Taiane Vieira | UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PIAUÍ (BRAZIL) (original) (raw)
Papers by Taiane Vieira
Brazilian Journal of Biology, 2010
Saguinus inustus (Schwarz, 1951) is one of the neotropical primates least studied. The distributi... more Saguinus inustus (Schwarz, 1951) is one of the neotropical primates least studied. The distribution of the species ranges from the north of the Solimões River, between the Negro and Japurá Rivers in Brazil, and Guayabero-Guaviare Rivers in Colombia. Nevertheless, due to the low number of specimens collected from the lower Japurá and lower Negro Rivers areas, the geographic distribution is so far poorly delineated. In this study, field data was composed of sightings and the collection of specimens during a survey of mammal diversity in the Amana Sustainable Development Reserve (ASDR). For this survey, two 40-day expeditions were carried out in 2004. The first one occurred during the flooded season in June and July, and the second was during the peak of the dry season in October. Direct sightings were made through hiking along transects, navigation along water channels with a 30-hp speedboat, and gliding along flooded trails in the forest. New records of S. inustus were made in 11 different localities in ASDR. The study has confirmed the presence of the species in the Amanã area, carrying out the first records of the species in flooded forest habitats.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2009
Even though frequency analysis of body sway is widely applied in clinical studies, the lack of st... more Even though frequency analysis of body sway is widely applied in clinical studies, the lack of standardized procedures concerning power spectrum estimation may provide unreliable descriptors. Stabilometric tests were applied to 35 subjects (20-51 years, 54-95 kg, 1.6-1.9 m) and the power spectral density function was estimated for the anterior-posterior center of pressure time series. The median frequency was compared between power spectra estimated according to signal partitioning, sampling rate, test duration, and detrending methods. The median frequency reliability for different test durations was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient. When increasing number of segments, shortening test duration or applying linear detrending, the median frequency values increased significantly up to 137%. Even the shortest test duration provided reliable estimates as observed with the intraclass coefficient (0.74-0.89 confidence interval for a single 20-s test). Clinical assessment of balance may benefit from a standardized protocol for center of pressure spectral analysis that provides an adequate relationship between resolution and variance. An algorithm to estimate center of pressure power density spectrum is also proposed.
Jornal De Pediatria, 2006
Objective: To assess the progression of mucopolysaccharidosis II in 11 Brazilian patients over a ... more Objective: To assess the progression of mucopolysaccharidosis II in 11 Brazilian patients over a 12-month period.
Clinica Chimica Acta, 2011
Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (MPS IVA), or Morquio Syndrome type A, is an autosomal recessive diseas... more Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (MPS IVA), or Morquio Syndrome type A, is an autosomal recessive disease caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS), resulting in excessive lysosomal storage of keratan sulfate in many tissues and organs. This accumulation causes a severe skeletal dysplasia with short stature, and affects the eye, heart and other organs, with many signs and symptoms. Morquio A syndrome is estimated to occur in 1 in 200,000 to 300,000 live births. Clinical trials with enzyme replacement therapy for this disease are in progress, and it is probable that the treatment, when available, would be more effective if started early. We describe an innovative fluorometric method for the assay of GALNS in dried blood spots (DBS). We used dried blood spots (DBS) as the enzyme source and compared it with leukocytes samples, having studied 25 MPS IVA patients and 54 healthy controls. We optimized the assay conditions, including incubation time and stability of DBS samples. To eppendorf type tubes containing a 3-mm diameter blood spot we added elution liquid and substrate solution. After 2 different incubations at 37°C, the amount of hydrolyzed product was compared with a calibrator to allow the quantification of the enzyme activity. Results in DBS were compared to the ones obtained in leukocytes using the standard technique. The fluorescent methodology was validated in our laboratory and the assay was found sensitive and specific, allowing reliable detection of MPS IVA patients. The use of DBS simplifies the collection and transport steps, and is especially useful for testing patients from more remote areas of large countries, and when samples need to cross country borders. This assay could be easily incorporated into the protocol of reference laboratories and play a role in the screening for MPS IVA, contributing to earlier detection of affected patients.
American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, 2008
In mucopolysaccharidosis I, deficiency of α-L-iduronidase can cause spinal cord compression (SCC)... more In mucopolysaccharidosis I, deficiency of α-L-iduronidase can cause spinal cord compression (SCC) due to storage of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) within the cervical meninges. As intravenous enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is not likely to provide enzyme across the blood–brain barrier, standard treatment for this complication is usually surgical, which has a high morbidity and mortality risk. We report on the use of intrathecal (IT) laronidase in a MPS I patient with SCC who refused the surgical treatment. Assessments were performed at baseline, with clinical and biochemical evaluations, 4-extremity somatosensory evoked potentials, 12 min walk test and MRI studies of the CNS. Changes on these parameters were evaluated after 4 IT infusions of laronidase administered monthly via lumbar puncture. To our knowledge, this was the first MPS patient who received IT ERT. No major adverse events were observed. There were no clinically significant changes in serum chemistries. CSF GAG results revealed pretreatment values slightly above normal standards: 13.3 mg/L (NV < 12 mg/L) which after IT laronidase infusions were within normal levels (10.3 mg/L). 12MWT presented a 14% improvement, with better performance on stability and gait control. Maximum voluntary ventilation showed 55.6% improvement considering the percentage of predicted (26.7% at baseline compared to 41.9%); Maximum Inspiration Pressure improved 36.6% of predicted (26.8% at baseline to 36.7%); Pulmonary diffusion improved 17.6% of predicted %. In conclusion, although the improvement observed in this case with IT laronidase should be confirmed in further patients, this procedure seems to be a safe treatment for SCC in MPS I. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Jornal De Pediatria, 2006
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a progressão da mucopolissacaridose II, durante um período de 12 meses, em 11 p... more OBJETIVO: Avaliar a progressão da mucopolissacaridose II, durante um período de 12 meses, em 11 pacientes brasileiros. MÉTODOS: Onze pacientes brasileiros com mucopolissacaridose II foram avaliados prospectivamente no Serviço de Genética Médica do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. As avaliações realizadas na visita inicial e na de 12 meses foram: anamnese, exame físico, ressonância nuclear magnética abdominal, ecocardiograma, teste da caminhada em 6 minutos, audiometria, exames bioquímicos séricos e dosagem uriná- ria de glicosaminoglicanos. RESULTADOS: Os principais achados relativos à comparação entre as duas visitas foram: 1) dois pacientes apresentaram retardo de crescimento; 2) dois pacientes apresentaram variação negativa em relação ao peso; 3) um paciente apresentou variação de obesidade para sobrepeso; 4) três pacientes desenvolveram alargamento do ventrículo esquerdo; destes, dois aumentaram o número de lesões nas valvas cardíacas; 5) não foi encontrada diferença estatística significativa entre a média das distâncias percorridas no teste da caminhada em 6 minutos; 6) houve aumento do volume esplênico; 7) ocorreu aumento dos níveis de gamaglutamiltransferase; 8) não houve alteração dos níveis urinários de glicosaminoglicanos. CONCLUSÕES: De uma maneira geral, a única variável que apresentou, no período estudado, piora com potencial repercussão clínica imediata foram os achados ecocardiográficos. Embora o período de 12 meses seja curto para medir alterações na maioria dos parâmetros comprometidos na mucopolissacaridose II, sua natureza progressiva deve ser levada em conta na avaliação da eficácia dos protocolos de tratamento para essa condição.
Neurology, 2007
Objective: To investigate the influence of aging on conventional MRI and magnetic resonance spect... more Objective: To investigate the influence of aging on conventional MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings of mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) patients and to test the correlation of enzyme levels, urinary glycosaminoglycans (GAG), and neuroimaging findings.
Molecular Genetics and Metabolism, 2010
In mucopolysaccharidosis VI, or Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome, deficiency of N-acetylgalactosamine 4-su... more In mucopolysaccharidosis VI, or Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome, deficiency of N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfatase leads to storage of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and MPS VI patients often develop spinal cord compression during the course of the disease due to GAG storage within the cervical meninges, requiring neurosurgical intervention, as intravenous (IV) enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is not expected to cross the blood-brain barrier. We report the use of intrathecal (IT) recombinant human N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfatase (arylsulfatase B, or ASB) in a MPS VI child with spinal cord compression whose parents initially refused the surgical treatment. Assessments were performed at baseline, with clinical, neurological and biochemical evaluations, urodynamic studies and MRI of the CNS. Changes on these parameters were evaluated after IT infusions of ASB administered monthly via lumbar puncture (LP) in a IV ERT naive patient. To our knowledge, this was the first MPS VI patient who received IT ERT. Despite significant urodynamic improvement and some neurological amelioration, the patient developed worsening of walking capacity. After IV ERT was started, the patient presented with a generalized hypotonia and a life-saving surgical fixation of the neck was then performed. The results observed on this MPS VI patient suggest that instability of the cervical vertebrae could be unmasked by IV ERT as joint storage is reduced, and the decrease in neck stiffness and stability could confound the expected improvement of SCC manifestations following IT ERT. The study of further patients, if possible in a clinical trial setting, is needed to evaluate the potential of a non-surgical IT ERT treatment of SCC for MPS VI.
American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, 2008
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) form a group of inherited metabolic disorders characterized by intral... more Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) form a group of inherited metabolic disorders characterized by intralysosomal storage of glycosaminoglycans. This study aimed to investigate the path followed by Brazilian patients from birth to diagnosis. An interview was conducted with patient's parents or guardians with subsequent review of patient's medical records. One hundred thirteen patients with MPS were included (MPS I: 18, MPS II: 43, MPS IIIA: 2, MPS IIIB: 3, MPS IIIC: 1, MPS IVA: 15, MPS IVB: 1, MPS VI: 29, MPS VII: 1) from 97 families. Median age at the onset of signs/symptoms was 18 months (MPS I: 18, MPS II: 24, MPS IVA: 8, MPS VI: 8). Skeletal abnormalities (for MPS IVA and MPS VI), joint contractures (for MPS II), and typical facial features (for MPS I) were the most frequently reported first signs/symptoms. Several health professionals were involved in patient's care as of the onset of symptoms until biochemical diagnosis was established. Median age at diagnosis was 76 months (MPS I: 75, MPS II: 95, MPS IVA: 75, MPS VI: 52). Considering the group as a whole, there was a 4.8-year delay between the onset of signs/symptoms and the establishment of the diagnosis. Considering that specific therapies are available for some of these disorders and that early treatment is likely to change more favorably the natural history of the disease, efforts should be made to minimize this delay. We believe that this situation can be improved by measures that both increase awareness of health professionals about MPS and improve access to diagnostic tests. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 2010
Most lysosomal diseases (LD) are inherited as autosomal recessive traits, but two important condi... more Most lysosomal diseases (LD) are inherited as autosomal recessive traits, but two important conditions have X-linked inheritance: Fabry disease and Mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS II). These two diseases show a very different pattern regarding expression on heterozygotes, which does not seem to be explained by the X-inactivation mechanism only. While MPS II heterozygotes are asymptomatic in most instances, in Fabry disease most of female carriers show some disease manifestation, which is sometimes severe. It is known that there is a major difference among X-linked diseases depending on the cell autonomy of the gene product involved and, therefore, on the occurrence of cross-correction. Since lysosomal enzymes are usually secreted and uptaken by neighbor cells, the different findings between MPS II and Fabry disease heterozygotes can also be due to different efficiency of crosscorrection (higher in MPS II and lower in Fabry disease). In this paper, we review these two X-linked LD in order to discuss the mechanisms that could explain the different rates of penetrance and expressivity observed in the heterozygotes; this could be helpful to better understand the expression of X-linked traits.
O Ministério da Saúde reforça a recomendação sobre a necessidade das autoridades de saúde e todo ... more O Ministério da Saúde reforça a recomendação sobre a necessidade das autoridades de saúde e todo o corpo clínico e de apoio manterem o sigilo da identidade dos casos. Esta medida visa evitar estigma social aos pacientes e resguardar o direito da inviolabilidade de sua privacidade. O não cumprimento dessa medida sujeita o infrator a ações administrativas e penais. VERSÃO III -Brasília, 5 de agosto de 2009 -Página | 2 SUMÁRIO INTRODUÇÃO GERAL MÓDULO 1 MANEJO CLÍNICO, DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO DE DOENÇA RESPIRATÓRIA AGUDA GRAVE
Brazilian Journal of Biology, 2010
Saguinus inustus (Schwarz, 1951) is one of the neotropical primates least studied. The distributi... more Saguinus inustus (Schwarz, 1951) is one of the neotropical primates least studied. The distribution of the species ranges from the north of the Solimões River, between the Negro and Japurá Rivers in Brazil, and Guayabero-Guaviare Rivers in Colombia. Nevertheless, due to the low number of specimens collected from the lower Japurá and lower Negro Rivers areas, the geographic distribution is so far poorly delineated. In this study, field data was composed of sightings and the collection of specimens during a survey of mammal diversity in the Amana Sustainable Development Reserve (ASDR). For this survey, two 40-day expeditions were carried out in 2004. The first one occurred during the flooded season in June and July, and the second was during the peak of the dry season in October. Direct sightings were made through hiking along transects, navigation along water channels with a 30-hp speedboat, and gliding along flooded trails in the forest. New records of S. inustus were made in 11 different localities in ASDR. The study has confirmed the presence of the species in the Amanã area, carrying out the first records of the species in flooded forest habitats.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2009
Even though frequency analysis of body sway is widely applied in clinical studies, the lack of st... more Even though frequency analysis of body sway is widely applied in clinical studies, the lack of standardized procedures concerning power spectrum estimation may provide unreliable descriptors. Stabilometric tests were applied to 35 subjects (20-51 years, 54-95 kg, 1.6-1.9 m) and the power spectral density function was estimated for the anterior-posterior center of pressure time series. The median frequency was compared between power spectra estimated according to signal partitioning, sampling rate, test duration, and detrending methods. The median frequency reliability for different test durations was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient. When increasing number of segments, shortening test duration or applying linear detrending, the median frequency values increased significantly up to 137%. Even the shortest test duration provided reliable estimates as observed with the intraclass coefficient (0.74-0.89 confidence interval for a single 20-s test). Clinical assessment of balance may benefit from a standardized protocol for center of pressure spectral analysis that provides an adequate relationship between resolution and variance. An algorithm to estimate center of pressure power density spectrum is also proposed.
Jornal De Pediatria, 2006
Objective: To assess the progression of mucopolysaccharidosis II in 11 Brazilian patients over a ... more Objective: To assess the progression of mucopolysaccharidosis II in 11 Brazilian patients over a 12-month period.
Clinica Chimica Acta, 2011
Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (MPS IVA), or Morquio Syndrome type A, is an autosomal recessive diseas... more Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA (MPS IVA), or Morquio Syndrome type A, is an autosomal recessive disease caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS), resulting in excessive lysosomal storage of keratan sulfate in many tissues and organs. This accumulation causes a severe skeletal dysplasia with short stature, and affects the eye, heart and other organs, with many signs and symptoms. Morquio A syndrome is estimated to occur in 1 in 200,000 to 300,000 live births. Clinical trials with enzyme replacement therapy for this disease are in progress, and it is probable that the treatment, when available, would be more effective if started early. We describe an innovative fluorometric method for the assay of GALNS in dried blood spots (DBS). We used dried blood spots (DBS) as the enzyme source and compared it with leukocytes samples, having studied 25 MPS IVA patients and 54 healthy controls. We optimized the assay conditions, including incubation time and stability of DBS samples. To eppendorf type tubes containing a 3-mm diameter blood spot we added elution liquid and substrate solution. After 2 different incubations at 37°C, the amount of hydrolyzed product was compared with a calibrator to allow the quantification of the enzyme activity. Results in DBS were compared to the ones obtained in leukocytes using the standard technique. The fluorescent methodology was validated in our laboratory and the assay was found sensitive and specific, allowing reliable detection of MPS IVA patients. The use of DBS simplifies the collection and transport steps, and is especially useful for testing patients from more remote areas of large countries, and when samples need to cross country borders. This assay could be easily incorporated into the protocol of reference laboratories and play a role in the screening for MPS IVA, contributing to earlier detection of affected patients.
American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, 2008
In mucopolysaccharidosis I, deficiency of α-L-iduronidase can cause spinal cord compression (SCC)... more In mucopolysaccharidosis I, deficiency of α-L-iduronidase can cause spinal cord compression (SCC) due to storage of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) within the cervical meninges. As intravenous enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is not likely to provide enzyme across the blood–brain barrier, standard treatment for this complication is usually surgical, which has a high morbidity and mortality risk. We report on the use of intrathecal (IT) laronidase in a MPS I patient with SCC who refused the surgical treatment. Assessments were performed at baseline, with clinical and biochemical evaluations, 4-extremity somatosensory evoked potentials, 12 min walk test and MRI studies of the CNS. Changes on these parameters were evaluated after 4 IT infusions of laronidase administered monthly via lumbar puncture. To our knowledge, this was the first MPS patient who received IT ERT. No major adverse events were observed. There were no clinically significant changes in serum chemistries. CSF GAG results revealed pretreatment values slightly above normal standards: 13.3 mg/L (NV < 12 mg/L) which after IT laronidase infusions were within normal levels (10.3 mg/L). 12MWT presented a 14% improvement, with better performance on stability and gait control. Maximum voluntary ventilation showed 55.6% improvement considering the percentage of predicted (26.7% at baseline compared to 41.9%); Maximum Inspiration Pressure improved 36.6% of predicted (26.8% at baseline to 36.7%); Pulmonary diffusion improved 17.6% of predicted %. In conclusion, although the improvement observed in this case with IT laronidase should be confirmed in further patients, this procedure seems to be a safe treatment for SCC in MPS I. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Jornal De Pediatria, 2006
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a progressão da mucopolissacaridose II, durante um período de 12 meses, em 11 p... more OBJETIVO: Avaliar a progressão da mucopolissacaridose II, durante um período de 12 meses, em 11 pacientes brasileiros. MÉTODOS: Onze pacientes brasileiros com mucopolissacaridose II foram avaliados prospectivamente no Serviço de Genética Médica do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. As avaliações realizadas na visita inicial e na de 12 meses foram: anamnese, exame físico, ressonância nuclear magnética abdominal, ecocardiograma, teste da caminhada em 6 minutos, audiometria, exames bioquímicos séricos e dosagem uriná- ria de glicosaminoglicanos. RESULTADOS: Os principais achados relativos à comparação entre as duas visitas foram: 1) dois pacientes apresentaram retardo de crescimento; 2) dois pacientes apresentaram variação negativa em relação ao peso; 3) um paciente apresentou variação de obesidade para sobrepeso; 4) três pacientes desenvolveram alargamento do ventrículo esquerdo; destes, dois aumentaram o número de lesões nas valvas cardíacas; 5) não foi encontrada diferença estatística significativa entre a média das distâncias percorridas no teste da caminhada em 6 minutos; 6) houve aumento do volume esplênico; 7) ocorreu aumento dos níveis de gamaglutamiltransferase; 8) não houve alteração dos níveis urinários de glicosaminoglicanos. CONCLUSÕES: De uma maneira geral, a única variável que apresentou, no período estudado, piora com potencial repercussão clínica imediata foram os achados ecocardiográficos. Embora o período de 12 meses seja curto para medir alterações na maioria dos parâmetros comprometidos na mucopolissacaridose II, sua natureza progressiva deve ser levada em conta na avaliação da eficácia dos protocolos de tratamento para essa condição.
Neurology, 2007
Objective: To investigate the influence of aging on conventional MRI and magnetic resonance spect... more Objective: To investigate the influence of aging on conventional MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) findings of mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) patients and to test the correlation of enzyme levels, urinary glycosaminoglycans (GAG), and neuroimaging findings.
Molecular Genetics and Metabolism, 2010
In mucopolysaccharidosis VI, or Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome, deficiency of N-acetylgalactosamine 4-su... more In mucopolysaccharidosis VI, or Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome, deficiency of N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfatase leads to storage of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and MPS VI patients often develop spinal cord compression during the course of the disease due to GAG storage within the cervical meninges, requiring neurosurgical intervention, as intravenous (IV) enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is not expected to cross the blood-brain barrier. We report the use of intrathecal (IT) recombinant human N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfatase (arylsulfatase B, or ASB) in a MPS VI child with spinal cord compression whose parents initially refused the surgical treatment. Assessments were performed at baseline, with clinical, neurological and biochemical evaluations, urodynamic studies and MRI of the CNS. Changes on these parameters were evaluated after IT infusions of ASB administered monthly via lumbar puncture (LP) in a IV ERT naive patient. To our knowledge, this was the first MPS VI patient who received IT ERT. Despite significant urodynamic improvement and some neurological amelioration, the patient developed worsening of walking capacity. After IV ERT was started, the patient presented with a generalized hypotonia and a life-saving surgical fixation of the neck was then performed. The results observed on this MPS VI patient suggest that instability of the cervical vertebrae could be unmasked by IV ERT as joint storage is reduced, and the decrease in neck stiffness and stability could confound the expected improvement of SCC manifestations following IT ERT. The study of further patients, if possible in a clinical trial setting, is needed to evaluate the potential of a non-surgical IT ERT treatment of SCC for MPS VI.
American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, 2008
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) form a group of inherited metabolic disorders characterized by intral... more Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) form a group of inherited metabolic disorders characterized by intralysosomal storage of glycosaminoglycans. This study aimed to investigate the path followed by Brazilian patients from birth to diagnosis. An interview was conducted with patient's parents or guardians with subsequent review of patient's medical records. One hundred thirteen patients with MPS were included (MPS I: 18, MPS II: 43, MPS IIIA: 2, MPS IIIB: 3, MPS IIIC: 1, MPS IVA: 15, MPS IVB: 1, MPS VI: 29, MPS VII: 1) from 97 families. Median age at the onset of signs/symptoms was 18 months (MPS I: 18, MPS II: 24, MPS IVA: 8, MPS VI: 8). Skeletal abnormalities (for MPS IVA and MPS VI), joint contractures (for MPS II), and typical facial features (for MPS I) were the most frequently reported first signs/symptoms. Several health professionals were involved in patient's care as of the onset of symptoms until biochemical diagnosis was established. Median age at diagnosis was 76 months (MPS I: 75, MPS II: 95, MPS IVA: 75, MPS VI: 52). Considering the group as a whole, there was a 4.8-year delay between the onset of signs/symptoms and the establishment of the diagnosis. Considering that specific therapies are available for some of these disorders and that early treatment is likely to change more favorably the natural history of the disease, efforts should be made to minimize this delay. We believe that this situation can be improved by measures that both increase awareness of health professionals about MPS and improve access to diagnostic tests. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 2010
Most lysosomal diseases (LD) are inherited as autosomal recessive traits, but two important condi... more Most lysosomal diseases (LD) are inherited as autosomal recessive traits, but two important conditions have X-linked inheritance: Fabry disease and Mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS II). These two diseases show a very different pattern regarding expression on heterozygotes, which does not seem to be explained by the X-inactivation mechanism only. While MPS II heterozygotes are asymptomatic in most instances, in Fabry disease most of female carriers show some disease manifestation, which is sometimes severe. It is known that there is a major difference among X-linked diseases depending on the cell autonomy of the gene product involved and, therefore, on the occurrence of cross-correction. Since lysosomal enzymes are usually secreted and uptaken by neighbor cells, the different findings between MPS II and Fabry disease heterozygotes can also be due to different efficiency of crosscorrection (higher in MPS II and lower in Fabry disease). In this paper, we review these two X-linked LD in order to discuss the mechanisms that could explain the different rates of penetrance and expressivity observed in the heterozygotes; this could be helpful to better understand the expression of X-linked traits.
O Ministério da Saúde reforça a recomendação sobre a necessidade das autoridades de saúde e todo ... more O Ministério da Saúde reforça a recomendação sobre a necessidade das autoridades de saúde e todo o corpo clínico e de apoio manterem o sigilo da identidade dos casos. Esta medida visa evitar estigma social aos pacientes e resguardar o direito da inviolabilidade de sua privacidade. O não cumprimento dessa medida sujeita o infrator a ações administrativas e penais. VERSÃO III -Brasília, 5 de agosto de 2009 -Página | 2 SUMÁRIO INTRODUÇÃO GERAL MÓDULO 1 MANEJO CLÍNICO, DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO DE DOENÇA RESPIRATÓRIA AGUDA GRAVE