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Papers by Ghafar Ebrahimi

Aquaculture International, 2011

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of two levels of vitamin E (100 and... more The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of two levels of vitamin E (100 and 300 mg/kg diet) along with two levels of lipid (9 and 14%) and their interaction on growth performance of Indian white shrimp and consequently to evaluate the fatty acid composition and lipid stability of its muscle tissue during frozen storage. Growth of juvenile Indian white shrimp was not significantly affected by dietary vitamin E and lipid levels. Muscle lipid content of shrimp fed diets with 14% lipid was significantly higher than that of with 9% lipid. Obvious effects of the increase in dietary lipid level on muscle fatty acid composition were significant decrease in proportion of 16:0 and increase in proportion of 20:5n-3. The content of vitamin E concentration in shrimp muscle reflected dietary vitamin E concentration and ranged from 6.68 to 14.8 mg/kg muscle corresponding to two (100 and 300 mg/kg) levels of vitamin E in fish diet, respectively. Subsequently, results showed that by increasing the concentration of vitamin E from 100 to 300 mg/kg in diet, the rate of lipid oxidation in the muscle tissue during frozen storage was reduced and, as a result, caused higher HUFA retention in muscle of shrimp fed diet with high lipid level.

Aquaculture …, Jan 1, 2012

Abstract A 3× 5 factorial design including three lipid levels (100, 130 and 180 g kg− 1 diet, bas... more Abstract A 3× 5 factorial design including three lipid levels (100, 130 and 180 g kg− 1 diet, based on dry matter) and five dietary protein levels (370, 420, 470, 520 and 570 g kg− 1 diet, based on dry matter) was conducted to investigate the optimum dietary lipid and protein ...

Turk. J. Zool, Jan 1, 2012

A feeding trial was conducted to determine the optimal dietary crude protein requirement for Ruti... more A feeding trial was conducted to determine the optimal dietary crude protein requirement for Rutilus frisii kutum fi ngerlings. Five isoenergetic experimental diets were formulated to contain graded levels of protein (32%, 37%, 42%, 47%, and 52%). Triplicate groups of 80 kutum (average weight 0.5 g) were stocked in 250-L tanks and fed to apparent satiation 3 times a day for 8 weeks. Th e results indicate that the growth performance and feed utilization of kutum were signifi cantly (P < 0.05) aff ected by dietary protein level. Th e second polynomial regression of weight gain against protein level yielded an estimated optimal dietary protein requirement of 41.6%. Weight gain, specifi c growth rate, and feed effi ciency increased with increasing the dietary protein level from 32% to 42%, but decreased signifi cantly (P < 0.05) with further increases in dietary protein. Th e protein effi ciency ratio was inversely correlated with dietary protein level. Feed intake was not aff ected (P > 0.05) by dietary protein level. No signifi cant diff erence was found in the whole-body protein, lipid, moisture, or ash contents of fi sh fed the diff erent dietary protein levels. Th e results obtained from this study could be benefi cial in order to formulate artifi cial feed for aquaculture of kutum fi ngerlings.

Research Journal of Animal Sciences, Jan 1, 2010

Journal of Animal …, Jan 1, 2011

Aquaculture International, Jan 1, 2011

Kutum Rutilus frisii kutum is known as a valuable commercial species in the southern part of Casp... more Kutum Rutilus frisii kutum is known as a valuable commercial species in the southern part of Caspian Sea. Artificial rearing of fry has been introduced as an alternative to supply kutum fry in order to restock the kutum population in the Caspian Sea. The aim of this study was to find the suitable time to transfer kutum larvae from live food to artificial feed. The experiment began on day 3 post-hatching and lasted for 21 days. Mean initial weight of larvae was 4.5 mg. Five experimental groups including Group A (zooplankton alone for 21 days), Group B (12 days zooplankton ? 9 days artificial feed), Group C (8 days zooplankton ? 13 days artificial feed), Group D (4 days zooplankton ? 17 days artificial feed) and Group E (artificial feed alone for 21 days) were considered for this experiment. According to the obtained results, the specific growth rate of kutum larvae varied from 8.01 to 13.58% day -1 , and the highest and lowest specific growth rate were found in A and E treatments, respectively. The lowest mean body weight (24.6 mg) was found in larvae fed on artificial feed for 21 days. However, survival rates of kutum larvae fed mixed zooplankton for 8 and 12 days (85.83 and 89.33%, respectively) were comparable with those of larvae fed live food during the entire experiment (91.6%). The lowest survival rate (69.16%) was found in larvae fed artificial feed during the entire experiment.

Aquaculture International, 2011

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of two levels of vitamin E (100 and... more The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of two levels of vitamin E (100 and 300 mg/kg diet) along with two levels of lipid (9 and 14%) and their interaction on growth performance of Indian white shrimp and consequently to evaluate the fatty acid composition and lipid stability of its muscle tissue during frozen storage. Growth of juvenile Indian white shrimp was not significantly affected by dietary vitamin E and lipid levels. Muscle lipid content of shrimp fed diets with 14% lipid was significantly higher than that of with 9% lipid. Obvious effects of the increase in dietary lipid level on muscle fatty acid composition were significant decrease in proportion of 16:0 and increase in proportion of 20:5n-3. The content of vitamin E concentration in shrimp muscle reflected dietary vitamin E concentration and ranged from 6.68 to 14.8 mg/kg muscle corresponding to two (100 and 300 mg/kg) levels of vitamin E in fish diet, respectively. Subsequently, results showed that by increasing the concentration of vitamin E from 100 to 300 mg/kg in diet, the rate of lipid oxidation in the muscle tissue during frozen storage was reduced and, as a result, caused higher HUFA retention in muscle of shrimp fed diet with high lipid level.

Aquaculture …, Jan 1, 2012

Abstract A 3× 5 factorial design including three lipid levels (100, 130 and 180 g kg− 1 diet, bas... more Abstract A 3× 5 factorial design including three lipid levels (100, 130 and 180 g kg− 1 diet, based on dry matter) and five dietary protein levels (370, 420, 470, 520 and 570 g kg− 1 diet, based on dry matter) was conducted to investigate the optimum dietary lipid and protein ...

Turk. J. Zool, Jan 1, 2012

A feeding trial was conducted to determine the optimal dietary crude protein requirement for Ruti... more A feeding trial was conducted to determine the optimal dietary crude protein requirement for Rutilus frisii kutum fi ngerlings. Five isoenergetic experimental diets were formulated to contain graded levels of protein (32%, 37%, 42%, 47%, and 52%). Triplicate groups of 80 kutum (average weight 0.5 g) were stocked in 250-L tanks and fed to apparent satiation 3 times a day for 8 weeks. Th e results indicate that the growth performance and feed utilization of kutum were signifi cantly (P < 0.05) aff ected by dietary protein level. Th e second polynomial regression of weight gain against protein level yielded an estimated optimal dietary protein requirement of 41.6%. Weight gain, specifi c growth rate, and feed effi ciency increased with increasing the dietary protein level from 32% to 42%, but decreased signifi cantly (P < 0.05) with further increases in dietary protein. Th e protein effi ciency ratio was inversely correlated with dietary protein level. Feed intake was not aff ected (P > 0.05) by dietary protein level. No signifi cant diff erence was found in the whole-body protein, lipid, moisture, or ash contents of fi sh fed the diff erent dietary protein levels. Th e results obtained from this study could be benefi cial in order to formulate artifi cial feed for aquaculture of kutum fi ngerlings.

Research Journal of Animal Sciences, Jan 1, 2010

Journal of Animal …, Jan 1, 2011

Aquaculture International, Jan 1, 2011

Kutum Rutilus frisii kutum is known as a valuable commercial species in the southern part of Casp... more Kutum Rutilus frisii kutum is known as a valuable commercial species in the southern part of Caspian Sea. Artificial rearing of fry has been introduced as an alternative to supply kutum fry in order to restock the kutum population in the Caspian Sea. The aim of this study was to find the suitable time to transfer kutum larvae from live food to artificial feed. The experiment began on day 3 post-hatching and lasted for 21 days. Mean initial weight of larvae was 4.5 mg. Five experimental groups including Group A (zooplankton alone for 21 days), Group B (12 days zooplankton ? 9 days artificial feed), Group C (8 days zooplankton ? 13 days artificial feed), Group D (4 days zooplankton ? 17 days artificial feed) and Group E (artificial feed alone for 21 days) were considered for this experiment. According to the obtained results, the specific growth rate of kutum larvae varied from 8.01 to 13.58% day -1 , and the highest and lowest specific growth rate were found in A and E treatments, respectively. The lowest mean body weight (24.6 mg) was found in larvae fed on artificial feed for 21 days. However, survival rates of kutum larvae fed mixed zooplankton for 8 and 12 days (85.83 and 89.33%, respectively) were comparable with those of larvae fed live food during the entire experiment (91.6%). The lowest survival rate (69.16%) was found in larvae fed artificial feed during the entire experiment.