Effects of Dietary Protein and Fat Content on Intrahepatocellular and Intramyocellular Lipids during a 6-Day Hypercaloric, High Sucrose Diet: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Normal Weight Healthy Subjects - PubMed (original) (raw)

Randomized Controlled Trial

doi: 10.3390/nu11010209.

Prasanthi Jegatheesan 2, Vanessa Campos 3, Anne-Sophie Marques 4, Léonie Egli 5, Jérémy Cros 6, Robin Rosset 7, Virgile Lecoultre 8, Roland Kreis 9, Chris Boesch 10, Bertrand Pouymayou 11, Philippe Schneiter 12, Luc Tappy 13

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Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of Dietary Protein and Fat Content on Intrahepatocellular and Intramyocellular Lipids during a 6-Day Hypercaloric, High Sucrose Diet: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Normal Weight Healthy Subjects

Anna Surowska et al. Nutrients. 2019.

Abstract

Sucrose overfeeding increases intrahepatocellular (IHCL) and intramyocellular (IMCL) lipid concentrations in healthy subjects. We hypothesized that these effects would be modulated by diet protein/fat content. Twelve healthy men and women were studied on two occasions in a randomized, cross-over trial. On each occasion, they received a 3-day 12% protein weight maintenance diet (WM) followed by a 6-day hypercaloric high sucrose diet (150% energy requirements). On one occasion the hypercaloric diet contained 5% protein and 25% fat (low protein-high fat, LP-HF), on the other occasion it contained 20% protein and 10% fat (high protein-low fat, HP-LF). IHCL and IMCL concentrations (magnetic resonance spectroscopy) and energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry) were measured after WM, and again after HP-LF/LP-HF. IHCL increased from 25.0 ± 3.6 after WM to 147.1 ± 26.9 mmol/kg wet weight (ww) after LP-HF and from 30.3 ± 7.7 to 57.8 ± 14.8 after HP-LF (two-way ANOVA with interaction: p < 0.001 overfeeding x protein/fat content). IMCL increased from 7.1 ± 0.6 to 8.8 ± 0.7 mmol/kg ww after LP-HF and from 6.2 ± 0.6 to 6.9 ± 0.6 after HP-LF, (p < 0.002). These results indicate that liver and muscle fat deposition is enhanced when sucrose overfeeding is associated with a low protein, high fat diet compared to a high protein, low fat diet.

Keywords: dietary fat content; dietary protein content; energy expenditure; hepatic steatosis; intrahepatocellular lipids; intramyocellular lipids; plasma triglyceride; sucrose overfeeding.

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Conflict of interest statement

L.T. has received research support from Soremartec Italia srl for projects unrelated to this report, and speakers’ fees from Soremartec Italia srl, Nestlé AG, Switzerland, and the Gatorade Sport Science Institute, USA. L.E. and V.C. are presently employed by Nestec SA, Switzerland. Other authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1

Experimental protocol. Each participant took part in two overfeeding periods according to a randomized, cross-over design. WM: weight maintenance diet, LP-HF: hypercaloric (150% energy requirement high-sucrose, low protein-high fat); HP-LF: hypercaloric (150% energy requirement high-sucrose, high protein-low fat); MRS: magnetic resonance spectroscopy for measurement of IHCL and IMCL; M. test: metabolic test, consisting of measurements of energy expenditure, plasma hormones, and substrate concentrations after ingestion of WM meal providing 40% of total energy requirements (D0), or LP-HF/HP-LF meals providing 60% of total energy requirements.

Figure 2

Figure 2

Schema of metabolic tests at D0 and D7.

Figure 3

Figure 3

Intrahepatocellular (IHCL) (a) and intramyocellular (IMCL) lipids (b) in response to weight maintaining diet (WMLP-HF and WMHP-LF) and overfeeding with LP-HF and HP-LF. n = 12; significant responses from WMLP-HF and WMHP-LF were measured by 2-way ANOVA for repeated measures with interaction. *: p < 0.001, interaction overfeeding × protein/fat content. $: p < 0.005, Tukey post hoc tests.

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