Manoj Kumar | Ranchi University (original) (raw)

Publications by Manoj Kumar

Balneo and PRM Research Journal, 2023

Nanobiotechnology, an emerging stream, is an amalgamation of nanotechnology and biology. It invol... more Nanobiotechnology, an emerging stream, is an amalgamation of nanotechnology and biology. It involves synthesis of metallic nanoparticles mediated by biological materials of both plant and animal origins. The biological process of synthesis of nanoparticles is ecofriendly, requires less labor, and has many unique properties, derived from the biological matter used in their synthesis. The synthesis of metallic nanoparticles has to be followed by the characterization for different properties such as size, shape, capping materials, stability etc, which helps in clearly defining the synthesized nanoparticles on the basis of the observied properties. Keeping our past works, synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles in the background, we have reviewed different techniques utilized for characterization of metallic nanoparticles synthesized using biological agents. This review will serve as a comprehensive guide, assisting in better understanding techniques for characterization of metallic nanoparticles synthesized using biological agents.

Journal of Microbiology and Experimentation, 2023

The intensive use of pesticides and insecticides has become a regular practice in order to meet t... more The intensive use of pesticides and insecticides has become a regular practice in order to meet the rising food demands of a fast-expanding human population. Although these chemicals are always used against specific targets (pests/insects etc.) of plants and animals, they also encounter non-target (harmless/useful) plants and animals and thus negatively influence the surroundings. In the present study, the individual and combined impact of Imidacloprid and Dimethoate on soil respiration was studied. The results clearly indicate the diminishing impact of both Imidacloprid and Dimethoate on carbon dioxide evolution from the studied soil samples.

Aquatic ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to environmental change and many are, at present, ... more Aquatic ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to environmental change and many are, at present, severely degraded. The availability of good quality water is an indispensable feature for preventing disease and improving quality of life. The physico-chemical properties will also help in the identification of sources of pollution, for conducting further investigations on the ecobiological impacts and also for initiating necessary steps for remedial actions in case of polluted water bodies. Therefore, the nature and health of any aquatic community are an expression of quality of the water. The present study has been undertaken to evaluate physico-chemical parameters (pH, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, sulphate content, chloride content and phosphate content) in 5 water bodies in and around Ranchi – Patratu Dam, Kanke dam, Dhruwa dam, Ranchi Lake, Line-tank Lake.

It is essential for collection of blood samples from laboratory animals employed in wide range of... more It is essential for collection of blood samples from laboratory animals employed in wide range of scientific research. There is a no. of techniques available for blood sample collection from Rats/mice. The stress produced in animals during the blood collection may compromise with the research data which may invalidate the results. It is necessary that the blood sample collection is done by trained individuals so as to minimize the stress and other physiological reactions in the animals. This article reviews some of the common approved blood collection techniques for rats/mice.

In the present study Hepatoprotective activity of aqueous leaf extract of Punica grantum on total... more In the present study Hepatoprotective activity of aqueous leaf extract of Punica grantum on total protein, bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alanine phosphatise (ALP) in CCl4 intoxicated rat were studied. Administration of CCl4 showed significant increase (p<0.01) in liver marker enzymes in serum namely AST (52.30±1.15 to 107.2±13.7 IU/L), ALT (146.63±5.79 to 206.2±28.82 IU/L), ALP (176.24±5.8 to 508.2±10.22 IU/L) , bilirubin (0.52±0.09 to 2.61±0.27 mg/dl) and significantly decreased total protein (9.57±0.17 to 5.2±0.085 mg/dl), when compared to normal. Aqueous extract of Punica grantum at 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight showed significant increase in total protein (5.2±0.085 to 6.1±0.023; 6.5±0.033) as compared to CCl4 treated rats. The extract lowered enzyme levels which is designation of Hepatoprotective action of extract. The serum AST, ALT and ALP levels are reliable markers of liver function. Thus the present study concludes the aqueous leaf extract of Punica grantum to possess Hepatoprotective activity.

Abstract Punica granatum has been used for thousands of years to cure a wide range of diseases ac... more Abstract
Punica granatum has been used for thousands of years to cure a wide range of diseases across different cultures and civilizations. The leaves of Punica granatum are used to calm stomach disorders, combat diarrhea, dysentery and hemorrhages, conjunctivitis etc. Recently the synthesis of nanoparticles mediated by plant leaf extracts for medicinal purposes is gaining grounds. Many workers have reported that the silver nanopartlces synthesized by aqueous leaf extracts are medicinally more efficient as compared to the leaf extracts itself. Thus in this study we report the synthesis and characterization Punica granatum aqueous leaf extract mediated silver nanoparticles. For synthesis of the silver nanoparticles, the leaves of Punica granatum were collected and dried in shade and extracted in aqueous medium using Soxhlet extraction apparatus. The extract was used for synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The characterization of silver nanoparticles was done and the formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by change in the colour of solution from yellow to dark brown. The silver nanoparticles thus formed were subjected to UV-vis spectrophotometer, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Fourier-Transform Infra-red (FTIR) analysis for further characterization of the formed nanoparticles. Thus in this study we report the formation of silver nanoparticles in the range of 88.00 to 120nm and average size of particles were confirmed to be 98.93nm.
Keywords: nanoparticles, Ag, FTIR, SEM, UV-vis, Punica granatum

In the present study the synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated by aqueous leaf extracts of S... more In the present study the synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated by aqueous leaf extracts of Swertia chirayita is reported. Nanoparticles are particles having diameters below 100 nm. The nanoparticles formed were characterized using Uv-Vis spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope, Ft-IR and light scattering & Zeta potential analysis. A Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) peak was observed at 450 nm in Uv-Vis analysis. SEM analysis showed that the particles were spherical and cuboidal in shape and had diameter from 85-120 nm. The FT-IR analysis spectra peak were observed at 3,610.74 cm-1 , 3,089.96 cm-1 , 2,125.56 cm-1 , 166.50 cm-1 and 864.11 cm-1 , which corresponds to the presence of capping agents such as primary and secondary amines, hydroxyl compounds, flavonoids, alcoholic and phenolic compounds. The results of light scattering analysis also confirmed the formation of nanoscale particles. The zeta potential analysis showed a peak of-25 mV which demarcates the stability of the synthesized nanoparticles.

The present work was done as laboratory experiment to evaluate the efficacy of Nostoc carneum-a h... more The present work was done as laboratory experiment to evaluate the efficacy of Nostoc carneum-a heterocystous, nonpoisonous cyanobacterium as bioremedial agent of waste water particularly from removal of some commonly available heavy metals in industrial effluents of Jharkhand. The effluents were collected in sterile glass bottles and transported in cold condition to the laboratory for physicochemical analysis viz. pH, BOD, COD, Chloride, Sulphate and Phosphate. 3 sets of Erlenmeyer flasks were used for the experimental setup. 1st set having waste water without medium and algae represents control. To the 2nd set 100% waste water was added along with 50 mL of BG-11 medium (BNM) and 2mL of Nostoc carneum. One more set having 100% waste water, along with Nostoc but without BNM represents 3rd set. All the Erlenmeyer flasks were maintained at the temperature 25±2°C under continuous white light (2200lux) under aseptic condition. The experimental set ups were illuminated properly to facilitate the cyanobacterial growth. Initial pH value of effluent was 7.80 which become 8.3, 8.43 and 7.81 on 30th day respectively in 1st, 2nd and 3rd setup. Chloride shows 11.58%, 23.27% and 5.06% reduction from initial value, similarly deviations in values of other parameters of all the 3 setups are described in detail in research paper.

In the present study the aqueous leaf extracts of Swertia chirayita and Punica granatum were anal... more In the present study the aqueous leaf extracts of Swertia chirayita and Punica granatum were analyzed for antidiabetic activity against streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in albino rats. The blood glucose level was recorded before and after administration of drug. The
blood glucose levels of animals of group 4 was recorded before and after administration of glibenclamide. The results pellucidly
revealed that the leaf extracts of Swertia chirayita and Punica granatum act as antidiabetic agent. The blood glucose levels in Swertia chirayita and Punica granatum treated diabetic rats were 250.62 ± 2.35 mg/dl and
265.58 ± 3.00 mg/dl on day 0, which gradually decremented by the cessation of 21st day to 86.5 ± 2.85 mg/dl and 90.23 ± 2.03
mg/dl respectively. Thus it can be concluded that the aqueous leaf extracts of Swertia chirayita and Punica granatum act as antidiabetic agents, albeit their impact is less efficacious as compared to the standard drug glibenclamide, but their positive impact against
diabetes is a promising development, which may become a substratum of future medicines of plant inchoation for remedying diabetes.

The leaves of Adhatoda vasica were collected and dried in shade and extracted in aqueous medium u... more The leaves of Adhatoda vasica were collected and dried in shade and extracted in aqueous medium using Soxhlet extractor. The extract used for synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The characterization of silver nanoparticles was done. The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by change in the colour of solution from yellow to dark brown. The silver nanoparticles thus formed were subjected to UV-vis spectrophotometric, Scanning Electron Microscop (SEM) and Fourier-Transform Infra-red (FTIR) analysis for characterization of the formed nanoparticles. Thus formation of nanoparticles in the range of 63.25 to 110 nm and average size of particles were 89.93 nm.

The effect of aqueous Terminalia chebula fruit extract on hematological parameters in rat during ... more The effect of aqueous Terminalia chebula fruit extract on hematological parameters in rat during a seven day oral administration of the low dose of 250mg/kg and high dose of 500 mg/kg of body weight was investigated. The parameters evaluated include red and white blood indices. The result showed significant increase in TLC, neutrophil, eosinophil, total RBC, (Haemoglobin) Hb, (Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration) MCHC at the dose of 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg body weight when compared with control. Whereas lymphocyte, monocyte, basophil significantly varied and (Packed cell volume) PCV, (Mean corpuscular volume) MCV, (mean corpuscular haemoglobin) MCH and platelets showed non-significant changes in low dose as compared to control.The results of this study suggest that the fruit extract may have beneficial effect on leucocytosis and blood dependent disorders.

The effect of aqueous extract of bark of Terminalia arjuna on some hematlogical and immunological... more The effect of aqueous extract of bark of Terminalia arjuna on some hematlogical and immunological parameters in rats during a seven-day administration of the doses of 250mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight orally was investigated. The results showed significant increase in total leucocyte count, monocytes, eosinophil, monocytes, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corp. hemo. Conc, and platelet count in both the cases, when it was treated with low doses and high doses but in neutrophil, hematocrit significantly increased in case of low doses and reduced significantly with high doses and lymphocyte reduced with low doses and significantly increased in case of high doses. In Immunology, the IGG count showed no significant change in low dose, high dose as compared to control and non-significant changes when low dose compared to high dose. The IGM count showed significant changes in low dose, as compared to control; increased significantly in high dose, compared to control and non-significant changes observed in low dose as compared to high dose. The IGA count showed no significant changes when low dose, high dose was compared to control but increased significantly, when low dose compared to high dose. The results of this study suggest that the extracts showed beneficial effects on hematology and immunity related disorders and can be used in medicinal formulations.

In the present study the aqueous leaf extracts of Swertia chirayita and Punica granatum were anal... more In the present study the aqueous leaf extracts
of Swertia chirayita and Punica granatum were
analyzed for antidiabetic activity against
streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in albino
rats. The blood glucose level was recorded
before and after administration of drug. The
blood glucose levels of animals of group 4
was recorded before and after administration
of glibenclamide. The results pellucidly
revealed that the leaf extracts of Swertia
chirayita and Punica granatum act as
antidiabetic agent. The blood glucose levels in
Swertia chirayita and Punica granatum treated
diabetic rats were 250.62 � 2.35 mg/dl and
265.58 � 3.00 mg/dl on day 0, which
gradually decremented by the cessation of 21st
day to 86.5 � 2.85 mg/dl and 90.23 � 2.03
mg/dl respectively. Thus it can be concluded
that the aqueous leaf extracts of Swertia
chirayita and Punica granatum act as
antidiabetic agents, albeit their impact is less
efficacious as compared to the standard drug
glibenclamide, but their positive impact against
diabetes is a promising development, which
may become a substratum of future medicines
of plant inchoation for remedying diabetes.

The present study was undertaken to assess the antioxidant properties of aqueous leaf extracts of... more The present study was undertaken to assess the antioxidant properties of aqueous leaf extracts of Swertia chirayita and Punica granatum. The antioxidant activity of the aqueous leaf extracts were compared to BHA (Butylated hydroxyl anisole). The results revealed that the aqueous leaf extracts of Swertia chirayita and Punica granatum possesses strong antioxidant property. Thus the aqueous leaf extracts of Swertia chirayita and Punica granatum can be used as a source of antioxidants in diseases caused due failure of innate antioxidant system of the body.
KEY WORDS: Swertia chirayita, Punica granatum, antioxidants, BHA.

The effect of leaf extract of Vitex negundo on some haematological and serum lipid parameters in ... more The effect of leaf extract of Vitex negundo on some haematological and serum lipid parameters in rats during a seven day administration of doses, 250mg/ kg and 500mg/kg body weight was investigated. The extracts were fed orally. The parameters evaluated include serum lipids, red and white blood cell indices. The extract showed significant (p < 0.05) decrease in serum total cholesterol concentration, while it had no effect on serum HDL cholesterol concentration at all doses administered when compared with control. However, the extract significantly decreased (p < 0.05) serum triglycerol concentration at dose of 250mg/kg as well as at dose of 500mg/kg when compared with control. The leaf extract of Vitex negundo had significant effect on RBC, Hb, MCHC, PCV, MCV, neutrophils, basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes and eosinophil. The WBC level was significantly elevated (p >0.05) in the group treated with 500 mg/kg body weight of extract. The platelets also showed significant increase (p>0.05) in both the groups. Vitex negundo leaf extract showed positive haematological activities in rats and can be recommended to be used in medicinal formulations to cure atherosclerosis, anaemia and hypercholesterolemia and high-tryglyceride related cardiac diseases.

Synthesis of white nanoparticle mediated (WNPs) by ethnomychologially fungal extract is easier, c... more Synthesis of white nanoparticle mediated (WNPs) by ethnomychologially fungal extract is easier, cheaper and ecofriendly. Colour change from pale yellow to dark brown and highest absorption of spectrum at 200nm and a broad spectrum at 474 nm of UV-visible spectroscopy provides the first conformation about the synthesis of white nanoparticles. FT-IR spectroscopy showed broad transmission peak at 3263 cm-1 represents hydrogen bonded hydroxyl group (O-H and H-stretch) of alcohols phenols and carboxylic acid, a medium peak at 2395 cm-1 1759 cm-1 represents C≡C bond and C=O stretch respectively confirm the presence of compound having carbonyl group. Strong pick at 1384 cm-1 corresponding to NO bend represents as aliphatic nitro compound. Scaning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the spherical and cubical in shapes nanoparticles with diameter of 40nm – 95nm in and the average diameter of the particles were of 50nm.

Liver diseases such as jaundice, cirrhosis etc. are very common worldwide and traditional medicin... more Liver diseases such as jaundice, cirrhosis etc. are very common worldwide and traditional medicine are proving to be useless or less effective against them. Therefore workers are trying to find out alternate medicine or formulations to combat these diseases. In the present study hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of Adhatoda vasica and Vitex negundo on total protein, bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in CCl intoxicated rats was studied. Administration 4 of CCl showed significant increase (p < 0.01) in elevation of liver marker enzymes in serum namely 4 AST (107.2 ± 13.17), ALT (206.2 ± 28.82), ALP (508.22 ± 10.22), total bilirubin (2.61 ± 0.27) and significantly decreased total protein (5.2 ± 0.085) when compared to normal. Av and Vn at 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight showed significant increase in total protein (8.0 ± 0.05, 7.11 ± 0.044; 7.02 ± 0.02, 6.23 ± 0.03) when compared to CCl treated rats. Both Av and leaf extracts lowered enzymes levels, which is a designation of 4 hepatoprotective action of the extracts. The serum AST, ALT and ALP levels are reliable markers of liver function. Thus the present study concludes the aqueous leaf extract of Adhatoda vasica and Vitex negundo to possess hepatoprotective activity.

In the present study the leaves of Punica granatum were subjected to phytochemical screening and ... more In the present study the leaves of Punica granatum were subjected to phytochemical screening and the impact of the leaf extract of Punica granatum was tested against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of various phytochemicals such as alkaloids, tannins, phenols, flavonoid and saponins. Agar disk diffusion method was employed to test the antibacterial activity and the result showed that the aquesous leaf extract of Punica granatum showed 100% inhibition against all the tested bacteria at varying concentration of extract. The Minimum Inhbitory Concentration (MIC) of Punica granatum aqueous leaf extract that showed 100% inhibition was 0.36 mg/ml, 0.13 mg/ml and 0.13 mg/ml in case of Bacullus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi respectively.

In the present study the leaves of Swertia chirayita were subjected to phytochemical analysis and... more In the present study the leaves of Swertia chirayita were subjected to phytochemical analysis and the impact of the leaf extract of Swertia chirayita was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhi. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of various phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, quinones, saponins, tannins and terpenoids. The antibacterial activity was done by Agar disc diffusion method and the result showed that the leaf extract of Swertia chirayita showed 100% inhibition of all the test bacteria. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Swertia chirayita leaf extract that showed 100% inhibition was 0.13 mg, 0.36 mg and 0.13 mg in case of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhi respectively.

Balneo and PRM Research Journal, 2023

Journal of Microbiology and Experimentation, 2023

In the present study the aqueous leaf extracts of Swertia chirayita and Punica granatum were anal... more In the present study the aqueous leaf extracts
of Swertia chirayita and Punica granatum were
analyzed for antidiabetic activity against
streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in albino
rats. The blood glucose level was recorded
before and after administration of drug. The
blood glucose levels of animals of group 4
was recorded before and after administration
of glibenclamide. The results pellucidly
revealed that the leaf extracts of Swertia
chirayita and Punica granatum act as
antidiabetic agent. The blood glucose levels in
Swertia chirayita and Punica granatum treated
diabetic rats were 250.62 � 2.35 mg/dl and
265.58 � 3.00 mg/dl on day 0, which
gradually decremented by the cessation of 21st
day to 86.5 � 2.85 mg/dl and 90.23 � 2.03
mg/dl respectively. Thus it can be concluded
that the aqueous leaf extracts of Swertia
chirayita and Punica granatum act as
antidiabetic agents, albeit their impact is less
efficacious as compared to the standard drug
glibenclamide, but their positive impact against
diabetes is a promising development, which
may become a substratum of future medicines
of plant inchoation for remedying diabetes.

In the present study Adhatoda vasica was screened for therapeutic efficacy. The plant leaf extrac... more In the present study Adhatoda vasica was screened for therapeutic efficacy. The plant leaf extract was screened for phytochemicals, mineral elements, antioxidant and reducing power activity, foaming and swelling index properties. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses of phytochemicals were done. The result showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenolics and flavonoids. Tannins were maximum among all the detected phytochemicals (61.38 ± 0.8 mg/g). Phenolics were minimum (1.30 ± 0.1 mg/g). Following the presence of phytochemicals the plant leaf samples were also screened for antioxidant and reducing power ability. The screening for mineral elements revealed the presence of macro and micro elements. Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Chromium (Cr), Vanadium and Manganese (Mn) were detected in the leaf sample. Adhatoda vasica showed highest (68070 ± 35.58 ppm) concentration of Ca. V was lowest among all the mineral elements (118 ± 6.03 pm...

Pleurotus tuber-regium (Rumph. ex Fr.) Singer is a medicinal mushroom traditionally used for curi... more Pleurotus tuber-regium (Rumph. ex Fr.) Singer is a medicinal mushroom traditionally used for curing various diseases. The aim of the present study was to perform chemical screening and analyze hepatoprotective efficacy of P. tuber-regium extracts in CCl 4 hepatotoxic rat. The highest concentration in fungal extract was found for alkaloids (28.41 ± 0.5 mg 100 g -1) and the lowest for tannins (2.74 ± 0.28 mg 100 g -1 ) with flavonoids and phenolics in moderate concentrations. P. tuber-regium extract showed high total antioxidant activity (12.7 and 21.5% at 10 and 50 to 100 µg mL -1 , respectively). The activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and concentration of bilirubin significantly increased in P. tuber-regium extract-treated hepatotoxic rats while concentration of total protein and serum albumin significantly decreased in comparison to control animals, averting toxic effects of CCl 4 . As the P. tuber-regium extract possessed no acute or...

The work delt with the growth-inhibitory impact of methanolic extract of Calotropis procera leave... more The work delt with the growth-inhibitory impact of methanolic extract of Calotropis procera leaves on five pathogenic bacteria, analysed by agar diffusion and broth dilution methods. By agar diffusion method, the extract was found very effective against B. subtilis (MIC= 2.5 mg), while moderate activity was noted against P. mirabilis (MIC= 5 mg). Zone of inhibition was not found for P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and S. typhi for the concentrations screened. MIC was found 9 and 8 mg for S. aureus and S. typhi respectively by broth dilution method. The haemolytic activity exhibited by the crude extract showed time and concentration dependence. The present findings suggested that Calotropis procera is a potential source of antimicrobial compounds.

C. tamala leaves are mainly used for flavouring food and spice due to clove like taste and pepper... more C. tamala leaves are mainly used for flavouring food and spice due to clove like taste and pepper like odour. The plant leaves are widely used in pharmaceutical preparation because of therapeutic efficacy against various diseases and disorders due to presence of different phytochemicals. The leaves were analysed for ash content, moisture, crude fat, crude fibre, crude carbohydrate, crude protein and different phytochemical content. The results for percentage of ash content, moisture content, crude fibre, carbohydrate, crude fat and protein were 9.6 ± 1.12, 50.50 ± 1.0, 30.5 ± 0.6, 9.5 ± 0.5, 6.0 ± 0.5 and 8.5 ± 0.18 % respectively. The nutritive value was 143.5 ± 0.53 Kcal/ 100g. The leaf sample was assessed for quantitative and qualitative phytochemical composition. Among the phytochemicals poly phenols was highest (16.7 ± 0.7 g/100g) and flavonoid content was lowest (1.0 ± 0.31 g/100g).

The communication deals with the antioxidant activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Tinos... more The communication deals with the antioxidant activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Tinospora cordifolia (Thunb.) stem, along with the phytochemical, pharmacological and nutritive properties. Methanolic extract showed good antioxidant efficacy compare to the BHA standard. Reducing power of the extract showed concentration dependence. Lipid peroxidation inhibition was not significant. Methanolic extract showed significant DPPH radical scavenging activity (EC 50 = 0.5 mg/mL), while the superoxide radical scavenging activity of the methanolic extract was mild and showed concentration dependence. The phytochemical analysis showed low amount of total ash content, i.e. 11.3 ± 1.4 mg/g. Total phenol, tannin and flavonoids contents were 17.3 ± 0.4, 13.8 ± 0.5 and 6.5 ± 0.2 mg/g respectively which fall under moderate range. Crude fiber and moisture contents (231 ± 3.2 and 214 ± 5.3 mg/g respectively) as well as carbohydrate content (184.1 ± 5.2 mg/g) and nutritive value (1.46 ± 0.3 c...

Persian Gulf Crop Protection, 2013

Abstract: Typhoid activity is an acute systemic infection caused by Salmonella typhi.in present s... more Abstract: Typhoid activity is an acute systemic infection caused by Salmonella typhi.in present study the methanolic leafs extract of Vitex negundo and Adhatoda vasica were analyzed for anti-typhoid activity against Salmonella typhi. The leave sample was subjected to phytochemical analysis. The concentration of all the phytochemicals studied was higher in Vitex negundo than Adhatoda vasica, except alkaloids which was higher in Adhatoda vasica (11.3 ± 0.1mg/g) than Vitex negundo (8.6 ± 0.00 mg/g). Tannins were highest in both the plants, 61.3 ± 0.8 mg/g in Adhatoda vasica and 93.9 ± 0.8 mg/g in Adhatoda vasica. The antioxidant activity was determined and compared with BHA and reducing power was compared with Ascorbic acid. Both the samples had high antioxidant and reducing power activity. Several studies reported the loss of antioxidant system during infection of Salmonella typhi. The leaf extracts of Adhatoda vasica and Vitex negundo showed considerable antioxidant activity which can used as remedy against antioxidant system collapse and thus promises to be effective antioxidant supplement for typhoid patients. Besides antioxidant activity the leaves of both plants inhibited the growth of Salmonella typhi. The antibacterial activity of both leaf extracts were compared with gentamycin. The results of present shows that leaf extracts of Vitex negundo and Adhatoda vasica confer anti-typhoid activity against Salmonella typhi.

Antipathogenic efficacy of methanolic leaf extract of Cinnamomum tamala (Buch.-Ham.) and Aegle ma... more Antipathogenic efficacy of methanolic leaf extract of Cinnamomum tamala (Buch.-Ham.) and Aegle marmelos (L.) through inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 3160), Salmonella typhi (MTCC 3216) and Proteus mirabilis (MTCC 7837) the causative pathogens of food poisoning, boils, abscesses, wound infection, pneumonia, toxic shock syndrome, typhoid fever, urethitis, cystitis, pylonephritis and prostatitis has been investigated. All the strains were affected by methanolic leaf extract of C. tamala and A. marmelos in agar diffusion method and broth dilution method. The MIC values in agar diffusion method were 2.5 mg/mL against S. aureus for extract of both plants and 5 mg/mL, 1.25 mg/mL, against P. mirabilis for the extract of C. tamala and A. marmelos respectively. The MIC values in broth dilution method were 2.5 mg/mL against S.aureus for both plants extract, 4 mg/mL, 1 mg/mL against P.mirabilis and 9 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL against S. typhi for C. tamala and A. marmelos respectivel...

Balneo Research Journal, 2018

Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 2017

In the present study the synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated by aqueous leaf extracts of S... more In the present study the synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated by aqueous leaf extracts of Swertia chirayita is reported. Nanoparticles are particles having diameters below 100 nm. The nanoparticles formed were characterized using Uv-Vis spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope, Ft-IR and light scattering & Zeta potential analysis. A Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) peak was observed at 450 nm in Uv-Vis analysis. SEM analysis showed that the particles were spherical and cuboidal in shape and had diameter from 85-120 nm. The FT-IR analysis spectra peak were observed at 3,610.74 cm-1, 3,089.96 cm-1, 2,125.56 cm-1, 166.50 cm-1 and 864.11 cm-1, which corresponds to the presence of capping agents such as primary and secondary amines, hydroxyl compounds, flavonoids, alcoholic and phenolic compounds. The results of light scattering analysis also confirmed the formation of nanoscale particles. The zeta potential analysis showed a peak of -25 mV which demarcates the stability of t...

Balneo Research Journal, 2017

Aquatic ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to environmental change and many are, at present, ... more Aquatic ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to environmental change and many are, at present, severely degraded. The availability of good quality water is an indispensable feature for preventing disease and improving quality of life. The physicochemical properties will also help in the identification of sources of pollution, for conducting further investigations on the ecobiological impacts and also for initiating necessary steps for remedial actions in case of polluted water bodies. Therefore, the nature and health of any aquatic community are an expression of quality of the water. The present study has been undertaken to evaluate physico-chemical parameters (pH, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, sulphate content, chloride content and phosphate content) in 5 water bodies in and around Ranchi-Patratu Dam, Kanke dam, Dhruwa dam, Ranchi Lake, Line-tank Lake.

Balneo Research Journal, 2017

Balneo Research Journal, 2016

KEY WORDS: Swertia chirayita, Punica granatum, antioxidants, BHA.