The enterotoxin from Clostridium difficile (ToxA) monoglucosylates the Rho proteins - PubMed (original) (raw)
. 1995 Jun 9;270(23):13932-6.
doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.23.13932.
Affiliations
- PMID: 7775453
- DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.23.13932
Free article
The enterotoxin from Clostridium difficile (ToxA) monoglucosylates the Rho proteins
I Just et al. J Biol Chem. 1995.
Free article
Abstract
The enterotoxin from Clostridium difficile (ToxA) is one of the causative agents of the antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. In cultured monolayer cells ToxA exhibits cytotoxic activity to induce disassembly of the actin cytoskeleton, which is accompanied by morphological changes. ToxA-induced depolymerization of actin filaments is correlated with a decrease in the ADP-ribosylation of the low molecular mass GTP-binding Rho proteins (Just, I., Selzer, J., von Eichel-Streiber, C., and Aktories, K. (1995) J. Clin. Invest. 95, 1026-1031). Here we report on the identification of the ToxA-induced modification of Rho. Applying electrospray mass spectrometry, the mass of the modification was determined as 162 Da, which is consistent with the incorporation of a hexose into Rho. From several hexoses tested UDP-glucose selectively served as cosubstrate for ToxA-catalyzed modification. The acceptor amino acid of glucosylation was identified from a Lys-C-generated peptide by tandem mass spectrometry as Thr-37. Mutation of Thr-37 to Ala completely abolished glucosylation. The members of the Rho family (RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42Hs) were substrates for ToxA, whereas H-Ras, Rab5, and Arf1 were not glucosylated. ToxA-catalyzed glucosylation of lysates from ToxA-pretreated rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) cells resulted in a decreased incorporation of [14C]glucose, indicating previous glucosylation in the intact cell. Glucosylation of the Rho subtype proteins appears to be the molecular mechanism by which C. difficile ToxA mediates its cytotoxic effects on cells.
Similar articles
- Involvement of Ras-related Rho proteins in the mechanisms of action of Clostridium difficile toxin A and toxin B.
Dillon ST, Rubin EJ, Yakubovich M, Pothoulakis C, LaMont JT, Feig LA, Gilbert RJ. Dillon ST, et al. Infect Immun. 1995 Apr;63(4):1421-6. doi: 10.1128/iai.63.4.1421-1426.1995. Infect Immun. 1995. PMID: 7890404 Free PMC article. - Clostridium novyi alpha-toxin-catalyzed incorporation of GlcNAc into Rho subfamily proteins.
Selzer J, Hofmann F, Rex G, Wilm M, Mann M, Just I, Aktories K. Selzer J, et al. J Biol Chem. 1996 Oct 11;271(41):25173-7. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.41.25173. J Biol Chem. 1996. PMID: 8810274 - The low molecular mass GTP-binding protein Rho is affected by toxin A from Clostridium difficile.
Just I, Selzer J, von Eichel-Streiber C, Aktories K. Just I, et al. J Clin Invest. 1995 Mar;95(3):1026-31. doi: 10.1172/JCI117747. J Clin Invest. 1995. PMID: 7883950 Free PMC article. - Bacterial protein toxins inhibiting low-molecular-mass GTP-binding proteins.
Just I, Hofmann F, Genth H, Gerhard R. Just I, et al. Int J Med Microbiol. 2001 Sep;291(4):243-50. doi: 10.1078/1438-4221-00127. Int J Med Microbiol. 2001. PMID: 11680784 Review. - Clostridium difficile Toxin Biology.
Aktories K, Schwan C, Jank T. Aktories K, et al. Annu Rev Microbiol. 2017 Sep 8;71:281-307. doi: 10.1146/annurev-micro-090816-093458. Epub 2017 Jun 28. Annu Rev Microbiol. 2017. PMID: 28657883 Review.
Cited by
- Flagellar switch inverted repeat impacts flagellar invertibility and varies Clostridioides difficile RT027/MLST1 virulence.
Nhu NTQ, Lin H, Pigli Y, Sia JK, Kuhn P, Snitkin ES, Young V, Kamboj M, Pamer EG, Rice PA, Shen A, Dong Q. Nhu NTQ, et al. bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2024 Sep 24:2023.06.22.546185. doi: 10.1101/2023.06.22.546185. bioRxiv. 2024. PMID: 39386689 Free PMC article. Preprint. - Borrelia burgdorferi 0755, a Novel Cytotoxin with Unknown Function in Lyme Disease.
Donta ST. Donta ST. Toxins (Basel). 2024 May 21;16(6):233. doi: 10.3390/toxins16060233. Toxins (Basel). 2024. PMID: 38922128 Free PMC article. - Multimodal vaccination targeting the receptor binding domains of Clostridioides difficile toxins A and B with an attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium vector (YS1646) protects mice from lethal challenge.
Winter K, Houle S, Dozois CM, Ward BJ. Winter K, et al. Microbiol Spectr. 2024 Feb 6;12(2):e0310922. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.03109-22. Epub 2024 Jan 8. Microbiol Spectr. 2024. PMID: 38189293 Free PMC article. - An Updated View on the Cellular Uptake and Mode-of-Action of Clostridioides difficile Toxins.
Papatheodorou P, Minton NP, Aktories K, Barth H. Papatheodorou P, et al. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1435:219-247. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-42108-2_11. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024. PMID: 38175478 - Structure and activation mechanism of the Makes caterpillars floppy 1 toxin.
Belyy A, Heilen P, Hagel P, Hofnagel O, Raunser S. Belyy A, et al. Nat Commun. 2023 Dec 12;14(1):8226. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-44069-2. Nat Commun. 2023. PMID: 38086871 Free PMC article.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Substances
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Molecular Biology Databases
Research Materials
Miscellaneous