rokhedi santoso | Universitas Gajah Mada (original) (raw)

Papers by rokhedi santoso

Jurnal Kebijakan Ekonomi dan Keuangan

Purpose – This paper aims to analyze the effect of electronic money payment instruments and macro... more Purpose – This paper aims to analyze the effect of electronic money payment instruments and macroeconomic variables - inflation, exchange rates, foreign direct investment, and the labor force - economic growth. Methods – This study uses the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) method to determine the relationship amongst variables in the long and short run. The data is a quarterly time series for the period 2011:1-2020:4. Findings – The research finds that transactions using electronic money have a positive and significant impact in the long term. In addition, foreign direct investment has also a positive and significant impact in the long term. Inflation and the labor force have a negative effect on economic growth in the long run, while the exchange rate has a negative effect in the short term. Implication – This research recommends that electronic money can promote economic growth in Indonesia. Originality – This study contributes to empirical literatures on the relationship betw...

Economies

Labor market dualism has caused a persistent wage gap between formal and informal workers in Indo... more Labor market dualism has caused a persistent wage gap between formal and informal workers in Indonesia. This study aimed to decompose the wage difference between formal and informal workers based on cohorts in Indonesia and further analyze the factors that influence this gap. This allowed us to identify the structure of the labor market and whether it tends to be segmented or competitive. By controlling the cohort, the estimation result was compatible with the human capital accumulation argument. The data sourced from the 2010 and 2019 National Labor Surveys comprised 581,312 and 503,313 workers, respectively. This study used the threefold Heckman selection-biased corrected Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition technique. The results showed that the wage gap between formal and informal workers is decreasing, especially among the younger cohort. Among this cohort, the labor market is still segmented, although the degree of segmentation is lower. In contrast, the older cohort labor market is m...

UPP STIM YKPN, 2012

xiv, 186 hal; 21 c

Journal of POPULATION and SOCIAL STUDIES (Online), Sep 8, 2022

Although empowering women provides advantages for women and their children and family, the long-t... more Although empowering women provides advantages for women and their children and family, the long-term advantage is yet to be deeply studied. By utilizing 14 years of longitudinal information, this study investigated the link between empowerment and later life well-being among women. Data from two later rounds of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS3 [2000] & IFLS5 [2014/2015]) were analyzed using logistic regression with robust standard error. Results showed that unempowered women were more likely to have trouble in activities of daily living (ADL) in older age. When the analysis was specified based on living locations, empowerment among women living on the island of Java had no statistical association with later life well-being. In contrast, empowerment among women living off the island of Java was highly significant in affecting ADL problems with double strength in magnitude as that of the general sample. This finding provided insight into the vital role that empowerment plays in older adults' well-being, especially those living off the island of Java. Moreover, having a chronic disease is associated with having a higher likelihood of difficulties with ADL. Older adults who were involved in paid activities are found to perform better in ADL than older persons not working. Furthermore, having more family members impacts the likelihood of difficulties with women's ADL.

Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, 2009

The rate of deforestation in Indonesia is higher than the world average. The lack of property rig... more The rate of deforestation in Indonesia is higher than the world average. The lack of property rights could potentially result in overexploitation on forest resources. This paper argues that the presence of assigned property rights (natural forest concession) would prevent further deforestation in Indonesia. Using panel data estimation, the main result is that natural forest concession is negatively significant in influencing deforestation in Indonesia. This effect is explained by relatively high of the elasticity of deforestation rates with respect to area of assigned natural forest concession accounted for 0.33. This elasticity outweighs the positive significant effect of logs production in worsening deforestation in Indonesia.

Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, 2003

This research aimed to analyze the potential of regional financing from regional debt both short ... more This research aimed to analyze the potential of regional financing from regional debt both short run and long run debt in DIY. The criterias General Revenue and Debt Service Coverage Ratio as regulated in PP 107/2000 are used to decide whether the regional government is eligible to borrow long run debt. Because all of regions are eligible according to General Revenue criteria, so the eligibility is only determined by DSCR criteria. Over period 1995 – 2002, DCSR fluctuates especially in crisis period. However, the short run eligibility criteria can not disclose the real financing needed For that reason, it is needed advance criteria that is more representative. Key word: regional debt, financing, DSCR

Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 2020

The informal households are considered to be the most vulnerable to any idiosyncratic shocks rath... more The informal households are considered to be the most vulnerable to any idiosyncratic shocks rather than the formal ones. Unfortunately, the established literatures mostly do not specifically emphasize the analysis of this group. This study contributes to literatures on the specific analysis on the effects of idiosyncratic shocks namely sickness, death, and job loss on the labor market outcomes of informal households in Indonesia. The analytical method used is the estimation of panel data with a fixed-effect model to control for unobserved heterogeneity. The data consists of 3,755 informal households taken from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) in the period of 2007/2008 and 2014/2015. Estimated results indicate that illness and job loss significantly reduce earning of self-employed households, while the number of working hours remains unchanged. On the other hand, the working hours of causal households in agriculture significantly increase when a family member is sick. Even though they work longer, their earning remains constant. These findings indicate that shocks cause a significant decline in the economic welfare of the informal households in Indonesia.

Pangsa: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan, 1998

Yogyakarta is endowed by rich natural and cultural-based tourism attractions. It significantly co... more Yogyakarta is endowed by rich natural and cultural-based tourism attractions. It significantly contributes to the revenue of regional owned-revenue in Yogyakarta. The purpose of this study is to calculate the level of efficiency and to identify the sources of inefficiency of regional owned-revenue from the tourism sub sector of five citiy/municipalities in Yogyakarta. The method used in this study is the Data Envelopment Analisys (DEA). The input variables are the number of tourists, the number of hotels, the number of tourism and travel agencies, the number of restaurants, and as well as the number of availability of supporting tourism facilities. These five input variables are combined by the output variable which is regional-owned revenue of tourism sub sector. The efficiency result shows that two regions, city of Yogyakarta and Sleman, have already reached efficiency. In contrast, the revenue from tourism sub sector of Kulon Progo has not been efficient yet.The source of efficie...

Pendidikan menjadi kunci bagi perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, namun human capital In... more Pendidikan menjadi kunci bagi perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, namun human capital Indonesia berada di peringkat yang merisaukan. Permasalahan ini menjadi semakin mendesak untuk diselesaikan karena 43% dari 250 juta penduduk berusia di bawah usia 25 tahun pada tahun 2020. Hasil analisis data cross section terhadap 440 Kabupaten/Kota se Indonesia pada tahun 2005 dan 2015 menyimpulkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kontribusi internal pertumbuhan investasi fisik dan modal manusia dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi kabupaten/kota dari 23% menjadi 32%. Namun spillover (efek spasial) human capital memperlambat pertumbuhan pendapatan per kapita kabupaten/kota yang menjadi pusat pertumbuhan (tujuan migrasi penduduk).

Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, 2008

Free trade agreement of ASEAN Plus Three will effectively be implemented in 2010. The establishme... more Free trade agreement of ASEAN Plus Three will effectively be implemented in 2010. The establishment of the free trade area will facilitate the realization of potential intra-trade as well as increasing competition of Indonesian products especially manufactures which are intensively traded with the Three. This paper is aimed at analysing the potential trade com-petition and trade complement of Indonesia manufactures to China, Japan, and Republic of Korea under that agreement. Manufactures data used are 3 digits SITC 6 between 1996 and 2006, inclusively. For that purpose, this paper employs an export similarity index (ESI) to identify competitive trade relation; and intra-industry trade index (IIT) to determine com-plementary trade relation. The main finding is that Indonesia and China has more competi-tive trade relation for all categories of manufactures. Both countries have greater similarity in their export structures than that of Japan and Republic of Korea. Conversely, Indonesia...

This study was to analyse the efficiency and effectiveness of provincial road infrastructure perf... more This study was to analyse the efficiency and effectiveness of provincial road infrastructure performance Yogyakarta Province. The indicators of the efficiency measurement are congestion level, road maintenance, rehabilitation and improvement and the cost. Using the data envelopment analysis method, there was an only one out of fourteen road segment that is fully efficient. On average the efficiency level was quite low that is 34.9 percent due to equally treated system by local government regardless its utilization level. Whereas the effectiveness of road performance is measured by the satisfaction level using indicator of value for time and money, comfort and convenience, safety aspect, travel amenities and road signs. The satisfaction level of road user toward performance of the most efficient road segment is relatively high that is 73.73%.

This study is to determine the level of income inequality in Indonesia period for 2006-2011 and t... more This study is to determine the level of income inequality in Indonesia period for 2006-2011 and to test whether the inequality increased significantly during that period. In addition, the purpose of this study was to map the pattern of regional classification based on economic growth. Technical analysis of inequality used is the Williamson Index and Theil Entropy Index. The Paired Sample T-Test is used to determine the significance of inequality growth from 2006 to 2011. Meanwhile the regional growth pattern was analyzed by Klassen typology. The research data includes the number of Indonesian population and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita per province. According to the index calculation of Williamson, the level of income inequality in Indonesia tends to increase by 0.83 in 2011. Based on the Paired Sample T-Test it is found that the Williamson Index in 2011 increased significantly compared to that of in 2006. In contrast the Theil Index show the decreasing trend of income in...

Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, 2009

The rate of deforestation in Indonesia is higher than the world average. The lack of property rig... more The rate of deforestation in Indonesia is higher than the world average. The lack of property rights could potentially result in overexploitation on forest resources. This paper argues that the presence of assigned property rights (natural forest concession) would prevent further deforestation in Indonesia. Using panel data estimation, the main result is that natural forest concession is negatively significant in influencing deforestation in Indonesia. This effect is explained by relatively high of the elasticity of deforestation rates with respect to area of assigned natural forest concession accounted for 0.33. This elasticity outweighs the positive significant effect of logs production in worsening deforestation in Indonesia. Keywords: deforestation, property right, natural forest concession, panel data

Poverty is a multidimensional problem. Poverty should be understood not only in terms of economic... more Poverty is a multidimensional problem. Poverty should be understood not only in terms of economic disability, but also the failure to fulfill the basic rights and differentiation of treatment for a person or group of people in living a life of dignity. The Government of Yogyakarta Special Region has adopted a right-based approach which means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the poor gradually. However, these efforts are not yet optimal. This study is to evaluate poverty alleviation policies in Indonesia through a One Faculty One Village Model (OFOV), a model to overcome poverty by involving the role of universities in rural and urban life. The sampling method is convenience method in Yogyakarta Special Region based on primary and secondary data in 2018. The sample in this study were community, village government, university students, field supervisor, field assistant program of Student Study Service and Community Service. To test the res...

Economic Journal of Emerging Markets

This study investigates the competitiveness of Indonesian and Malaysian palm oil export with spec... more This study investigates the competitiveness of Indonesian and Malaysian palm oil export with special focus on five major importing countries, namely China, Singapore, India, Pakistan, and Netherlands, from 2001 to 2014. The methods used are Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) and Constant Market Share (CMS). Findings/Originality: The RCA and RSCA calculations show that Indonesia and Malaysia have positive indices. Yet, Indonesia's RCA and RSCA indices from 2001 to 2014 are higher than those of Malaysia. It demonstrates that Indonesia's palm oil is more competitive than that of Malaysia. Based on CMS calculation, the findings show the following. Firstly, palm oil commodity is influenced by high demand from 2001 to 2014 in five major importing countries. Secondly, both countries have concentrated on the export commodity whose markets have been growing relatively fast. Thirdly, Indonesia's palm oil commodity experiences rapid growth in the selected markets while Malaysia experiences stagnant growth. Overall, Indonesia's palm oil competitiveness is higher than that of Malaysia in five major importing countries.

Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, 2003

This research aimed to analyze the potential of regional financing from regional debt both short ... more This research aimed to analyze the potential of regional financing from regional debt both short run and long run debt in DIY.

Jurnal Kebijakan Ekonomi dan Keuangan

Purpose – This paper aims to analyze the effect of electronic money payment instruments and macro... more Purpose – This paper aims to analyze the effect of electronic money payment instruments and macroeconomic variables - inflation, exchange rates, foreign direct investment, and the labor force - economic growth. Methods – This study uses the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) method to determine the relationship amongst variables in the long and short run. The data is a quarterly time series for the period 2011:1-2020:4. Findings – The research finds that transactions using electronic money have a positive and significant impact in the long term. In addition, foreign direct investment has also a positive and significant impact in the long term. Inflation and the labor force have a negative effect on economic growth in the long run, while the exchange rate has a negative effect in the short term. Implication – This research recommends that electronic money can promote economic growth in Indonesia. Originality – This study contributes to empirical literatures on the relationship betw...

Economies

Labor market dualism has caused a persistent wage gap between formal and informal workers in Indo... more Labor market dualism has caused a persistent wage gap between formal and informal workers in Indonesia. This study aimed to decompose the wage difference between formal and informal workers based on cohorts in Indonesia and further analyze the factors that influence this gap. This allowed us to identify the structure of the labor market and whether it tends to be segmented or competitive. By controlling the cohort, the estimation result was compatible with the human capital accumulation argument. The data sourced from the 2010 and 2019 National Labor Surveys comprised 581,312 and 503,313 workers, respectively. This study used the threefold Heckman selection-biased corrected Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition technique. The results showed that the wage gap between formal and informal workers is decreasing, especially among the younger cohort. Among this cohort, the labor market is still segmented, although the degree of segmentation is lower. In contrast, the older cohort labor market is m...

UPP STIM YKPN, 2012

xiv, 186 hal; 21 c

Journal of POPULATION and SOCIAL STUDIES (Online), Sep 8, 2022

Although empowering women provides advantages for women and their children and family, the long-t... more Although empowering women provides advantages for women and their children and family, the long-term advantage is yet to be deeply studied. By utilizing 14 years of longitudinal information, this study investigated the link between empowerment and later life well-being among women. Data from two later rounds of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS3 [2000] & IFLS5 [2014/2015]) were analyzed using logistic regression with robust standard error. Results showed that unempowered women were more likely to have trouble in activities of daily living (ADL) in older age. When the analysis was specified based on living locations, empowerment among women living on the island of Java had no statistical association with later life well-being. In contrast, empowerment among women living off the island of Java was highly significant in affecting ADL problems with double strength in magnitude as that of the general sample. This finding provided insight into the vital role that empowerment plays in older adults' well-being, especially those living off the island of Java. Moreover, having a chronic disease is associated with having a higher likelihood of difficulties with ADL. Older adults who were involved in paid activities are found to perform better in ADL than older persons not working. Furthermore, having more family members impacts the likelihood of difficulties with women's ADL.

Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, 2009

The rate of deforestation in Indonesia is higher than the world average. The lack of property rig... more The rate of deforestation in Indonesia is higher than the world average. The lack of property rights could potentially result in overexploitation on forest resources. This paper argues that the presence of assigned property rights (natural forest concession) would prevent further deforestation in Indonesia. Using panel data estimation, the main result is that natural forest concession is negatively significant in influencing deforestation in Indonesia. This effect is explained by relatively high of the elasticity of deforestation rates with respect to area of assigned natural forest concession accounted for 0.33. This elasticity outweighs the positive significant effect of logs production in worsening deforestation in Indonesia.

Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, 2003

This research aimed to analyze the potential of regional financing from regional debt both short ... more This research aimed to analyze the potential of regional financing from regional debt both short run and long run debt in DIY. The criterias General Revenue and Debt Service Coverage Ratio as regulated in PP 107/2000 are used to decide whether the regional government is eligible to borrow long run debt. Because all of regions are eligible according to General Revenue criteria, so the eligibility is only determined by DSCR criteria. Over period 1995 – 2002, DCSR fluctuates especially in crisis period. However, the short run eligibility criteria can not disclose the real financing needed For that reason, it is needed advance criteria that is more representative. Key word: regional debt, financing, DSCR

Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 2020

The informal households are considered to be the most vulnerable to any idiosyncratic shocks rath... more The informal households are considered to be the most vulnerable to any idiosyncratic shocks rather than the formal ones. Unfortunately, the established literatures mostly do not specifically emphasize the analysis of this group. This study contributes to literatures on the specific analysis on the effects of idiosyncratic shocks namely sickness, death, and job loss on the labor market outcomes of informal households in Indonesia. The analytical method used is the estimation of panel data with a fixed-effect model to control for unobserved heterogeneity. The data consists of 3,755 informal households taken from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) in the period of 2007/2008 and 2014/2015. Estimated results indicate that illness and job loss significantly reduce earning of self-employed households, while the number of working hours remains unchanged. On the other hand, the working hours of causal households in agriculture significantly increase when a family member is sick. Even though they work longer, their earning remains constant. These findings indicate that shocks cause a significant decline in the economic welfare of the informal households in Indonesia.

Pangsa: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan, 1998

Yogyakarta is endowed by rich natural and cultural-based tourism attractions. It significantly co... more Yogyakarta is endowed by rich natural and cultural-based tourism attractions. It significantly contributes to the revenue of regional owned-revenue in Yogyakarta. The purpose of this study is to calculate the level of efficiency and to identify the sources of inefficiency of regional owned-revenue from the tourism sub sector of five citiy/municipalities in Yogyakarta. The method used in this study is the Data Envelopment Analisys (DEA). The input variables are the number of tourists, the number of hotels, the number of tourism and travel agencies, the number of restaurants, and as well as the number of availability of supporting tourism facilities. These five input variables are combined by the output variable which is regional-owned revenue of tourism sub sector. The efficiency result shows that two regions, city of Yogyakarta and Sleman, have already reached efficiency. In contrast, the revenue from tourism sub sector of Kulon Progo has not been efficient yet.The source of efficie...

Pendidikan menjadi kunci bagi perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, namun human capital In... more Pendidikan menjadi kunci bagi perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, namun human capital Indonesia berada di peringkat yang merisaukan. Permasalahan ini menjadi semakin mendesak untuk diselesaikan karena 43% dari 250 juta penduduk berusia di bawah usia 25 tahun pada tahun 2020. Hasil analisis data cross section terhadap 440 Kabupaten/Kota se Indonesia pada tahun 2005 dan 2015 menyimpulkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kontribusi internal pertumbuhan investasi fisik dan modal manusia dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi kabupaten/kota dari 23% menjadi 32%. Namun spillover (efek spasial) human capital memperlambat pertumbuhan pendapatan per kapita kabupaten/kota yang menjadi pusat pertumbuhan (tujuan migrasi penduduk).

Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, 2008

Free trade agreement of ASEAN Plus Three will effectively be implemented in 2010. The establishme... more Free trade agreement of ASEAN Plus Three will effectively be implemented in 2010. The establishment of the free trade area will facilitate the realization of potential intra-trade as well as increasing competition of Indonesian products especially manufactures which are intensively traded with the Three. This paper is aimed at analysing the potential trade com-petition and trade complement of Indonesia manufactures to China, Japan, and Republic of Korea under that agreement. Manufactures data used are 3 digits SITC 6 between 1996 and 2006, inclusively. For that purpose, this paper employs an export similarity index (ESI) to identify competitive trade relation; and intra-industry trade index (IIT) to determine com-plementary trade relation. The main finding is that Indonesia and China has more competi-tive trade relation for all categories of manufactures. Both countries have greater similarity in their export structures than that of Japan and Republic of Korea. Conversely, Indonesia...

This study was to analyse the efficiency and effectiveness of provincial road infrastructure perf... more This study was to analyse the efficiency and effectiveness of provincial road infrastructure performance Yogyakarta Province. The indicators of the efficiency measurement are congestion level, road maintenance, rehabilitation and improvement and the cost. Using the data envelopment analysis method, there was an only one out of fourteen road segment that is fully efficient. On average the efficiency level was quite low that is 34.9 percent due to equally treated system by local government regardless its utilization level. Whereas the effectiveness of road performance is measured by the satisfaction level using indicator of value for time and money, comfort and convenience, safety aspect, travel amenities and road signs. The satisfaction level of road user toward performance of the most efficient road segment is relatively high that is 73.73%.

This study is to determine the level of income inequality in Indonesia period for 2006-2011 and t... more This study is to determine the level of income inequality in Indonesia period for 2006-2011 and to test whether the inequality increased significantly during that period. In addition, the purpose of this study was to map the pattern of regional classification based on economic growth. Technical analysis of inequality used is the Williamson Index and Theil Entropy Index. The Paired Sample T-Test is used to determine the significance of inequality growth from 2006 to 2011. Meanwhile the regional growth pattern was analyzed by Klassen typology. The research data includes the number of Indonesian population and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita per province. According to the index calculation of Williamson, the level of income inequality in Indonesia tends to increase by 0.83 in 2011. Based on the Paired Sample T-Test it is found that the Williamson Index in 2011 increased significantly compared to that of in 2006. In contrast the Theil Index show the decreasing trend of income in...

Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, 2009

The rate of deforestation in Indonesia is higher than the world average. The lack of property rig... more The rate of deforestation in Indonesia is higher than the world average. The lack of property rights could potentially result in overexploitation on forest resources. This paper argues that the presence of assigned property rights (natural forest concession) would prevent further deforestation in Indonesia. Using panel data estimation, the main result is that natural forest concession is negatively significant in influencing deforestation in Indonesia. This effect is explained by relatively high of the elasticity of deforestation rates with respect to area of assigned natural forest concession accounted for 0.33. This elasticity outweighs the positive significant effect of logs production in worsening deforestation in Indonesia. Keywords: deforestation, property right, natural forest concession, panel data

Poverty is a multidimensional problem. Poverty should be understood not only in terms of economic... more Poverty is a multidimensional problem. Poverty should be understood not only in terms of economic disability, but also the failure to fulfill the basic rights and differentiation of treatment for a person or group of people in living a life of dignity. The Government of Yogyakarta Special Region has adopted a right-based approach which means that the state is obliged to respect, protect, and fulfill the basic rights of the poor gradually. However, these efforts are not yet optimal. This study is to evaluate poverty alleviation policies in Indonesia through a One Faculty One Village Model (OFOV), a model to overcome poverty by involving the role of universities in rural and urban life. The sampling method is convenience method in Yogyakarta Special Region based on primary and secondary data in 2018. The sample in this study were community, village government, university students, field supervisor, field assistant program of Student Study Service and Community Service. To test the res...

Economic Journal of Emerging Markets

This study investigates the competitiveness of Indonesian and Malaysian palm oil export with spec... more This study investigates the competitiveness of Indonesian and Malaysian palm oil export with special focus on five major importing countries, namely China, Singapore, India, Pakistan, and Netherlands, from 2001 to 2014. The methods used are Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) and Constant Market Share (CMS). Findings/Originality: The RCA and RSCA calculations show that Indonesia and Malaysia have positive indices. Yet, Indonesia's RCA and RSCA indices from 2001 to 2014 are higher than those of Malaysia. It demonstrates that Indonesia's palm oil is more competitive than that of Malaysia. Based on CMS calculation, the findings show the following. Firstly, palm oil commodity is influenced by high demand from 2001 to 2014 in five major importing countries. Secondly, both countries have concentrated on the export commodity whose markets have been growing relatively fast. Thirdly, Indonesia's palm oil commodity experiences rapid growth in the selected markets while Malaysia experiences stagnant growth. Overall, Indonesia's palm oil competitiveness is higher than that of Malaysia in five major importing countries.

Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, 2003

This research aimed to analyze the potential of regional financing from regional debt both short ... more This research aimed to analyze the potential of regional financing from regional debt both short run and long run debt in DIY.