalized ErbB-4 receptors from representative dendritic areas of hippocampal neurons after NRG stimulation. Surface ErbB-4 receptors were labeled in live DIV 6 and DIV 16 neurons at 15ºC with Alexa 594-conjugated antibody ab77. Following NRG (N) or vehicle (C) treatment at 37ºC, cells were fixed and incubated with an Alexa 488-conjugated secondary antibody against mouse IgG. Yellow puncta (arrowheads) represent surface receptors and red puncta (arrows) represent receptors internalized during the treatment. Scale bar = 5 μm. C, Quantitative analysis of antibody feeding experiments. Data represent relative ErbB-4 abundance at the surface (black bars) and in internal compartments (gray bars). Values represent the mean ± SEM from 3 independent experiments (total number of ROIs analyzed: 99 (C) and 95 (N) for DIV 6; 94 (C) and 90 (N) for DIV 16). *, <0.05; **, <0.01.
Figure 6. Cultured hippocampal neurons predominantly express the JM-b isoform and are resistant to NRG or phorbol ester-mediated processing
A, Representative RT-PCR of ErbB-4 JM-a/b splice variants. Lengths (in bp) of JM-a and JM-b PCR products are indicated (right). Lane 1, DIV 22 rat hippocampal neurons; lane 2, JM-a plasmid control; lane 3, JM-b plasmid control; lane 4, negative control; M, 100 bp DNA ladder. B, Expression of JM isoforms in hippocampal neurons cultured for different times (DIV 6, 16, 22), and in adult mouse whole brain. Relative expression levels were calculated from phosphorimager scans of RT-PCR products radioactively labeled with a probe common to both PCR products. Bars represent the mean ± SD of data collected from three different PCR cycles (cycles 26, 28, 30). C, Western blot analysis of ErbB-4 processing in NRG and PMA-stimulated neurons. DIV 5 and DIV 28 hippocampal neurons were treated for 30 minutes with 5 nM NRG peptide or 1μM PMA in the presence or absence of the TACE inhibitor TAPI-2 (12.5 μM). Proteins from cell lysates were blotted and probed with the C-18 antibody against the carboxyl terminus of ErbB-4. The black arrow indicates the molecular mass of the full-length ErbB-4 protein (180 kDa). The gray arrow marks the position of the expected 80 kDa fragment resulting from TACE-mediated proteolytic processing. The black arrowhead indicates a nonspecific band (ns) of approximately 70 kDa molecular mass that was present in all samples.
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