Alireza Salehi Nejad | University of Tehran (original) (raw)

Journal Papers by Alireza Salehi Nejad

Journal of Cyberspace Studies, 2020

Digitalization and the emergence of the Internet have resulted in escalating access to informatio... more Digitalization and the emergence of the Internet have resulted in escalating access to information and communication. Given the circumstances that soaring access to information amounts to the intensification of misinformation and disinformation, a set of critical skills to navigate and critically assess the information is necessary. This paper outlines the significance of these skills, and provides a perspective on metaliteracy as a supplement to media and information literacy, and argues that the ability to conceptualize, access, comprehend, analyze, and use information is crucial in achieving inclusive, pluralistic, and participatory knowledge societies.

Journal of Cyberspace Studies, 2019

The MIL Global Week 2018, 24 to 31 October, was marked by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in collaboration with various organizations including the UN Alliance of Civilizations (UNAOC), the Global Alliance for Partnership on MIL (GAPMIL), the International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA), the International Association of School Libraries (IASL), and the UNESCO-UNAOC University Cooperation Programme on Media and Information Literacy and Intercultural Dialogue (MILID)

Neurosciences, 2018

Objectives: To explore individuals' perception of the personal, family and societal educational n... more Objectives: To explore individuals' perception of the personal, family and societal educational needs following a spinal cord injury)SCI(. Methods: Sixty-one patients who sustained a traumatic SCI between March 2015 and June 2016 referred to Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center)BASIR(were included in a cross sectional study and completed an online survey containing open-and closed-ended questions, in Iran. Participants' responses were analyzed i using a qualitative approach with a thematic analysis. Results: Following a thematic analysis of the patient's perceived educational needs, 3 themes and 14 subthemes were identified. The 3 themes included personal, family, and societal educational perceived needs. Within personal educational needs, there were 7 subthemes which included personal independence and transportation, financial independence, life skills modification, knowledge about SCI, prevention of SCI complications, relationships and sexual function, and psychological adjustments. Among family educational needs, the 3 subthemes were caregiver skills and communication, first aid and emergency skills, and emotional and psychological support. For societal educational needs, the 4 subthemes described were social integration, interpersonal communication skills, SCI awareness and injury prevention, sympathize while avoiding pity. Conclusion: According to our findings, people with SCI have various needs that need to be addressed. Educational support should be a part of a comprehensive rehabilitation program and geared towards addressing the patients' personal and family needs, while educating the community about SCI in order to allow for reintegration into society.

Spinal Cord, 2018

Study design: This was a qualitative study conducted using an interpretative phenomenological app... more Study design: This was a qualitative study conducted using an interpretative phenomenological approach. Objectives: This study investigated the experience of pregnancy and childbirth in women with spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting: Brain and Spinal Cord Methods: The data were collected using telecommunication and face-to-face semi-structured interviews with eight women with SCI. The study employed the interpretative phenomenological approach suggested by Van Manen in 2016 and thematic analysis to provide a comprehensive understanding of the childbearing experience of women with SCI. MAXQDA 10 software was used to manage the collected data. Results: Five main themes have emerged from data analysis: "revivification", "fear and concern of motherhood with SCI", "flawed health care system", "maternal experience under a supportive umbrella", and "strengthening spirituality and religious belief". Conclusion: Childbearing had a positive effect on the family relationship, continuity of marriage, and quality of life following SCI. There are potential benefits in establishing a center that provides consultation on childbearing and childcare for women with SCI. Moreover, training for the medical team, which includes nurses, midwives, and specialists is highly recommended. Further research is needed to expand our understanding of childbearing from the perspectives of healthcare providers.

Central European Journal of International and Security Studies, 2017

Study design: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Objectives: The burden of care among primary ... more Study design:
A descriptive cross-sectional study.

Objectives:
The burden of care among primary caregivers of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) is affected by different factors. We aimed to evaluate the level of burden among caregivers and the association between the caregiver burden and sociodemographic factors of SCI individuals and their caregivers.

Setting:
Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Methods:
The Zarit caregiver burden interview was used to evaluate the level of burden in caregivers through structured face-to-face interviews with 163 individuals with SCI, who were referred to receive outpatient rehabilitation, and their caregivers.

Results:
The mean of caregivers’ burden score was 38.9±15.2 and 11.7% reported no or little burden, 43.6% reported ‘mild-to-moderate’ burden, 33.1% reported ‘moderate-to-severe’ burden and 11.7% reported ‘severe’ burden of care. There was relationship between the level of injury (P=0.010) and occupational status (P=0.041) in SCI individuals and caregiver burden score. There was also a positive relationship between the caregiver burden score and duration of injury (r=0.176, P=0.025), the caregivers’ age (r=0.350, P<0.001), and length of time that the current caregiver providing care (r=0.253, P=0.001). There was a negative relationship between the burden and caregiver’s educational level (r=−0.235, P=0.002).

Conclusions:
The burden of care among the caregivers of SCI individuals is a multidimensional issue. The sociodemographic characteristics of individuals with SCI and their caregivers can affect the caregiver’s burden. Many of these factors can be modified to reduce the burden of care.

Central European Journal of International and Security Studies, 2016

Journal of Cyberspace Studies, 2020

Journal of Cyberspace Studies, 2019

Neurosciences, 2018

Spinal Cord, 2018

Central European Journal of International and Security Studies, 2017

Study design: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Objectives: The burden of care among primary ... more Study design:
A descriptive cross-sectional study.

Setting:
Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Central European Journal of International and Security Studies, 2016

In “Philosophical Investigations”, published in 1958, Ludwig Wittgenstein, an Austrian born Cambr... more In “Philosophical Investigations”, published in 1958, Ludwig Wittgenstein, an Austrian born Cambridge scholar, expressed his thoughts concerning language. Wittgenstein proposed the idea that philosophy aims to clear up the conceptual confusions that caused by untested use of language.
The concept of language-games points at the rule-governed character of language. However, language games do not demand strict and definite systems of rules for every language game, but point to the conventional nature of this type of human activity.
Wittgenstein’s hypothesis found its way beyond philosophy. Close observation of the nature of arts and politics resembles that of the nature of games. This book provides a critical analysis of the concept of language game and its prominence in contemporary social science and arts, with privilege of Wittgenstein’s general reflections on philosophy and linguistics.

This book consists of two analytic papers. The first chapter of this book entitled “System Analys... more This book consists of two analytic papers. The first chapter of this book entitled “System Analysis, Design and Construction” reviews studies conducted on information system. As a case study it evaluates a system for schools and departments which assesses students through a number of assessment components. It demonstrates a practical design in decision-making at the Pass/Fail boundary, the mathematical fundamentals in the application of these policies and inherent in marks. It also proposes processes involved in error-estimation by the raters. The second chapter of the book entitled “Easy Reading Online Bookstore System” discusses development of an online bookstore, which includes various necessary components including shopping mechanism, purchasing statistics, and management tools. The paper concentrates on the design of the data base and its integration with the implemented system.

This book reviews my recent studies conducted on computer networks with a systematic approach. Th... more This book reviews my recent studies conducted on computer networks with a systematic approach. The research discussions include studies of field of view, introduction to technology, spin-off network, development and evaluation of technology, network topology, and wireless networks. The purpose of this book is to draw a concrete perspective of applicable designs in networking industry and alternative approaches. Hence principles and techniques of applied designs of a home network and an organization including necessary network designs, programming languages, transmission medium, and essential hardware and software are debated.

Mao Zedong had developed the Three Worlds Theory; however, after the dissolution of Soviet Union,... more Mao Zedong had developed the Three Worlds Theory; however, after the dissolution of Soviet Union, Third World has been used interchangeably with least developed countries and somehow conveys poverty.

Nevertheless, the term Third World has also been used to describe some rich countries with very high Gross Domestic Product or even high Human Development Index; therefore, poverty is not always economical, and roots within society.

The nature of society is rooted in culture, which is set of ideas, norms, and values; and structure, which is the fundamental organization of society into its institutions, groups, statuses, and roles. While evaluating the difference between “real culture” and “ideal culture”, lead us to understand that cultural values are not always consistent, even within the same society.

Global poverty dates back to centuries of plunder and confiscation of land and riches from the indigenous people under the flag of colonialism and exploitation. Over years, exploitation has led the current economic system being funded by the poor through theft of land and natural resources, unfair debt settlement, and unjust taxes on labor and consumption.

Social inequality – in sense of distribution of material possessions, money, power, prestige, relationship – whether within societies or among them is a topic at the heart of sociology.

The theory of a “Culture of Poverty” describes the combination of factors that perpetuate patterns of inequality and poverty in society. This theory states that living in conditions of prevalent poverty leads to the development of a culture or subculture adapted to those conditions, and characterized by prevalent feelings of vulnerability, dependency, marginality, and feebleness.

The myth of the Culture of Poverty, intensifying Cultural Poverty, Cycle of poverty or development trap, insufficiency of materialist information society, necessity of knowledge society, and other key factors in crafting the third world are discussed in this book.

“The Third World; Country or People” takes a systematic approach to the analysis of human lives and interactions and evaluates various fields including anthropology, economics, political science, ethnic studies, area studies, gender studies, cultural studies.

Economics is the nexus and engine that runs society, affecting societal well-being, raising stand... more Economics is the nexus and engine that runs society, affecting societal well-being, raising standards of living when economies prosper or lowering citizens through class structures when economies perform poorly. Our society only has to witness the booms and busts of the past decade to see how economics profoundly affects the cores of societies around the world. From a household budget to international trade, economics ranges from the micro- to the macro-level. It relates to a breadth of social science disciplines that help describe the content of the proposed encyclopedia, which will explicitly approach economics through varied disciplinary lenses. Although there are encyclopedias of covering economics (especially classic economic theory and history), the SAGE Encyclopedia of Economics and Society emphasizes the contemporary world, contemporary issues, and society.

سومین همایش سالانه انجمن علمی مطالعات صلح ایران: علوم انسانی و اجتماعی وصلح, 2019

پژوهشگران پدیده‌ی تروریسم را از مواضع مختلفی من‌جمله سیاسی، اقتصادی، روانشناختی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی،... more پژوهشگران پدیده‌ی تروریسم را از مواضع مختلفی من‌جمله سیاسی، اقتصادی، روانشناختی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی، و دینی مورد مطالعه قرار داده‌اند. علی رغم وجود تعاریف متعدد و غیرواحدی از مفهوم تروریسم و تروریست بیان شده است که بطور کلی بیانگر دیدگاه ارائه دهنده‌ی آن است، اجماعی بر دسته بندی تروریسم یراساس نوع (مانند دولتی، مذهبی، پاتولوژیک، سایبری، نارکوتروریسم و بیوتروریسم)، مقیاس (داخلی و بین المللی) ، انگیزه‌ها و اهداف آن وجود دارد. همچنین، ریشه‌ها و علل تروریسم می‌تواند منشاء داخلی (مانند شاخص‌های اجتماعی، اقتصادی، سیاسی و فرهنگی) و خارجی (مانند استعمار و پسا استعمار، درگیری‌های منطقه‌ای و دشمنی‌های تاریخی، دولت درمانده و مناطق بی قانون، و نفوذ فرهنگ و سبک زندگی بیگانه) داشته باشد. چنین زمینه‌هایی می توانند به عنوان علل اشتراکی در نظر گرفته شوند و صرفاً بیانگر دلایل احتمالی تبدیل یک فرد به یک عضو بالقوه سازمان‌های تروریستی می‌باشد ولی به ندرت توضیحی درباره‌ی چگونگی جذب آن فرد به سازمان‌های تروریستی ارائه می‌کنند. از این رو، شناسایی علل ظهور تروریسم و عضویت افراد در سازمان ‌های تروریستی از اهمیت ویژه‌ای به منظور مبارزه و جلوگیری از آن برخوردار است. با توجه به اینکه نسل اول رویکردهای روانشناختی به خشونت تروریستی اساساً از تئوری روانکاوی نشئت می‌گرفتند و دیگر توجیه کننده‌ی تروریسم مدرن نیستند، این پژوهش با رویکردی سیستماتیک مبنی بر روش پدیدارشناسی به ارزیابی دلایل اصلی تروریسم بویژه از منظر اجتماعی و رفتاری می‌پردازد. هدف این پژوهش مطرح کردن و پاسخ دادن به سؤالات کلیدی شامل دلایل افراد برای حمایت، عضویت، و ترک سازمان های تروریستی، مناسب بودن علم آسیب‌شناسی روانی برای درک و جلوگیری از تروریسم، و نقش ایدئولوژی، هویت و تعلق در رفتار تروریستی می‌باشد.

واژگان کلیدی: روانشناسی تروریسم، ذهن تروریست، ریشه های تروریسم، دلایل تروریسم، افراط گرایی

The First Biennial Conference on Contemporary Iranian Studies, 2019

Owing to the escalating regional rivalries and the conventional arms race, Iran’s post-revolution... more Owing to the escalating regional rivalries and the conventional arms race, Iran’s post-revolutionary hostilities towards the West, in addition to the crucial geopolitical and economic significance of the region, the complex Iranian nuclear crisis has made the global leaders to brood over the multilateral Iranian negotiations with the P5+1 and the International Atomic Energy Agency, which led to finalization and adoption of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action in 2015. The United Kingdom as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, a nuclear state, the bridge to the Cross-Atlantic relations, in addition to its noted ‘special relationship’ with the United States, and having over two centuries of political ties with Iran has constantly played a crucial role in all stages of the negotiations and tightening the imposed embargoes. Indeed, ever since the 1979 Revolution the Anglo-Iranian relations have been volatile and have suffered from tension, instability, and upheavals; despite reconciliation in 1998 and some prominent diplomatic accomplishments in nuclear negotiations the sour relations had strained by several incidents in the past two decades. This study addresses the Anglo-Iranian relations and attempts to provide theoretical scrutiny of the UK foreign policy on the Iranian nuclear program and clarify the British approach through the lens of game theories with respect to neorealism, classical realism, neoclassical realism, and liberalism perspectives.

Media and Information Literacy Seminar: Media and Information Literate Citizens, 2019

The First International Conference on Chinese Studies, 2019

From the animosity of the Cold War era, the rapprochement in 1972, normalization of relations in ... more From the animosity of the Cold War era, the rapprochement in 1972, normalization of relations in 1979, to rising China and the current trade war, the US-China relationship has emerged and been regarded as an important relationship in global politics, and distinctively significant in the shaping of world order. The United States, a fount of modern think tanks, is home to approximately 30% of the total in the world. These think tanks were gradually embedded into American politics and exercise undoubtedly significant influence in the policymaking process, particularly foreign affairs. Hence, as an emerging global power, China has been the subject of US think tanks debate from different perspectives, such as economy, military, and foreign affairs. This study reviews the post-World War II US-China relations, addresses China’s economic and military rise, its territorial claims and provides policy options for balancing cooperation and conflict in each of these matters. Given that the assimilation of perspectives of American think tanks can foster comprehending the perception of the US regarding China’s rise and Washington-Beijing relations, this internet-mediated research based on foreign policy analysis with the principal focus on agency at institutional level takes a systematic approach to discuss China policy debates among the US think tanks. The objective is to offer an overall review of the China policy debate in the US over the past two decades, whereas the chief focus is dedicated to the perceptions of China in American think tanks about the concepts of “China collapse”, “China threat” and “China responsibilities”; furthermore, providing an assessment of the impact of think tanks on China’s most-favored-nation (MFN) treatment, the legislature on permanent normal trade relations (PNTR), and contemporary trade relations between the two countries.

International Conference on Peace and Conflict Resolution, 2019

The phenomena of terrorism and other politically motivated violence have been assessed across dif... more The phenomena of terrorism and other politically motivated violence have been assessed across different disciplines from political science and economics to theology and psychology. Whereas the definitions of the concepts of “terrorism” and “terrorist” are disputed and they rather reflect the perspectives of the defining entity, there is a common consensus that terrorism can be classified in terms of its type (such as state-sponsored, dissent, religious, pathological, narco-, cyber-, and bioterrorism), the scale (i.e. domestic vs. international), motives, and objectives. By the same token, the roots and causes of terrorism can be enumerated as internal sources (such as social, economic, political, and cultural indicators) and external sources (such as colonialism and neocolonialism, regional conflicts and historical enmities, failed/failing states and lawless areas, and the penetration of foreign cultures and lifestyles). Although such grounds can be considered as the collective causes, they can merely address how one becomes a potential appropriate recruit for terrorist organizations. Hence, identifying the causes of terrorism is of paramount significance in order to both combat and most importantly prevent terrorism. Given that the first generation of psychological approaches to terrorist violence, chiefly drawing from psychoanalytic theory, has basically run its course, this study takes a systematic approach to evaluate the root causes of terrorism, particularly from social and behavioral perspectives, and attempts to address some key questions such as the progress of and reasons for individuals supporting, joining and leaving terrorist organizations, the relevance of psychopathology to comprehending and preventing terrorism, and the roles of ideology, identity, and belonging in terrorist behavior.

Cyberspace Vision Seminar: Guide to Trends, Patterns, and Developments in 2019 and Beyond, 2019

4th Congress of Self-Care and Patient Education, 2016

Objective: Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes many complications, which can be prevented or minimize... more Objective: Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes many complications, which can be prevented or minimized through patient education (PE).One of the most important step in patient education is need assessment. The aim of this survey was the views of patients with SCI on the educational needs of family and society. Methodology: This research is based on a survey containing open- and closed-ended questions and a number of dichotomous questions. The questionnaire was emailed to the participants with spinal cord injuries who had been informed about the survey. All the variables have been coded by Descriptive Coding and Values Coding approaches. Results: Sixty one participants completed the questionnaire. The educational needs of family were: training on all fundamental and basic aspects related to their circumstance, psychological and communicative trainings. About the educational needs of society they believed that the society has not received the adequate cultural and social trainings, the lack or perhaps the scarce of social and behavioral skills are the greatest concerns of other patients who suffer from the SCI. They happen to believe the members of the society require receiving appropriate instruction to develop the common sense of understanding and acceptance the disabled members of the society. Conclusion: Understanding the educational needs of family and society lead to effective program of patient education. Keywords: SCI, educational needs, family, society

La crisis migratoria actual amenaza los propios cimientos de la UE y existe el riesgo de que reav... more La crisis migratoria actual amenaza los propios cimientos de la UE y existe el riesgo de que reavive las tensiones entre los países europeos, sobre todo en los que históricamente se ha producido derramamiento de sangre.

The Journal of Cyberspace Studies [JCSS] is an international peer-reviewed open access journal wi... more The Journal of Cyberspace Studies [JCSS] is an international peer-reviewed open access journal with no publication charges, costs or fees for publication.
The JCSS is biannually published by University of Tehran on behalf of the “Cyberspace Policy Research Center” and the “UNESCO Chair on Cyberspace and Culture: Dual Spacization of the World” with links to UNESCO's IFAP thematic priorities.
The JCSS welcomes reviews of recently published scholarly monographs and textbooks that provide analysis and comment that can contribute to the advancement of the journal’s scope.
The Review Editor determines the length of a review; review of a single textbook or monograph is 750-1200 words and review of two or more titles 1500-2500 words.
We expect the reviewers to provide short, accessible and authoritative reviews in a timely manner. Reviewers undertake reviews without any payment; however, they can keep the books they have covered.
While we expect reviewers to deploy their scholarly expertise in reviewing books in their subfields, we also hope that all book reviews will be readable for the broader readership
Submission and Inquiries:
We welcome proposals for review articles. To request a book to review or other related inquiries, contact the Review Editor, Alireza Salehi Nejad, at salehinejad@ut.ac.ir.
Please clarify the theme, its significance, the list of book(s) to be covered, and provide us with your name, institutional affiliation and brief details of your research interests and publications.

The International Journal of Cyber Warfare and Terrorism (IJCWT) publishes original innovative fi... more The International Journal of Cyber Warfare and Terrorism (IJCWT) publishes original innovative findings on ethical, political, legal, and social issues relating to security and cybernetic wars. This journal focuses on cyber warfare and terrorism using examples from around the world. IJCWT journal covers technical aspects, management issues, social issues, and government issues that relate to cyber warfare and terrorism. Prospective authors should note that only original and previously unpublished articles will be considered. INTERESTED AUTHORS MUST CONSULT THE JOURNAL'S GUIDELINES FOR MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSIONS at http://www.igi-global.com/journals/guidelines-for-submission.aspx PRIOR TO SUBMISSION. All article submissions will be forwarded to at least 3 members of the Editorial Review Board of the journal for double-blind, peer review. Final decision regarding acceptance/revision/rejection will be based on the reviews received from the reviewers. All submissions must be forwarded electronically. All submissions and inquiries should be directed to the attention of: Graeme Pye, graeme.pye@deakin.edu.au All manuscript submissions to IJCWT should be sent through the online submission system: MISSION The mission of the International Journal of Cyber Warfare and Terrorism (IJCWT) is to explore a range of security related topics and generate research debates in relation to cyber warfare and terrorism. Targeting researchers, practitioners, academicians, government officials, military p rofessionals and other industry professionals, IJCWT provides a forum to discuss human, technical, and policy issues in relation to cyber warfare and terrorism.

پژوهشگران پدیده تروریسم را از مواضع مختلفی ازجمله سیاسی، اقتصادی، روانشناختی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی و د... more پژوهشگران پدیده تروریسم را از مواضع مختلفی ازجمله سیاسی، اقتصادی، روانشناختی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی و دینی مورد مطالعه قرار دادهاند. علیرغم وجود تعاریف متعدد و غیرواحدی از مفهوم تروریسم و تروریست بیان شده است که به طور کلی بیانگر دیدگاه ارائه دهنده آن است، اجماعی بر دسته بندی تروریسم یراساس نوع (مانند دولتی، مذهبی، پاتولوژیک، سایبری، نارکوتروریسم و بیوتروریسم)، مقیاس (داخلی و بین المللی)، انگیزه ها و اهداف آن وجود دارد. همچنین، ریشه ها و علل تروریسم می تواند منشا داخلی (مانند شاخص های اجتماعی، اقتصادی، سیاسی و فرهنگی) و خارجی (مانند استعمار و پسااستعمار، درگیری های منطقه ای و دشمنی های تاریخی، دولت درمانده و مناطق بی قانون، و نفوذ فرهنگ و سبک زندگی بیگانه) داشته باشد. چنین زمینه هایی می توانند به عنوان علل اشتراکی در نظر گرفته شوند و صرفا بیانگر دلایل احتمالی تبدیل یک فرد به یک عضو بالقوه سازمانهای تروریستی است ولی بهندرت توضیحی درباره چگونگی جذب آن فرد به سازمان های تروریستی ارائه می کنند. از این رو، شناسایی علل ظهور تروریسم و عضویت افراد در سازمانهای تروریستی از اهمیت ویژهای به منظور مب...

The First Biennial Conference on Contemporary Iranian Studies, Nov 3, 2019

A twelve-step spectrum of a research endeavor, from problem formulation through to writing a rese... more A twelve-step spectrum of a research endeavor, from problem formulation through to writing a research report. These steps follow a logical sequence, and can demonstrate various methods and procedures in a simple step-by step manner

The Global Media and Information Literacy (MIL) Week commemorates the progress in achieving “MIL ... more The Global Media and Information Literacy (MIL) Week commemorates the progress in achieving “MIL for all” by aggregating various MIL-related local and international events and actions across different disciplines around the world. The MIL Global Week 2018, 24 to 31 October, was marked by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in collaboration with various organizations including the UN Alliance of Civilizations (UNAOC), the Global Alliance for Partnership on MIL (GAPMIL), the International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA), the International Association of School Libraries (IASL), and the UNESCO-UNAOC University Cooperation Programme on Media and Information Literacy and Intercultural Dialogue (MILID).

Central European Journal of International and Security Studies, 2016

Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia), 2018

To explore individuals` perception of the personal, family and societal educational needs followi... more To explore individuals` perception of the personal, family and societal educational needs following a spinal cord injury (SCI). Sixty-one patients who sustained a traumatic SCI between March 2015 and June 2016 referred to Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center (BASIR) were included in a cross sectional study and completed an online survey containing open-and closed-ended questions, in Iran. Participants` responses were analyzed using a qualitative approach with a thematic analysis. Following a thematic analysis of the patient`s perceived educational needs, 3 themes and 14 subthemes were identified. The 3 themes included personal, family, and societal educational perceived needs. Within personal educational needs, there were 7 subthemes which included personal independence and transportation, financial independence, life skills modification, knowledge about SCI, prevention of SCI complications, relationships and sexual function, and psychological adjustments. Among family educa...

Spinal cord, Jan 14, 2018

This was a qualitative study conducted using an interpretative phenomenological approach. This st... more This was a qualitative study conducted using an interpretative phenomenological approach. This study investigated the experience of pregnancy and childbirth in women with spinal cord injury (SCI). Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The data were collected using telecommunication and face-to-face semi-structured interviews with eight women with SCI. The study employed the interpretative phenomenological approach suggested by Van Manen in 2016 and thematic analysis to provide a comprehensive understanding of the childbearing experience of women with SCI. MAXQDA 10 software was used to manage the collected data. Five main themes have emerged from data analysis: "revivification", "fear and concern of motherhood with SCI", "flawed health care system", "maternal experience under a supportive umbrella", and "strengthening spirituality and religious belief". Childbearing had a p...

Political Studies Review, 2016

makes a series of important and perceptive contributions to the debate on Britain's evolving (ter... more makes a series of important and perceptive contributions to the debate on Britain's evolving (terminal) relationship with the EU and its place within the wider global political economy more generally.

Publons reviews and discussion, 2017

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 2004

(TSH) 0.11 mU/L (0.35 to 5.5), free triiodothyronine (T3) 5.2 (3.5 to 6.5), free thyroxine (T4) 1... more (TSH) 0.11 mU/L (0.35 to 5.5), free triiodothyronine (T3) 5.2 (3.5 to 6.5), free thyroxine (T4) 18 (11 to 23), and thyroglobulin 25.5 (< 43). Other routine blood tests and computed tomography imaging of her head were normal. Given the suppressed TSH, she was diagnosed with borderline hyperthyroidism.

Publons reviews and discussion, 2016

Science, 2016

A history of the longest-running birth cohort study reveals how much has been learned from the li... more A history of the longest-running birth cohort study reveals how much has been learned from the lives of 70,000 Britons

International Affairs, 2016