Ioan Marian Tiplic | "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu (original) (raw)
Books by Ioan Marian Tiplic
Putere si Religie in Transilvania, 2024
The volume, titled *Power and Religion*, includes 26 studies published over the last 25 years, gr... more The volume, titled *Power and Religion*, includes 26 studies published over the last 25 years, grouped into three sections: *Funerary Archaeology*, *Ecclesiastical Archaeology*, and *Varia Archaeologica*.
Archaeological research from Orăștie Dealul Pemilor X2 began in 1992, the site becoming a school ... more Archaeological research from Orăștie Dealul Pemilor X2 began in 1992, the site becoming a school archaeological site of the Department of Ancient and Medieval History of the "Lucian Blaga" University in Sibiu, under the coordination of Dr. Sabin Adrian Luca. A year before, the archaeological research of the Orăștiei citadel had begun under the coordination of Dr. Zeno Karl Pinter (at that time at the Institute of Socio-Human Research in Sibiu), research that continued without interruption until 1999.
During the first investigations in 1992 at the Dealul Pemilor X2 point, 5 graves were discovered, to which 4 more were added in 1993, belonging to the early medieval necropolis. Later, the objectives of the archaeological research of the Neolithic settlement belonging to the Turdaș culture from this point, led to the concentration of the research towards the interior of the terrace, far from the area where the necropolis was located. Thus, starting from 1995, the research of this necropolis was interrupted, the results obtained in the first two research campaigns being published in a study and resumed in the monographic volume dedicated to the archaeological research carried out on Dealul Pemilor, published in 2001. Starting from 1998, the archaeological research concerning the Neolithic settlement was also stopped. After a two-year break, beginning in the summer of 2000, the archaeological research, strictly targeting the early medieval necropolis, was resumed with a collective, in which Dr. Zeno Karl Pinter was a constant presence, adding over the years Dr. Mihai Căstăian, Dr. Aurel Dragotă, Dr. Maria Crîngaci Țiplic. Thus, between the years 2000-2006, archaeological research was carried out which aimed at the comprehensive research of the early medieval necropolis and which led to the discovery of 71 inhumation graves with a rather rich inventory, composed of ornaments, weapons, vessels and objects of harness
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Cercetarea arheologică în punctul X2 a început în anul 1992, situl devenind șantier arheologic școală al Catedrei de Istorie Antică și Medievală a Universității ”Lucian Blaga” din Sibiu, sub coordonarea dr. Sabin Adrian Luca. Cu un an înainte începuse și cercetarea arheologică a cetății Orăștiei sub coordonarea dr. Zeno Karl Pinter (la acea dată titular la Institutul de Cercetări Socio-Umane din Sibiu), cercetare ce s-a derulat fără întrerupere până în anul 1999.
În cadrul primelor cercetări din anul 1992 în punctul Dealul Pemilor X2 au fost descoperite 5 morminte, cărora li s-au adăugat în anul 1993 alte 4, aparținând necropolei medievale timpurii. Ulterior, obiectivele cercetării arheologice ale așezării neolitice aparținând culturii Turdaș din acest punct, au dus la concentrarea cercetării spre interiorul terasei, departe de zona în care se afla necropola. Astfel că începând cu anul 1995 cercetarea acestei necropole a fost întreruptă, fiind publicate rezultatele obținute în primele doua campanii de cercetare într-un studiu și reluate în volumul monografic dedicat cercetărilor arheologice realizate pe Dealul Pemilor, publicat în anul 2001 . Începând cu anul 1998 au fost oprite și cercetările arheologice ce vizau așezarea neolitică din punctul X2. După o întrerupere de doi ani, începând cu vara anului 2000 cercetările arheologice, vizând strict necropola medievală timpurie, au fost reluate cu un colectiv, în cadrul căruia o prezență constantă a fost cea a dr. Zeno Karl Pinter, adăugându-se de-a lungul anilor dr. Mihai Căstăian, dr. Aurel Dragotă, dr. Maria Crîngaci Țiplic. Astfel, între anii 2000-2006 au fost derulate cercetări arheologice care au vizat cercetarea integrală a necropolei medievale timpurii și care au dus la dezvelirea a 71 de morminte de inhumație cu un inventar destul de bogat, compus din podoabe, arme, vase și obiecte de harnașament.
Istoria spaţiului românesc în perioada secolelor VII-IX este una destul de controversată şi aceas... more Istoria spaţiului românesc în perioada secolelor VII-IX este una destul de controversată şi aceasta datorită faptului că acestui segment temporal îi este atribuită perioada procesului de etnogeneză. Istoriografia română, pornind din secolul al XIX-lea, a transformat discuţia despre etapele de formare a poporului român într-o problemă politică şi legată de problema statu-quo-ului politic al vremii. O radiografiere a temelor studiilor care au făcut referire la această problemă pune în lumină amestecul politicului în derularea cercetărilor legate de etnogeneza românească. Dacă în anii ce au urmat celui de al doilea război mondial a fost căutat cu orice preţ să se demonstreze aportul masiv al populaţiilor slave la procesul de formare a poporului român , în anii de comunism naţionalist, ce au urmat „primăverii de la Praga”, s-a trecut la diminuarea acestui aport slav.
În cadrul discuţiilor legate de tematica aceasta îşi găseşte loc şi analiza necropolelor birituale din spaţiul românesc, necropole atribuite când unor populaţii de slavi când unor comunităţi slavo-romanice, necropole catalogate de K. Horedt ca aparţinând grupului Mediaş . Denumirea acestui grup a fost făcută după descoperirea necropolei birituale din punctul Mediaş - Dealul Furcilor. Foarte interesant este faptul că în Transilvania, după ce se renunţase de mult la ritul incineraţiei şi s-a adoptat cel al înhumării defuncţilor, în secolele VII-VIII, apare o populaţie ce se incinerează şi curios este faptul că în cadrul necropolelor de tip Mediaş, găsim morminte de inhumaţie, bineînţeles într-un număr redus; acestea, s-a spus că aparţineau elementelor locale ce convieţuiau cu noii veniţi, slavii. De remarcat este faptul că în decursul a două secole numărul mormintelor de inhumaţie îl va depăşi pe cel al celor de incineraţie, lucru care s-a întâmplat, fără îndoială, sub puternica influenţă a creştinismului propagat în Transilvania îndeosebi după secolul al IX-lea.
Transilvania constituie un punct de întâlnire între diferite culturi religioase: ortodoxă, catol... more Transilvania constituie un punct de întâlnire între diferite culturi religioase:
ortodoxă, catolică, greco-catolică, calvină, lutherană şi unitariană, fiind un loc de coabitare a unor minorităţi naţionale, în principal români, maghiari şi saşi, fapt ce a oferit o arie de investigaţii ştiinţifice cu particularităţi interesante pentru cercetătorii din
Europa Centrală. Cu toate acestea, istoria Evului Mediu transilvănean în întregul său
a rămas puţin cunoscută datorită barajului lingvistic.
Istoria militară este o parte organică a istoriei şi dezvoltarea politică, socială,
economică şi culturală a afectat întotdeauna sistemele militare şi principiile strategice
de purtare a războiului. Nevoia de securitate a obligat oamenii Evului Mediu la fortificarea locuinţelor sau la amenajarea unei poziţii sigure de retragere. Primele mijloace de apărare au fost: şanţul, valul de pământ, palisada şi abia mai apoi a apărut
incinta de piatră. Studierea tuturor acestor elemente defensive a făcut obiectul preocupărilor a numeroşi cercetători încă din secolul al XIX-lea, dar o mai aprofundată analiză se impune în prezent cu o mare acuitate.
Ridicarea de fortificaţii la începuturile Evului Mediu a fost apreciată în istoriografie
drept un criteriu important pentru evaluarea puterii şi afirmării unei organizaţii
statale. Totodată, înălţarea de fortificaţii a fost văzută ca un indicator al existenţei şi
puterii unei organizaţii statale într-o societate ce se delimitează teritorial-politic.
Demersul nostru încearcă să aducă în discuţie nu atât prezentarea unui număr
de fortificaţii, cât să evidenţieze politica dusă de autoritatea regală în domeniul asigurării graniţelor şi eforturile depuse pentru crearea unei frontiere cât mai impermeabile.
Discuţia pe marginea definirii la nivel terminologic a graniţei – confinium, meta, limes – şi momentul de la care o autoritate politică sau militară conştientizează necesitatea
marcării cu rigurozitate a limitei teritoriului asupra căruia îşi exercită autoritatea nu
au făcut obiectul unor studii prea ample, iar bibliografia pe această temă nu este nici
ea prea bogată.
Cercetarea breslelor transilvănene, ca parte a evoluţiei societăţii medievale, se confruntă cu mă... more Cercetarea breslelor transilvănene, ca parte a evoluţiei societăţii medievale, se confruntă cu măcar două dificultăţi: complexitatea fenomenului şi fragilitatea documentaţiei pe care se reazemă reconstituirea istoriei acestuia. Interesul pentru producţia de arme şi, în special, pentru piesele cu o încărcătură istorică specială s-a manifestat de foarte timpuriu. Interesul pentru arme a atins apogeul în ultima parte a
secolului al XIX-lea datorită, în mare parte, istoriografiei romantice, care a revitalizat şi a repus în circulaţie virtuţile cavalerilor medievali. S-a născut astfel o adevărată modă ca fiecare persoană publică să-şi organizeze o colecţie particulară de arme. Această
situaţie a dus şi la apariţia unor lucrări care tratau istoricul unor piese de colecţie sau al unor colecţii întregi. Deşi implicarea celor ce făureau arme s-a manifestat în domeniile cele mai variate – economic, politic, social şi militar –, apariţia şi dezvoltarea multora dintre breslele transilvănene rămân procese insuficient
cercetate şi clarificate de istoriografia modernă, fie ea de limbă română, germană sau maghiară. Astfel, singura lucrare de sinteză, în limba română, referitoare la breslele transilvănene a fost cea a lui Ştefan Pascu, de la apariţia căreia au trecut mai bine de 50 de ani.
Ca şi trecutul, pe care îl cercetează ca disciplină umanistă, istoria este în permanentă devenire, orice nouă descoperire impune reinterpretarea faptelor, iar aceasta atrage după sine reînnoirea interpretărilor. lucrarea de faţă, pornită iniţial ca o temă de cercetare în perioada studenţiei, nu s-a dorit a fi un capăt de drum, ci doar un eventual instrument de lucru pentru cei care se apleacă asupra studiului istoriei economice a Transilvaniei în perioada secolelor al XIV-lea-al XVI-lea. Alegerea celor trei oraşe
asupra cărora ne-am aplecat – Sibiu, Braşov şi Cluj – nu are altă motivaţie decât aceea că sunt principalele aşezări ale Transilvaniei medievale, fiind şi principalele centre de producere a armelor.în contextul lipsei unei bibliografii mai bogate privitoare la breslele făuritorilor de arme transilvăneni, acest volum se relevă cu atât mai necesar.
erra Ultrasilvana, Transilvania - tara de dincolo de paduri - poate fi considerata una din cele m... more erra Ultrasilvana, Transilvania - tara de dincolo de paduri - poate fi considerata una din cele mai sugestive ilustrari ale conceptului de „peisaj cultural“. Una din componentele esentiale din acest punct de vedere este constituita din asezarile rurale fondate de sasi cu aproximativ opt sute de ani in urma.
Papers by Ioan Marian Tiplic
Plural : History. Culture. Society = Istorie. Cultură. Societate, Dec 29, 2023
Archaeological research in the site of Păuca-Hungarian Church started in 2010, and between 2012-2... more Archaeological research in the site of Păuca-Hungarian Church started in 2010, and between 2012-2023 has uncovered over 116 graves, some being simple cremation graves with a deposit of remains in the urn, others being double graves (with two urns) and one being a mixed double grave (incineration and inhumation). The dating of the five samples from the cemetery would suggest that the beginnings of the Păuca cemetery is contemporary with the late Germanic period (Gepids) and the early Avar period. Admitting that it is more accurate to date closer to the upper limit of the range (7 th century), the cemetery at Păuca could be connected with historical events that occurred between 567 and 630, i.e. the establishment and consolidation of Avar power in the Pannonian-Transylvanian space. The C 14 dating of the cremated bones from the Păuca cemetery (Sibiu county) reopens the discussion on the need for more samples of C 14 data from the cremation cemeteries attributed cemetery to the so-called Mediaș group and simultaneously may represent a turning point in the evaluation of the chronology of the period between 6 th and 8 th centuries A.D.
Ecclesiastical Landscapes in Medieval Europe An archaeological perspective, edited by José C. Sánchez-Pardo, Emmet H. Marron and Maria Crîngaci Țiplic, 2020
The archaeological research of ecclesiastical monuments has been one of the oldest components of ... more The archaeological research of ecclesiastical monuments has been one of the oldest components of medieval archaeology.
While in Central and Western Europe we have a significant volume of data obtained through archaeological research for most
of the ecclesiastical ensembles (Pre-Romanesque, Romanesque and Gothic), the situation is different in Southeastern Europe.
Although some archaeological research on important monuments was carried out in Romania during the communist era, the
archaeological research of ecclesiastical monuments was generally not encouraged. It was only after Romania joined the European
Union and it became possible to access European funding for the restoration of monuments, that the number of archaeological
projects significantly increased. The most representative early medieval ecclesiastical constructions on Romanian territory are
in Transylvania, most of them churches erected between the 12th and 14th century. The increase in archaeological research
projects allowed for the accumulation of a vast amount of information concerning the first ecclesiastical constructions and the
aspects of the funeral ritual revealed by the graveyards surrounding these buildings.
Studia Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series Historica, 2020
Fortified Church in Șaroș pe Târnavă/Sibiu County. Archaeological Researches. I Archaeological re... more Fortified Church in Șaroș pe Târnavă/Sibiu County. Archaeological Researches. I Archaeological research at the Lutheran Church from Şaroş pe Târnavă was carried out as a result of the beginning of a restoration project with European funding and aimed at obtaining preliminary data on the church planimetry and its timeline. The team of archaeologists consisted
Studia Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series Historica, 2018
Fortified Church from Seliştat/ Braşov County. Archaeological researches, I Archaeological resear... more Fortified Church from Seliştat/ Braşov County. Archaeological researches, I Archaeological research at the Evangelical Church in Selistat was carried out as a result of the beginning of a restoration project with European funding and aimed at obtaining preliminary data on the church planimetry and its timeline. Archaeological research was the first archaeological approach of the fortified ecclesiastical ensemble, representing the first stage of archaeological research within the restoration project. The cemetery around the church that has at least two burial horizons was mainly studied: one horizon before the sixteenth century, where the graves are oriented to the west-east and a second, which has started from 16th century, with graves mostly orientated north-south. None of the graves had inventory, which is why a tighter dating is difficult. From a stratigraphic point of view, both funeral horizons follow the moment of church building.
Studia Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series Historica, 2018
Fortified Church in Agnita. Archaeological researches. I The archaeological researches carried ou... more Fortified Church in Agnita. Archaeological researches. I The archaeological researches carried out during March-April 2018 at the ensemble of the Fortified Church in Agnita were carried out as a result of its inclusion in the restoration project financed by European funds "Repairs, preservation and introduction to the tourist circuit at the Agnita fortified church ensemble".
Vibrational Spectroscopy, 2021
Three Transylvanian fragments of some 18th century Saxon tiles obtained from excavations in the C... more Three Transylvanian fragments of some 18th century Saxon tiles obtained from excavations in the Central Railway Station Square in Sibiu (Romania) have been studied by Raman microscopy, FTIR, SEM-EDX and XRF techniques. A lead-rich aluminosilicate was found to have been used as enamel/glaze for the tile fragments. An analysis of the band components of the Raman spectra of the enamel of one fragment in the 400-1200 cm − 1 spectral region indicates that their processing temperature was in the 600-800 °C range, in good agreement with the temperature obtained from FTIR spectra of the other two tile fragments.
ARGESIS, STUDII ȘI COMUNICĂRI, seria ISTORIE, 2020
RADIOCARBON DATING OF CREMATED BONES FROM THE PĂUCA - HUNGARIAN CHURCH (SIBIU COUNTY) SITE, ... more RADIOCARBON DATING OF CREMATED BONES FROM THE PĂUCA - HUNGARIAN CHURCH (SIBIU COUNTY) SITE,
Keywords: Transylvania, Păuca, Necropolis, Cremations, C14
Archaeological research in the site of Păuca - Hungarian Church has started in 2010, and between 2010-2019 has uncovered over 70 graves, some being simple cremation graves with the deposit of remains in the urn, others being double graves (with two urns) and a mixed double grave (incineration and inhumation).
The dating of three samples from the necropolis would suggest that Păuca necropolis is contemporary with the final phase of the Sântana de Mureș culture, with the late Germanic period (Gepids) and the early Avar period. If we admit that it is more accurate to date to the upper limit of the range (7th century), the necropolis at Păuca could be connected with historical events spent in the period 567-630, ie the establishment and consolidation of Avars power in the Pannonian-Transylvanian space.
The C14 dating of the cremated bones from the Păuca necropolis (jud. Sibiu) is intending to launch a debate on the need for more samples of C14 data for the cremation necropolises attributed to the so-called Mediaș group and at the same time may represent a starting point for a re-discussion of the chronology for the period between 6 to 9 Century A.D.
Studii de istorie a orașelor. In honorem Paul Niedermaier, coord. Vasile Ciobanu, Dan Dumitru Iacob, București, Brăila: Editura Academiei Române, Editura Istros a Muzeului Brăilei „Carol I”, 2017, p. 542-593., 2017
During the last two-three decades, the urban archaeology in Transylvania has recorded a visible p... more During the last two-three decades, the urban archaeology in Transylvania has recorded a visible progress. Archaeological investigations have been carried through in cities such as Alba Iulia, Bistrița, Brașov, Baia Mare, Dej, Cluj-Napoca, Lugoj, Orăștie, Oradea, Sebeș, Sfântu Gheorghe, Sibiu, Sighișoara, Timișoara, Târgu Mureș and Turda. In Sibiu, the first preemptive archaeological excavation took place in 1970 and had focused open the house and residence of the town’s former mayor, Altemberger (Sibiu’s old mayor’s office). Afterwards, any archaeological campaign had stopped for more than a decade. It was in 1983 that such endeavors were making a new start once again in respect to the same gothic historical civil monument. In Sibiu, this was a year that is to be seen as the beginning of scientific and salvage archaeological research at an institutional level. Ever since, up until 2016, in Sibiu more than 100 archaeological interventions have taken place. After more than three decades of urban archaeological research and collecting information, we must emphasize the need for centralizing, for developing a chronological repertoire, a mapping of archaeologically investigated objectives, for listing the involved archaeologists, the results and various interpretations, the numerous articles, studies and monographs, as well as their abstracted interpretation. The present paper deals with the following aspects: I. Monasteries, churches and chapels; II. Medieval cemeteries; III. Town fortifications; IV. Public civil buildings (the mayor’s office); V. Houses; VI. Layout of public markets and streets; VII. Cereal storehouses; VIII. Material culture.
Putere si Religie in Transilvania, 2024
The volume, titled *Power and Religion*, includes 26 studies published over the last 25 years, gr... more The volume, titled *Power and Religion*, includes 26 studies published over the last 25 years, grouped into three sections: *Funerary Archaeology*, *Ecclesiastical Archaeology*, and *Varia Archaeologica*.
Archaeological research from Orăștie Dealul Pemilor X2 began in 1992, the site becoming a school ... more Archaeological research from Orăștie Dealul Pemilor X2 began in 1992, the site becoming a school archaeological site of the Department of Ancient and Medieval History of the "Lucian Blaga" University in Sibiu, under the coordination of Dr. Sabin Adrian Luca. A year before, the archaeological research of the Orăștiei citadel had begun under the coordination of Dr. Zeno Karl Pinter (at that time at the Institute of Socio-Human Research in Sibiu), research that continued without interruption until 1999.
During the first investigations in 1992 at the Dealul Pemilor X2 point, 5 graves were discovered, to which 4 more were added in 1993, belonging to the early medieval necropolis. Later, the objectives of the archaeological research of the Neolithic settlement belonging to the Turdaș culture from this point, led to the concentration of the research towards the interior of the terrace, far from the area where the necropolis was located. Thus, starting from 1995, the research of this necropolis was interrupted, the results obtained in the first two research campaigns being published in a study and resumed in the monographic volume dedicated to the archaeological research carried out on Dealul Pemilor, published in 2001. Starting from 1998, the archaeological research concerning the Neolithic settlement was also stopped. After a two-year break, beginning in the summer of 2000, the archaeological research, strictly targeting the early medieval necropolis, was resumed with a collective, in which Dr. Zeno Karl Pinter was a constant presence, adding over the years Dr. Mihai Căstăian, Dr. Aurel Dragotă, Dr. Maria Crîngaci Țiplic. Thus, between the years 2000-2006, archaeological research was carried out which aimed at the comprehensive research of the early medieval necropolis and which led to the discovery of 71 inhumation graves with a rather rich inventory, composed of ornaments, weapons, vessels and objects of harness
/
Cercetarea arheologică în punctul X2 a început în anul 1992, situl devenind șantier arheologic școală al Catedrei de Istorie Antică și Medievală a Universității ”Lucian Blaga” din Sibiu, sub coordonarea dr. Sabin Adrian Luca. Cu un an înainte începuse și cercetarea arheologică a cetății Orăștiei sub coordonarea dr. Zeno Karl Pinter (la acea dată titular la Institutul de Cercetări Socio-Umane din Sibiu), cercetare ce s-a derulat fără întrerupere până în anul 1999.
În cadrul primelor cercetări din anul 1992 în punctul Dealul Pemilor X2 au fost descoperite 5 morminte, cărora li s-au adăugat în anul 1993 alte 4, aparținând necropolei medievale timpurii. Ulterior, obiectivele cercetării arheologice ale așezării neolitice aparținând culturii Turdaș din acest punct, au dus la concentrarea cercetării spre interiorul terasei, departe de zona în care se afla necropola. Astfel că începând cu anul 1995 cercetarea acestei necropole a fost întreruptă, fiind publicate rezultatele obținute în primele doua campanii de cercetare într-un studiu și reluate în volumul monografic dedicat cercetărilor arheologice realizate pe Dealul Pemilor, publicat în anul 2001 . Începând cu anul 1998 au fost oprite și cercetările arheologice ce vizau așezarea neolitică din punctul X2. După o întrerupere de doi ani, începând cu vara anului 2000 cercetările arheologice, vizând strict necropola medievală timpurie, au fost reluate cu un colectiv, în cadrul căruia o prezență constantă a fost cea a dr. Zeno Karl Pinter, adăugându-se de-a lungul anilor dr. Mihai Căstăian, dr. Aurel Dragotă, dr. Maria Crîngaci Țiplic. Astfel, între anii 2000-2006 au fost derulate cercetări arheologice care au vizat cercetarea integrală a necropolei medievale timpurii și care au dus la dezvelirea a 71 de morminte de inhumație cu un inventar destul de bogat, compus din podoabe, arme, vase și obiecte de harnașament.
Istoria spaţiului românesc în perioada secolelor VII-IX este una destul de controversată şi aceas... more Istoria spaţiului românesc în perioada secolelor VII-IX este una destul de controversată şi aceasta datorită faptului că acestui segment temporal îi este atribuită perioada procesului de etnogeneză. Istoriografia română, pornind din secolul al XIX-lea, a transformat discuţia despre etapele de formare a poporului român într-o problemă politică şi legată de problema statu-quo-ului politic al vremii. O radiografiere a temelor studiilor care au făcut referire la această problemă pune în lumină amestecul politicului în derularea cercetărilor legate de etnogeneza românească. Dacă în anii ce au urmat celui de al doilea război mondial a fost căutat cu orice preţ să se demonstreze aportul masiv al populaţiilor slave la procesul de formare a poporului român , în anii de comunism naţionalist, ce au urmat „primăverii de la Praga”, s-a trecut la diminuarea acestui aport slav.
În cadrul discuţiilor legate de tematica aceasta îşi găseşte loc şi analiza necropolelor birituale din spaţiul românesc, necropole atribuite când unor populaţii de slavi când unor comunităţi slavo-romanice, necropole catalogate de K. Horedt ca aparţinând grupului Mediaş . Denumirea acestui grup a fost făcută după descoperirea necropolei birituale din punctul Mediaş - Dealul Furcilor. Foarte interesant este faptul că în Transilvania, după ce se renunţase de mult la ritul incineraţiei şi s-a adoptat cel al înhumării defuncţilor, în secolele VII-VIII, apare o populaţie ce se incinerează şi curios este faptul că în cadrul necropolelor de tip Mediaş, găsim morminte de inhumaţie, bineînţeles într-un număr redus; acestea, s-a spus că aparţineau elementelor locale ce convieţuiau cu noii veniţi, slavii. De remarcat este faptul că în decursul a două secole numărul mormintelor de inhumaţie îl va depăşi pe cel al celor de incineraţie, lucru care s-a întâmplat, fără îndoială, sub puternica influenţă a creştinismului propagat în Transilvania îndeosebi după secolul al IX-lea.
Transilvania constituie un punct de întâlnire între diferite culturi religioase: ortodoxă, catol... more Transilvania constituie un punct de întâlnire între diferite culturi religioase:
ortodoxă, catolică, greco-catolică, calvină, lutherană şi unitariană, fiind un loc de coabitare a unor minorităţi naţionale, în principal români, maghiari şi saşi, fapt ce a oferit o arie de investigaţii ştiinţifice cu particularităţi interesante pentru cercetătorii din
Europa Centrală. Cu toate acestea, istoria Evului Mediu transilvănean în întregul său
a rămas puţin cunoscută datorită barajului lingvistic.
Istoria militară este o parte organică a istoriei şi dezvoltarea politică, socială,
economică şi culturală a afectat întotdeauna sistemele militare şi principiile strategice
de purtare a războiului. Nevoia de securitate a obligat oamenii Evului Mediu la fortificarea locuinţelor sau la amenajarea unei poziţii sigure de retragere. Primele mijloace de apărare au fost: şanţul, valul de pământ, palisada şi abia mai apoi a apărut
incinta de piatră. Studierea tuturor acestor elemente defensive a făcut obiectul preocupărilor a numeroşi cercetători încă din secolul al XIX-lea, dar o mai aprofundată analiză se impune în prezent cu o mare acuitate.
Ridicarea de fortificaţii la începuturile Evului Mediu a fost apreciată în istoriografie
drept un criteriu important pentru evaluarea puterii şi afirmării unei organizaţii
statale. Totodată, înălţarea de fortificaţii a fost văzută ca un indicator al existenţei şi
puterii unei organizaţii statale într-o societate ce se delimitează teritorial-politic.
Demersul nostru încearcă să aducă în discuţie nu atât prezentarea unui număr
de fortificaţii, cât să evidenţieze politica dusă de autoritatea regală în domeniul asigurării graniţelor şi eforturile depuse pentru crearea unei frontiere cât mai impermeabile.
Discuţia pe marginea definirii la nivel terminologic a graniţei – confinium, meta, limes – şi momentul de la care o autoritate politică sau militară conştientizează necesitatea
marcării cu rigurozitate a limitei teritoriului asupra căruia îşi exercită autoritatea nu
au făcut obiectul unor studii prea ample, iar bibliografia pe această temă nu este nici
ea prea bogată.
Cercetarea breslelor transilvănene, ca parte a evoluţiei societăţii medievale, se confruntă cu mă... more Cercetarea breslelor transilvănene, ca parte a evoluţiei societăţii medievale, se confruntă cu măcar două dificultăţi: complexitatea fenomenului şi fragilitatea documentaţiei pe care se reazemă reconstituirea istoriei acestuia. Interesul pentru producţia de arme şi, în special, pentru piesele cu o încărcătură istorică specială s-a manifestat de foarte timpuriu. Interesul pentru arme a atins apogeul în ultima parte a
secolului al XIX-lea datorită, în mare parte, istoriografiei romantice, care a revitalizat şi a repus în circulaţie virtuţile cavalerilor medievali. S-a născut astfel o adevărată modă ca fiecare persoană publică să-şi organizeze o colecţie particulară de arme. Această
situaţie a dus şi la apariţia unor lucrări care tratau istoricul unor piese de colecţie sau al unor colecţii întregi. Deşi implicarea celor ce făureau arme s-a manifestat în domeniile cele mai variate – economic, politic, social şi militar –, apariţia şi dezvoltarea multora dintre breslele transilvănene rămân procese insuficient
cercetate şi clarificate de istoriografia modernă, fie ea de limbă română, germană sau maghiară. Astfel, singura lucrare de sinteză, în limba română, referitoare la breslele transilvănene a fost cea a lui Ştefan Pascu, de la apariţia căreia au trecut mai bine de 50 de ani.
Ca şi trecutul, pe care îl cercetează ca disciplină umanistă, istoria este în permanentă devenire, orice nouă descoperire impune reinterpretarea faptelor, iar aceasta atrage după sine reînnoirea interpretărilor. lucrarea de faţă, pornită iniţial ca o temă de cercetare în perioada studenţiei, nu s-a dorit a fi un capăt de drum, ci doar un eventual instrument de lucru pentru cei care se apleacă asupra studiului istoriei economice a Transilvaniei în perioada secolelor al XIV-lea-al XVI-lea. Alegerea celor trei oraşe
asupra cărora ne-am aplecat – Sibiu, Braşov şi Cluj – nu are altă motivaţie decât aceea că sunt principalele aşezări ale Transilvaniei medievale, fiind şi principalele centre de producere a armelor.în contextul lipsei unei bibliografii mai bogate privitoare la breslele făuritorilor de arme transilvăneni, acest volum se relevă cu atât mai necesar.
erra Ultrasilvana, Transilvania - tara de dincolo de paduri - poate fi considerata una din cele m... more erra Ultrasilvana, Transilvania - tara de dincolo de paduri - poate fi considerata una din cele mai sugestive ilustrari ale conceptului de „peisaj cultural“. Una din componentele esentiale din acest punct de vedere este constituita din asezarile rurale fondate de sasi cu aproximativ opt sute de ani in urma.
Plural : History. Culture. Society = Istorie. Cultură. Societate, Dec 29, 2023
Archaeological research in the site of Păuca-Hungarian Church started in 2010, and between 2012-2... more Archaeological research in the site of Păuca-Hungarian Church started in 2010, and between 2012-2023 has uncovered over 116 graves, some being simple cremation graves with a deposit of remains in the urn, others being double graves (with two urns) and one being a mixed double grave (incineration and inhumation). The dating of the five samples from the cemetery would suggest that the beginnings of the Păuca cemetery is contemporary with the late Germanic period (Gepids) and the early Avar period. Admitting that it is more accurate to date closer to the upper limit of the range (7 th century), the cemetery at Păuca could be connected with historical events that occurred between 567 and 630, i.e. the establishment and consolidation of Avar power in the Pannonian-Transylvanian space. The C 14 dating of the cremated bones from the Păuca cemetery (Sibiu county) reopens the discussion on the need for more samples of C 14 data from the cremation cemeteries attributed cemetery to the so-called Mediaș group and simultaneously may represent a turning point in the evaluation of the chronology of the period between 6 th and 8 th centuries A.D.
Ecclesiastical Landscapes in Medieval Europe An archaeological perspective, edited by José C. Sánchez-Pardo, Emmet H. Marron and Maria Crîngaci Țiplic, 2020
The archaeological research of ecclesiastical monuments has been one of the oldest components of ... more The archaeological research of ecclesiastical monuments has been one of the oldest components of medieval archaeology.
While in Central and Western Europe we have a significant volume of data obtained through archaeological research for most
of the ecclesiastical ensembles (Pre-Romanesque, Romanesque and Gothic), the situation is different in Southeastern Europe.
Although some archaeological research on important monuments was carried out in Romania during the communist era, the
archaeological research of ecclesiastical monuments was generally not encouraged. It was only after Romania joined the European
Union and it became possible to access European funding for the restoration of monuments, that the number of archaeological
projects significantly increased. The most representative early medieval ecclesiastical constructions on Romanian territory are
in Transylvania, most of them churches erected between the 12th and 14th century. The increase in archaeological research
projects allowed for the accumulation of a vast amount of information concerning the first ecclesiastical constructions and the
aspects of the funeral ritual revealed by the graveyards surrounding these buildings.
Studia Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series Historica, 2020
Fortified Church in Șaroș pe Târnavă/Sibiu County. Archaeological Researches. I Archaeological re... more Fortified Church in Șaroș pe Târnavă/Sibiu County. Archaeological Researches. I Archaeological research at the Lutheran Church from Şaroş pe Târnavă was carried out as a result of the beginning of a restoration project with European funding and aimed at obtaining preliminary data on the church planimetry and its timeline. The team of archaeologists consisted
Studia Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series Historica, 2018
Fortified Church from Seliştat/ Braşov County. Archaeological researches, I Archaeological resear... more Fortified Church from Seliştat/ Braşov County. Archaeological researches, I Archaeological research at the Evangelical Church in Selistat was carried out as a result of the beginning of a restoration project with European funding and aimed at obtaining preliminary data on the church planimetry and its timeline. Archaeological research was the first archaeological approach of the fortified ecclesiastical ensemble, representing the first stage of archaeological research within the restoration project. The cemetery around the church that has at least two burial horizons was mainly studied: one horizon before the sixteenth century, where the graves are oriented to the west-east and a second, which has started from 16th century, with graves mostly orientated north-south. None of the graves had inventory, which is why a tighter dating is difficult. From a stratigraphic point of view, both funeral horizons follow the moment of church building.
Studia Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series Historica, 2018
Fortified Church in Agnita. Archaeological researches. I The archaeological researches carried ou... more Fortified Church in Agnita. Archaeological researches. I The archaeological researches carried out during March-April 2018 at the ensemble of the Fortified Church in Agnita were carried out as a result of its inclusion in the restoration project financed by European funds "Repairs, preservation and introduction to the tourist circuit at the Agnita fortified church ensemble".
Vibrational Spectroscopy, 2021
Three Transylvanian fragments of some 18th century Saxon tiles obtained from excavations in the C... more Three Transylvanian fragments of some 18th century Saxon tiles obtained from excavations in the Central Railway Station Square in Sibiu (Romania) have been studied by Raman microscopy, FTIR, SEM-EDX and XRF techniques. A lead-rich aluminosilicate was found to have been used as enamel/glaze for the tile fragments. An analysis of the band components of the Raman spectra of the enamel of one fragment in the 400-1200 cm − 1 spectral region indicates that their processing temperature was in the 600-800 °C range, in good agreement with the temperature obtained from FTIR spectra of the other two tile fragments.
ARGESIS, STUDII ȘI COMUNICĂRI, seria ISTORIE, 2020
RADIOCARBON DATING OF CREMATED BONES FROM THE PĂUCA - HUNGARIAN CHURCH (SIBIU COUNTY) SITE, ... more RADIOCARBON DATING OF CREMATED BONES FROM THE PĂUCA - HUNGARIAN CHURCH (SIBIU COUNTY) SITE,
Keywords: Transylvania, Păuca, Necropolis, Cremations, C14
Archaeological research in the site of Păuca - Hungarian Church has started in 2010, and between 2010-2019 has uncovered over 70 graves, some being simple cremation graves with the deposit of remains in the urn, others being double graves (with two urns) and a mixed double grave (incineration and inhumation).
The dating of three samples from the necropolis would suggest that Păuca necropolis is contemporary with the final phase of the Sântana de Mureș culture, with the late Germanic period (Gepids) and the early Avar period. If we admit that it is more accurate to date to the upper limit of the range (7th century), the necropolis at Păuca could be connected with historical events spent in the period 567-630, ie the establishment and consolidation of Avars power in the Pannonian-Transylvanian space.
The C14 dating of the cremated bones from the Păuca necropolis (jud. Sibiu) is intending to launch a debate on the need for more samples of C14 data for the cremation necropolises attributed to the so-called Mediaș group and at the same time may represent a starting point for a re-discussion of the chronology for the period between 6 to 9 Century A.D.
Studii de istorie a orașelor. In honorem Paul Niedermaier, coord. Vasile Ciobanu, Dan Dumitru Iacob, București, Brăila: Editura Academiei Române, Editura Istros a Muzeului Brăilei „Carol I”, 2017, p. 542-593., 2017
During the last two-three decades, the urban archaeology in Transylvania has recorded a visible p... more During the last two-three decades, the urban archaeology in Transylvania has recorded a visible progress. Archaeological investigations have been carried through in cities such as Alba Iulia, Bistrița, Brașov, Baia Mare, Dej, Cluj-Napoca, Lugoj, Orăștie, Oradea, Sebeș, Sfântu Gheorghe, Sibiu, Sighișoara, Timișoara, Târgu Mureș and Turda. In Sibiu, the first preemptive archaeological excavation took place in 1970 and had focused open the house and residence of the town’s former mayor, Altemberger (Sibiu’s old mayor’s office). Afterwards, any archaeological campaign had stopped for more than a decade. It was in 1983 that such endeavors were making a new start once again in respect to the same gothic historical civil monument. In Sibiu, this was a year that is to be seen as the beginning of scientific and salvage archaeological research at an institutional level. Ever since, up until 2016, in Sibiu more than 100 archaeological interventions have taken place. After more than three decades of urban archaeological research and collecting information, we must emphasize the need for centralizing, for developing a chronological repertoire, a mapping of archaeologically investigated objectives, for listing the involved archaeologists, the results and various interpretations, the numerous articles, studies and monographs, as well as their abstracted interpretation. The present paper deals with the following aspects: I. Monasteries, churches and chapels; II. Medieval cemeteries; III. Town fortifications; IV. Public civil buildings (the mayor’s office); V. Houses; VI. Layout of public markets and streets; VII. Cereal storehouses; VIII. Material culture.
Arhin I. Medieval changing landscape: settlements, monasteries and fortifications, ed. Ioan Marian TIPLIC and Maria CRINGACI TIPLIC, 2016
The territorial expansion of the orders and of the colonization with western guests / of the Saxo... more The territorial expansion of the orders and of the colonization with western guests / of the Saxon and Szekler colonizers and the architectural configurations they adopted and disseminated is very clearly delimited in the 13th century religious landscape of southern Transylvania and in the topography of the Catholic Romanesque churches in the area. These Catholic churches built in a Romanesque style, the cemeteries that surround them, the discovery of some liturgical vessels that are specific to a Catholic population that used such goods are all part of a clear borderline between the Catholic and the non-Catholic areas. They are placed on the southern line of the royal land / fundus regius / of the Seven Seats, delimited to a significant extent by the natural frontier of the Olt River (see the map 1 and 2). The contrast is even more evident if we consider the fact that at the end of the 12th and the beginning of the 13th centuries that fundus regius / Saxon territory became a stable and efficient military and religious frontier, having its center at Sibiu (see the map 1), as well as Bârsa Land from the second half of the 13th century, with its center at Brașov (see the map 2). From the point of view of the ecclesiastic landscape, the densest network of Catholic parish churches dating around 1200 can be found in southern Transylvania, surrounding Sibiu, a colonized area with western guests, where the largest Romanesque basilicas are to be found (Sibiu, Cisnădie, Cristian). Starting from the fourth decade of the 13th century, the monastic activities, as well as the activities of the building sites in the urban centers contributed to the spread and generalization of the stone architecture in the rural areas. Furthermore, this density grow of the network is to be remarked especially around future cities (Brașov, Mediaș, Sebeș). If during the second half of the 12th century and the first half of the 13th century the network of Catholic parish churches is not yet well developed, starting from the second half of the 13th century, especially following the Mongol invasion, this network is enriched and a generalization of the stone architecture in the rural areas is first remarked in the villages nearby the county centers (see the map 2). The dense network of Catholic Romanesque churches in southern Transylvania in the 13th century, as well as the establishment of the two Cistercian monasteries, the two Premonstratensian ones and the distribution of the Dominican monasteries, followed by the Franciscan ones starting from the fifth decade of the 13th century prove once more that southern Transylvania was religiously a well-defined area, part of the eastern limes of Christianitas, one of the most powerful border segments of western Christianity.
The territorial expansion of the orders and of the colonization with western guests / of the Saxo... more The territorial expansion of the orders and of the colonization with western guests / of the Saxon and Szekler colonizers and the architectural configurations they adopted and disseminated is very clearly delimited in the 13th century religious landscape of southern Transylvania and in the topography of the Catholic Romanesque churches in the area. These Catholic churches built in a Romanesque style, the cemeteries that surround them, the discovery of some liturgical vessels that are specific to a Catholic population that used such goods are all part of a clear borderline between the Catholic and the non-Catholic areas. They are placed on the southern line of the royal land / fundus regius / of the Seven Seats, delimited to a significant extent by the natural frontier of the Olt River (see the map 1 and 2). The contrast is even more evident if we consider the fact that at the end of the 12th and the beginning of the 13th centuries that fundus regius / Saxon territory became a stable and efficient military and religious frontier, having its center at Sibiu (see the map 1), as well as Bârsa Land from the second half of the 13th century, with its center at Brașov (see the map 2). From the point of view of the ecclesiastic landscape, the densest network of Catholic parish churches dating around 1200 can be found in southern Transylvania, surrounding Sibiu, a colonized area with western guests, where the largest Romanesque basilicas are to be found (Sibiu, Cisnădie, Cristian). Starting from the fourth decade of the 13th century, the monastic activities, as well as the activities of the building sites in the urban centers contributed to the spread and generalization of the stone architecture in the rural areas. Furthermore, this density grow of the network is to be remarked especially around future cities (Brașov, Mediaș, Sebeș). If during the second half of the 12th century and the first half of the 13th century the network of Catholic parish churches is not yet well developed, starting from the second half of the 13th century, especially following the Mongol invasion, this network is enriched and a generalization of the stone architecture in the rural areas is first remarked in the villages nearby the county centers (see the map 2).
The dense network of Catholic Romanesque churches in southern Transylvania in the 13th century, as well as the establishment of the two Cistercian monasteries, the two Premonstratensian ones and the distribution of the Dominican monasteries, followed by the Franciscan ones starting from the fifth decade of the 13th century prove once more that southern Transylvania was religiously a well-defined area, part of the eastern limes of Christianitas, one of the most powerful border segments of western Christianity.
Apulum Arheologie Istorie Etnografie, 1999
... | Ayuda. Archäologische Forschungen in den Kreisen Sibiu, Alba und Hunedoara. Autores: Cristi... more ... | Ayuda. Archäologische Forschungen in den Kreisen Sibiu, Alba und Hunedoara. Autores: Cristian Roman, Marian Tiplic, Aurel Dragota; Localización: Apulum: Arheologie. Istorie. Etnografie, ISSN 1013-428X, Vol. 36, Nº 1, 1999 , pags. 81-96. ...
Apulum Arheologie Istorie Etnografie, 1999
... | Ayuda. Reference point about Cândea of Râu de Mori family representation in Transylvania&#x... more ... | Ayuda. Reference point about Cândea of Râu de Mori family representation in Transylvania's political life -XIV-XVI century. Autores: Ioan Marian Tiplic; Localización: Apulum: Arheologie. Istorie. Etnografie, ISSN 1013-428X, Vol. 36, Nº 1, 1999 , pags. 273-280. ...
Forschungen zur Volks- und Landeskunde
Forschungen zur Volks- und Landeskunde
The fortification’s study is a very important component of european history and especially for Tr... more The fortification’s study is a very important component of european history and especially for Transylvanian history. In very earlier medieval times the wood and earth fortifications was the most popular kind of defense for a kingdom, land or village. In Transylvania we have a few earth and wood fortifications but we haven’t a very good date, because of that is necessary to improve some results about archaeological results from Dăbâca, Şirioara, Cluj-Mănăştur, Zalău etc.
European Journal of Science and Theology
The article offers a typology of principles underlying social and medical intervention in order t... more The article offers a typology of principles underlying social and medical intervention in order to highlight the message on the one hand to those who receive social assistance/care and on the other hand to those who provide it, under the impact of social change and political, economic and cultural constraints. We identify an ethical structure, which includes principles found on personal and administrative responsibility that are the cornerstone of the relational system to the individual in social or medical interventions, located on any level of the administrative hierarchy, with the assisted/clients, colleagues, management or any other individual involved in this process.
Studia Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series Historica, X, Oct 2, 2013
Historia Urbana, Sep 1, 1998
Historia Urbana, Apr 2, 1997
Studia Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series Historia, X, Oct 1, 2013
Studia Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series Historica, VII, Oct 1, 2010
Studia Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series Historica, 2009, 2009
Relații interetnice în Transilvania. Interferențe istorice, culturale și religioase, 2019
Alexandru Florin Cioltei, Evoluția instituției voievodale în perioada arpadiană în documentele me... more Alexandru Florin Cioltei, Evoluția instituției voievodale în perioada arpadiană în documentele medievale .
Problème du frontière (de limite du territoire), de frontière séparant une communauté d'un autre,... more Problème du frontière (de limite du territoire), de frontière séparant une
communauté d'un autre, d'un pays à l'autre, un espace culturel à un autre, marquant le territoire «étranger», n'était pas présent comme dans ces premières années du 21ème siècle.
Dans le même temps le sujet a été particulièrement traité pour l'époque romaine, étant le Congrès dédié - Congrès du Limes - qui a arriver à la 26e édition, mais non de même façon discuté pour la période médiévale quand le sujet a devenu très importante pour définir de nouveaux royaumes qu'ils nés sur les cendres de l'Empire romain. Avec cette motivation, dans un partenariat de recherche entre l'Université «Lucian Blaga» de Sibiu / Roumanie et d'Université Artois, Arras / France, une
décision a été prise d'organiser une conférence bilatérale, roumain-français, placé sous le générique Teritorii de graniţă(frontieră) în Europa din Antichitate până în secolul al XV-lea / Les espaces frontaliers en Europe de l'Antiquité au XVè siècle.
Cette conférence a eu lieu, aussi, sous l'égide du projet ArhIn: Archéologie,
Architecture et Informatique), financé par UEFISCDI dans le Plan National de la Recherche, Developement et Inovation 2007-2013, Programme Idee, Subprogramme Recherche Exploratoire, CNCS PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0744, nr.193/5.10.2011.
L'un des défis de cette conférence a été de proposer un ensemble de termes avec lesquels opèrent quand on parle de la limite / frontière / territoire de frontière et, aussi, rassemble des spécialistes des extrémités de l'Europe orientale et occidentale, pour discuter la même thématique pour le période entre Antiquité romaine et le Haut Moyen Age. Le sujet était dans une attention constante des chercheurs dans les pays anglo-saxons, je vais mentionner dans ce contexte les volumes publiés en
1992, sous le titre Medieval Frontier Societies1 ou celle dédié a la frontière dans Moyen Age, volume suivants l'organisation en 2003 du 3e Congrès Européen d'Etudes Médiévales2. Au cours des 20e dernières années, le sujet a été largement discuté et coordonné, en principal, par Nora Berend et David Abulafia3, qui ont consacré pour le compréhension de la frontière au Moyen Age un certain nombre d'articles et de conférences.
Volume Les espaces frontaliers en Europe de l'Antiquité au XVè siècle
rassemble des études sur l'époque romaine et médiévale pour l'espace européen et, aussi, des espaces adjacents de l'Europe, dans une tentative de fournir une image thrans-temporelle et relié à une zone géographique plus vaste. Ce volume rassemble les travaux du Colloque international organisée par l'Université d'Artois en collaboration avec l'Université ”Lucian Blaga” de Sibiu/Roumanie á Arras en 15-17 octobre 2014.
La série de 10 études est ouverte d'une analyse théorique d”'organisation du territoire et de genèse du frontière, réalisé par François Moule, qui commence par une définition de la frontière comme un espace qui sépare le connu d'inconnue, la civilisation de barbarie et non est pas seulement une simple ligne dans l'espace ou sur terre.
L'étude suivante est consacrée à l'analyse de l'existence ou non d'une frontières religieuses de l'Empire romain, dirigé par Marie-Odile CHARLES-LAFORGE (Réflexions sur la notion de frontière: Existe-t-il une frontière religieuse dans L’empire Romain?) qui conclut que sous l'effet de la "romanisation" la frontière religieuse est devenue identique avec la frontière du Romanitas.
Ana Heredero FRANCISCO (Le Limes et les nomades: le cas de la Cyrénaïque) analyse la frontière du point de vue de la ligne de démarcation entre la civilisation et la barbarie, en utilisant comme une étude de cas du territoire de la Cyrénaïque.
La quatrième étude (La defense du Hauran a l’epoque romaine tardive: fortins et camps face au desert) nous introduit à la compréhension de la frontière d'une perspective militaire et est réalisé par Annie SARTRE-FAURIAT.
Chronologiquement et géographiquement, le suivant étude, d'Emmanuelle GOUSSE (Les frontières ciliciennes : délimitations et incertitudes), il est dédié a la période et territoire d'extrémités de l'Empire romaine. Sujet traité par Silviu I.PURECE, dont l'étude présente une potentielle centre du pouvoir à l'extrémité d'est du territoire européen de l'Empire romain à travers des découvertes monétaires provenant de la forteresse Buridava.
Cristina PARASCHIV TALMATCHI par l'étude An changing image. The
medieval landscape at Lower Danube. Case study: Hârşova aller vers la période médiévale en présentant des recherches sur un village de la frontière entre l'eau (Danube) et terre (Dobrogea) et également à proximité d'une ancienne fortification de la frontière - le camp de Carsium / Hârsova.
L'étude suivante est dédiée à la frontière d'un territoire (Ioan Marian ŢIPLIC: Transylvania – Territory at the eastern Border of Catholicism) dont la caractéristique la plus visible dans la période médiévale est d'être un territoire à la frontière entre l'espace catholique et orthodoxe, à la frontière de deux mondes -l'Occident et Orient.
Ioan ALBU fait une analyse du rôle de la Transylvanie dans l'organisation des territoires des frontières comme ils étaient les marques Moldavie et la Valachie (Le système frontalier médiéval hongrois et la formation des principautés roumaines aux XIIIe et XIVe siècles) territoires intégré dans les système de la frontière médiévale du royaume de Hongrie.
Le dernière 'étude du volume, réalisé par Stephane COURVEILLER (Le
Calaisis anglais de 1347 à 1558: un territoire d’exception) analyse l'ensemble du territoire de la frontière - le territoire de Calais - et son évolution dans les XIVe et XVe siècles.
The interest in the built-up heritage, especially in the one from the medieval period, moved into... more The interest in the built-up heritage, especially in the one from the medieval period, moved into a new phase of a growth interest generated by the possibility of accessing European funds for restoration and also for an improvement from a touristic point of view. This interest has led to the return of architects, art historians or tourism associations towards the most popular, the oldest or the most important ecclesiastical buildings in the Transylvanian space. The phenomenon led to bringing to light of some forgotten monuments such as the famous Cathedral II in Alba Iulia, discovered and investigated by Radu R. Heitel, the rotundas from Orăştie or Sibiu or the reaffirmation of some monuments such as the Biserica din Deal in Sighişoara.
Grafted on this general murmur the interdisciplinary research group from the Department of History, Patrimony and Protestant Theology of Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu gathered under the name Arhln (Archaeology, Architecture and Informatics) has also manifested its interest, funded through the CNCS PN -II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0744 (South Transylvanian Medieval Monuments: Past, Present, Future. Between Archaeology, History and 3D Modelling) program. The project aims to develop a web portal that provides information for the general public and also for specialists, information regarding the history, the patrimony, stages of development and historical images of Romanesque monuments from southern Transylvania. Southern Transylvanian ecclesiastical heritage includes over 500 medieval and pre-m odern monuments, which represents a dowry that today’s society must rediscover and revalue for a better hand over to the future generations.
ArhIn2016 volume ˗ Medieval changing landscape: settlements, monasteries and fortifications includes the works presented in the scientific sessions ArhIn2015 or ArhIn2016. The sessions’series is opened by the presentation of some funeral particularities dated in the 10th-11th centuries, discovered in one of the most interesting and important inhumation cemeteries in Alba Iulia (Egg offering in the cemetery from Izvorul Împăratului, Alba Iulia). The funeral horizon of the early medieval age of Alba Iulia illustrates the diversity of funeral rituals which are characteristic to the entire Transylvanian area around the year 1000.
A similar approach to the one of A. Dragotă belongs to Silviu Oţa who achieves a synthetic study regarding a certain object with multiple meanings which is presented in the funeral inventories of the classic Middle Ages: belts as an apparel object or a rank insignia (Burials with belts. Rank insignia or dress accesories).
Two studies are dedicated to the analysis of some territories (The landscape change at Lower Danube in the Middle Ages. The Varna example (late 9th - beginning of 12th centuries); Life on the bank of Danube in Early Middle Ages: archaeological evidence from Oltina) located in the Lower Danube region. The first study values older archaeological data recorded in the notes of the site which are in custody of History Museum in Varna. The second one approaches about the same theme which is from a recent archaeological perspective in an early age medieval settlement in Dobrogea.
A third segment of studies is dedicated to archaeological researches and to the analyses of materials concerning the ecclesiastical monuments from Transylvania and Banat. An interesting approach is presented in the study Medieval Churches and cemeteries in Transylvania in the Light of Coin Discoveries (second half of the 11th century ˗ 12th century), which charters the monetary discoveries from the inhumation graves in the Transylvanian area. A combination between archaeological research and spatial analysis through 3D modeling is illustrated in Archaeological Recoveries Study. The medieval Church from Vărădia de Mures. Daniela Marcu Istrate presents the results of archaeological research in one of the most interesting and important ecclesiastical medieval building in Braşov (The Archaeology of the Medieval Churches in Braşov: St Martin’s Church).
The following five studies are dedicated to some aspects concerning ecclesiastical history in the Transylvanian space (The Southern Transylvania in the 13th century, a Border between Catholic Space and Non-Catholic Space), of ecclesiastical institutions (The administrative subordination of the provostship in Sibiu) to the history of some monastic orders (The Order of St Paul the Hermit in the Hungarian Kingdom: the order’s remains in Păuca), or regarding the archaeological records of monastic patronage (Archaeological Evidences of Monastic Patronage: several case studies). A particularly interesting study is related to the analyze of some historical data regarding the use of Latin language as the official worship language in the monasteries of Mount Athos (When the Byzantine Mount Athos also prayed in Latin: The amazing story of the foundation of the Benedict Monastery).
The last three studies of the volume integrates the acquired data from comparative analysis of historical maps and the current cadastral maps (Water Mills as stable indicator for the territorial Morphology or Analysis of ecclesiastical-related place names in Sibiu Region using GIS applications) as well as the evolution in the online environment of interested specialists in the built-up medieval patrimony (The relation of the Romanian Archaeologist / Historian with Social Media).
The importance of interethnic relations topic in different periods of the Central European area h... more The importance of interethnic relations topic in different periods of the Central European area history is not a recent interest in historiography, but maybe in the last 15 years, this topic has become extremely debated in the context of regional conflicts that took on ethnic form. Because of these conflict
s the interest in terms of ethnic composition in the Balkan territories increased significantly, which is visible in
publications that are out of print in recent years.
However meetings between specialists, which is specifically dedicated to analysis of particular issues arising from intense commercial and cultural exchanges in Central and Southeast Europe have been and are still very few.
Medieval weapons is an important topic of study, spectacular because of its diversity and symbolism, being one of the most important markers of the Middle Ages, things that fully justifies the organization of an international symposium.
Based on these considerations, the present volume aims to provide a possible way to integrate the results of archeology, history and art history in the wider medieval historiography of Central and South-East European dedicated to military issues.
This volume bring together almost all papers presented at International Symposium Militaria Mediaevalia in Central and South Eastern Europe, October 14-17, Sibiu, which is the 3rd symposium organized under the topic Ethnic Relations
by the Department of Ancient and Medieval History with funding from the Department for Interethnic Relations of the General Secretariat of the Romanian Government.
Responsabilitatea ştiinţifică a conţinutului textelor revine autorilor. ISBN Volum finanţat de De... more Responsabilitatea ştiinţifică a conţinutului textelor revine autorilor. ISBN Volum finanţat de Departamentul pentru Relaţii Interetnice din cadrul Guvernului României SE DISTRIBUIE GRATUIT CUPRINS CUVÂNT ÎNAINTE ………………………………………………………………………… 5 Coriolan Horaţiu OPREAN, Childeric şi Omanahar. Doi regi barbari federaţi ai Imperiului Roman târziu ……………………………………………………………………. 7 Sabin Adrian LUCA, Zeno Karl PINTER, Ioan Marian ŢIPLIC, Adrian GEORGESCU, Dragoş DIACONESCU, Descoperiri gepide la Miercurea Sibiului-Petriş (jud. Sibiu) ……………………………………………………………………………. 17 Sorin NEMETI, Gepizii şi "Potaissa" (sec. VI d. Hr.) …………………………………….. 31 Gabriel T. RUSTOIU, Habitatul în Transilvania în a doua jumătate a secolului al V-lea şi prima jumătate a secolului al VI-lea …………………………………………… 39 Dan BĂCUEŢ-CRIŞAN, Depresiunea Silvaniei în sec. VII-IX …………………………… 85 Alexandru MADGEARU, Români şi pecenegi în sudul Transilvaniei …………………… 111 Tudor SĂLĂGEAN, "Dextram dantes". Note asupra specificului raporturilor dintre cuceritorii maghiari şi populaţia locală din nordul Transilvaniei în secolele X-XIV ……………………………………………………………… 121 Ioan Marian ŢIPLIC, Necropolele medievale timpurii din Transilvania (sfârşitul sec. IXprima jumătate a sec. XII) …………………………………………………….. 133 Aurel DRAGOTĂ, Aspecte funerare la Alba Iulia în secolele X-XI ……………………… 157 Silviu OŢA, Necropolele din orizontul sud-dunărean-2 de pe teritoriul Banatului (sfârşitul sec. al XI-lea -sec. al XIII-lea) ……………………………………………….. 171 Adrian IONIŢĂ, Morminte cu gropi antropomorfe din Transilvania şi relaţia lor cu primul val de colonizare germană …………………………………………………….. 217 Daniela MARCU-ISTRATE, Angel ISTRATE, Morminte cu nişă cefalică descoperite la Alba Iulia (sec. XII-XIII). Contribuţii privind istoria oaspeţilor occidentali în Transilvania …………………………………………………………………… 229 Maria Emilia CRÎNGACI ŢIPLIC, Elemente de cultură materială a saşilor transilvăneni (sec. XII-XIII). I. Obiecte liturgice ……………………………………………. 245 Abrevieri bibliografice ……………………………………………………………………. 265 Conf. univ. dr. Zeno-Karl PINTER Subsecretar de stat GUVERNUL ROMÂNIEI DEPARTAMENTUL PENTRU RELAŢII INTERETNICE 6 CHILDERIC ŞI OMAHAR. DOI REGI BARBARI FEDERAŢI AI IMPERIULUI ROMAN TÂRZIU Coriolan Horaţiu OPREANU CHILDERIC AND OMAHAR. TWO BARBARIAN KINGS FEDERATES OF THE LATER ROMAN EMPIRE Abstract In this article is discussed the historical importance of the 5 th century AD, as a turning moment between the Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages in Europe. At the same time, the study of the barbarian elite represents a fascinating and an important historical source to the social and political history. The 5 th century is a moment of cultural connections across Europe. The author talks about the cultural contacts between Western Europe and Central and Eastern Europe. The best-known royal tomb archaeologically identified in the West is the famous tomb of Childeric, king of the Franks, who died in AD 481, or 482. The inventory of the grave demonstrated the existence of a diplomatic agreement between Childeric and the Roman Emperor at Constantinople. Childeric was dressed as a Frankish king, but as a Roman general, as well. It is a characteristic of the late 4 th -5 th centuries AD, when barbarians were accepted in great number in the Roman army, many of them becoming important leaders in the Roman army. 2000 km further, to the east, at Apahida in Transylvania, a similar, but a richer grave was found in the 19 th century. Its' inventory, compared to Childeric's, made historians considering it as a royal tomb. The golden crossbow brooch ( , the golden seal-ring, the golden "name"-ring ( and a third golden ring having four enameled Christian crosses, all obviously worked in the imperial workshops at Constantinople, make the author talk of a diplomatic agreement with the emperor at Constantinople. The golden crossbow brooch at Tournai ( ) and that at Apahida ( /2) belong to the same typological category (Keller 6, or Tóth B7b) ( . Their production started around the middle of the 5 th century. That means the tomb at Apahida was contemporary to that of Childeric.
BIBLIOTHECA SEPTEMCASTRENSIS XXIV, 2009
lor ardeleni = Die Sachsen und ihre Nachbarn in Siebenbürgen : Studia in Honorem Dr. Thomas Nägle... more lor ardeleni = Die Sachsen und ihre Nachbarn in Siebenbürgen : Studia in Honorem Dr. Thomas Nägler / ed.: Ioan Marin Ţiplic, Konrad Gündish. -Alba-Iulia : Altip, 2009 Bibliogr. ISBN 978-973-117-213-2 I. Ţiplic, Ioan Marian (ed.) II. Gündisch, Konrad (ed.) 94(=112.2 Saşi)(498.4) Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek: Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar.
Session: #733 Theme & Session Format Theme: The archaeology of material culture, bodies and land... more Session: #733
Theme & Session Format
Theme: The archaeology of material culture, bodies and landscapes
Session format: Session, made up of a combination of papers, max. 15 minutes each
Title & Content
Content:
Our intention is to present an overview of institutional formation of Christian Church’s building programme, starting with the 8th and ending with the 13th century. This chronological period represents the main period of the missionary activities carried out under the auspices of German, Byzantine, Bulgarian and/or Early Slavic Christianity in Central and South East Europe. However, at the beginning of the 13th century, the Byzantine influence is stopped as a result of the Fourth Crusade.
On the other hand, medieval architecture in Croatia is rather firmly divided into two major areas: Mediterranean part of Croatia (Dalmatia) is firmly incorporated in the Mediterranean architectural development, however, in Continental Croatia the chronology of ecclesiastical architecture before the 13th century is based on only two documented examples, and the beginning of “proper” medieval architecture is generally dated in the 13th century. This chronological canon is actually more a compromise than the result of methodical excavations or thorough reinterpretations of existing written sources.
The session aims to bring together the specialists from Central and South-East Europe to debate the topic from the following points of view but not limited to:
- the influence of Byzantine Christianity or/and Western Christianity over the first churches built in the territories along the Middle and Lower Danube;
- the spread of Christianity in these territories;
- when and why has cremation been altered with inhumation? Is there a valid link with the spreading of Christianity?
Keywords:
Archaeology, Churches, Romanesque, Byzantium
Session associated with MERC:
yes
Session associated with CIfA:
no
Session associated with SAfA:
no
Organisers
Main organiser:
Professor Ioan Marian TIPLIC (Romania) 1
Co-organisers:
Dr. Maria Țiplic (Romania) 2
Dr. Jose Carlos Sanchez-Pardo (Spain) 3
Affiliations:
1. ”Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu
2. Institute for Social Sciences and Humanities Sibiu
3. University of Santiago de Compostela
Cercetarea arheologică și istorică a monumentelor ecleziastice medievale din Transilvania a produ... more Cercetarea arheologică și istorică a monumentelor ecleziastice medievale din Transilvania a produs un volum uriaș de informații, cu precădere de natură a contribui mai ales la creionarea evoluției planimetrice a acestora. Integrarea unor tehnici și unelte specifice informaticii și topografiei mai ales în vederea obținerii unor informații suplimentare și/sau prelucrării datelor deja existente reprezintă o abordare relativ nouă în cercetarea românească. Prin prezentările din cadrul acestei secțiuni avem în vederea realizarea unei radiografii a stadiului cercetărilor referitoare la tematica menționată precum și de a evidenția noile tendințe ale cercetării arheologice-istorice în ceea ce privește monumentul medieval.
The Committee welcomes papers on any related topic. Suggested topics may include: • Archeology of... more The Committee welcomes papers on any related topic. Suggested topics may include:
• Archeology of Medieval Churches and Monasteries
• Archaeology of Early Medieval Settlements
• Archeology of Medieval Fortifications
• Landscape Archaeology and 3d modeling
Authors of accepted papers will be invited to present their work at the Conference ArhIn2016: MEDIEVAL CHANGING LANDESCAPE: SETTLEMENTS, MONASTERIES AND FORTIFICATIONS. In addition, the papers will be published in the conference volume.
The organizers will cover the costs of the accommodation for all participants who presents paper at the Conference.
Cine vrea să studieze istoria acestui măreţ fapt care e civilizaţia europeană nu procedează nici ... more Cine vrea să studieze istoria acestui măreţ fapt care e civilizaţia europeană nu procedează nici arbitrar, nici pur formal dacă ia Franţa drept ax al cercetării (F. Guizot). Pornind de la această afirmaţie şi încercând o parafrazare a ei, demersul nostru doreşte să aducă în prim plan, să ia drept „ax al cercetării” ideea şi idealul ce a marcat perioada migraţiilor şi a evului mediu timpuriu pe întregul continent, şi anume acea renovatio imperii romanorum. În acest sens, am urmărit ca mod de abordare şi am preluat modelul oferit de monumentala monografie a Evului Mediu întocmită de profesorul Harald Zimmermann, căruia ţinem să-i aducem cu acest prilej mulţumiri pentru numeroasele şi constructivele discuţii purtate pe această temă la Sibiu şi Tübingen. În egală măsură se cuvine să ne îndreptăm cu gratitudine gândurile spre mentorii noştri, profesori ai universităţii sibiene, ce ne-au deschis drumul abordării acestei problematici şi ne-au fost model şi ideal: Anamaria Haldner şi dr. Thomas Nägler.
Europa se construieşte. Iată o mare speranţă, care se va înfăptui numai dacă se va ţine seama de istorie: o Europă fără istorie ar fi orfană şi nenorocită – spunea Jacques Le Goff în Cuvântul înainte al cărţii lui Peter Brown, Întemeierea creştinismului occidental – şi cât adevăr conţin aceste cuvinte! Continuând ideea sa considerăm că durabilitatea unei Europe unite nu poate rezida decât într-o foarte bună cunoaştere a istorie sale şi a regiunilor care au avut un rol determinant în schimbările geopolitice petrecute pe bătrânul continent, iar una dintre aceste regiuni este şi Orientul Apropiat. Parafrazându-l în continuare pe Jacques Le Goff, putem spune că volumul de faţă doreşte să contribuie, mai ales din punct de vedere didactic, cu răspunsuri la întrebări cum ar fi ”Cine suntem? De unde venim? Încotro ne îndreptăm?” ca „naţiune unică” a continentului european.
Istoria Europei Occidentale din Evul Mediu timpuriu a stat, în ultimele decenii, la baza unor studii de o calitate deosebită, care nu fac altceva decât să sublinieze că expresia de Evul Întunecat este pe nedrept atribuită perioadei cuprinsă între căderea Imperiului Roman de Apus şi constituirea marilor regate creştine ale Europei. Pe de altă parte Jacques Le Goff atrage atenţia să nu stăruim în jocul derizoriu al unei legende strălucitoare despre Evul Mediu pe care s-o substituim legendei întunecate din secolele trecute. Nu aceasta înseamnă un alt Ev Mediu – acesta ar trebui să fie elaborat pornind de la sursele literare, arheologice, artistice, juridice… Această adevărată profesiune de credinţă ar trebui însuşită de toţi cei care doresc să aprofundeze studiul perioadei medievale.
Pornind de la necesitatea cunoaşterii informaţiei primare, înainte de orice posibilă interpretare, am dorit prin această lucrare să aducem la cunoştinţa unui public format în special din studenţii facultăţilor de istorie, un crâmpei din mozaicul încărcat de legendar şi miraculos al evului mediu timpuriu. Din acest motiv a fost aleasă o modalitate „tradiţională”, didactică, de prezentare a problematicilor, nelăsând la o parte şi anumite tematici care se înscriu în linia modernă de reactualizare a istoriei perioadelor trecute. Considerăm însă că volumul de faţă se poate în egală măsură adresa unui public mai larg şi tot mai interesat de trecutul în care stau adânc înfipte rădăcinile unor probleme majore, ce marchează cu gravitate, chiar în zilele noastre tensiunile mentale, social-politice şi militare apărute într-o lume aflată în pragul globalizării, datorită polarizărilor născute în adâncul Evului Mediu, între Europa şi Orientul Apropiat.