Zvi Hartman | Tel Aviv University (original) (raw)
PhD History
Zvi Hartman
PhD dissertation in Modern Jewish History, Haifa University on the topic:
A Jewish Minority in a Multi-ethnic Society during Change of
Governments: The Jews of Transylvania between the Two World Wars
Positions
1975-1983: worked in research at the Soviet and East European Research Center, Tel Aviv University
1989-2004: Researcher at the Diaspora Research Institute, Tel AvivUniversity
1993-2000: Head of the Carpatho-Russian Jewry Project at the Diaspora Research Institute, Tel Aviv University
Awards
1967-1968 appointed one of the best students of the year at Haifa University
2003 Keren kayemet - Outstanding MA student
2008- Yad Vashem - Outstanding PhD student
2010 Yankulovici Prize for Romanian-Jewish culture
Books:
• Anti-Semitism in Romania – The Image of the Jew in the Romanian Society – Bibliography, Tel-AvivUniversity 1993, 62 pp.
• The History of the Romanian Jewry – Bibliography, (ed.) Second Ed., Tel-AvivUniversity (in press).
Articles:
I published a number of articles on the history of Jews in Romania, Hungary, The Failure of Assimilation, Jewish identity in multi-ethnic societies, the role of Honor in "ethnic behavior" , theories of nationalism
Since 1995 I have presented papers on the above mentioned topics at international conferences
• several times in Cluj;
• at the Iorga Institute in Bucharest;
• at the Harman Institute, Columbia University, NY;
• in LSE, London - the Nationalism Project Division;
• at CNRS, Paris;
• in Budapest at NKE university
• in Israel at Tel Aviv University , Bar Ilan University, and at theHebrew University in Jerusalem.
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Papers by Zvi Hartman
![Research paper thumbnail of [Erdélyi Magyar Adatbank] EASTERN EUROPE A JEWISH MINORITY IN A MULTIETHNIC SOCIETY During a Change of Governments: The Jews of Transylvania in the Interwar Period](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/97595600/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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His [Hitler's] völkisch paranoia reflected the identity crisis of those German Austrians who felt... more His [Hitler's] völkisch paranoia reflected the identity crisis of those German Austrians who felt increasinly on the defensive in the wake of Slav encroachment 24
The paper was delivered at LSE in 2007 but not submitted to print. It could be found here and a hard copy in MEGEYRE
Drafts by Zvi Hartman
Aduc aici prima treime a cartii mele despre rolul onoarei in comportamentul etnic in forma teo... more Aduc aici prima treime a cartii mele despre rolul onoarei in comportamentul etnic in forma teoretica si cazul de studiu al evreilori ardeleni in perioada 1867-1940. In partea adusa aici ma refer numai pana in 1918. Majoritatea lucrarii se refera la periada interbelica -ne adus aici
1. The concept of behavior among various peoples and their relation to their neighbors -a second ... more 1. The concept of behavior among various peoples and their relation to their neighbors -a second look at the ethno-symbolism and the concept of the national ego in all ethnic entities. 2. The importance of the ethnic honor of a state and its impact on the political interests and territorialism. These materialistic interests are an expression of the national status and the honor of the nation in question. To what extent does the nation oppose to giving up even a small and non strategic territory for the sake of national honor and out of fear of being looked upon as a weak nation? 3. Case study -the historical as well as historio-graphical concepts of Romania and Hungary after the 1920 Trianon Treaty. Romania and Hungary were pawns in the hands of the winning countries in WWI, a fact which evoked mixed feelings of humiliation and national honor in these two countries after the Versailles Treaty. 4. The Trianon Treaty -a trigger in the historiography of Hungary as well as a national trauma at times of socio-economic crises. 5. The manipulations of feelings used by the Hungarian and Romanian leaders to distract their peoples from social crises. 6. Playing on the strings of national honor -not only based on the manipulative ability of national leaders. In times of crises the leaders can easily play on these feelings, but without the preconditions rooted in tradition these manipulations would be impossible to exert.
Books by Zvi Hartman
First published in MEGUIRE- Chile , 2023
Abstract In, English to the Hebrew book The main part of this book focuses on the fate of the... more Abstract In, English to the Hebrew book
The main part of this book focuses on the fate of the Jews in Transylvania, where the liberal elites and the fascists in the two main ethnic groups were fighting for preeminence. I concentrate on the time they received emancipation together with the Jews of Hungary in 1867 until the beginning of the exclusion in 1940 by anti-Jewish laws in Greater Hungary, and ultimately the extermination of the Transylvanian Jewry as part of the New Great Hungary in 1944.
In his book "The Night" Elie Wiesel describes the horrors of the deportation of the Jews of Maramarossziget, one of the cities in Transylvania, then part of Hungary, from their homes to the Auschwitz crematoria in May-June 1944. This was one of the many transports on cattle trains to the extermination camps.
Over 150,000 Jews in Northern Transylvania were being transported by the Germans with significant assistance by the Hungarian authorities.
From the entire area of Greater Hungary, about 560.000 Jews were condemned to this cruel death.These Jews were the great-grandchildren of those Jews who were granted emancipation and received equal rights in 1867, by the ancestors of these Hungarians.
In order to perceive the basis of this conflict I first describe the struggle of power between the liberal elites and the fascists inInterwar Europe, especially in the Eastern Central part of the Continent where there were inherent conflicts between nationalist and liberal forces, both in the mono-ethnic societies and in the even more complex multi-ethnic societies. It was a struggle for ethnic honor in multi-ethnic societies that often prevailed over utilitarian considerations
In the new nation states created after the Versailles agreements in 1918-1919, two main ideological camps emerged – the Nationalists and the Liberals. The Nationalist movements in Europe were effective in influencing the masses.They enabled unification between the different shades of clerical and secular nationalism in many countries, often due to a charismatic leader who managed to indoctrinate the majority of the people by using shallow nationalist slogans. Consequently, during one or two decades nationalism and fascist currents were in the majority in the various states.
The liberal movements on the other hand, had a universal view on human rights, where everyone should be equal, regardless of race, color of skin, and sex. Even though the differences between the various liberal movements were subtle they could not reach a compromise. There were frequent arguments as to which liberal movement most deserved the honor in their fight for freedom and equality. Numerically, all the liberal movements were at a certain point between the two wars in the minority in their respective countries.
.
His [Hitler's] völkisch paranoia reflected the identity crisis of those German Austrians who felt... more His [Hitler's] völkisch paranoia reflected the identity crisis of those German Austrians who felt increasinly on the defensive in the wake of Slav encroachment 24
The paper was delivered at LSE in 2007 but not submitted to print. It could be found here and a hard copy in MEGEYRE
Aduc aici prima treime a cartii mele despre rolul onoarei in comportamentul etnic in forma teo... more Aduc aici prima treime a cartii mele despre rolul onoarei in comportamentul etnic in forma teoretica si cazul de studiu al evreilori ardeleni in perioada 1867-1940. In partea adusa aici ma refer numai pana in 1918. Majoritatea lucrarii se refera la periada interbelica -ne adus aici
1. The concept of behavior among various peoples and their relation to their neighbors -a second ... more 1. The concept of behavior among various peoples and their relation to their neighbors -a second look at the ethno-symbolism and the concept of the national ego in all ethnic entities. 2. The importance of the ethnic honor of a state and its impact on the political interests and territorialism. These materialistic interests are an expression of the national status and the honor of the nation in question. To what extent does the nation oppose to giving up even a small and non strategic territory for the sake of national honor and out of fear of being looked upon as a weak nation? 3. Case study -the historical as well as historio-graphical concepts of Romania and Hungary after the 1920 Trianon Treaty. Romania and Hungary were pawns in the hands of the winning countries in WWI, a fact which evoked mixed feelings of humiliation and national honor in these two countries after the Versailles Treaty. 4. The Trianon Treaty -a trigger in the historiography of Hungary as well as a national trauma at times of socio-economic crises. 5. The manipulations of feelings used by the Hungarian and Romanian leaders to distract their peoples from social crises. 6. Playing on the strings of national honor -not only based on the manipulative ability of national leaders. In times of crises the leaders can easily play on these feelings, but without the preconditions rooted in tradition these manipulations would be impossible to exert.
First published in MEGUIRE- Chile , 2023
Abstract In, English to the Hebrew book The main part of this book focuses on the fate of the... more Abstract In, English to the Hebrew book
The main part of this book focuses on the fate of the Jews in Transylvania, where the liberal elites and the fascists in the two main ethnic groups were fighting for preeminence. I concentrate on the time they received emancipation together with the Jews of Hungary in 1867 until the beginning of the exclusion in 1940 by anti-Jewish laws in Greater Hungary, and ultimately the extermination of the Transylvanian Jewry as part of the New Great Hungary in 1944.
In his book "The Night" Elie Wiesel describes the horrors of the deportation of the Jews of Maramarossziget, one of the cities in Transylvania, then part of Hungary, from their homes to the Auschwitz crematoria in May-June 1944. This was one of the many transports on cattle trains to the extermination camps.
Over 150,000 Jews in Northern Transylvania were being transported by the Germans with significant assistance by the Hungarian authorities.
From the entire area of Greater Hungary, about 560.000 Jews were condemned to this cruel death.These Jews were the great-grandchildren of those Jews who were granted emancipation and received equal rights in 1867, by the ancestors of these Hungarians.
In order to perceive the basis of this conflict I first describe the struggle of power between the liberal elites and the fascists inInterwar Europe, especially in the Eastern Central part of the Continent where there were inherent conflicts between nationalist and liberal forces, both in the mono-ethnic societies and in the even more complex multi-ethnic societies. It was a struggle for ethnic honor in multi-ethnic societies that often prevailed over utilitarian considerations
In the new nation states created after the Versailles agreements in 1918-1919, two main ideological camps emerged – the Nationalists and the Liberals. The Nationalist movements in Europe were effective in influencing the masses.They enabled unification between the different shades of clerical and secular nationalism in many countries, often due to a charismatic leader who managed to indoctrinate the majority of the people by using shallow nationalist slogans. Consequently, during one or two decades nationalism and fascist currents were in the majority in the various states.
The liberal movements on the other hand, had a universal view on human rights, where everyone should be equal, regardless of race, color of skin, and sex. Even though the differences between the various liberal movements were subtle they could not reach a compromise. There were frequent arguments as to which liberal movement most deserved the honor in their fight for freedom and equality. Numerically, all the liberal movements were at a certain point between the two wars in the minority in their respective countries.
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