Alexandra Kozak | Institute of Archaeology of Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences (original) (raw)

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Papers by Alexandra Kozak

Radiocarbon, Apr 29, 2024

Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine

The remains of 8 individuals were identified in the Bilyi Potik and Ozeriany burial complexes dis... more The remains of 8 individuals were identified in the Bilyi Potik and Ozeriany burial complexes discovered in 2020—2021. Five of them were identified as males and two as females. Some teeth of an elder child were also discovered. The paleopathological study revealed a set of diseases typical of the Ukrainian Globular Amphorae Culture (GAC). Among them are respiratory infections, middle ear closure, and traces of infections, possibly of zoonotic origin. The skull injuries are likely to be of domestic nature. In one case the traces of a healed trepanation were found. This operation has not been described in the GAC population before although it has been found in the Yamnaya culture and was widespread among the population of the Сatacomb culture of Ukraine. Given the complexity of population formation and the wide area of the culture, in order to identify anthropological connections of this small group of the Podillia population the morphological research was conducted. The most preserve...

Hadak útján XXIV. : A népvándorláskor fiatal kutatóinak XXIV. konferenciája. Esztergom, 2014. november 4–6.

Baltic-Pontic Studies

Discussed in the article, the multi-burial grave from Ilyatka (Staraya Sinyava district, Khmelnyt... more Discussed in the article, the multi-burial grave from Ilyatka (Staraya Sinyava district, Khmelnytskyi province, Ukraine) is the first feature of the Globular Amphora culture in the drainage basin of the upper Southern Bug to be subjected to comprehensive bioarchaeological and chronological analyses. The time when the remains of seven people (four men and three women) were deposited in it was determined to be 2700–2550 BC. The feature is part of a small site cluster on the upper Southern Bug, made up of 16 sites. The importance of the cluster follows from its location in one of the crucial communication hubs of the Ukrainian forest-steppe. This makes the cluster vital for the exploration of the forest-steppe settlement by Globular Amphora communities, their expansion towards the middle Dnieper area, and connections to Yamnaya culture groups.

Anthropologischer Anzeiger , 2023

This paper underlines the importance of the small sample effects consideration in paleopathologic... more This paper underlines the importance of the small sample effects consideration in paleopathological research providing an example of children from Kyiv Rus' cemeteries dated to the 10 th-13 th century AD. The study presents data introduction and systematization, i.e., construction of the statistically significant disease profiles combining the analyzed sites according to the distribution of anemia, scurvy, and rickets. Then we present usually provided (often 'associative') interpretations for the obtained results and question their reliability from the perspective of the small samples effects. This leads to the discussion of explanatory limits of bioarcheological research basing on the small sample analysis.

Stratum plus. Археология и культурная антропология, 2016

This article reviews and analyzes cases of traumas on the sculls from Catacomb culture burials di... more This article reviews and analyzes cases of traumas on the sculls from Catacomb culture burials discovered by Ordzhonikidze archaeological expedition in 1999-2007.Метою статті є опис та аналіз травм на черепах з поховань катакомбної культурно-історичної спільності з розкопок Орджонікідзевської археологічної експедиції 1999-2007 рр. в пониззі басейну р. Базавлук

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2005

Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, 2020

Introduction. The aim of the study is to identify the causes of differences in the diseases profi... more Introduction. The aim of the study is to identify the causes of differences in the diseases profile, as well as sex and age indicators of different groups of people of the Yamnaja and Babino cultures buried in Sugoklea barrow on the border of the steppe and forest-steppe areals of the Nothern Pontic region. Methods. The basic classical methods for determining the individual sex, age and body height are used in the study. In the paleopathological part the frequency of dental, metabolic and infectious diseases was evaluated. Analysis. The people of the Yamnaja culture buried in Sugoklea barrow represent a “randomly formed” group. The average age of death in men of the Yamnaja group is 45.7. In adults of the early group penetrating head injuries, traces of routine infections, and oncological diseases are determined; in children, the consequences of infections and deficient diseases caused by dietary restrictions during roaming are found. In the late group, several people show the sympt...

Radiocarbon, Apr 29, 2024

Archaeology and Early History of Ukraine

The remains of 8 individuals were identified in the Bilyi Potik and Ozeriany burial complexes dis... more The remains of 8 individuals were identified in the Bilyi Potik and Ozeriany burial complexes discovered in 2020—2021. Five of them were identified as males and two as females. Some teeth of an elder child were also discovered. The paleopathological study revealed a set of diseases typical of the Ukrainian Globular Amphorae Culture (GAC). Among them are respiratory infections, middle ear closure, and traces of infections, possibly of zoonotic origin. The skull injuries are likely to be of domestic nature. In one case the traces of a healed trepanation were found. This operation has not been described in the GAC population before although it has been found in the Yamnaya culture and was widespread among the population of the Сatacomb culture of Ukraine. Given the complexity of population formation and the wide area of the culture, in order to identify anthropological connections of this small group of the Podillia population the morphological research was conducted. The most preserve...

Hadak útján XXIV. : A népvándorláskor fiatal kutatóinak XXIV. konferenciája. Esztergom, 2014. november 4–6.

Baltic-Pontic Studies

Discussed in the article, the multi-burial grave from Ilyatka (Staraya Sinyava district, Khmelnyt... more Discussed in the article, the multi-burial grave from Ilyatka (Staraya Sinyava district, Khmelnytskyi province, Ukraine) is the first feature of the Globular Amphora culture in the drainage basin of the upper Southern Bug to be subjected to comprehensive bioarchaeological and chronological analyses. The time when the remains of seven people (four men and three women) were deposited in it was determined to be 2700–2550 BC. The feature is part of a small site cluster on the upper Southern Bug, made up of 16 sites. The importance of the cluster follows from its location in one of the crucial communication hubs of the Ukrainian forest-steppe. This makes the cluster vital for the exploration of the forest-steppe settlement by Globular Amphora communities, their expansion towards the middle Dnieper area, and connections to Yamnaya culture groups.

Anthropologischer Anzeiger , 2023

This paper underlines the importance of the small sample effects consideration in paleopathologic... more This paper underlines the importance of the small sample effects consideration in paleopathological research providing an example of children from Kyiv Rus' cemeteries dated to the 10 th-13 th century AD. The study presents data introduction and systematization, i.e., construction of the statistically significant disease profiles combining the analyzed sites according to the distribution of anemia, scurvy, and rickets. Then we present usually provided (often 'associative') interpretations for the obtained results and question their reliability from the perspective of the small samples effects. This leads to the discussion of explanatory limits of bioarcheological research basing on the small sample analysis.

Stratum plus. Археология и культурная антропология, 2016

This article reviews and analyzes cases of traumas on the sculls from Catacomb culture burials di... more This article reviews and analyzes cases of traumas on the sculls from Catacomb culture burials discovered by Ordzhonikidze archaeological expedition in 1999-2007.Метою статті є опис та аналіз травм на черепах з поховань катакомбної культурно-історичної спільності з розкопок Орджонікідзевської археологічної експедиції 1999-2007 рр. в пониззі басейну р. Базавлук

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2005

Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, 2020

Introduction. The aim of the study is to identify the causes of differences in the diseases profi... more Introduction. The aim of the study is to identify the causes of differences in the diseases profile, as well as sex and age indicators of different groups of people of the Yamnaja and Babino cultures buried in Sugoklea barrow on the border of the steppe and forest-steppe areals of the Nothern Pontic region. Methods. The basic classical methods for determining the individual sex, age and body height are used in the study. In the paleopathological part the frequency of dental, metabolic and infectious diseases was evaluated. Analysis. The people of the Yamnaja culture buried in Sugoklea barrow represent a “randomly formed” group. The average age of death in men of the Yamnaja group is 45.7. In adults of the early group penetrating head injuries, traces of routine infections, and oncological diseases are determined; in children, the consequences of infections and deficient diseases caused by dietary restrictions during roaming are found. In the late group, several people show the sympt...

In: Raue D, Seidlmayer S, Speiser P (eds). The First Cataract: One region – Diverse perspectives.

The text of reportes presented in Internetional scitific conference in Vynnyky, 2017

A paleopathological investigation on skeletal remains from the Old Kingdom mastabas of Elephantin... more A paleopathological investigation on skeletal remains from the Old Kingdom mastabas of Elephantine, Egyptian Nubia (approx. 2300 BC), revealed an adult male with specific lesions in the tibiae, fibulae and foot bones, characteristic of leprosy (MØLLER-CHRISTENSEN 1961;SCHULTZ, ROBERTS 2002)

A paleopathological investigation on skeletal remains from the Old Kingdom mastabas of Elephantin... more A paleopathological investigation on skeletal remains from the Old Kingdom mastabas of Elephantine, Egyptian Nubia (approx. 2300 BC), revealed an adult male with specific lesions in the tibiae, fibulae and foot bones, characteristic of leprosy (MØLLER-CHRISTENSEN 1961;SCHULTZ, ROBERTS 2002)

МЕТОДИ ПРИРОДНИЧИХ НАУК В АРХЕОЛОГІЇ Вступне слово (Ю.В. Болтрик, С.А. Горбаненко, І.Д. Потєхіна)... more МЕТОДИ ПРИРОДНИЧИХ НАУК В АРХЕОЛОГІЇ
Вступне слово (Ю.В. Болтрик, С.А. Горбаненко, І.Д. Потєхіна) (240—246)
Корінний В.І., Рудь В.С., Косаківський В.А. Петрографічні визначення знарядь праці з трипільських поселень Буго-Дністровського межиріччя (246—247)
Горбаненко С.А. Палеоетноботанічні визначення (248—252)
Сергєєва М.С. Палеодендрологічні та антракологічні дослідження (253—255)
Горобець Л.В. Дослідження решток птахів (256—257)
Яніш Є.Ю. Археозоологічні дослідження (258—261)
Потєхіна І.Д. Дослідження геному, дієти та резервуарного ефекту на матеріалах епох епіпалеоліту ― енеоліту Середнього і Нижнього Подніпров’я (261—262)
Потєхіна І.Д. Антропологічна експертиза нових матеріалів із поховальних пам’яток епох неоліту, енеоліту та ранньої бронзи (262—263)
Козак О.Д. Палеопатологічні дослідження антропологічних матеріалів з поховань доби бронзи — середньовіччя у 2014—2015 рр. (264—265)
Слободян Т.І. Антропологічний аналіз кремацій (дослідження 2014—2015 рр.) (265)
Рудич Т.О. Антропологічна експертиза (266—267)
Литвинова Л.В. Антропологічний матеріал із ґрунтового могильника Торговиця (268—269)
Вікторова П.Є. Палеопатологічні дослідження антропологічних матеріалів з поховань доби Київської Русі — середньовіччя у 2014—2015 рр. (269—270)
Мінейко О.В. Палеопатологічні та антропологічні дослідження матеріалів з поховань княжої — ранньомодерної доби, а також масових поховань ХХ ст. у Західній Україні (270—272)

The monograph is the publication and analysis of excavation materials of the 4th century BC Scyth... more The monograph is the publication and analysis of excavation materials of the 4th century BC Scythian royal Alexandropol kurgan near the village of Petrikovka in the Solonyansky district of the Dnepropetrovsk region, one of the most significant funerary monuments of the highest Scythian nobility of the royal level of the steppe Scythia. The burial mound was excavated by A.V. Tereshchenko and A.E. Lutzenko in 1852-1856 and investigated by the Scythian Steppe Archeological Expedition of the Institute of Archeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine headed by S.V. Polin in 2004-2009. To date, the only source of information about this kurgan has been the brief publication of I.E. Zabelin in 1866 and Y.E. Lazarevsky in 1894. The present volume includes full information about the excavations of the Scythian Royal Alexandropol kurgan in 1852-1856 and 2004-2009. The full detailed description of the excavations of the kurgan in 1852-1856 and the objects examined have been reconstructed on the basis of the documents of the Imperial Archaeological Commission, which are kept in the Manuscript Archive of the IIMK RAS in St. Petersburg. The volume also contains description and comparative analysis of the finds, as well as the results of excavations of the mound in 2004-2009. On the basis of latest data, the Aleksandropol Kurgan is dated within 330-300 BC according to Alexeev's chronology, or 340-330 BC based on S.V. Polin's research. The publication of finds from the Aleksandropol Kurgan stored at the Hermitage (St. Petersburg) and Kharkov Historical Museum, as well as at the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kiev) is supplemented by description and analysis of anthropological data (A.D. Kozak), archaeozoological materials (O. Kozak, O. P. Zhuravlev and V. B. Pankovsky), geological analysis of rock samples from the kurgan crepidoma (I. S. Nikitenko), the results of isotope analysis of animal bones from the kurgan (C. Gerling), as well as spatial characteristics of the Alexandropol kurgan (M. N. Daragan).

by Poltava Regional Department of Ukrainian Archaeologists Association, Iaroslav Volodarets-Urbanovich Ярослав Володарець-Урбанович, Sergiy Gorbanenko, Denis Grechko, Stanislav Zadnikov, Oleksii Kriutchenko, Yuriy Puholovok / Юрій Пуголовок, marina sergeeva, Iryna Shramko, Alexandra Kozak, and Евгений Осадчий

Вміщено наукові публікації за результатами археологічних досліджень, здійснених на Більському гор... more Вміщено наукові публікації за результатами археологічних досліджень, здійснених на Більському городищі та в його окрузі в 2016 році.
Для археологів, істориків, краєзнавців, фахівців пам’яткоохоронної справи, працівників музеїв, широкого загалу шанувальників стародавньої історії.

Томашевський, А. П., Козак, О. Д., Павленко, Л. В., Павленко, С. В., Чекановський, А. А. 2007. Завдання, дослідницькі програми і особливості Райковецького проекту. Науковий збірник «Велика Волинь», 37: Бердичівська земля у плині часу, 2, с. 116–122., 2007

The Hillfort fortified settlement of Old Rus’ period located near v. Rajky in Berdychiv district ... more The Hillfort fortified settlement of Old Rus’ period located near v. Rajky in Berdychiv district of Zhytomyr region were completely investigated in 1929-1935 years. Author of these researches T. M. Movchanivskyi was repressed by People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs in 1938 and was unable to complete and publish results of his investigations. This paper is a publishing of project directed on a new complex research and analysis and promulgation results of work done in 30-ty years of 20th cent. Main tasks and researcher programs of this project are observed.

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Городище давньоруського часу поблизу с. Райки Бердичівського району Житомирської області повністю досліджене в 1929-1935 рр. Автор досліджень Т.М. Мовчанівський був репресований органами НКВС у 1938 р. й не зміг повністю й ґрунтовно опублікувати результати досліджень. Дана робота є публікацією проекту новітнього комплексного дослідження та аналізу й оприлюднення результатів робіт 30-х рр. ХХ ст. Розглядаються основні завдання й дослідницькі програми проекту.

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Городище древнерусского времени вблизи с. Райки Бердичевского района Житомирской области полностью исследовано в 1929-1935 гг. Автор исследований Т.М. Молчановский был репрессирован органами НКВД в 1938 и не смог полностью и основательно опубликовать результаты исследований. Данная работа является публикацией проекта нового комплексного исследования и анализа и обнародования результатов работ 30-х гг. ХХ в. Рассматриваются основные задачи и исследовательские программы проекта.