Diversity and function of bacterial microbiota in the mosquito holobiont - PubMed (original) (raw)

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Diversity and function of bacterial microbiota in the mosquito holobiont

Guillaume Minard et al. Parasit Vectors. 2013.

Abstract

Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) have been shown to host diverse bacterial communities that vary depending on the sex of the mosquito, the developmental stage, and ecological factors. Some studies have suggested a potential role of microbiota in the nutritional, developmental and reproductive biology of mosquitoes. Here, we present a review of the diversity and functions of mosquito-associated bacteria across multiple variation factors, emphasizing recent findings. Mosquito microbiota is considered in the context of possible extended phenotypes conferred on the insect hosts that allow niche diversification and rapid adaptive evolution in other insects. These kinds of observations have prompted the recent development of new mosquito control methods based on the use of symbiotically-modified mosquitoes to interfere with pathogen transmission or reduce the host life span and reproduction. New opportunities for exploiting bacterial function for vector control are highlighted.

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Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1

Bacterial genera identified in Culicidae . Bacteria were classified according to their phyla based on branching in the 16S rRNA sequence phylogenetic tree with names shown in color as follows: Proteobacteria (red), Bacteroidetes (blue), Actinobacteria (brown), [Firmicutes, Tenericutes and Fusobacteria] (green), Cyanobacteria (purple) and Deinococcus-Thermus (yellow). The maximum-likelihood tree was built with an HKY model using 100 bootstraps. A 16S rRNA sequence from Desulfurococcus (Archaebacteria) was used as the tree outgroup.

Figure 2

Figure 2

Phylogenetic dendrograms of bacteria identified in mosquito adults. Bacterial genera are classified according to mosquito sex of Ae. albopictus (A) and An. stephensi (B). Names of bacteria identified only in males (blue), only in females (red) or in both males and females (purple) are given. The tree was constructed using the maximum likelihood method with HKY model using 100 bootstraps. Bootstrap values (60% or above) are shown at branch points. Desulfurococcus (Archaebacteria) was used as the outgroup.

Figure 3

Figure 3

Phylogenetic dendrogram of bacterial genera identified in An. stephensi and An. gambiae according to mosquito developmental stage. Names of bacteria are shown in color as follows: Proteobacteria (red), Bacteroidetes (blue), Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Tenericutes (green), Cyanobacteria (purple), Fusobacteria (orange) and Deinococcus-Thermus (yellow). The tree was constructed using the maximum likelihood method with HKY model using 100 bootstraps. Desulfurococcus (Archaebacteria) was used as the outgroup.

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