Roger Wagner | UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (original) (raw)

Papers by Roger Wagner

Research paper thumbnail of Production of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids by Microorganisms Isolated in the Brazilian Pampa Biome

Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, Sep 1, 2018

One hundred fifty fungal strains were isolated from the Pampa biome for production of polyunsatur... more One hundred fifty fungal strains were isolated from the Pampa biome for production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Microbial oil was produced by submerged cultivation at 120 rpm, 28 °C for 7 days. Seven strains showed the best results for lipids accumulation, and they were selected in order to evaluate the influence of the temperature (15 and 28 °C) on the lipid production and profile. The fungus Nigrospora sp. produced the highest lipid level: at 28 °C were produced 11.28% of lipids and 51.94% of PUFA and at 15 ºC were produced 6.02% of lipids and 42.39% of PUFA. Plackett Burman design was performed to investigate the main effects of the temperature (15-25 °C), pH (4.0-6.0), agitation (120-200 rpm), corn steep liquor (5-15% (v/v)) and sucrose concentrations (60-180 g L-1). The highest PUFA production (55.75%) was observed at the lowest temperatures (15 °C), whereas the maximum lipid production was 5.54% at 25 °C.

Research paper thumbnail of Scenedesmus obliquus metabolomics: effect of photoperiods and cell growth phases

Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Jan 22, 2019

Environmental factors directly affect the growth and composition of microalgal biomass. Therefore... more Environmental factors directly affect the growth and composition of microalgal biomass. Therefore, the present work analyzed the metabolomics (amino acids, organic acids, and fatty acids) of the microalga Scenedesmus obliquus cultivated in 24:0 and 12:12 (light:dark) photoperiods and different phases of cell growth. Furthermore, the metabolites were related to protein, lipid, and chlorophyll contents at the end of cultivation. The highest biomass concentration (4020 mg L − 1) and protein (47.3%) were obtained in culture under constant illumination. The cultivation 12:12 (light:dark) photoperiod triggered higher production of lipids (23.0%) and chlorophylls (26.4 mg g − 1) by S. obliquus. Microalgal metabolites were greatly affected by photoperiod and by phase of cell growth. Thus, metabolite production could be related to both the environmental conditions under which cultivation occurred and to the different concentrations of products (proteins, lipids, and chlorophylls) present in the S. obliquus biomass.

Research paper thumbnail of Towards a Sustainable Route for the Production of Squalene Using Cyanobacteria

Waste and Biomass Valorization, Jan 5, 2018

Treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater is a huge industrial problem. The use of an algae biorefin... more Treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater is a huge industrial problem. The use of an algae biorefinery platform could be a sustainable technological alternative that produces value-added compounds instead of dumping the wastewater. For this reason, this research aimed to evaluate squalene production from the microalgae Phormidium autumnale cultivated using agroindustrial wastewater. A derivatization method was performed to determine the squalene and fatty acids content, evaluated by gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass spectrometry detectors. A total of 0.18 g/kg of squalene were found in the biomass, with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids (52%). Sensitivity analysis estimated production of 727-72,750 kg/year in industries with different capacities. In this sense, P. autumnale in agroindustrial wastewater could offer a potential alternative method of squalene production.

Research paper thumbnail of Replacing Animal Fat with Gels of Psyllium Fiber and Combined Linseed Oil–Psyllium Fiber in Salamis: Impacts on Technological, Nutritional, Oxidative, and Sensory Properties

Foods

This study produced two gels: one solely using psyllium fiber (GP) and another combining this fib... more This study produced two gels: one solely using psyllium fiber (GP) and another combining this fiber with linseed oil (GL+P). Both gels replaced 15% and 30% of the animal fat content of salamis. The objective was to evaluate the impact of this lipid reformulation on the technological, nutritional, oxidative, and sensory properties of the salamis. The lipid reformulation did not alter the evolution of pH and lactic acid bacteria during processing. The addition of GL+P did not interfere with the product’s drying process. However, replacing 30% of animal fat with the GP resulted in greater weight loss and a lower final Aw value. The lipid reformulation minimally affected the color of the salamis but significantly enhanced their nutritional profile. This improvement was marked by a decrease in fat content and an increase in protein. Specifically, in the samples with GL+P, there was a rise in linolenic acid content and a reduction in the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio. Adding GP did not affect the sa...

Research paper thumbnail of Increase in the Bioactive Potential of Olive Pomace Oil after Ultrasound-Assisted Maceration

Foods

Olive pomace oil is obtained when a mixture of olive pomace and residual water is subjected to a ... more Olive pomace oil is obtained when a mixture of olive pomace and residual water is subjected to a second centrifugation. This oil has small amounts of phenolic and volatile compounds compared with extra-virgin olive oil. This study aimed to promote the aromatization of olive pomace oil with rosemary and basil using ultrasound-assisted maceration (UAM) to increase its bioactive potential. For each spice, the ultrasound operating conditions (amplitude, temperature, and extraction time) were optimized through central composite designs. Free fatty acids, peroxide value, volatile compounds, specific extinction coefficients, fatty acids, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, polar compounds, and oxidative stability were determined. After obtaining the optimal maceration conditions assisted by ultrasound, pomace oils flavored with rosemary and basil were compared to pure olive pomace oil. Quality parameters and fatty acids showed no significant difference after UAM. Rosemary aroma...

Research paper thumbnail of Development of a new method for simultaneous extraction of chlorophylls and carotenoids from microalgal biomass

Journal of Applied Phycology, Apr 26, 2021

There are still limitations in the pigment extraction methods used in microalgae biomass, especia... more There are still limitations in the pigment extraction methods used in microalgae biomass, especially for laboratory scale. This work aimed to develop a simple method for simultaneous extraction of chlorophylls and carotenoids from the microalgae Spirulina sp. and Scenedesmus obliquus. The extraction was performed using a methanol/chloroform (2:1 v/v) mixture with different homogenization times (30, 60 and 120 min); after exhaustive extraction with chloroform, acetone, ethyl acetate, and ethanol were tested and compared with the reference maceration method (MM). Satisfactory recovery values, mostly between 101.1 and 124.2%, were obtained with 30 min of homogenization and extraction with ethanol after chloroform (PM30E). In general, the chlorophyll and carotenoid profiles obtained by the PM30E presented fewer isomers and possible degradation compounds. PM30E showed a reduction of about five times the volume of organic solvents and was four times faster than the MM. In addition, this method provided greater analytical frequency and security for the analyst, since PM30E is performed in a closed system of mechanical homogenization.

Research paper thumbnail of Raspberry Extract as a Strategy to Improve the Oxidative Stability of Pork Burgers Enriched with Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Foods

Hydrogelled emulsions (HEs) of linseed oil and pea protein (PP) were produced with four levels (0... more Hydrogelled emulsions (HEs) of linseed oil and pea protein (PP) were produced with four levels (0, 5, 7.5, and 10%) of raspberry extract obtained by a green extraction technique (microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity—MHG). HEs were applied in burgers to replace 50% of pork backfat content. The products’ technological, nutritional, oxidative, microbiological, and sensory properties were evaluated. Besides reducing the fat level by approximately 43%, the reformulation reduced the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio to healthy levels, decreased the diameter reduction by 30%, and increased the cooking yield by 11%. Including 7.5 and 10% of raspberry extract in the HEs decreased the oxidative defects caused by the enrichment of the burgers with omega-3 fatty acids. In addition, the raspberry extract did not cause alterations in the mesophilic aerobic count and the burgers’ sensory profile.

Research paper thumbnail of The Role of Photo-Cycles in the Modulation of Growth and Biochemical Profile of Microalgae: Part I—Food Interest Compounds

Life, 2022

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different photo-cycles on the growth and... more The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different photo-cycles on the growth and biochemical profile of Scenedesmus obliquus CPCC05, focusing on food interest compounds. The photo-cycle conditions were separated into three groups: long-term photo-cycles (24:0, 22:2, 20:4, 18:6, 12:12, and 10:14 (h:h)), frequency photo-cycles (2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 times per day (t/d)), and short photo-cycles (0.91:0.09, 0.83:0.17, 0.75:0.25, and 0.50:0.50 (s:s)) of light:dark, respectively. The results showed these microalgae can store enough energy to support cell growth for continuous periods of up to 2 h in the dark, without affecting the productivity of the process. This 2 h, when divided into 2 cycles per day (2 t/d), showed the best growth condition (3700 mg L−1), generation time (14.40 h), and maximum biomass productivity (21.43 mg L h−1). This photo-cycle of 2 t/d was also the best condition for the production of total sterols. However, the values of polyunsaturated fatty ...

Research paper thumbnail of The role of microalgae-based systems in the dynamics of odorous compounds in the meat processing industry. Part II - Olfactometry and sensory relevance

DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT, 2021

This research evaluated the role of microalgae-based systems in deodorizing the meat processing i... more This research evaluated the role of microalgae-based systems in deodorizing the meat processing industry by analyzing gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O). The olfactometric odorant profile of raw wastewater, the deodorization process along the residence time, and the high-value volatile organic compounds generated by heterotrophic cultures of Phormidium autumnale were assessed. The results presented thirty-seven compounds identified by GC-O in the raw wastewater. Indole and skatole were considered the main odor markers with the modified frequency of 91% and 75%, respectively. These compounds did not present sensory perception after 72 h of residence time, suggesting that were completely removed. At the same time, a total of 11 compounds were formed in the microalgae-based process. These compounds were classified as fruity, citrus, green, and resinous by the judges and can be used as a flavoring agent. Finally, the microalgal heterotrophic bioreactor was able to mitigate the most unpleasant odors of the meat processing wastewater, and, in addition, compounds of commercial interest were generated, suggesting the possibility of exploring them for application in the fine chemical or food industry.

Research paper thumbnail of Composição química e perfil de ácidos graxos no leite orgânico de vacas leiteiras alimentadas com microalgas (Schizochytrium limacinum)

Research, Society and Development, 2021

Nosso objetivo foi determinar se a suplementação de microalgas (Schizochytrium limacinum) afeta a... more Nosso objetivo foi determinar se a suplementação de microalgas (Schizochytrium limacinum) afeta a produção diária, composição e perfil de ácidos graxos do leite orgânico. Oito vacas em lactação foram mantidas a pasto e divididas em dois grupos: as alimentadas com sabugo de milho como suplemento duas vezes ao dia durante a ordenha (CTL) e as alimentadas com sabugo de milho misturado com 100 g de microalgas (ALG) por vaca diariamente. As microalgas não afetaram a produção e composição diária do leite, mas foi observada uma tendência de redução da gordura do leite. O nível de ácido esteárico no leite de vacas alimentadas com ALG foi significativamente reduzido em 2,46 vezes, enquanto os níveis de ácido elaídico e ácido linoléico conjugado foram significativamente elevados em 3,3 vezes e 1,8 vezes, respectivamente. Uma proporção significativamente maior de PUFA: MUFA foi observada no tratamento com ALG, enquanto a proporção de MUFA: ácido graxo saturado mostrou uma tendência a aumentar ...

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of anti-inflammatory and healing activity of a nano-structured lipid carrier containing tucuman butter oil and butter

The Amazon region has a wide variety of native palm trees that have fruits and oilseeds. Among th... more The Amazon region has a wide variety of native palm trees that have fruits and oilseeds. Among these palm trees, Para tucuma (Astrocaryum vulgare) stands out, which provides the tucuma fruit from which its oil is extracted, which has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, healing and antibacterial properties, among others. However, oils, like that of tucuma, are sensitive to thermal degradation, as well as oxidative reactions, which can reduce their pharmacological effectiveness. In this way, nanotechnology can be a tool to preserve the pharmacological properties of essential oils and increase their therapeutic effectiveness. Therefore, this study aims to develop a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) containing tucuma butter and oil, to analyze its in vitro properties of anti-inflammatory and healing activity. For that, tests of anti-inflammatory activity and healing activity were performed by the Scratch test in vitro. The results of the tests demonstrated that the majority of the NLC conc...

Research paper thumbnail of Development of a new method for simultaneous extraction of chlorophylls and carotenoids from microalgal biomass

Journal of Applied Phycology, 2021

There are still limitations in the pigment extraction methods used in microalgae biomass, especia... more There are still limitations in the pigment extraction methods used in microalgae biomass, especially for laboratory scale. This work aimed to develop a simple method for simultaneous extraction of chlorophylls and carotenoids from the microalgae Spirulina sp. and Scenedesmus obliquus. The extraction was performed using a methanol/chloroform (2:1 v/v) mixture with different homogenization times (30, 60 and 120 min); after exhaustive extraction with chloroform, acetone, ethyl acetate, and ethanol were tested and compared with the reference maceration method (MM). Satisfactory recovery values, mostly between 101.1 and 124.2%, were obtained with 30 min of homogenization and extraction with ethanol after chloroform (PM30E). In general, the chlorophyll and carotenoid profiles obtained by the PM30E presented fewer isomers and possible degradation compounds. PM30E showed a reduction of about five times the volume of organic solvents and was four times faster than the MM. In addition, this method provided greater analytical frequency and security for the analyst, since PM30E is performed in a closed system of mechanical homogenization.

Research paper thumbnail of Fungal growth, patulin accumulation and volatile profile in ‘Fuji Mishima’ apples under controlled atmosphere and dynamic controlled atmosphere

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, 2021

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate fungal and patulin contamination, together w... more ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate fungal and patulin contamination, together with its correlation with the volatile compounds (VCs), in ‘Fuji Mishima’ apples (up to 25% decayed) under controlled atmosphere (CA) and dynamic controlled atmosphere with respiratory quotient (DCA-RQ) of 1.3 combined with different partial pressures of carbon dioxide (0.8, 1.2, 1.6 and 2.0 pCO2). Fruits were stored under the above conditions for 8 months at 0.5 °C plus 7 days shelf life at 20 °C. Toxigenic fungi and patulin accumulation were found in apples from all treatments. Penicillium expansum was the most prevalent species. For all storage conditions, patulin concentrations were above the maximum level allowed in Brazil (50 μg kg−1) with an exception of DCA-RQ1.3 + 0.8 kPa CO2. This condition, with lower pCO2, showed the lowest patulin accumulation, below the legal limit. The CA provided the highest patulin concentration (166 μg kg−1). It was observed that fungal growth could also contribute to changes in the volatile composition. Styrene and 3-methyl-1-butanol are considered P. expansum markers in some apple cultivars and were detected in the samples. However, it was not possible to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are biomarkers from P. expansum, because there were other fungi species present in all samples. In this study, styrene, n-decanoic acid, toluene, phenol and alpha-farnesene were the compounds that showed the most positive correlation with patulin accumulation. On the other hand, a negative correlation of patulin with acids has been shown, indicating that in treatments with a higher patulin concentration there were less acidic compounds. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Estratégias Para O Armazenamento e Manutenção De Qualidade Da Noz-Pecã Após a Colheita

Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação: do campo à mesa, 2020

Resumo A noz-pecã é um fruto seco rico em compostos nutritivos, considerado um alimento promotor ... more Resumo A noz-pecã é um fruto seco rico em compostos nutritivos, considerado um alimento promotor de saúde. No entanto, a manutenção da qualidade da noz-pecã no período pós-colheita tornase um desafio, devido ao seu alto teor lipídico, constituído majoritariamente de ácidos graxos insaturados suscetíveis à oxidação. Nesse processo pode ocorrer escurecimento das nozes, perda da crocância, formação de odores rançosos, bem como a redução das propriedades nutricionais, comprometendo a integridade e, consequentemente, perdas na comercialização. Além disso, o beneficiamento ineficiente também impacta no desenvolvimento de microrganismos, especialmente os fungos, que além de acelerar as reações de degradação podem produzir micotoxinas, as quais são nocivas à saúde do consumidor. Apesar de sua importância nutricional e econômica, há poucas informações sobre condições ideais de armazenamento e vida-de-prateleira das nozes-pecã. Em geral, temperaturas abaixo de 10 °C, teor de umidade em torno de 4%, umidade relativa de 40-60%, concentração de oxigênio menor que 3kPa de O2 são recomendadas para o armazenamento de nozes. Esta revisão foi realizada para congregar diferentes técnicas e parâmetros de armazenamento (temperatura, tempo, umidade, etc.), bem como os tipos de embalagens na estocagem, visando a manutenção da qualidade das nozes-pecã. Dessa forma, o conhecimento sobre as condições recomendadas para o armazenamento e beneficiamento da noz-pecã favorece a conservação dos atributos nutricionais e sensoriais.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Microwave and Hot Air Drying on the Physicochemical Characteristics and Quality of Jelly Palm Pulp

Food Science and Technology Research, 2017

The drying of jelly palm pulp with hot air (HA) or microwave (MW) radiation was evaluated at thre... more The drying of jelly palm pulp with hot air (HA) or microwave (MW) radiation was evaluated at three temperatures (50, 60 and 70℃), and the physicochemical and sensory properties of the dried pulp were considered. Drying using MW increased the drying rate and a reduction in the drying time compared with HA. Infrared thermography showed heterogeneous heating using MW. The water activity of the dried pulp ranged from 0.43 to 0.51. The colour of the dried pulps at 50 and 60℃ after using both techniques suffered less thermal degradation than drying at 70℃, which generated darker pulp. The best results were obtained using MW at 60℃, because this presented no significant sensory differences and required a shorter drying time than MW at 50℃.

Research paper thumbnail of The role of microalgae-based systems in the dynamics of the odors compounds in the meat processing industry

DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT, 2019

The aim of this work was to evaluate the dynamics of odors compounds in the meat processing indus... more The aim of this work was to evaluate the dynamics of odors compounds in the meat processing industry through microalgae-based processes. The study focused on the characterization of odorant profile from raw wastewater, on the deodorization of the compounds and the formation of the volatile organic compounds as co-products of the process. The results showed that emissions from the wastewater treatment plant are composed of 4 sulfur, 7 aldehydes, 1 furan, 2 hydrocarbon, 10 terpenes, 7 alcohols, 2 ketones, 3 amines, and 4 phenolic compounds. The levels of these volatile organic compounds from wastewater, regardless of polarity range, decreased with concomitant formation of other compounds, usually with desirable odor description, as residence time increased. A total of 15 compounds of various chemical structures (such as aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, esters, terpenes, acids, and nitrogen compounds) ware formed. Regardless of these organic classes, three main odor categories (fruity, spicy, and resinous) emerged. Based on these results, we found the potential of the microalgae-based processes for odor abatement of the meat industry in parallel to production of desirable compounds.

Research paper thumbnail of Towards a Sustainable Route for the Production of Squalene Using Cyanobacteria

Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2018

Treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater is a huge industrial problem. The use of an algae biorefin... more Treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater is a huge industrial problem. The use of an algae biorefinery platform could be a sustainable technological alternative that produces value-added compounds instead of dumping the wastewater. For this reason, this research aimed to evaluate squalene production from the microalgae Phormidium autumnale cultivated using agroindustrial wastewater. A derivatization method was performed to determine the squalene and fatty acids content, evaluated by gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass spectrometry detectors. A total of 0.18 g/kg of squalene were found in the biomass, with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids (52%). Sensitivity analysis estimated production of 727-72,750 kg/year in industries with different capacities. In this sense, P. autumnale in agroindustrial wastewater could offer a potential alternative method of squalene production.

Research paper thumbnail of Production of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids by Microorganisms Isolated in the Brazilian Pampa Biome

Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2018

One hundred fifty fungal strains were isolated from the Pampa biome for production of polyunsatur... more One hundred fifty fungal strains were isolated from the Pampa biome for production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Microbial oil was produced by submerged cultivation at 120 rpm, 28 °C for 7 days. Seven strains showed the best results for lipids accumulation, and they were selected in order to evaluate the influence of the temperature (15 and 28 °C) on the lipid production and profile. The fungus Nigrospora sp. produced the highest lipid level: at 28 °C were produced 11.28% of lipids and 51.94% of PUFA and at 15 ºC were produced 6.02% of lipids and 42.39% of PUFA. Plackett Burman design was performed to investigate the main effects of the temperature (15-25 °C), pH (4.0-6.0), agitation (120-200 rpm), corn steep liquor (5-15% (v/v)) and sucrose concentrations (60-180 g L-1). The highest PUFA production (55.75%) was observed at the lowest temperatures (15 °C), whereas the maximum lipid production was 5.54% at 25 °C.

Research paper thumbnail of Scenedesmus obliquus metabolomics: effect of photoperiods and cell growth phases

Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 2019

Environmental factors directly affect the growth and composition of microalgal biomass. Therefore... more Environmental factors directly affect the growth and composition of microalgal biomass. Therefore, the present work analyzed the metabolomics (amino acids, organic acids, and fatty acids) of the microalga Scenedesmus obliquus cultivated in 24:0 and 12:12 (light:dark) photoperiods and different phases of cell growth. Furthermore, the metabolites were related to protein, lipid, and chlorophyll contents at the end of cultivation. The highest biomass concentration (4020 mg L − 1) and protein (47.3%) were obtained in culture under constant illumination. The cultivation 12:12 (light:dark) photoperiod triggered higher production of lipids (23.0%) and chlorophylls (26.4 mg g − 1) by S. obliquus. Microalgal metabolites were greatly affected by photoperiod and by phase of cell growth. Thus, metabolite production could be related to both the environmental conditions under which cultivation occurred and to the different concentrations of products (proteins, lipids, and chlorophylls) present in the S. obliquus biomass.

Research paper thumbnail of Oxidative stability of burgers containing chia oil microparticles enriched with rosemary by green-extraction techniques

Meat science, 2018

In the first part of this study, the oxidative stability of chia oils enriched with rosemary by u... more In the first part of this study, the oxidative stability of chia oils enriched with rosemary by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and by a conventional maceration extraction (CME) was evaluated. In the second part, chia oil enriched with rosemary by UAE or CME was microencapsulated and used to replace 50% fat in burgers. The oxidative and sensory quality of burgers were evaluated during 120 days of storage at -18 °C. Chia oil enriched with rosemary by UAE presented a higher oxidative stability compared to CME. Higher Eh and TBARS values were found in burgers containing chia oil microparticles without rosemary. The burgers produced with chia oil microparticles enriched with rosemary by UAE showed greater oxidative stability than other treatments, mainly after cooking. Furthermore, the incorporation of rosemary antioxidants to chia oil reduced the sensory defects caused by the lipid reformulation.

Research paper thumbnail of Production of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids by Microorganisms Isolated in the Brazilian Pampa Biome

Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, Sep 1, 2018

One hundred fifty fungal strains were isolated from the Pampa biome for production of polyunsatur... more One hundred fifty fungal strains were isolated from the Pampa biome for production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Microbial oil was produced by submerged cultivation at 120 rpm, 28 °C for 7 days. Seven strains showed the best results for lipids accumulation, and they were selected in order to evaluate the influence of the temperature (15 and 28 °C) on the lipid production and profile. The fungus Nigrospora sp. produced the highest lipid level: at 28 °C were produced 11.28% of lipids and 51.94% of PUFA and at 15 ºC were produced 6.02% of lipids and 42.39% of PUFA. Plackett Burman design was performed to investigate the main effects of the temperature (15-25 °C), pH (4.0-6.0), agitation (120-200 rpm), corn steep liquor (5-15% (v/v)) and sucrose concentrations (60-180 g L-1). The highest PUFA production (55.75%) was observed at the lowest temperatures (15 °C), whereas the maximum lipid production was 5.54% at 25 °C.

Research paper thumbnail of Scenedesmus obliquus metabolomics: effect of photoperiods and cell growth phases

Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Jan 22, 2019

Environmental factors directly affect the growth and composition of microalgal biomass. Therefore... more Environmental factors directly affect the growth and composition of microalgal biomass. Therefore, the present work analyzed the metabolomics (amino acids, organic acids, and fatty acids) of the microalga Scenedesmus obliquus cultivated in 24:0 and 12:12 (light:dark) photoperiods and different phases of cell growth. Furthermore, the metabolites were related to protein, lipid, and chlorophyll contents at the end of cultivation. The highest biomass concentration (4020 mg L − 1) and protein (47.3%) were obtained in culture under constant illumination. The cultivation 12:12 (light:dark) photoperiod triggered higher production of lipids (23.0%) and chlorophylls (26.4 mg g − 1) by S. obliquus. Microalgal metabolites were greatly affected by photoperiod and by phase of cell growth. Thus, metabolite production could be related to both the environmental conditions under which cultivation occurred and to the different concentrations of products (proteins, lipids, and chlorophylls) present in the S. obliquus biomass.

Research paper thumbnail of Towards a Sustainable Route for the Production of Squalene Using Cyanobacteria

Waste and Biomass Valorization, Jan 5, 2018

Treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater is a huge industrial problem. The use of an algae biorefin... more Treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater is a huge industrial problem. The use of an algae biorefinery platform could be a sustainable technological alternative that produces value-added compounds instead of dumping the wastewater. For this reason, this research aimed to evaluate squalene production from the microalgae Phormidium autumnale cultivated using agroindustrial wastewater. A derivatization method was performed to determine the squalene and fatty acids content, evaluated by gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass spectrometry detectors. A total of 0.18 g/kg of squalene were found in the biomass, with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids (52%). Sensitivity analysis estimated production of 727-72,750 kg/year in industries with different capacities. In this sense, P. autumnale in agroindustrial wastewater could offer a potential alternative method of squalene production.

Research paper thumbnail of Replacing Animal Fat with Gels of Psyllium Fiber and Combined Linseed Oil–Psyllium Fiber in Salamis: Impacts on Technological, Nutritional, Oxidative, and Sensory Properties

Foods

This study produced two gels: one solely using psyllium fiber (GP) and another combining this fib... more This study produced two gels: one solely using psyllium fiber (GP) and another combining this fiber with linseed oil (GL+P). Both gels replaced 15% and 30% of the animal fat content of salamis. The objective was to evaluate the impact of this lipid reformulation on the technological, nutritional, oxidative, and sensory properties of the salamis. The lipid reformulation did not alter the evolution of pH and lactic acid bacteria during processing. The addition of GL+P did not interfere with the product’s drying process. However, replacing 30% of animal fat with the GP resulted in greater weight loss and a lower final Aw value. The lipid reformulation minimally affected the color of the salamis but significantly enhanced their nutritional profile. This improvement was marked by a decrease in fat content and an increase in protein. Specifically, in the samples with GL+P, there was a rise in linolenic acid content and a reduction in the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio. Adding GP did not affect the sa...

Research paper thumbnail of Increase in the Bioactive Potential of Olive Pomace Oil after Ultrasound-Assisted Maceration

Foods

Olive pomace oil is obtained when a mixture of olive pomace and residual water is subjected to a ... more Olive pomace oil is obtained when a mixture of olive pomace and residual water is subjected to a second centrifugation. This oil has small amounts of phenolic and volatile compounds compared with extra-virgin olive oil. This study aimed to promote the aromatization of olive pomace oil with rosemary and basil using ultrasound-assisted maceration (UAM) to increase its bioactive potential. For each spice, the ultrasound operating conditions (amplitude, temperature, and extraction time) were optimized through central composite designs. Free fatty acids, peroxide value, volatile compounds, specific extinction coefficients, fatty acids, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, polar compounds, and oxidative stability were determined. After obtaining the optimal maceration conditions assisted by ultrasound, pomace oils flavored with rosemary and basil were compared to pure olive pomace oil. Quality parameters and fatty acids showed no significant difference after UAM. Rosemary aroma...

Research paper thumbnail of Development of a new method for simultaneous extraction of chlorophylls and carotenoids from microalgal biomass

Journal of Applied Phycology, Apr 26, 2021

There are still limitations in the pigment extraction methods used in microalgae biomass, especia... more There are still limitations in the pigment extraction methods used in microalgae biomass, especially for laboratory scale. This work aimed to develop a simple method for simultaneous extraction of chlorophylls and carotenoids from the microalgae Spirulina sp. and Scenedesmus obliquus. The extraction was performed using a methanol/chloroform (2:1 v/v) mixture with different homogenization times (30, 60 and 120 min); after exhaustive extraction with chloroform, acetone, ethyl acetate, and ethanol were tested and compared with the reference maceration method (MM). Satisfactory recovery values, mostly between 101.1 and 124.2%, were obtained with 30 min of homogenization and extraction with ethanol after chloroform (PM30E). In general, the chlorophyll and carotenoid profiles obtained by the PM30E presented fewer isomers and possible degradation compounds. PM30E showed a reduction of about five times the volume of organic solvents and was four times faster than the MM. In addition, this method provided greater analytical frequency and security for the analyst, since PM30E is performed in a closed system of mechanical homogenization.

Research paper thumbnail of Raspberry Extract as a Strategy to Improve the Oxidative Stability of Pork Burgers Enriched with Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Foods

Hydrogelled emulsions (HEs) of linseed oil and pea protein (PP) were produced with four levels (0... more Hydrogelled emulsions (HEs) of linseed oil and pea protein (PP) were produced with four levels (0, 5, 7.5, and 10%) of raspberry extract obtained by a green extraction technique (microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity—MHG). HEs were applied in burgers to replace 50% of pork backfat content. The products’ technological, nutritional, oxidative, microbiological, and sensory properties were evaluated. Besides reducing the fat level by approximately 43%, the reformulation reduced the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio to healthy levels, decreased the diameter reduction by 30%, and increased the cooking yield by 11%. Including 7.5 and 10% of raspberry extract in the HEs decreased the oxidative defects caused by the enrichment of the burgers with omega-3 fatty acids. In addition, the raspberry extract did not cause alterations in the mesophilic aerobic count and the burgers’ sensory profile.

Research paper thumbnail of The Role of Photo-Cycles in the Modulation of Growth and Biochemical Profile of Microalgae: Part I—Food Interest Compounds

Life, 2022

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different photo-cycles on the growth and... more The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different photo-cycles on the growth and biochemical profile of Scenedesmus obliquus CPCC05, focusing on food interest compounds. The photo-cycle conditions were separated into three groups: long-term photo-cycles (24:0, 22:2, 20:4, 18:6, 12:12, and 10:14 (h:h)), frequency photo-cycles (2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 times per day (t/d)), and short photo-cycles (0.91:0.09, 0.83:0.17, 0.75:0.25, and 0.50:0.50 (s:s)) of light:dark, respectively. The results showed these microalgae can store enough energy to support cell growth for continuous periods of up to 2 h in the dark, without affecting the productivity of the process. This 2 h, when divided into 2 cycles per day (2 t/d), showed the best growth condition (3700 mg L−1), generation time (14.40 h), and maximum biomass productivity (21.43 mg L h−1). This photo-cycle of 2 t/d was also the best condition for the production of total sterols. However, the values of polyunsaturated fatty ...

Research paper thumbnail of The role of microalgae-based systems in the dynamics of odorous compounds in the meat processing industry. Part II - Olfactometry and sensory relevance

DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT, 2021

This research evaluated the role of microalgae-based systems in deodorizing the meat processing i... more This research evaluated the role of microalgae-based systems in deodorizing the meat processing industry by analyzing gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O). The olfactometric odorant profile of raw wastewater, the deodorization process along the residence time, and the high-value volatile organic compounds generated by heterotrophic cultures of Phormidium autumnale were assessed. The results presented thirty-seven compounds identified by GC-O in the raw wastewater. Indole and skatole were considered the main odor markers with the modified frequency of 91% and 75%, respectively. These compounds did not present sensory perception after 72 h of residence time, suggesting that were completely removed. At the same time, a total of 11 compounds were formed in the microalgae-based process. These compounds were classified as fruity, citrus, green, and resinous by the judges and can be used as a flavoring agent. Finally, the microalgal heterotrophic bioreactor was able to mitigate the most unpleasant odors of the meat processing wastewater, and, in addition, compounds of commercial interest were generated, suggesting the possibility of exploring them for application in the fine chemical or food industry.

Research paper thumbnail of Composição química e perfil de ácidos graxos no leite orgânico de vacas leiteiras alimentadas com microalgas (Schizochytrium limacinum)

Research, Society and Development, 2021

Nosso objetivo foi determinar se a suplementação de microalgas (Schizochytrium limacinum) afeta a... more Nosso objetivo foi determinar se a suplementação de microalgas (Schizochytrium limacinum) afeta a produção diária, composição e perfil de ácidos graxos do leite orgânico. Oito vacas em lactação foram mantidas a pasto e divididas em dois grupos: as alimentadas com sabugo de milho como suplemento duas vezes ao dia durante a ordenha (CTL) e as alimentadas com sabugo de milho misturado com 100 g de microalgas (ALG) por vaca diariamente. As microalgas não afetaram a produção e composição diária do leite, mas foi observada uma tendência de redução da gordura do leite. O nível de ácido esteárico no leite de vacas alimentadas com ALG foi significativamente reduzido em 2,46 vezes, enquanto os níveis de ácido elaídico e ácido linoléico conjugado foram significativamente elevados em 3,3 vezes e 1,8 vezes, respectivamente. Uma proporção significativamente maior de PUFA: MUFA foi observada no tratamento com ALG, enquanto a proporção de MUFA: ácido graxo saturado mostrou uma tendência a aumentar ...

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of anti-inflammatory and healing activity of a nano-structured lipid carrier containing tucuman butter oil and butter

The Amazon region has a wide variety of native palm trees that have fruits and oilseeds. Among th... more The Amazon region has a wide variety of native palm trees that have fruits and oilseeds. Among these palm trees, Para tucuma (Astrocaryum vulgare) stands out, which provides the tucuma fruit from which its oil is extracted, which has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, healing and antibacterial properties, among others. However, oils, like that of tucuma, are sensitive to thermal degradation, as well as oxidative reactions, which can reduce their pharmacological effectiveness. In this way, nanotechnology can be a tool to preserve the pharmacological properties of essential oils and increase their therapeutic effectiveness. Therefore, this study aims to develop a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) containing tucuma butter and oil, to analyze its in vitro properties of anti-inflammatory and healing activity. For that, tests of anti-inflammatory activity and healing activity were performed by the Scratch test in vitro. The results of the tests demonstrated that the majority of the NLC conc...

Research paper thumbnail of Development of a new method for simultaneous extraction of chlorophylls and carotenoids from microalgal biomass

Journal of Applied Phycology, 2021

There are still limitations in the pigment extraction methods used in microalgae biomass, especia... more There are still limitations in the pigment extraction methods used in microalgae biomass, especially for laboratory scale. This work aimed to develop a simple method for simultaneous extraction of chlorophylls and carotenoids from the microalgae Spirulina sp. and Scenedesmus obliquus. The extraction was performed using a methanol/chloroform (2:1 v/v) mixture with different homogenization times (30, 60 and 120 min); after exhaustive extraction with chloroform, acetone, ethyl acetate, and ethanol were tested and compared with the reference maceration method (MM). Satisfactory recovery values, mostly between 101.1 and 124.2%, were obtained with 30 min of homogenization and extraction with ethanol after chloroform (PM30E). In general, the chlorophyll and carotenoid profiles obtained by the PM30E presented fewer isomers and possible degradation compounds. PM30E showed a reduction of about five times the volume of organic solvents and was four times faster than the MM. In addition, this method provided greater analytical frequency and security for the analyst, since PM30E is performed in a closed system of mechanical homogenization.

Research paper thumbnail of Fungal growth, patulin accumulation and volatile profile in ‘Fuji Mishima’ apples under controlled atmosphere and dynamic controlled atmosphere

Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, 2021

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate fungal and patulin contamination, together w... more ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate fungal and patulin contamination, together with its correlation with the volatile compounds (VCs), in ‘Fuji Mishima’ apples (up to 25% decayed) under controlled atmosphere (CA) and dynamic controlled atmosphere with respiratory quotient (DCA-RQ) of 1.3 combined with different partial pressures of carbon dioxide (0.8, 1.2, 1.6 and 2.0 pCO2). Fruits were stored under the above conditions for 8 months at 0.5 °C plus 7 days shelf life at 20 °C. Toxigenic fungi and patulin accumulation were found in apples from all treatments. Penicillium expansum was the most prevalent species. For all storage conditions, patulin concentrations were above the maximum level allowed in Brazil (50 μg kg−1) with an exception of DCA-RQ1.3 + 0.8 kPa CO2. This condition, with lower pCO2, showed the lowest patulin accumulation, below the legal limit. The CA provided the highest patulin concentration (166 μg kg−1). It was observed that fungal growth could also contribute to changes in the volatile composition. Styrene and 3-methyl-1-butanol are considered P. expansum markers in some apple cultivars and were detected in the samples. However, it was not possible to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are biomarkers from P. expansum, because there were other fungi species present in all samples. In this study, styrene, n-decanoic acid, toluene, phenol and alpha-farnesene were the compounds that showed the most positive correlation with patulin accumulation. On the other hand, a negative correlation of patulin with acids has been shown, indicating that in treatments with a higher patulin concentration there were less acidic compounds. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Estratégias Para O Armazenamento e Manutenção De Qualidade Da Noz-Pecã Após a Colheita

Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação: do campo à mesa, 2020

Resumo A noz-pecã é um fruto seco rico em compostos nutritivos, considerado um alimento promotor ... more Resumo A noz-pecã é um fruto seco rico em compostos nutritivos, considerado um alimento promotor de saúde. No entanto, a manutenção da qualidade da noz-pecã no período pós-colheita tornase um desafio, devido ao seu alto teor lipídico, constituído majoritariamente de ácidos graxos insaturados suscetíveis à oxidação. Nesse processo pode ocorrer escurecimento das nozes, perda da crocância, formação de odores rançosos, bem como a redução das propriedades nutricionais, comprometendo a integridade e, consequentemente, perdas na comercialização. Além disso, o beneficiamento ineficiente também impacta no desenvolvimento de microrganismos, especialmente os fungos, que além de acelerar as reações de degradação podem produzir micotoxinas, as quais são nocivas à saúde do consumidor. Apesar de sua importância nutricional e econômica, há poucas informações sobre condições ideais de armazenamento e vida-de-prateleira das nozes-pecã. Em geral, temperaturas abaixo de 10 °C, teor de umidade em torno de 4%, umidade relativa de 40-60%, concentração de oxigênio menor que 3kPa de O2 são recomendadas para o armazenamento de nozes. Esta revisão foi realizada para congregar diferentes técnicas e parâmetros de armazenamento (temperatura, tempo, umidade, etc.), bem como os tipos de embalagens na estocagem, visando a manutenção da qualidade das nozes-pecã. Dessa forma, o conhecimento sobre as condições recomendadas para o armazenamento e beneficiamento da noz-pecã favorece a conservação dos atributos nutricionais e sensoriais.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Microwave and Hot Air Drying on the Physicochemical Characteristics and Quality of Jelly Palm Pulp

Food Science and Technology Research, 2017

The drying of jelly palm pulp with hot air (HA) or microwave (MW) radiation was evaluated at thre... more The drying of jelly palm pulp with hot air (HA) or microwave (MW) radiation was evaluated at three temperatures (50, 60 and 70℃), and the physicochemical and sensory properties of the dried pulp were considered. Drying using MW increased the drying rate and a reduction in the drying time compared with HA. Infrared thermography showed heterogeneous heating using MW. The water activity of the dried pulp ranged from 0.43 to 0.51. The colour of the dried pulps at 50 and 60℃ after using both techniques suffered less thermal degradation than drying at 70℃, which generated darker pulp. The best results were obtained using MW at 60℃, because this presented no significant sensory differences and required a shorter drying time than MW at 50℃.

Research paper thumbnail of The role of microalgae-based systems in the dynamics of the odors compounds in the meat processing industry

DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT, 2019

The aim of this work was to evaluate the dynamics of odors compounds in the meat processing indus... more The aim of this work was to evaluate the dynamics of odors compounds in the meat processing industry through microalgae-based processes. The study focused on the characterization of odorant profile from raw wastewater, on the deodorization of the compounds and the formation of the volatile organic compounds as co-products of the process. The results showed that emissions from the wastewater treatment plant are composed of 4 sulfur, 7 aldehydes, 1 furan, 2 hydrocarbon, 10 terpenes, 7 alcohols, 2 ketones, 3 amines, and 4 phenolic compounds. The levels of these volatile organic compounds from wastewater, regardless of polarity range, decreased with concomitant formation of other compounds, usually with desirable odor description, as residence time increased. A total of 15 compounds of various chemical structures (such as aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, esters, terpenes, acids, and nitrogen compounds) ware formed. Regardless of these organic classes, three main odor categories (fruity, spicy, and resinous) emerged. Based on these results, we found the potential of the microalgae-based processes for odor abatement of the meat industry in parallel to production of desirable compounds.

Research paper thumbnail of Towards a Sustainable Route for the Production of Squalene Using Cyanobacteria

Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2018

Treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater is a huge industrial problem. The use of an algae biorefin... more Treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater is a huge industrial problem. The use of an algae biorefinery platform could be a sustainable technological alternative that produces value-added compounds instead of dumping the wastewater. For this reason, this research aimed to evaluate squalene production from the microalgae Phormidium autumnale cultivated using agroindustrial wastewater. A derivatization method was performed to determine the squalene and fatty acids content, evaluated by gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass spectrometry detectors. A total of 0.18 g/kg of squalene were found in the biomass, with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids (52%). Sensitivity analysis estimated production of 727-72,750 kg/year in industries with different capacities. In this sense, P. autumnale in agroindustrial wastewater could offer a potential alternative method of squalene production.

Research paper thumbnail of Production of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids by Microorganisms Isolated in the Brazilian Pampa Biome

Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2018

One hundred fifty fungal strains were isolated from the Pampa biome for production of polyunsatur... more One hundred fifty fungal strains were isolated from the Pampa biome for production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Microbial oil was produced by submerged cultivation at 120 rpm, 28 °C for 7 days. Seven strains showed the best results for lipids accumulation, and they were selected in order to evaluate the influence of the temperature (15 and 28 °C) on the lipid production and profile. The fungus Nigrospora sp. produced the highest lipid level: at 28 °C were produced 11.28% of lipids and 51.94% of PUFA and at 15 ºC were produced 6.02% of lipids and 42.39% of PUFA. Plackett Burman design was performed to investigate the main effects of the temperature (15-25 °C), pH (4.0-6.0), agitation (120-200 rpm), corn steep liquor (5-15% (v/v)) and sucrose concentrations (60-180 g L-1). The highest PUFA production (55.75%) was observed at the lowest temperatures (15 °C), whereas the maximum lipid production was 5.54% at 25 °C.

Research paper thumbnail of Scenedesmus obliquus metabolomics: effect of photoperiods and cell growth phases

Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 2019

Environmental factors directly affect the growth and composition of microalgal biomass. Therefore... more Environmental factors directly affect the growth and composition of microalgal biomass. Therefore, the present work analyzed the metabolomics (amino acids, organic acids, and fatty acids) of the microalga Scenedesmus obliquus cultivated in 24:0 and 12:12 (light:dark) photoperiods and different phases of cell growth. Furthermore, the metabolites were related to protein, lipid, and chlorophyll contents at the end of cultivation. The highest biomass concentration (4020 mg L − 1) and protein (47.3%) were obtained in culture under constant illumination. The cultivation 12:12 (light:dark) photoperiod triggered higher production of lipids (23.0%) and chlorophylls (26.4 mg g − 1) by S. obliquus. Microalgal metabolites were greatly affected by photoperiod and by phase of cell growth. Thus, metabolite production could be related to both the environmental conditions under which cultivation occurred and to the different concentrations of products (proteins, lipids, and chlorophylls) present in the S. obliquus biomass.

Research paper thumbnail of Oxidative stability of burgers containing chia oil microparticles enriched with rosemary by green-extraction techniques

Meat science, 2018

In the first part of this study, the oxidative stability of chia oils enriched with rosemary by u... more In the first part of this study, the oxidative stability of chia oils enriched with rosemary by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and by a conventional maceration extraction (CME) was evaluated. In the second part, chia oil enriched with rosemary by UAE or CME was microencapsulated and used to replace 50% fat in burgers. The oxidative and sensory quality of burgers were evaluated during 120 days of storage at -18 °C. Chia oil enriched with rosemary by UAE presented a higher oxidative stability compared to CME. Higher Eh and TBARS values were found in burgers containing chia oil microparticles without rosemary. The burgers produced with chia oil microparticles enriched with rosemary by UAE showed greater oxidative stability than other treatments, mainly after cooking. Furthermore, the incorporation of rosemary antioxidants to chia oil reduced the sensory defects caused by the lipid reformulation.