Ian McCarthy | Simon Fraser University (original) (raw)

Papers by Ian McCarthy

Research paper thumbnail of Is it all a game? Understanding the principles of gamification

Business Horizons, 2015

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Research paper thumbnail of PLAY, GAMES AND GAMIFICATION: POSSIBILITIES FOR CUSTOMER LOYALTY

Handbook of research in customer loyalty, 2022

Customer loyalty is central to both the study and practice of marketing. Some marketing managers ... more Customer loyalty is central to both the study and practice of marketing. Some marketing managers have designed programs to create, maintain, and build customer loyalty in a game-like nature, which can be described as gamification. Built upon the conceptual foundations of customer loyalty, this chapter discusses how gamification, and its underlying principles, can be applied to the customer loyalty context. We outline guidelines for designing gamification strategies to enhance customer loyalty outcomes by looking closely at some real-world cases where marketers have had mixed success applying gamification to their loyalty programs. The chapter closes by suggesting potentially interesting directions for future research.

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Research paper thumbnail of How to work a crowd: Developing crowd capital through crowdsourcing

Business Horizons, 2015

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Research paper thumbnail of Licensing speed: Its determinants and payoffs

Journal of Engineering and Technology Management

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Research paper thumbnail of Does getting along matter? Tourist-tourist rapport in guided group activities

Tourism Management, 2021

Guided group activities, where tourists consume with other tourists, are common and important. Al... more Guided group activities, where tourists consume with other tourists, are common and important. Although the tourism and services literature suggests customer-employee rapport impacts customer satisfaction, the composition and impact of tourist-tourist rapport in guided group activities have received minimal attention. We use a three-study mixed method approach to conceptualize and examine tourist-tourist rapport in guided group activities. Study 1 identifies two recognized dyadic dimensions of tourist-tourist rapport (enjoyable interaction and personal connection) and two new group-based dimensions (group attentiveness and service congruity). Study 2 (video experiment) and Study 3 (field experiment) find that enjoyable interaction and personal connection mediate the relationship between group attentiveness and service congruity with satisfaction. Thus, touristtourist rapport in a group context is more multidimensional and complex than previously conceptualized for customer-employee rapport and non-group contexts. Further, we find tourist-tourist rapport is a critical service factor such that high levels satisfy, while low levels dissatisfy.

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Research paper thumbnail of Open branding: Managing the unauthorized use of brand-related intellectual property

Consumers often innovate with brand-related intellectual property (IP) without permission. Althou... more Consumers often innovate with brand-related intellectual property (IP) without permission. Although firms often respond by exercising their legal right to stop such activity, there are a variety of situations in which consumers' unauthorized use of brand-related IP can be desirable for a brand or in which enforcing IP rights can adversely affect a brand. This article illustrates situations in which managers may benefit from choosing to forgo exercising their IP rights. To assist managers, this article contributes a framework for understanding the managerial approaches to situations in which consumers use IP without permission.

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Research paper thumbnail of This Place Is Full of It: Towards an Organizational Bullshit Perception Scale

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Organizational Bullshit Perception Scale ... more This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Organizational Bullshit Perception Scale (OBPS) using two samples of employees of organizations in various sectors. The scale is designed to gauge perceptions of the extent of organizational bullshit that exists in a workplace, where bullshit is operationalized as individuals

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Research paper thumbnail of Editorial: Standardization in a Digital and Global World: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

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Research paper thumbnail of Learning from the first wave: Lessons about managing patient flow and resource utilization on medical wards at providence health during the COVID-19 pandemic

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Research paper thumbnail of Social media? It's serious! Understanding the dark side of social media

European Management Journal, 2018

Research and practice have mostly focused on the "bright side" of social media, aiming to underst... more Research and practice have mostly focused on the "bright side" of social media, aiming to understand and help in leveraging the manifold opportunities afforded by this technology. However, it is increasingly observable that social media present enormous risks for individuals, communities, firms, and even for society as a whole. Examples for this "dark side" of social media include cyberbullying, addictive use, trolling, online witch hunts, fake news, and privacy abuse. In this article, we aim to illustrate the multidimensionality of the dark side of social media and describe the related various undesirable outcomes. To do this, we adapt the established social media honeycomb framework to explain the dark side implications of each of the seven functional building blocks: conversations, sharing, presence, relationships , reputation, groups, and identity. On the basis of these reflections, we present a number of avenues for future research, so as to facilitate a better understanding and use of social media.

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Research paper thumbnail of Leveraging social capital in university-industry knowledge transfer strategies: a comparative positioning framework

Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 2019

University-industry partnerships emphasise the transformation of knowledge into products and proc... more University-industry partnerships emphasise the transformation of knowledge into products and processes which can be commercially exploited. This paper presents a framework for understanding how social capital in university-industry partnerships affect knowledge transfer strategies, which impacts on collaborative innovation developments. University-industry partnerships in three different countries, all from regions at varying stages of development, are compared using the proposed framework. These include a developed region (Canada), a transition region (Malta), and a developing region (South Africa). Structural, relational and cognitive social capital dimensions are mapped against the knowledge transfer strategy that the university-industry partnership employed: leveraging existing knowledge or appropriating new knowledge. Exploring the comparative presence of social capital in knowledge transfer strategies assists in better understanding how university-industry partnerships can position themselves to facilitate innovation. The paper proposes a link between social capital and knowledge transfer strategy by illustrating how it impacts the competitive positioning of the university-industry partners involved. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Research paper thumbnail of Making sense of text: artificial intelligence-enabled content analysis

European Journal of Marketing, 2020

Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to introduce, apply and compare how artificial intelligence ... more Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to introduce, apply and compare how artificial intelligence (AI), and specifically the IBM Watson system, can be used for content analysis in marketing research relative to manual and computer-aided (non-AI) approaches to content analysis. Design/methodology/approach-To illustrate the use of AI-enabled content analysis, this paper examines the text of leadership speeches, content related to organizational brand. The process and results of using AI are compared to manual and computer-aided approaches by using three performance factors for content analysis: reliability, validity and efficiency. Findings-Relative to manual and computer-aided approaches, AI-enabled content analysis provides clear advantages with high reliability, high validity and moderate efficiency. Research limitations/implications-This paper offers three contributions. First, it highlights the continued importance of the content analysis research method, particularly with the explosive growth of natural language-based user-generated content. Second, it provides a road map of how to use AI-enabled content analysis. Third, it applies and compares AI-enabled content analysis to manual and computer-aided, using leadership speeches. Practical implications-For each of the three approaches, nine steps are outlined and described to allow for replicability of this study. The advantages and disadvantages of using AI for content analysis are discussed. Together these are intended to motivate and guide researchers to apply and develop AI-enabled content analysis for research in marketing and other disciplines. Originality/value-To the best of the authors' knowledge, this paper is among the first to introduce, apply and compare how AI can be used for content analysis.

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Research paper thumbnail of Do your employees think your slogan is “fake news?” A framework for understanding the impact of fake company slogans on employees

Journal of Product & Brand Management, 2020

Purpose-This article explores how employees can perceive and be impacted by the fakeness of their... more Purpose-This article explores how employees can perceive and be impacted by the fakeness of their company slogans. Design/methodology/approach-This conceptual study draws on the established literature on company slogans, employee audiences, and fake news to create a framework through which to understand fake company slogans. Findings-Employees attend to two important dimensions of slogans: whether they accurately reflect a company's (1) values and (2) value proposition. These dimensions combine to form a typology of four ways in which employees can perceive their company's slogans: namely, authentic, narcissistic, foreign, or corrupt. Research limitations/implications-This paper outlines how the typology provides a theoretical basis for more refined empirical research on how company slogans influence a key stakeholder: their employees. Future research could test the arguments about how certain characteristics of slogans are more or less likely to cause employees to conclude that slogans are fake news. Those conclusions will, in turn, have implications for the morale and engagement of employees. The ideas herein can also enable a more comprehensive assessment of the impact of slogans. Practical implications-Employees can view three types of slogans as fake news (narcissistic, foreign, and corrupt slogans). This paper identifies the implications of each type and explains how companies can go about developing authentic slogans. Originality/value-This paper explores the impact of slogan fakeness on employees: an important audience that has been neglected by studies to date. Thus, the insights and implications specific to this internal stakeholder are novel.

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Research paper thumbnail of Deepfakes: Trick or treat

Business Horizons, 2020

Although manipulations of visual and auditory media are as old as media themselves, the recent en... more Although manipulations of visual and auditory media are as old as media themselves, the recent entrance of deepfakes has marked a turning point in the creation of fake content. Powered by the latest technological advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning, deepfakes offer automated procedures to create fake content that is harder and harder for human observers to detect. The possibilities to deceive are endlessdincluding manipulated pictures, videos, and audiodand organizations must be prepared as this will undoubtedly have a large societal impact. In this article, we provide a working definition of deepfakes together with an overview of its underlying technology. We classify different deep-fake types and identify risks and opportunities to help organizations think about the future of deepfakes. Finally, we propose the R.E.A.L. framework to manage deep-fake risks: Record original content to ensure deniability, Expose deepfakes early, Advocate for legal protection, and Leverage trust to counter credulity. Following these principles, we hope that our society can be more prepared to counter deep-fake tricks as we appreciate deepfake treats.

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Research paper thumbnail of Confronting indifference toward truth: Dealing with workplace bullshit

Business Horizons, 2020

Many organizations are drowning in a flood of corporate bullshit, and this is particularly true o... more Many organizations are drowning in a flood of corporate bullshit, and this is particularly true of organizations in trouble, whose managers tend to make up stuff on the fly and with little regard for future consequences. Bullshitting and lying are not synonymous. While the liar knows the truth and wittingly bends it to suit their purpose, the bullshitter simply does not care about the truth. Managers can actually do something about organizational bullshit, and this Executive Digest provides a sequential framework that enables them to do so. They can comprehend it, they can recognize it for what it is, they can act against it, and they can take steps to prevent it from happening in the future. While it is unlikely that any organization will ever be able to rid itself of bullshit entirely, this article argues that by taking these steps, astute managers can work toward stemming its flood.

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Research paper thumbnail of 2019 Gamification and strategic renewal chapter.pdf

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Research paper thumbnail of Zlatan HICSS 2019 v2.pdf

Proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the co-branding activity on social media platforms, parti... more The purpose of this study is to examine the co-branding activity on social media platforms, particularly in regard to company-employee relationship. We conducted a case study of co-branding on Instagram involving the soccer club Manchester United and the soccer player Zlatan Ibrahimović. We performed sentiment and emotional tone analysis, assessed intersection of the audience and illustrated non-verbal communication used by social media users. We demonstrated how the soccer club failed to capitalize on co-branding activity as measured through consolidating the audience, generating consistent emotional response, and creating a coherent message. This paper contributes to social media management research by illustrating the difficulties associated with co-branding between personal and corporate brands as well asynchronous communication. Further, our use of digital traces and computational analysis illustrates how access to social media can illuminate research activities and provide insight about online communication.

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Research paper thumbnail of Adaptive organizational resilience: an evolutionary perspective

In this paper, we introduce a novel way of understanding organizational resilience. We suggest th... more In this paper, we introduce a novel way of understanding organizational resilience. We suggest that organizational resilience can be profitably viewed as an evolutionary process in which organizations adapt their configurations in response to changes in two external conditions — disturbance and munificence. Focusing on the contexts of manufacturing and operations management, we begin by explaining the concepts of organizational configuration and resilience. We then present a framework that views resilience-driven configuration change as an evolutionary process of variation, selection, and retention for a population of firms. The final component of this framework is the use of the cladistic method of classification to develop a hypothesis of the branching order of configuration change. We conclude the paper by presenting a typology that shows how different levels of munificence and disturbance combine to produce two types of adaptive resilience (cladogenetic and anagenetic) and one type of non-adaptive resilience (inertia). We also explain how phylograms can be used to indicate the amount of time separating different organizational configurations.

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Research paper thumbnail of Click here to agree: Managing intellectual property when crowdsourcing solutions

Tapping into the creativity of a crowd can provide a highly efficient and effective means of acqu... more Tapping into the creativity of a crowd can provide a highly efficient and effective means of acquiring ideas, work, and content to solve problems. But crowdsourcing solutions can also come with risks, including the legal risks associated with intellectual property. Therefore, we raise and address a two-part question: Why–—and how–—should organizations deal with intellectual property issues when engaging in the crowdsourcing of solutions? The answers lie in understanding the approaches for acquiring sufficient intellectual property from a crowd and limiting the risks of using that intellectual property. Herein, we discuss the hazards of not considering these legal issues and explain how managers can use appropriate terms and conditions to balance and mitigate the risks associated with soliciting solutions from a crowd. Based on differences in how organizations acquire intellectual property and limit associated risks, we identify and illustrate with examples four approaches for managing intellectual property (passive, possessive, persuasive, and prudent) when crowdsourcing solutions. We conclude with recommendations for how organizations should use and tailor the approaches in our framework to source intellectual property from a crowd.

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Research paper thumbnail of Why do some patents get licensed while others do not

To understand why some patents get licensed and others do not, we estimate a portfolio of firm-an... more To understand why some patents get licensed and others do not, we estimate a portfolio of firm-and patent-level determinants for why a particular licensor's patent was licensed over all technologically similar patents held by other licensors. Using data for licensed biopharmaceutical patents, we build a set of alternate patents that could have been licensed-in using topic modeling techniques. This provides a more sophisticated way of controlling for patent characteristics and analyzing the attractiveness of a licensor and the characteristics of the patent itself. We find that patents owned by licensors with technological prestige, experience at licensing, and combined technological depth and breadth have a greater chance at being chosen by licensees. This suggests that a licensor's standing and organizational learning rather than the quality of its patent alone influence the success of outward licensing.

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Research paper thumbnail of Is it all a game? Understanding the principles of gamification

Business Horizons, 2015

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Research paper thumbnail of PLAY, GAMES AND GAMIFICATION: POSSIBILITIES FOR CUSTOMER LOYALTY

Handbook of research in customer loyalty, 2022

Customer loyalty is central to both the study and practice of marketing. Some marketing managers ... more Customer loyalty is central to both the study and practice of marketing. Some marketing managers have designed programs to create, maintain, and build customer loyalty in a game-like nature, which can be described as gamification. Built upon the conceptual foundations of customer loyalty, this chapter discusses how gamification, and its underlying principles, can be applied to the customer loyalty context. We outline guidelines for designing gamification strategies to enhance customer loyalty outcomes by looking closely at some real-world cases where marketers have had mixed success applying gamification to their loyalty programs. The chapter closes by suggesting potentially interesting directions for future research.

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Research paper thumbnail of How to work a crowd: Developing crowd capital through crowdsourcing

Business Horizons, 2015

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Research paper thumbnail of Licensing speed: Its determinants and payoffs

Journal of Engineering and Technology Management

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Does getting along matter? Tourist-tourist rapport in guided group activities

Tourism Management, 2021

Guided group activities, where tourists consume with other tourists, are common and important. Al... more Guided group activities, where tourists consume with other tourists, are common and important. Although the tourism and services literature suggests customer-employee rapport impacts customer satisfaction, the composition and impact of tourist-tourist rapport in guided group activities have received minimal attention. We use a three-study mixed method approach to conceptualize and examine tourist-tourist rapport in guided group activities. Study 1 identifies two recognized dyadic dimensions of tourist-tourist rapport (enjoyable interaction and personal connection) and two new group-based dimensions (group attentiveness and service congruity). Study 2 (video experiment) and Study 3 (field experiment) find that enjoyable interaction and personal connection mediate the relationship between group attentiveness and service congruity with satisfaction. Thus, touristtourist rapport in a group context is more multidimensional and complex than previously conceptualized for customer-employee rapport and non-group contexts. Further, we find tourist-tourist rapport is a critical service factor such that high levels satisfy, while low levels dissatisfy.

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Research paper thumbnail of Open branding: Managing the unauthorized use of brand-related intellectual property

Consumers often innovate with brand-related intellectual property (IP) without permission. Althou... more Consumers often innovate with brand-related intellectual property (IP) without permission. Although firms often respond by exercising their legal right to stop such activity, there are a variety of situations in which consumers' unauthorized use of brand-related IP can be desirable for a brand or in which enforcing IP rights can adversely affect a brand. This article illustrates situations in which managers may benefit from choosing to forgo exercising their IP rights. To assist managers, this article contributes a framework for understanding the managerial approaches to situations in which consumers use IP without permission.

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Research paper thumbnail of This Place Is Full of It: Towards an Organizational Bullshit Perception Scale

This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Organizational Bullshit Perception Scale ... more This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Organizational Bullshit Perception Scale (OBPS) using two samples of employees of organizations in various sectors. The scale is designed to gauge perceptions of the extent of organizational bullshit that exists in a workplace, where bullshit is operationalized as individuals

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Research paper thumbnail of Editorial: Standardization in a Digital and Global World: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

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Research paper thumbnail of Learning from the first wave: Lessons about managing patient flow and resource utilization on medical wards at providence health during the COVID-19 pandemic

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Research paper thumbnail of Social media? It's serious! Understanding the dark side of social media

European Management Journal, 2018

Research and practice have mostly focused on the "bright side" of social media, aiming to underst... more Research and practice have mostly focused on the "bright side" of social media, aiming to understand and help in leveraging the manifold opportunities afforded by this technology. However, it is increasingly observable that social media present enormous risks for individuals, communities, firms, and even for society as a whole. Examples for this "dark side" of social media include cyberbullying, addictive use, trolling, online witch hunts, fake news, and privacy abuse. In this article, we aim to illustrate the multidimensionality of the dark side of social media and describe the related various undesirable outcomes. To do this, we adapt the established social media honeycomb framework to explain the dark side implications of each of the seven functional building blocks: conversations, sharing, presence, relationships , reputation, groups, and identity. On the basis of these reflections, we present a number of avenues for future research, so as to facilitate a better understanding and use of social media.

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Research paper thumbnail of Leveraging social capital in university-industry knowledge transfer strategies: a comparative positioning framework

Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 2019

University-industry partnerships emphasise the transformation of knowledge into products and proc... more University-industry partnerships emphasise the transformation of knowledge into products and processes which can be commercially exploited. This paper presents a framework for understanding how social capital in university-industry partnerships affect knowledge transfer strategies, which impacts on collaborative innovation developments. University-industry partnerships in three different countries, all from regions at varying stages of development, are compared using the proposed framework. These include a developed region (Canada), a transition region (Malta), and a developing region (South Africa). Structural, relational and cognitive social capital dimensions are mapped against the knowledge transfer strategy that the university-industry partnership employed: leveraging existing knowledge or appropriating new knowledge. Exploring the comparative presence of social capital in knowledge transfer strategies assists in better understanding how university-industry partnerships can position themselves to facilitate innovation. The paper proposes a link between social capital and knowledge transfer strategy by illustrating how it impacts the competitive positioning of the university-industry partners involved. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Research paper thumbnail of Making sense of text: artificial intelligence-enabled content analysis

European Journal of Marketing, 2020

Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to introduce, apply and compare how artificial intelligence ... more Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to introduce, apply and compare how artificial intelligence (AI), and specifically the IBM Watson system, can be used for content analysis in marketing research relative to manual and computer-aided (non-AI) approaches to content analysis. Design/methodology/approach-To illustrate the use of AI-enabled content analysis, this paper examines the text of leadership speeches, content related to organizational brand. The process and results of using AI are compared to manual and computer-aided approaches by using three performance factors for content analysis: reliability, validity and efficiency. Findings-Relative to manual and computer-aided approaches, AI-enabled content analysis provides clear advantages with high reliability, high validity and moderate efficiency. Research limitations/implications-This paper offers three contributions. First, it highlights the continued importance of the content analysis research method, particularly with the explosive growth of natural language-based user-generated content. Second, it provides a road map of how to use AI-enabled content analysis. Third, it applies and compares AI-enabled content analysis to manual and computer-aided, using leadership speeches. Practical implications-For each of the three approaches, nine steps are outlined and described to allow for replicability of this study. The advantages and disadvantages of using AI for content analysis are discussed. Together these are intended to motivate and guide researchers to apply and develop AI-enabled content analysis for research in marketing and other disciplines. Originality/value-To the best of the authors' knowledge, this paper is among the first to introduce, apply and compare how AI can be used for content analysis.

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Research paper thumbnail of Do your employees think your slogan is “fake news?” A framework for understanding the impact of fake company slogans on employees

Journal of Product & Brand Management, 2020

Purpose-This article explores how employees can perceive and be impacted by the fakeness of their... more Purpose-This article explores how employees can perceive and be impacted by the fakeness of their company slogans. Design/methodology/approach-This conceptual study draws on the established literature on company slogans, employee audiences, and fake news to create a framework through which to understand fake company slogans. Findings-Employees attend to two important dimensions of slogans: whether they accurately reflect a company's (1) values and (2) value proposition. These dimensions combine to form a typology of four ways in which employees can perceive their company's slogans: namely, authentic, narcissistic, foreign, or corrupt. Research limitations/implications-This paper outlines how the typology provides a theoretical basis for more refined empirical research on how company slogans influence a key stakeholder: their employees. Future research could test the arguments about how certain characteristics of slogans are more or less likely to cause employees to conclude that slogans are fake news. Those conclusions will, in turn, have implications for the morale and engagement of employees. The ideas herein can also enable a more comprehensive assessment of the impact of slogans. Practical implications-Employees can view three types of slogans as fake news (narcissistic, foreign, and corrupt slogans). This paper identifies the implications of each type and explains how companies can go about developing authentic slogans. Originality/value-This paper explores the impact of slogan fakeness on employees: an important audience that has been neglected by studies to date. Thus, the insights and implications specific to this internal stakeholder are novel.

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Research paper thumbnail of Deepfakes: Trick or treat

Business Horizons, 2020

Although manipulations of visual and auditory media are as old as media themselves, the recent en... more Although manipulations of visual and auditory media are as old as media themselves, the recent entrance of deepfakes has marked a turning point in the creation of fake content. Powered by the latest technological advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning, deepfakes offer automated procedures to create fake content that is harder and harder for human observers to detect. The possibilities to deceive are endlessdincluding manipulated pictures, videos, and audiodand organizations must be prepared as this will undoubtedly have a large societal impact. In this article, we provide a working definition of deepfakes together with an overview of its underlying technology. We classify different deep-fake types and identify risks and opportunities to help organizations think about the future of deepfakes. Finally, we propose the R.E.A.L. framework to manage deep-fake risks: Record original content to ensure deniability, Expose deepfakes early, Advocate for legal protection, and Leverage trust to counter credulity. Following these principles, we hope that our society can be more prepared to counter deep-fake tricks as we appreciate deepfake treats.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Confronting indifference toward truth: Dealing with workplace bullshit

Business Horizons, 2020

Many organizations are drowning in a flood of corporate bullshit, and this is particularly true o... more Many organizations are drowning in a flood of corporate bullshit, and this is particularly true of organizations in trouble, whose managers tend to make up stuff on the fly and with little regard for future consequences. Bullshitting and lying are not synonymous. While the liar knows the truth and wittingly bends it to suit their purpose, the bullshitter simply does not care about the truth. Managers can actually do something about organizational bullshit, and this Executive Digest provides a sequential framework that enables them to do so. They can comprehend it, they can recognize it for what it is, they can act against it, and they can take steps to prevent it from happening in the future. While it is unlikely that any organization will ever be able to rid itself of bullshit entirely, this article argues that by taking these steps, astute managers can work toward stemming its flood.

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Research paper thumbnail of 2019 Gamification and strategic renewal chapter.pdf

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Research paper thumbnail of Zlatan HICSS 2019 v2.pdf

Proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the co-branding activity on social media platforms, parti... more The purpose of this study is to examine the co-branding activity on social media platforms, particularly in regard to company-employee relationship. We conducted a case study of co-branding on Instagram involving the soccer club Manchester United and the soccer player Zlatan Ibrahimović. We performed sentiment and emotional tone analysis, assessed intersection of the audience and illustrated non-verbal communication used by social media users. We demonstrated how the soccer club failed to capitalize on co-branding activity as measured through consolidating the audience, generating consistent emotional response, and creating a coherent message. This paper contributes to social media management research by illustrating the difficulties associated with co-branding between personal and corporate brands as well asynchronous communication. Further, our use of digital traces and computational analysis illustrates how access to social media can illuminate research activities and provide insight about online communication.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Adaptive organizational resilience: an evolutionary perspective

In this paper, we introduce a novel way of understanding organizational resilience. We suggest th... more In this paper, we introduce a novel way of understanding organizational resilience. We suggest that organizational resilience can be profitably viewed as an evolutionary process in which organizations adapt their configurations in response to changes in two external conditions — disturbance and munificence. Focusing on the contexts of manufacturing and operations management, we begin by explaining the concepts of organizational configuration and resilience. We then present a framework that views resilience-driven configuration change as an evolutionary process of variation, selection, and retention for a population of firms. The final component of this framework is the use of the cladistic method of classification to develop a hypothesis of the branching order of configuration change. We conclude the paper by presenting a typology that shows how different levels of munificence and disturbance combine to produce two types of adaptive resilience (cladogenetic and anagenetic) and one type of non-adaptive resilience (inertia). We also explain how phylograms can be used to indicate the amount of time separating different organizational configurations.

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Research paper thumbnail of Click here to agree: Managing intellectual property when crowdsourcing solutions

Tapping into the creativity of a crowd can provide a highly efficient and effective means of acqu... more Tapping into the creativity of a crowd can provide a highly efficient and effective means of acquiring ideas, work, and content to solve problems. But crowdsourcing solutions can also come with risks, including the legal risks associated with intellectual property. Therefore, we raise and address a two-part question: Why–—and how–—should organizations deal with intellectual property issues when engaging in the crowdsourcing of solutions? The answers lie in understanding the approaches for acquiring sufficient intellectual property from a crowd and limiting the risks of using that intellectual property. Herein, we discuss the hazards of not considering these legal issues and explain how managers can use appropriate terms and conditions to balance and mitigate the risks associated with soliciting solutions from a crowd. Based on differences in how organizations acquire intellectual property and limit associated risks, we identify and illustrate with examples four approaches for managing intellectual property (passive, possessive, persuasive, and prudent) when crowdsourcing solutions. We conclude with recommendations for how organizations should use and tailor the approaches in our framework to source intellectual property from a crowd.

Bookmarks Related papers MentionsView impact

Research paper thumbnail of Why do some patents get licensed while others do not

To understand why some patents get licensed and others do not, we estimate a portfolio of firm-an... more To understand why some patents get licensed and others do not, we estimate a portfolio of firm-and patent-level determinants for why a particular licensor's patent was licensed over all technologically similar patents held by other licensors. Using data for licensed biopharmaceutical patents, we build a set of alternate patents that could have been licensed-in using topic modeling techniques. This provides a more sophisticated way of controlling for patent characteristics and analyzing the attractiveness of a licensor and the characteristics of the patent itself. We find that patents owned by licensors with technological prestige, experience at licensing, and combined technological depth and breadth have a greater chance at being chosen by licensees. This suggests that a licensor's standing and organizational learning rather than the quality of its patent alone influence the success of outward licensing.

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Research paper thumbnail of Is it all a game? Understanding the principles and value of gamification

There is growing interest in how gamification–—defined as the application of game design principl... more There is growing interest in how gamification–—defined as the application of game design principles in non-gaming contexts–—can be used in business. However, academic research and management practice have paid little attention to the challenges of how best to design, implement, manage, and optimize gamification strategies. To advance understanding of gamification, this article defines what it is and explains how it prompts managers to think about business practice in new and innovative ways. Drawing upon the game design literature, we present a framework of three gamification principles–—mechanics, dynamics, and emotions (MDE)–—to explain how gamified experiences can be created. We then provide an extended illustration of gamification and conclude with ideas for future research and application opportunities.

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Research paper thumbnail of Industry Dynamics: Rethinking the Effects of Velocity on Product Innovation

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Research paper thumbnail of When customers get clever: Managerial approaches to dealing with creative consumers

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Research paper thumbnail of Social Media in Research

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Research paper thumbnail of Absorbing Knowledge from Creative Youth

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Research paper thumbnail of DYNAMIC GAME PLANS: USING GAMIFICATION TO ENTRAIN STRATEGIC RENEWAL WITH ENVIRONMENTAL VELOCITY

Handbook of Strategic Renewal, 2019

The strategic renewal literature recognizes that organizations should employ some form of managem... more The strategic renewal literature recognizes that organizations should employ some form of management control system to ensure that their strategic goals and related capabilities are aligned with their environmental conditions, such as the dynamics of environmental change. This chapter focuses on these issues. Using gamification as a management control approach for strategic renewal and environmental velocity to characterize industry dynamics, we explain how a gamified strategic renewal approach can be used to direct and adjust the pace of two different organizational behaviors–exploitation and exploration—to attain strategic renewal suited to different environmental velocity types.

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