Edith Salès-Wuillemin | Université de Bourgogne (original) (raw)

Papers by Edith Salès-Wuillemin

Dunod eBooks, Aug 16, 2018

Qualitative Health Research, Jul 12, 2023

Most patients report physical pain and psychosocial problems (suffering, depression, anxiety) dur... more Most patients report physical pain and psychosocial problems (suffering, depression, anxiety) during and after cancer treatment. This mixed methods study, based on the Theory of Social Representations, examines if pain and suffering are taboo subjects for oncologists and patients, and if they share the same representations. The data collected included 33 in-depth interviews with patients in chemotherapy/radiotherapy treatment ( n = 20) and their oncologists ( n = 13). We measured the number of spontaneous mentions of the words “pain” and “suffering” and their synonyms. We then examined semantic networks related to these two terms. The results show that for patients, suffering refers to bodily degradation and vulnerability while pain confirms the presence of the disease. In the interviews conducted with oncologists, suffering is absent. Pain is perceived as a sign of disease progression and an indicator of tolerance to treatment. These results may help in increasing the mutual understanding between oncologists and patients and facilitating the detection of depression and anxiety.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2010

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2011

Armand Colin eBooks, 2013

Comment Résiste-ton au Changement d'Attitude ? Processus psycho-sociaux à l'oeuvre lors d'une mis... more Comment Résiste-ton au Changement d'Attitude ? Processus psycho-sociaux à l'oeuvre lors d'une mise en dissonance cognitive ou d'une attaque persuasive Sénémeaud, C., Girandola, F., Georget, P., & Sales-Wuillemin, E. (2013).Comment résiste-ton au changement d'attitude ? Processus psychosociaux à l'oeuvre lors d'une mise en dissonance cognitive ou d'un attaque persuasive. In. V. Fointiat., F. Girandola, F., & P. Gosling (Eds.), La dissonance cognitive : Quand les actes changent les idées (pp.

Frontiers in Psychology, May 19, 2023

Background: Many studies show the existence of gender inequalities at work. For example, in Franc... more Background: Many studies show the existence of gender inequalities at work. For example, in France, only 37% of women have a managerial role, which is far from parity. Among these gender inequalities, the present study considers the Quality of Working Life (QWL) for women and managers. Method: This study measures the Quality of Working Life (QWL) perceived by individuals according to their gender (Women vs. Men) and their status (Managers vs. Co-workers). A questionnaire was distributed to 1,321 employees. It comprised two scales: the WRQoL scale and the QUALTRA-Scale. The QUALTRA-Scale permits the calculation of an index δ that measures the gap between the ideal QWL and the perceived QWL. Results: The ANOVA (2×2) revealed an impact of status on the perceived QWL on both scales. There was no gender effect. However, there was an effect of both gender and status on the index δ of the QUALTRA-Scale. In particular, for the Women group, δ was higher for the Social Relationships at Work whereas for the Co-workers, it was higher for the Work Environment. Conclusion: These results are discussed, highlighting the value of measuring the ideal QWL as a reference point for assessing the QWL.

Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée, 2011

Nurses' social representations of hospital hygiene were analyzed. A cross-sectional method was us... more Nurses' social representations of hospital hygiene were analyzed. A cross-sectional method was used to compare and analyze the social representations of the concept domain of "hospital hygiene" across three independent groups of participants (N=744). The groups included: (a) professional nurses (N=114); (b) student nurses (N=315); and (c) psychology students (N=315). Comparisons were drawn: (a) between professionals and students; and (b) between student nurse cohorts at three different levels (years) of training. The results show an ongoing evolution of the social representations of hospital hygiene during training and in the course of professional practice. The representation of hospital hygiene is structured around the element "cleanliness" at the beginning of training and around "asepsis" at the end of training. An increased specialization of vocabulary pertaining specifically to hospital hygiene is also observed. A comparative analysis between students and professionals shows a lower number of common lexical associations in the student group. A discussion of how these 1 The authors wish to thank the experts who helped to improve the first draft of this study.

The purpose of the present paper is to introduce the Gender Projection Model. After a short revie... more The purpose of the present paper is to introduce the Gender Projection Model. After a short review of the different accounts and theories on gender discrimination in the workplace, and of the three main phenomena: the glass ceiling, the backlash effect and the glass cliff, we present the gender projection model (GPM), a cognitive and motivational model for predicting the selection and self-selection of women in management positions. Our model posits gender projection, the assignment of typical gender characteristics to the position of manager, as a central mechanism accounting for the development of the manager prototype, both the (discriminatory) behavior and attitudes of personnel decision-makers (e.g., selection and/or evaluation of a male/female candidate) and the motivation and performance of (prospective) male and female managers. We believe this model will allow a better understanding of the construction of the manager prototype to explain the underrepresentation of women at the highest levels of the organizational hierarchy.

Societes, 2009

This article aims to present current research of social representation in the health sector, to r... more This article aims to present current research of social representation in the health sector, to reflect the value of this concept in understanding the logic behind the adoption of specific practices. In this context, few investigations on the representations of health and illness, madness, body, cancer, hygiene, AIDS, drugs, will be presented with emphasis on the provision of such research for the humanist and social sciences.

Discourse Processes, Feb 29, 2016

The third-person belief ascription, "Marie believes that the contract is in the cabinet," may eng... more The third-person belief ascription, "Marie believes that the contract is in the cabinet," may engender two interpretations: (1) It neutrally describes what is on Marie's mind and (2) it offers indirect evidence about reality, committing the speaker to the cabinet as the most likely location. The circumstances that lead to the evidential interpretation are at present not well documented in the case of belief verbs. In the case of belief-dependent verbs with and without embedding clause syntax, for example, "Marie says that the contract is in the archive," and "Marie is looking for the contract in the archive," it has been claimed that they eschew the evidential interpretation altogether. We explore the influence of the pragmatic context on the third-person, present tense and first-person, past tense use of the verbs, believe, say, and look for. In three experiments that manipulated the discourse context, 258 adults rated written vignettes. Regardless of the verb and the tense, when presented in discourse contexts without prior shared knowledge of the location of the object in question, the belief ascription was interpreted as indirect evidence. The results illuminate the border area between semantics and pragmatics, particularly regarding evidential uses of belief and belief-dependent verbs.

Papers on Social Representations, 2001

Cette recherche explore les effets des biais de catégorisation dans la représentation d'une minor... more Cette recherche explore les effets des biais de catégorisation dans la représentation d'une minorité ethnique en l'occurrence la communauté maghrébine en France. Des étudiants de première année de psychologie (N=100) ont produit des associations de mots en réponse aux mots stimulus Maghrébins versus Français. L'analyse comparative des listes de mots associés permet de retrouver les distorsions cognitives classiquement repérées dans le champ de la catégorisation sociale et de les approfondir. Ainsi le biais de contraste se révèle autocentré, l'assimilation est fondée sur le stéréotype, et la discrimination se manifeste par une privation de qualité et non une attribution de défauts.

Verbum, 1994

Résumé/Abstract La démarche de l'A. explicite le problème de la modélisation des implication... more Résumé/Abstract La démarche de l'A. explicite le problème de la modélisation des implications. L'accent est mis sur le fait que le processus d'extraction des significations d'un énoncé dépend d'un double mécanisme inférentiel mis en œuvre par le locuteur et l' ...

De Boeck Supérieur eBooks, Aug 24, 2011

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Sep 14, 2016

Focus on subjects' perceptions Focus on the Work Organization 6 Leadership, Management of diversi... more Focus on subjects' perceptions Focus on the Work Organization 6 Leadership, Management of diversity Satisfaction Work group (cooperation, Group identification) performance +++ Métaanalysis (Parker et al. 2003) Communication and relationship in the working Organization Work characteristics (Stress) Well-Being

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2021

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Apr 22, 2017

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Dec 1, 2020

Interview donnée pour Anne-Lise BERTIN (Décembre, 2020

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jun 29, 2016

International audienceNous analysons l'effet d'une procédure d'engagement et de disso... more International audienceNous analysons l'effet d'une procédure d'engagement et de dissonance sur l'attitude et la force de l'attitude associées à un comportement alimentaire (insectes). Nous nous intéressons aux formes de pensées sous-jacentes aux discours recueillis dans le cadre de ces procédures expérimentales. 65 participants recevaient une liste d'informations portant sur l'élevage et la consommation d'insectes. Dans la condition contrôle, ils devaient indiquer ce qu'ils pensaient de ces informations. Dans la condition dissonance, ils devaient indiquer parmi les arguments fournis quels étaient ceux qu'ils trouvaient valides, souhaitables, pertinents ou acceptés par la plupart des gens (explicitation de la norme) avant d'indiquer toutes les fois où ils avaient refusé de goûter un nouvel aliment (explicitation de la transgression). Dans la condition engagement, ils devaient fournir de nouveaux arguments avant de signer une charte où ils s'engageaient à essayer de goûter des insectes. On mesurait l'attitude instrumentale, affective et globale ainsi que la force de l'attitude (certitude, intensité, importance, extrémité et ambivalence) et on analysait les discours produits par les participants (analyse TROPES et Schèmes Cognitifs de base : Salès-Wuillemin et al., 2009). On observe une attitude plus favorable dans les conditions dissonance et engagement que dans la condition contrôle (F(2,64) = 3.45, p=.03, η2 = .10). Les traitements ont provoqué une augmentation de l'importance et de l'intensité et une diminution de la certitude et de l'extrémité ( de Wilks= .79, p=.08, η2 = .11). Dans la condition contrôle, le discours est argumentatif et marqué par l'opposition. Dans la condition dissonance le discours révèle une attitude visant à exprimer une réalité à construire alors que dans la condition engagement le discours exprime une réalité comme univers possible et non réel. Les raisonnements produits dans les deux conditions expérimentales sont moins marqués par une relation fonctionnelle vis-à-vis de la nourriture d'insecte (agir sur cet objet). On observe davantage de raisonnements marquant l'inclusion et la comparaison (les insectes c'est comme…) dans la condition dissonance et davantage d'attributions de caractéristiques positives vis-à-vis de la nourriture d'insecte dans la condition engagement. Globalement, ces résultats incitent à articuler les déterminations externes (sociale et cognitive) avec les déterminations subjectives (raisonnement associés aux discours internes) de façon à intégrer ces divers processus au niveau de l'explication du changement

International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Sep 1, 2014

Linguistic Intergroup Bias" (LIB) (Maass, Castelli, & Arcuri, 2000) was investigated in French el... more Linguistic Intergroup Bias" (LIB) (Maass, Castelli, & Arcuri, 2000) was investigated in French elementary schools between children of the French majority group (White children of European heritage) and a French minority group (Black children from Sub-Saharan Africa). Participants (N = 360; 7-11 year-olds; mean age =10.36, SD =.85) were shown photographs presenting a target character (ingroup or outgroup) engaging in a positive behavior (e.g., a helping action) or a negative behavior (e.g., an aggressive action). Demonstrations of ingroup favoritism with no outgroup derogation were expected for White children from the majority group. These hypotheses were confirmed. Unexpectedly, the same pattern of results was found for the minority group: ingroup favoritism and no outgroup derogation. Theoretical and applied implications of these findings are discussed.

Dunod eBooks, Aug 16, 2018

Qualitative Health Research, Jul 12, 2023

Most patients report physical pain and psychosocial problems (suffering, depression, anxiety) dur... more Most patients report physical pain and psychosocial problems (suffering, depression, anxiety) during and after cancer treatment. This mixed methods study, based on the Theory of Social Representations, examines if pain and suffering are taboo subjects for oncologists and patients, and if they share the same representations. The data collected included 33 in-depth interviews with patients in chemotherapy/radiotherapy treatment ( n = 20) and their oncologists ( n = 13). We measured the number of spontaneous mentions of the words “pain” and “suffering” and their synonyms. We then examined semantic networks related to these two terms. The results show that for patients, suffering refers to bodily degradation and vulnerability while pain confirms the presence of the disease. In the interviews conducted with oncologists, suffering is absent. Pain is perceived as a sign of disease progression and an indicator of tolerance to treatment. These results may help in increasing the mutual understanding between oncologists and patients and facilitating the detection of depression and anxiety.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2010

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2011

Armand Colin eBooks, 2013

Comment Résiste-ton au Changement d'Attitude ? Processus psycho-sociaux à l'oeuvre lors d'une mis... more Comment Résiste-ton au Changement d'Attitude ? Processus psycho-sociaux à l'oeuvre lors d'une mise en dissonance cognitive ou d'une attaque persuasive Sénémeaud, C., Girandola, F., Georget, P., & Sales-Wuillemin, E. (2013).Comment résiste-ton au changement d'attitude ? Processus psychosociaux à l'oeuvre lors d'une mise en dissonance cognitive ou d'un attaque persuasive. In. V. Fointiat., F. Girandola, F., & P. Gosling (Eds.), La dissonance cognitive : Quand les actes changent les idées (pp.

Frontiers in Psychology, May 19, 2023

Background: Many studies show the existence of gender inequalities at work. For example, in Franc... more Background: Many studies show the existence of gender inequalities at work. For example, in France, only 37% of women have a managerial role, which is far from parity. Among these gender inequalities, the present study considers the Quality of Working Life (QWL) for women and managers. Method: This study measures the Quality of Working Life (QWL) perceived by individuals according to their gender (Women vs. Men) and their status (Managers vs. Co-workers). A questionnaire was distributed to 1,321 employees. It comprised two scales: the WRQoL scale and the QUALTRA-Scale. The QUALTRA-Scale permits the calculation of an index δ that measures the gap between the ideal QWL and the perceived QWL. Results: The ANOVA (2×2) revealed an impact of status on the perceived QWL on both scales. There was no gender effect. However, there was an effect of both gender and status on the index δ of the QUALTRA-Scale. In particular, for the Women group, δ was higher for the Social Relationships at Work whereas for the Co-workers, it was higher for the Work Environment. Conclusion: These results are discussed, highlighting the value of measuring the ideal QWL as a reference point for assessing the QWL.

Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée, 2011

Nurses' social representations of hospital hygiene were analyzed. A cross-sectional method was us... more Nurses' social representations of hospital hygiene were analyzed. A cross-sectional method was used to compare and analyze the social representations of the concept domain of "hospital hygiene" across three independent groups of participants (N=744). The groups included: (a) professional nurses (N=114); (b) student nurses (N=315); and (c) psychology students (N=315). Comparisons were drawn: (a) between professionals and students; and (b) between student nurse cohorts at three different levels (years) of training. The results show an ongoing evolution of the social representations of hospital hygiene during training and in the course of professional practice. The representation of hospital hygiene is structured around the element "cleanliness" at the beginning of training and around "asepsis" at the end of training. An increased specialization of vocabulary pertaining specifically to hospital hygiene is also observed. A comparative analysis between students and professionals shows a lower number of common lexical associations in the student group. A discussion of how these 1 The authors wish to thank the experts who helped to improve the first draft of this study.

The purpose of the present paper is to introduce the Gender Projection Model. After a short revie... more The purpose of the present paper is to introduce the Gender Projection Model. After a short review of the different accounts and theories on gender discrimination in the workplace, and of the three main phenomena: the glass ceiling, the backlash effect and the glass cliff, we present the gender projection model (GPM), a cognitive and motivational model for predicting the selection and self-selection of women in management positions. Our model posits gender projection, the assignment of typical gender characteristics to the position of manager, as a central mechanism accounting for the development of the manager prototype, both the (discriminatory) behavior and attitudes of personnel decision-makers (e.g., selection and/or evaluation of a male/female candidate) and the motivation and performance of (prospective) male and female managers. We believe this model will allow a better understanding of the construction of the manager prototype to explain the underrepresentation of women at the highest levels of the organizational hierarchy.

Societes, 2009

This article aims to present current research of social representation in the health sector, to r... more This article aims to present current research of social representation in the health sector, to reflect the value of this concept in understanding the logic behind the adoption of specific practices. In this context, few investigations on the representations of health and illness, madness, body, cancer, hygiene, AIDS, drugs, will be presented with emphasis on the provision of such research for the humanist and social sciences.

Discourse Processes, Feb 29, 2016

The third-person belief ascription, "Marie believes that the contract is in the cabinet," may eng... more The third-person belief ascription, "Marie believes that the contract is in the cabinet," may engender two interpretations: (1) It neutrally describes what is on Marie's mind and (2) it offers indirect evidence about reality, committing the speaker to the cabinet as the most likely location. The circumstances that lead to the evidential interpretation are at present not well documented in the case of belief verbs. In the case of belief-dependent verbs with and without embedding clause syntax, for example, "Marie says that the contract is in the archive," and "Marie is looking for the contract in the archive," it has been claimed that they eschew the evidential interpretation altogether. We explore the influence of the pragmatic context on the third-person, present tense and first-person, past tense use of the verbs, believe, say, and look for. In three experiments that manipulated the discourse context, 258 adults rated written vignettes. Regardless of the verb and the tense, when presented in discourse contexts without prior shared knowledge of the location of the object in question, the belief ascription was interpreted as indirect evidence. The results illuminate the border area between semantics and pragmatics, particularly regarding evidential uses of belief and belief-dependent verbs.

Papers on Social Representations, 2001

Cette recherche explore les effets des biais de catégorisation dans la représentation d'une minor... more Cette recherche explore les effets des biais de catégorisation dans la représentation d'une minorité ethnique en l'occurrence la communauté maghrébine en France. Des étudiants de première année de psychologie (N=100) ont produit des associations de mots en réponse aux mots stimulus Maghrébins versus Français. L'analyse comparative des listes de mots associés permet de retrouver les distorsions cognitives classiquement repérées dans le champ de la catégorisation sociale et de les approfondir. Ainsi le biais de contraste se révèle autocentré, l'assimilation est fondée sur le stéréotype, et la discrimination se manifeste par une privation de qualité et non une attribution de défauts.

Verbum, 1994

Résumé/Abstract La démarche de l'A. explicite le problème de la modélisation des implication... more Résumé/Abstract La démarche de l'A. explicite le problème de la modélisation des implications. L'accent est mis sur le fait que le processus d'extraction des significations d'un énoncé dépend d'un double mécanisme inférentiel mis en œuvre par le locuteur et l' ...

De Boeck Supérieur eBooks, Aug 24, 2011

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Sep 14, 2016

Focus on subjects' perceptions Focus on the Work Organization 6 Leadership, Management of diversi... more Focus on subjects' perceptions Focus on the Work Organization 6 Leadership, Management of diversity Satisfaction Work group (cooperation, Group identification) performance +++ Métaanalysis (Parker et al. 2003) Communication and relationship in the working Organization Work characteristics (Stress) Well-Being

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2021

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Apr 22, 2017

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Dec 1, 2020

Interview donnée pour Anne-Lise BERTIN (Décembre, 2020

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jun 29, 2016

International audienceNous analysons l'effet d'une procédure d'engagement et de disso... more International audienceNous analysons l'effet d'une procédure d'engagement et de dissonance sur l'attitude et la force de l'attitude associées à un comportement alimentaire (insectes). Nous nous intéressons aux formes de pensées sous-jacentes aux discours recueillis dans le cadre de ces procédures expérimentales. 65 participants recevaient une liste d'informations portant sur l'élevage et la consommation d'insectes. Dans la condition contrôle, ils devaient indiquer ce qu'ils pensaient de ces informations. Dans la condition dissonance, ils devaient indiquer parmi les arguments fournis quels étaient ceux qu'ils trouvaient valides, souhaitables, pertinents ou acceptés par la plupart des gens (explicitation de la norme) avant d'indiquer toutes les fois où ils avaient refusé de goûter un nouvel aliment (explicitation de la transgression). Dans la condition engagement, ils devaient fournir de nouveaux arguments avant de signer une charte où ils s'engageaient à essayer de goûter des insectes. On mesurait l'attitude instrumentale, affective et globale ainsi que la force de l'attitude (certitude, intensité, importance, extrémité et ambivalence) et on analysait les discours produits par les participants (analyse TROPES et Schèmes Cognitifs de base : Salès-Wuillemin et al., 2009). On observe une attitude plus favorable dans les conditions dissonance et engagement que dans la condition contrôle (F(2,64) = 3.45, p=.03, η2 = .10). Les traitements ont provoqué une augmentation de l'importance et de l'intensité et une diminution de la certitude et de l'extrémité ( de Wilks= .79, p=.08, η2 = .11). Dans la condition contrôle, le discours est argumentatif et marqué par l'opposition. Dans la condition dissonance le discours révèle une attitude visant à exprimer une réalité à construire alors que dans la condition engagement le discours exprime une réalité comme univers possible et non réel. Les raisonnements produits dans les deux conditions expérimentales sont moins marqués par une relation fonctionnelle vis-à-vis de la nourriture d'insecte (agir sur cet objet). On observe davantage de raisonnements marquant l'inclusion et la comparaison (les insectes c'est comme…) dans la condition dissonance et davantage d'attributions de caractéristiques positives vis-à-vis de la nourriture d'insecte dans la condition engagement. Globalement, ces résultats incitent à articuler les déterminations externes (sociale et cognitive) avec les déterminations subjectives (raisonnement associés aux discours internes) de façon à intégrer ces divers processus au niveau de l'explication du changement

International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Sep 1, 2014

Linguistic Intergroup Bias" (LIB) (Maass, Castelli, & Arcuri, 2000) was investigated in French el... more Linguistic Intergroup Bias" (LIB) (Maass, Castelli, & Arcuri, 2000) was investigated in French elementary schools between children of the French majority group (White children of European heritage) and a French minority group (Black children from Sub-Saharan Africa). Participants (N = 360; 7-11 year-olds; mean age =10.36, SD =.85) were shown photographs presenting a target character (ingroup or outgroup) engaging in a positive behavior (e.g., a helping action) or a negative behavior (e.g., an aggressive action). Demonstrations of ingroup favoritism with no outgroup derogation were expected for White children from the majority group. These hypotheses were confirmed. Unexpectedly, the same pattern of results was found for the minority group: ingroup favoritism and no outgroup derogation. Theoretical and applied implications of these findings are discussed.

Invited Conference, Centre Hospitalier La Chartreuse, Dijon, 16 Janvier 2019., 2019

Le projet Rel@tions est un projet labellisé I-Site (2017-2021). Il est coordonné par le Pr. Edith... more Le projet Rel@tions est un projet labellisé I-Site (2017-2021). Il est coordonné par le Pr. Edith Salès-Wuillemin Psy-DREPI (EA-7458) de l’Université de Bourgogne, en partenariat avec le CHU de Dijon, en particulier le Dr. Devilliers (investigateur principal, service de médecine générale), le Pr. Cottin (investigateur, service de cardiologie), le Pr. Béjot (investigateur, service de neurologie), le Pr. Ortega (investigateur, service de Chirurgie Viscérale), le Pr. Manckoundia (investigateur, service de gériatrie), avec l’appui du CIC-EC du CHU de Dijon (le Pr. Christine Binquet).
Le projet Rel@tions vise à analyser 1/ la représentation de la relation soignant-soigné ; 2/ en amont, les facteurs qui l’impactent ; 3/ en aval, les conséquences sur l’éducation à la santé des patients.
L’étude mixte (qualitative et quantitative) croise le regard des soignants et des patients. Le projet en est à la première phase de recueil, les premiers résultats de la phase qualitative sont présentés durant la conférence.

catégorisation sociale et représentations sociales, 2007

Salès-Wuillemin, E. (2007). Catégorisation et représentations sociales, in : M., Bromberg et A. T... more Salès-Wuillemin, E. (2007). Catégorisation et représentations sociales, in : M., Bromberg et A. Trognon (Eds.) Cours de psychologie sociale 2, (pp. 7-32). Presses Universitaires de France.