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Papers by Osamu NISHIMURA

Research paper thumbnail of Greenhouse Gases Emission Factors and it's Reduction Measures in Sewage Treatment Plant

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research), 2012

GHGs GHGs CO 2 CH 4 N 2 O 3 CO 2 CH 4 N 2 O CH 4 N 2 O CO 2 21 310 2) 3), 4), 5

Research paper thumbnail of Natural Inactivation Kinetics Modeling for a Waterborne Enteric Virus in Surface Water Using Sparse Regression and Hierarchical Bayesian Estimation

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research)

Research paper thumbnail of 畜舎排水処理の活性汚泥に出現する微小動物

Japanese Journal of Water Treatment Biology, 1999

Research paper thumbnail of Health Risk Management for the Users of a household-installed water supply system Based on Water Safety Planning Approach

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research)

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Reed Chip as a Carrier Material for Thermophilic Oxic Process

Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu G, 2007

2 正会員 東北大学助教 大学院工学研究科 (〒980-8579 宮城県仙台市青葉区荒巻字青葉 6-6-06) 3 正会員 東北大学准教授 大学院工学研究科 (〒980-8579 宮城県仙台市青... more 2 正会員 東北大学助教 大学院工学研究科 (〒980-8579 宮城県仙台市青葉区荒巻字青葉 6-6-06) 3 正会員 東北大学准教授 大学院工学研究科 (〒980-8579 宮城県仙台市青葉区荒巻字青葉 6-6-06) 4 正会員 東北大学教授 大学院工学研究科 (〒980-8579 宮城県仙台市青葉区荒巻字青葉 6-6-06) 豚舎廃棄物の高温好気処理法に用いる担体としてのヨシチップの利用可能性について従来からよく用い られている杉チップと比較評価した．ヨシチップ(2-3mm)の保水性は杉チップより約 34%低い反面，通気性 は約 17%高い特性を持ち，両者を 1:1 で混合することによって，杉チップ単独の場合より保水性は約 6%減 少するが，通気性が約 12%改善されることが分かった．高温好気処理性能を比較したところ杉チップとヨ シチップ(2-3mm)を混合することによって，杉チップを単独で使用した場合より平均温度は約 10℃以上高 く，その結果，重量減少率は 7％高くなり，リアクター内の蓄積物量は 50％まで減少した．従って，杉チ ップとヨシチップ(2-3mm)を混合することで従来の杉チップを単独で用いた高温好気処理よりも優れた処 理性能が期待できることが確認できた．

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison Study on Sludge Storage Capacity between Japanese Model and the EU Model of Small-Scale Wastewater Treatment System (Johkasou)

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research)

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Residual Ratio of Particulate Organic Matter by Long-Term Decomposition Experiment of Nelumbo Nucifera and Deposition Tendency to Sediment

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research)

Research paper thumbnail of Predictive Water Virology: Hierarchical Bayesian Modeling for Estimating Virus Inactivation Curve

Water

Hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) are a series of actions to be taken to ensure ... more Hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) are a series of actions to be taken to ensure product consumption safety. In food poisoning risk management, researchers in the field of predictive microbiology calculate the values that provide minimum stress (e.g., temperature and contact time in heating) for sufficient microbe inactivation based on mathematical models. HACCP has also been employed for health risk management in sanitation safety planning (SSP), but the application of predictive microbiology to water-related pathogens is difficult because the variety of pathogen types and the complex composition of the wastewater matrix does not allow us to make a simple mathematical model to predict inactivation efficiency. In this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to construct predictive inactivation curves using free chlorine for enteric viruses based on a hierarchical Bayesian model using parameters such as water quality. Our model considered uncertainty...

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of Water-saving Devices on Greenhouse gases emission from Johkasou

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research)

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Shading on Surface-Flow-Constructed Wetland Planted with Luffa Cylindrica to Treat Effluent from Rice Fields

Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment

Research paper thumbnail of Carbon and Nitrogen Removal in Sequencing Batch Reactor Treating Piggrery Wastewater-Pilot Scale Experiment

Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Resuspension on Nutrient Release from Sediment in Shallow Estuary

Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment

Research paper thumbnail of Simultaneous Removal of Nitrogen and THM Precursor by Developed Submerged Biofilm Process for Drinking Water

Water Science and Technology

Research paper thumbnail of Approach deliberation for source identification of sedimentary organic matters via comparing freshwater lakes with multi-ecotypes

The Science of the total environment, 2019

Despite of the importance of understanding the sediment quality for lacustrine management, the so... more Despite of the importance of understanding the sediment quality for lacustrine management, the source evaluation of sedimentary organic matter (SOM) in freshwater lakes is still insufficient. In this study, two shallow eutrophic lakes of Lake Taihu, China and Lake Izunuma, Japan were systematically investigated. Results of fatty acid profiles demonstrated that a wide range of organic matters, varying ecotypically, was inputted into the sediments of both lakes. Interestingly, there was a strong contribution from terrestrial plants to the sediments across ecotypes, with an approximate input from bacteria, and a relatively minor input from microalgae mainly included cyanobacteria, green algae, diatom and dinoflagellates. In addition, isotopic mixing model depicted a complementary picture that a significant, but spatially variable, amount of organic matter was derived from emergent and floating-leaf plants of Phragmites, Nelumbo, Nymphoides and Trapa L in Lake Izunuma. A general indicat...

Research paper thumbnail of The comparison of greenhouse gas emissions in sewage treatment plants with different treatment processes

Chemosphere, 2018

Greenhouse gas emissions from different sewage treatment plants: oxidation ditch process, double-... more Greenhouse gas emissions from different sewage treatment plants: oxidation ditch process, double-circulated anoxic-oxic process and anoxic-oxic process were evaluated based on the survey. The methane and nitrous oxide characteristics were discussed based on the gaseous and dissolved gas profiles. As a result, it was found that methane was produced in the sewer pipes and the primary sedimentation tank. Additionally, a ventilation system would promote the gasification of dissolved methane in the first treatment units. Nitrous oxide was produced and emitted in oxic tanks with nitrite accumulation inside the sewage treatment plant. A certain amount of nitrous oxide was also discharged as dissolved gas through the effluent water. If the amount of dissolved nitrous oxide discharge is not included, 7-14% of total nitrous oxide emission would be overlooked. Based on the greenhouse gas calculation, electrical consumption and the NO emission from incineration process were major sources in all...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Alkylphenols on Motility of Unicellular Green Algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Crustacea Daphnia magna

Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment

Research paper thumbnail of Chemical Properties of Sediment in Nanakita Estuarine Tidal Flat: Estimation of Sedimentary Organic Matter Origin by Stable Isotope and Fatty Acid

Environmental Engineering Research

The spatial variation of organic matter sources in tidal flat sediment of the Nanakita River estu... more The spatial variation of organic matter sources in tidal flat sediment of the Nanakita River estuary, involving Gamo lagoon on the northeast coast of Honshu Island, Japan, was examined using carbon stable isotopes and fatty acid biomarkers. The spatial variation of total organic carbon (TOC) contents and δ 13 C values were highly variable in between the stations, such as sandy flat (1.3 mg/g,-21.0‰), sand-muddy flat (2.6 mg/g,-21.9‰), and muddy flat (24.9 mg/g,-25.9‰), respectively. Particularly, at the muddy flat, high TOC content and low δ 13 C value of the sediments indicated that the surface sediment was composed largely of terrestrial organic matter. Whereas, at the sandy flat and sand-muddy flat, the high ratios of diatom and bacteria biomarkers indicated the high contribution of abundant microorganism along with marine organic matter in sediment composition. From these results, it considered that the amount and origin of transported sedimentary organic matter indicated different characteristics in this study stations.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of Installation of Water-saving Devices on the Performance of Johkasou

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research)

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Biological Carbon Budget Among Areas with Different Sediment Property in a Tidal Flat

Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu G

Research paper thumbnail of Testing an artificial beach system for removal of pollution in a coastal zone

Water Science and Technology

The developmental activities and utilizations of Japanese coastal seas have been increased recent... more The developmental activities and utilizations of Japanese coastal seas have been increased recently. Consequently, the production of coastal fisheries, especially of those in enclosed seas, are considerably affected by artificial impacts such as reclamation from the sea and increased pollution load. The objective of this paper is to propose a new ecotechnological method to recover the polluted coastal environment by using an artificial beach system. An artificial beach (5 m × 10 m) was constructed in the Matsushima Bay facing the Pacific Sea, about 300 km northeast from Tokyo. The area was polluted by fishery production and untreated wastewaters from rural district. The major merits of this system are simplicity of the structure, energy-free operation, capability to use tidal current cycle effectively, and ease of maintenance. The results of field investigation indicated that rapid removals of turbidity, suspended solids, phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen by the artificial beach system were achieved. The removal rate of total organic carbon was high because of the retention of the particulate matters. These performances were related to physical and biological filtration through the artificial beach system. It suggests that restoration of polluted coastal area may be expected using this artificial beach system.

Research paper thumbnail of Greenhouse Gases Emission Factors and it's Reduction Measures in Sewage Treatment Plant

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research), 2012

GHGs GHGs CO 2 CH 4 N 2 O 3 CO 2 CH 4 N 2 O CH 4 N 2 O CO 2 21 310 2) 3), 4), 5

Research paper thumbnail of Natural Inactivation Kinetics Modeling for a Waterborne Enteric Virus in Surface Water Using Sparse Regression and Hierarchical Bayesian Estimation

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research)

Research paper thumbnail of 畜舎排水処理の活性汚泥に出現する微小動物

Japanese Journal of Water Treatment Biology, 1999

Research paper thumbnail of Health Risk Management for the Users of a household-installed water supply system Based on Water Safety Planning Approach

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research)

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Reed Chip as a Carrier Material for Thermophilic Oxic Process

Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu G, 2007

2 正会員 東北大学助教 大学院工学研究科 (〒980-8579 宮城県仙台市青葉区荒巻字青葉 6-6-06) 3 正会員 東北大学准教授 大学院工学研究科 (〒980-8579 宮城県仙台市青... more 2 正会員 東北大学助教 大学院工学研究科 (〒980-8579 宮城県仙台市青葉区荒巻字青葉 6-6-06) 3 正会員 東北大学准教授 大学院工学研究科 (〒980-8579 宮城県仙台市青葉区荒巻字青葉 6-6-06) 4 正会員 東北大学教授 大学院工学研究科 (〒980-8579 宮城県仙台市青葉区荒巻字青葉 6-6-06) 豚舎廃棄物の高温好気処理法に用いる担体としてのヨシチップの利用可能性について従来からよく用い られている杉チップと比較評価した．ヨシチップ(2-3mm)の保水性は杉チップより約 34%低い反面，通気性 は約 17%高い特性を持ち，両者を 1:1 で混合することによって，杉チップ単独の場合より保水性は約 6%減 少するが，通気性が約 12%改善されることが分かった．高温好気処理性能を比較したところ杉チップとヨ シチップ(2-3mm)を混合することによって，杉チップを単独で使用した場合より平均温度は約 10℃以上高 く，その結果，重量減少率は 7％高くなり，リアクター内の蓄積物量は 50％まで減少した．従って，杉チ ップとヨシチップ(2-3mm)を混合することで従来の杉チップを単独で用いた高温好気処理よりも優れた処 理性能が期待できることが確認できた．

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison Study on Sludge Storage Capacity between Japanese Model and the EU Model of Small-Scale Wastewater Treatment System (Johkasou)

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research)

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Residual Ratio of Particulate Organic Matter by Long-Term Decomposition Experiment of Nelumbo Nucifera and Deposition Tendency to Sediment

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research)

Research paper thumbnail of Predictive Water Virology: Hierarchical Bayesian Modeling for Estimating Virus Inactivation Curve

Water

Hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) are a series of actions to be taken to ensure ... more Hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) are a series of actions to be taken to ensure product consumption safety. In food poisoning risk management, researchers in the field of predictive microbiology calculate the values that provide minimum stress (e.g., temperature and contact time in heating) for sufficient microbe inactivation based on mathematical models. HACCP has also been employed for health risk management in sanitation safety planning (SSP), but the application of predictive microbiology to water-related pathogens is difficult because the variety of pathogen types and the complex composition of the wastewater matrix does not allow us to make a simple mathematical model to predict inactivation efficiency. In this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to construct predictive inactivation curves using free chlorine for enteric viruses based on a hierarchical Bayesian model using parameters such as water quality. Our model considered uncertainty...

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of Water-saving Devices on Greenhouse gases emission from Johkasou

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research)

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Shading on Surface-Flow-Constructed Wetland Planted with Luffa Cylindrica to Treat Effluent from Rice Fields

Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment

Research paper thumbnail of Carbon and Nitrogen Removal in Sequencing Batch Reactor Treating Piggrery Wastewater-Pilot Scale Experiment

Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Resuspension on Nutrient Release from Sediment in Shallow Estuary

Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment

Research paper thumbnail of Simultaneous Removal of Nitrogen and THM Precursor by Developed Submerged Biofilm Process for Drinking Water

Water Science and Technology

Research paper thumbnail of Approach deliberation for source identification of sedimentary organic matters via comparing freshwater lakes with multi-ecotypes

The Science of the total environment, 2019

Despite of the importance of understanding the sediment quality for lacustrine management, the so... more Despite of the importance of understanding the sediment quality for lacustrine management, the source evaluation of sedimentary organic matter (SOM) in freshwater lakes is still insufficient. In this study, two shallow eutrophic lakes of Lake Taihu, China and Lake Izunuma, Japan were systematically investigated. Results of fatty acid profiles demonstrated that a wide range of organic matters, varying ecotypically, was inputted into the sediments of both lakes. Interestingly, there was a strong contribution from terrestrial plants to the sediments across ecotypes, with an approximate input from bacteria, and a relatively minor input from microalgae mainly included cyanobacteria, green algae, diatom and dinoflagellates. In addition, isotopic mixing model depicted a complementary picture that a significant, but spatially variable, amount of organic matter was derived from emergent and floating-leaf plants of Phragmites, Nelumbo, Nymphoides and Trapa L in Lake Izunuma. A general indicat...

Research paper thumbnail of The comparison of greenhouse gas emissions in sewage treatment plants with different treatment processes

Chemosphere, 2018

Greenhouse gas emissions from different sewage treatment plants: oxidation ditch process, double-... more Greenhouse gas emissions from different sewage treatment plants: oxidation ditch process, double-circulated anoxic-oxic process and anoxic-oxic process were evaluated based on the survey. The methane and nitrous oxide characteristics were discussed based on the gaseous and dissolved gas profiles. As a result, it was found that methane was produced in the sewer pipes and the primary sedimentation tank. Additionally, a ventilation system would promote the gasification of dissolved methane in the first treatment units. Nitrous oxide was produced and emitted in oxic tanks with nitrite accumulation inside the sewage treatment plant. A certain amount of nitrous oxide was also discharged as dissolved gas through the effluent water. If the amount of dissolved nitrous oxide discharge is not included, 7-14% of total nitrous oxide emission would be overlooked. Based on the greenhouse gas calculation, electrical consumption and the NO emission from incineration process were major sources in all...

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Alkylphenols on Motility of Unicellular Green Algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Crustacea Daphnia magna

Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment

Research paper thumbnail of Chemical Properties of Sediment in Nanakita Estuarine Tidal Flat: Estimation of Sedimentary Organic Matter Origin by Stable Isotope and Fatty Acid

Environmental Engineering Research

The spatial variation of organic matter sources in tidal flat sediment of the Nanakita River estu... more The spatial variation of organic matter sources in tidal flat sediment of the Nanakita River estuary, involving Gamo lagoon on the northeast coast of Honshu Island, Japan, was examined using carbon stable isotopes and fatty acid biomarkers. The spatial variation of total organic carbon (TOC) contents and δ 13 C values were highly variable in between the stations, such as sandy flat (1.3 mg/g,-21.0‰), sand-muddy flat (2.6 mg/g,-21.9‰), and muddy flat (24.9 mg/g,-25.9‰), respectively. Particularly, at the muddy flat, high TOC content and low δ 13 C value of the sediments indicated that the surface sediment was composed largely of terrestrial organic matter. Whereas, at the sandy flat and sand-muddy flat, the high ratios of diatom and bacteria biomarkers indicated the high contribution of abundant microorganism along with marine organic matter in sediment composition. From these results, it considered that the amount and origin of transported sedimentary organic matter indicated different characteristics in this study stations.

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of Installation of Water-saving Devices on the Performance of Johkasou

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research)

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Biological Carbon Budget Among Areas with Different Sediment Property in a Tidal Flat

Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu G

Research paper thumbnail of Testing an artificial beach system for removal of pollution in a coastal zone

Water Science and Technology

The developmental activities and utilizations of Japanese coastal seas have been increased recent... more The developmental activities and utilizations of Japanese coastal seas have been increased recently. Consequently, the production of coastal fisheries, especially of those in enclosed seas, are considerably affected by artificial impacts such as reclamation from the sea and increased pollution load. The objective of this paper is to propose a new ecotechnological method to recover the polluted coastal environment by using an artificial beach system. An artificial beach (5 m × 10 m) was constructed in the Matsushima Bay facing the Pacific Sea, about 300 km northeast from Tokyo. The area was polluted by fishery production and untreated wastewaters from rural district. The major merits of this system are simplicity of the structure, energy-free operation, capability to use tidal current cycle effectively, and ease of maintenance. The results of field investigation indicated that rapid removals of turbidity, suspended solids, phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen by the artificial beach system were achieved. The removal rate of total organic carbon was high because of the retention of the particulate matters. These performances were related to physical and biological filtration through the artificial beach system. It suggests that restoration of polluted coastal area may be expected using this artificial beach system.