Mansour Nasiri | University of Tehran (original) (raw)

Papers by Mansour Nasiri

Nowadays, theories of the philosophy of mind, are divided into illusionist and non-illusionist. I... more Nowadays, theories of the philosophy of mind, are divided into illusionist and non-illusionist. In relation to the Mind Problem (MP), Illusionism of Soul (IS) considers soul and all of the unphysical-mental events (like immaterial personal identity, non-physical consciousness and freewill, nonmetaphysical morality, etc.) as an illusion and believes that science will completely explain them in the future. The authors have seen IS in neurophilosophy and Daniel Dennett's Center of Narrative Gravity (CNG). This essay is devoted to explaining IS and the two views on MP, and finally to comparatively comparing them. In this library research paper, we found that the two theories are common in physicalist-evolutionist basics that cause to consider mental events as an illusion and reject dualism; and they are different in eliminativism. we conclude that the mind-brain identity, which is the most important basic of illusionism, has many consequences; for example, the transformation of man into a machine, the unification of man with other animals, and certain ideas about a philosophical zombie.

University of Qom, 2023

Contrary to what has been stated in most accounts that Hume intends to make arguments against the... more Contrary to what has been stated in most accounts that Hume intends to make arguments against the existence of God, he aims to attack the claim that religious propositions can be argued; not completely reject these propositions. He considers these propositions epistemologically outside of human knowledge but ontologically accepts the existence of God. With such a view, we can dismiss atheistic-agnostic interpretations and relate him to a kind of mysticism. The key to deciding whether or not Hume is a mystic is to determine what criteria we have to consider someone a mystic. Two very influential components here are (1) the belief in the existence of God; (2) the belief that the existence of God is far from our usual reasoning (antirational or irrational). And the second component is enough to call someone like Wittgenstein a fideist. We claim that there is clear evidence of these components in Hume's works; therefore, what reason do we have to remove Hume from the circle of fideism and mysticism? In this study, after an introduction to the concept and types of fideism, we show that Hume, based on his works, surpasses skepticism and manifests a special kind of fideism. While there is an emphasis on the mystery of the proposition that God exists, he combines Christian faith, in aform that is inseparable from illogical and mysterious propositions such as the incarnation of God. Thus, Hume can be called a Christian mystic.

Gnosticism is a numerous movement of thought that entered the world of Jewish-Christian thought i... more Gnosticism is a numerous movement of thought that entered the world of Jewish-Christian thought in the second century AD and created important intellectual challenges in the field of Jewish-Christian theology. These challenges led to an examination of the origins of Gnostic thought and followed various theories. One of these theories considers Judaism to be the origin of Judaism. On the one hand, the Gnostics use of themes and even the words and expressions of the Old Testament shows the Jewish elements in this thought and on the other hand, the Jewish recognition of the origin of the Gnostic religion is incompatible with the strong anti-Semitic tendencies of the prominent Gnostic systems. Examining Jewish teachings and comparing them to the central ideas of Gnostic thought, such as the "meaning of knowledge", the "concept of ultimate salvation" and the "unity of God and mystic" distorts the claim of the Jewish origin of Gnostic thought and according to the lack of convergence in these important and fundamental issues, the claim of the Jewish origin of the Gnostic religion is ruled out. In this paper, we examine the possibility of the Jewish origin of Gnosticism through content analysis method and an analytical-critical approach.

Cottingham, the epistemology of involvement, nonevidentialism, empathic understanding. John Cotti... more Cottingham, the epistemology of involvement, nonevidentialism, empathic understanding. John Cottingham, a contemporary English philosopher, considers the best way to understand religious beliefs to be an empathic understanding. He calls his theory "the epistemology of involvement". Based on this theory, in order to understand religious beliefs, one should put aside the detachment approach and by entering the life of faith, provide the conditions for the realization of the religious experiences of the believers, and at the same time, maintain the critical opinion in this sympathetic participation in religion. He considers such an approach to be a middle way between Kierkegaard's irrationalism and Plantinga's relativism and considers it generalizable to other philosophical fields. This approach faces criticism. First, before entering a religious life, it is necessary to evaluate its worldview, and this evaluation precedes the practical system and literary and emotional texts of that religion. Second, there is no connection between an empathetic understanding of religion and entering into a life of faith, and thirdly, by entering into a life of faith, the acceptance of a belief will be involuntary, and after the realization of such a belief, it is not possible to criticize it.

جستارهای فلسفه دین, Oct 23, 2018

In this paper, the scientific methodology of the contemporary philosopherImre Lakatos is revised ... more In this paper, the scientific methodology of the contemporary philosopherImre Lakatos is revised to construct a methodology for theological systems. In this methodology, each theological system consists of the following main elements: (1) hard core I, (2) protective wall, (3) hard core II, and (4) auxiliary hypotheses. We will expound the criteria for the evaluation of different theological systems and show how a theological system prevails over other theological systems in the light of these criteria. These criteria are of two types: first, the criteria that we have presented for a successful and progressive theological system; second, the criteria mentioned in the philosophy of science for the evaluation of competitor scientific hypotheses and theories. In conclusion, we present the results of our proposed theological plan. Some of the results include preserving religion from distortion and deterioration, resolving the disputes over the relation between science and religion or rea...

Nowadays, theories of the philosophy of mind, are divided into illusionist and non-illusionist. I... more Nowadays, theories of the philosophy of mind, are divided into illusionist and non-illusionist. In relation to the Mind Problem (MP), Illusionism of Soul (IS) considers soul and all of the unphysical-mental events (like immaterial personal identity, non-physical consciousness and freewill, nonmetaphysical morality, etc.) as an illusion and believes that science will completely explain them in the future. The authors have seen IS in neurophilosophy and Daniel Dennett's Center of Narrative Gravity (CNG). This essay is devoted to explaining IS and the two views on MP, and finally to comparatively comparing them. In this library research paper, we found that the two theories are common in physicalist-evolutionist basics that cause to consider mental events as an illusion and reject dualism; and they are different in eliminativism. we conclude that the mind-brain identity, which is the most important basic of illusionism, has many consequences; for example, the transformation of man into a machine, the unification of man with other animals, and certain ideas about a philosophical zombie.

University of Qom, 2023

Contrary to what has been stated in most accounts that Hume intends to make arguments against the... more Contrary to what has been stated in most accounts that Hume intends to make arguments against the existence of God, he aims to attack the claim that religious propositions can be argued; not completely reject these propositions. He considers these propositions epistemologically outside of human knowledge but ontologically accepts the existence of God. With such a view, we can dismiss atheistic-agnostic interpretations and relate him to a kind of mysticism. The key to deciding whether or not Hume is a mystic is to determine what criteria we have to consider someone a mystic. Two very influential components here are (1) the belief in the existence of God; (2) the belief that the existence of God is far from our usual reasoning (antirational or irrational). And the second component is enough to call someone like Wittgenstein a fideist. We claim that there is clear evidence of these components in Hume's works; therefore, what reason do we have to remove Hume from the circle of fideism and mysticism? In this study, after an introduction to the concept and types of fideism, we show that Hume, based on his works, surpasses skepticism and manifests a special kind of fideism. While there is an emphasis on the mystery of the proposition that God exists, he combines Christian faith, in aform that is inseparable from illogical and mysterious propositions such as the incarnation of God. Thus, Hume can be called a Christian mystic.

Gnosticism is a numerous movement of thought that entered the world of Jewish-Christian thought i... more Gnosticism is a numerous movement of thought that entered the world of Jewish-Christian thought in the second century AD and created important intellectual challenges in the field of Jewish-Christian theology. These challenges led to an examination of the origins of Gnostic thought and followed various theories. One of these theories considers Judaism to be the origin of Judaism. On the one hand, the Gnostics use of themes and even the words and expressions of the Old Testament shows the Jewish elements in this thought and on the other hand, the Jewish recognition of the origin of the Gnostic religion is incompatible with the strong anti-Semitic tendencies of the prominent Gnostic systems. Examining Jewish teachings and comparing them to the central ideas of Gnostic thought, such as the "meaning of knowledge", the "concept of ultimate salvation" and the "unity of God and mystic" distorts the claim of the Jewish origin of Gnostic thought and according to the lack of convergence in these important and fundamental issues, the claim of the Jewish origin of the Gnostic religion is ruled out. In this paper, we examine the possibility of the Jewish origin of Gnosticism through content analysis method and an analytical-critical approach.

Cottingham, the epistemology of involvement, nonevidentialism, empathic understanding. John Cotti... more Cottingham, the epistemology of involvement, nonevidentialism, empathic understanding. John Cottingham, a contemporary English philosopher, considers the best way to understand religious beliefs to be an empathic understanding. He calls his theory "the epistemology of involvement". Based on this theory, in order to understand religious beliefs, one should put aside the detachment approach and by entering the life of faith, provide the conditions for the realization of the religious experiences of the believers, and at the same time, maintain the critical opinion in this sympathetic participation in religion. He considers such an approach to be a middle way between Kierkegaard's irrationalism and Plantinga's relativism and considers it generalizable to other philosophical fields. This approach faces criticism. First, before entering a religious life, it is necessary to evaluate its worldview, and this evaluation precedes the practical system and literary and emotional texts of that religion. Second, there is no connection between an empathetic understanding of religion and entering into a life of faith, and thirdly, by entering into a life of faith, the acceptance of a belief will be involuntary, and after the realization of such a belief, it is not possible to criticize it.

جستارهای فلسفه دین, Oct 23, 2018

In this paper, the scientific methodology of the contemporary philosopherImre Lakatos is revised ... more In this paper, the scientific methodology of the contemporary philosopherImre Lakatos is revised to construct a methodology for theological systems. In this methodology, each theological system consists of the following main elements: (1) hard core I, (2) protective wall, (3) hard core II, and (4) auxiliary hypotheses. We will expound the criteria for the evaluation of different theological systems and show how a theological system prevails over other theological systems in the light of these criteria. These criteria are of two types: first, the criteria that we have presented for a successful and progressive theological system; second, the criteria mentioned in the philosophy of science for the evaluation of competitor scientific hypotheses and theories. In conclusion, we present the results of our proposed theological plan. Some of the results include preserving religion from distortion and deterioration, resolving the disputes over the relation between science and religion or rea...