Cardioprotective Effects of Tualang Honey: Amelioration of Cholesterol and Cardiac Enzymes Levels - PubMed (original) (raw)

Cardioprotective Effects of Tualang Honey: Amelioration of Cholesterol and Cardiac Enzymes Levels

Md Ibrahim Khalil et al. Biomed Res Int. 2015.

Abstract

The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of Malaysian Tualang honey against isoproterenol- (ISO-) induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats by investigating changes in the levels of cardiac marker enzymes, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), lipid peroxidation (LPO) products, and antioxidant defense system combined with histopathological examination. Male albino Wistar rats (n = 40) were pretreated orally with Tualang honey (3 g/kg/day) for 45 days. Subcutaneous injection of ISO (85 mg/kg in saline) for two consecutive days caused a significant increase in serum cardiac marker enzymes (creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and aspartate transaminase (AST)), cTnI, serum TC, and TG levels. In addition, ISO-induced myocardial injury was confirmed by a significant increase in heart lipid peroxidation (LPO) products (TBARS) and a significant decrease in antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx, GRx, and GST). Pretreatment of ischemic rats with Tualang honey conferred significant protective effects on all of the investigated biochemical parameters. The biochemical findings were further confirmed by histopathological examination in both Tualang-honey-pretreated and ISO-treated hearts. The present study demonstrates that Tualang honey confers cardioprotective effects on ISO-induced oxidative stress by contributing to endogenous antioxidant enzyme activity via inhibition of lipid peroxidation.

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Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1

The cardioprotective effects of TH and cTnI levels in rats, measured using ELISA method. The bars represent the mean ± SD (n = 10); bars with different letters are significantly different at p < 0.05.

Figure 2

Figure 2

The protective effects of TH on serum TC and TG levels in rats, estimated directly using standard assay kit. The bars represent the mean ± SD (n = 10); bars with different letters are significantly different at p < 0.05.

Figure 3

Figure 3

Effect of TH on histopathological changes observed on the ventricular wall of heart muscle. (a) Group 1: photomicrograph of histopathological examination of stained myocardial tissue section from normal control rats showing normal cardiac muscle fibers. (b) Group 2: TH-treated (3 g/kg) heart showing normal cardiac muscle fibers with no pathological changes. (c) Group 3: ISO alone (85 mg/kg) treated heart showing separation of cardiac muscle fibers (blue arrows) and edematous intramuscular spaces (black arrows) with infiltration of inflammatory cells (green arrows). (d) Group 4: honey + ISO-treated heart, indicating that TH conferred some cardioprotection; markedly increased areas of normal muscle fibers can be observed. (Magnification: 40x).

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