José Amarilio Barbosa | Universidade do Minho (original) (raw)

Papers by José Amarilio Barbosa

Sustainable Cities and Society, 2019

Highlights  Sustainability is one of the primary concern the modern building industry, especiall... more Highlights  Sustainability is one of the primary concern the modern building industry, especially the existing buildings, to overcome its environmental impacts.  Each rating system has its assessment attributes, evaluation models, and ranking scale.  The key aspect of developing a global or generic rating tool is identifying the sustainability assessment attributes that have the significant effect on the sustainability of existing buildings.  Introducing multilevel weight-based assessment model helps in reflecting the local variations in the sustainability appraisal process.  Integration of BIM and energy simulation modeling are utilized in the proposed sustainability assessment framework.  Explicit calculation procedures and easiness of use are crucial aspects in the overall sustainability appraisal process.

EDUFES eBooks, Oct 1, 2016

Atualmente, os habitantes de centros urbanos representam mais de 50% da população mundial e este ... more Atualmente, os habitantes de centros urbanos representam mais de 50% da população mundial e este valor tende a aumentar em quase metade nos próximos 40 anos. As cidades contemporâneas têm evoluído não apenas em função do desenvolvimento económico mas também em função da organização espacial dos locais onde se inserem, sendo as principais responsáveis pelo consumo de recursos naturais e terrenos, e contribuintes de cerca de 70% das emissões globais de poluentes (BRAGANÇA, 2013).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

As cidades sofrem constantes alterações nos âmbitos físico, social e económico, pautadas pelas ne... more As cidades sofrem constantes alterações nos âmbitos físico, social e económico, pautadas pelas necessidades da sociedade que delas usufruem. Na atualidade, os ritmos de modificações impostos são cada vez mais frenéticos dadas as crescentes taxas de aumento populacional. O crescimento das populações urbanas leva a expansões das existentes malhas urbanas e transformações das áreas rurais, conduzindo a uma sucessão de alterações, algumas irreversíveis, ao meio ambiente natural (BARBOSA et al., 2013). Além do impacte ambiental associado, de acordo com Barbosa et al. (2014a, 2014b), as constantes transformações do ambiente urbano levam a desequilíbrios profundos na qualidade de vida dos seus habitantes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The construction sector is responsible for enormous environmental impacts. Those are mainly due t... more The construction sector is responsible for enormous environmental impacts. Those are mainly due to the use of materials, energy and land. The impact of a single building is normally directly dependent on the size of the building or in the area of land it occupies. In this article, it is argued that strategies to improve building performance by reducing building size must take into account occupancy patterns of each type of building compartment in order to correctly assess compartment area needs. Nevertheless, occupancy patterns typically found in the literature do not provide enough detail to allow a deep analysis of the use of each type of building compartment. The objective of this study is to propose methods to produce detailed occupancy patterns that allows the assessment of building performance. For this, a questionnaire was developed and tested in the development of preliminary detailed occupancy patterns for Portuguese residential buildings.

Sustainability assessment has been promoted by several institutions and organizations in order to... more Sustainability assessment has been promoted by several institutions and organizations in order to encourage sustainable practices in the building sector. The scope of the first assessment tools was on buildings and building solutions. Research within this field of knowledge is already well established. But very recently, there has been a progressive development of tools aiming at broader scales such as neighborhoods, urban districts and larger urban areas. These assessment tools borrowed strategies that were used in their predecessors (aiming at the building scale) that bring some problems when assessing sustainability in urban areas. In this article, several sustainability assessment tools for urban areas were analyzed in several criteria. The analysis showed that all existing assessment tools share some issues regardless of having different approaches. It is argued that sustainability assessment tools need to evolve in the sense of becoming more similar regarding their assessment framework and scoring methods.

The relevance of the building sector in the global energy use as well as in the global carbon emi... more The relevance of the building sector in the global energy use as well as in the global carbon emissions makes the improvement of the overall ener gy performance of existing buildings an important part of the actions to mitigate climate c hanges. Regardless of this potential, large scale building renovation has been found hard to tr igge , with present standards mainly focused on new buildings, not responding effectivel y to the technical, functional and economic constraints of the existing ones. One of t he common problems in the assessment of building renovation scenarios is that only energy s avings and costs are normally considered, despite the fact that the investment on energy effi ci ncy yield several benefits beyond the value of saved energy (the so-called co-benefits). To demonstrate and highlight the relevance of co-be nefits achieved in the renovation process, a Portuguese neighbourhood with nearly 17.000 inhab itants that has been recently renovated is analysed in search ...

International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development, 2014

The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with p... more The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden.

O mundo de hoje enfrenta vários problemas de foro social, ambiental e económico. Esses problemas ... more O mundo de hoje enfrenta vários problemas de foro social, ambiental e económico. Esses problemas são resultado da conjugação de vários fatores tais como o forte aumento da população mundial, o uso abusivo dos recursos naturais existentes e a poluição da atmosfera, solo e água. Um dos grandes responsáveis por estes problemas é o setor da construção, pelo que têm sido desenvolvidos alguns instrumentos para avaliar a sustentabilidade e tentar reduzir os impactes do sector. Esses instrumentos de avaliação possuem várias escalas de aplicação que vão desde a avaliação da sustentabilidade de um edifício até áreas urbanas e cidades. Neste artigo é apresentada a metodologia SBTool Urban, desenvolvida e promovida pela Associação iiSBE Portugal. Para o efeito, o SBTool Urban tem sido aplicado a diversos casos de estudo, de modo a se obter o conhecimento detalhado sobre a sua aplicação em casos práticos. Dentre os diversos casos de estudo realizados, apresenta-se o caso de estudo de uma pequena...

Applied Energy, 2016

h i g h l i g h t s A new cost-benefit method was developed to compare building solutions. The me... more h i g h l i g h t s A new cost-benefit method was developed to compare building solutions. The method considers energy performance, life cycle costs and investment willingness. The graphical analysis helps stakeholders to easily compare building solutions. The method was applied to a case study showing consistency and feasibility.

Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2015

Architectural design is often associated with aesthetics and style, but it is also very important... more Architectural design is often associated with aesthetics and style, but it is also very important to building performance and sustainability. There are some studies associating architectural design to the choice for materials from sustainable sources, to indoor air quality, to energy efficiency and productivity. This article takes a step further to analyse how the use of efficient interior design techniques can impact the habitable space in order to improve building sustainability in land use. Smart interior design, a current trend related to the use of efficient and flexible furniture and movable walls in tiny or compact apartments, is analysed. A building with a standard design is used as a case study reference building and compared to a proposed theoretical design alternative using smart interior design techniques. In order to correctly assess sustainability performance, a quantifiable and verified method is used. Results showed that the use of smart interior design techniques can greatly reduce buildings' impact on the environment.

Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 2014

In this article, the sustainability assessment of land use efficiency of buildings is subject to ... more In this article, the sustainability assessment of land use efficiency of buildings is subject to a critical study. Several building sustainability assessment tools were analysed to find that the impacts of this criterion are not correctly assessed in current methodologies and some even ignore its importance. Some existing assessment methods and correspondent indexes were used in four virtual buildings to evaluate the effectiveness of each calculation method. It was concluded that the existing methods do not allow correct assessments and can promote unsustainable practices. It was also proved that it is necessary to include the implantation index, spatial efficiency and occupational efficiency for correct assessments, complementary to the use of the gross floor area index or development density. Due to difficulties in the weighting of the four complementary indexes, a single index was developed to perform the calculations using five main variables. The new index was tested in seven virtual buildings for internal validation and to two real buildings, providing good assessment results regarding the expected performance of buildings and proving to be better than other indexes that are currently used in BSA Tools to assess land use efficiency. Considerations are also made for the development of regional benchmarks for the new index and the possibility to use it in regulations at a municipal and national scale to promote land use efficiency.

Nowadays cities are facing several environmental problems due to the population migration to urba... more Nowadays cities are facing several environmental problems due to the population migration to urban areas, which is causing urban sprawl. This way, it is very important to define solutions to improve Land Use Efficiency (LUE). This article proposes the use of community buildings features as a solution to increase land use efficiency. Community buildings consider the design of shared building spaces to reduce the floor area of buildings. This work tests the performance of some case study buildings regarding LUE to analyse its possible pros and cons. A quantifiable method is used to assess buildings' LUE, which considers the number of occupants, the gross floor area, the functional area, the implantation area and the allotment area. Buildings with higher values for this index have reduced environmental impacts because they use less construction materials, produce less construction and demolition wastes and require less energy for building operation. The results showed that the use of community building features can increase Land Use Efficiency of buildings.

The importance of implementing sustainable practices in buildings is duly proved and understood b... more The importance of implementing sustainable practices in buildings is duly proved and understood by the majority of the population. However, its implementation is not yet a reality. Some studies have been performed with the goal of understand this lack of use of sustainable solutions, among building sector stakeholders. The conclusion is that one of the main factors contributing to this is related with economic constraints. Several studies have proven that many sustainable practices correspond to minor costs than traditional practices in a life cycle perspective. However, the building sector stakeholders are not aware of this and do not implement sustainable practices commonly. In this paper a cost benefit methodology willing to cross this barrier and promote the sustainable practices implementation is presented.

ABSTRACT This paper analyses the current trends in sustainability implementation. An analysis of ... more ABSTRACT This paper analyses the current trends in sustainability implementation. An analysis of the most important sustainability assessment tools indicates that after about 15 years from their launch the recent tendency in sustainability assessment tools development aims at the sustainability assessment of urban areas. Independently of the development of these new tools, a significant number of cities in Europe and around the world are implementing sustainability measures. Although these cities are not being subjected to sustainability assessments, it is noticed that successful sustainability measures that are being applied in these cities have common principles to those assessed in the sustainability assessment tools. This way, as the paradigm of the sustainability assessment tools is changing from the building scale to the urban and the city scale, this new generation of sustainability assessment tools can be used to guide and to help cities and urban areas towards sustainability.

14 The building sector is responsible for consuming approximately 40% of the final energy 15 in E... more 14 The building sector is responsible for consuming approximately 40% of the final energy 15 in Europe. However, more than 50% of this consumption can be reduced through energy-16 efficient measures. Our society is facing not only a severe and unprecedented 17 environmental crisis but also an economic crisis of similar magnitude. In light of this, EU 18 has developed legislation promoting the use of the Cost-Optimal (CO) method in order 19 to improve building energy efficiency, in which selection criteria is based on life cycle 20 costs. Nevertheless, studies show that the implementation of energy-efficient solutions is 21 far from ideal. Therefore, it is very important to analyse the reasons for this gap between 22 theory and implementation as well as improve selection methods. This study aims to 23 develop a methodology based on a cost-effectiveness analysis, which can be seen as an 24 improvement to the CO method as it considers the investment willingness of stakeholders 25 in the selection process of energy-efficient solutions. The method uses a simple graphical 26 display in which the stakeholders' investment willingness is identified as the slope of a 27 reference line, allowing easy selection between building solutions. This method will lead 28 to the selection of more desired – from stakeholders' point of view – and more energy-29 efficient solutions than those selected through the CO method. 30

Sustainable Cities and Society, 2019

Highlights  Sustainability is one of the primary concern the modern building industry, especiall... more Highlights  Sustainability is one of the primary concern the modern building industry, especially the existing buildings, to overcome its environmental impacts.  Each rating system has its assessment attributes, evaluation models, and ranking scale.  The key aspect of developing a global or generic rating tool is identifying the sustainability assessment attributes that have the significant effect on the sustainability of existing buildings.  Introducing multilevel weight-based assessment model helps in reflecting the local variations in the sustainability appraisal process.  Integration of BIM and energy simulation modeling are utilized in the proposed sustainability assessment framework.  Explicit calculation procedures and easiness of use are crucial aspects in the overall sustainability appraisal process.

EDUFES eBooks, Oct 1, 2016

Atualmente, os habitantes de centros urbanos representam mais de 50% da população mundial e este ... more Atualmente, os habitantes de centros urbanos representam mais de 50% da população mundial e este valor tende a aumentar em quase metade nos próximos 40 anos. As cidades contemporâneas têm evoluído não apenas em função do desenvolvimento económico mas também em função da organização espacial dos locais onde se inserem, sendo as principais responsáveis pelo consumo de recursos naturais e terrenos, e contribuintes de cerca de 70% das emissões globais de poluentes (BRAGANÇA, 2013).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

As cidades sofrem constantes alterações nos âmbitos físico, social e económico, pautadas pelas ne... more As cidades sofrem constantes alterações nos âmbitos físico, social e económico, pautadas pelas necessidades da sociedade que delas usufruem. Na atualidade, os ritmos de modificações impostos são cada vez mais frenéticos dadas as crescentes taxas de aumento populacional. O crescimento das populações urbanas leva a expansões das existentes malhas urbanas e transformações das áreas rurais, conduzindo a uma sucessão de alterações, algumas irreversíveis, ao meio ambiente natural (BARBOSA et al., 2013). Além do impacte ambiental associado, de acordo com Barbosa et al. (2014a, 2014b), as constantes transformações do ambiente urbano levam a desequilíbrios profundos na qualidade de vida dos seus habitantes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The construction sector is responsible for enormous environmental impacts. Those are mainly due t... more The construction sector is responsible for enormous environmental impacts. Those are mainly due to the use of materials, energy and land. The impact of a single building is normally directly dependent on the size of the building or in the area of land it occupies. In this article, it is argued that strategies to improve building performance by reducing building size must take into account occupancy patterns of each type of building compartment in order to correctly assess compartment area needs. Nevertheless, occupancy patterns typically found in the literature do not provide enough detail to allow a deep analysis of the use of each type of building compartment. The objective of this study is to propose methods to produce detailed occupancy patterns that allows the assessment of building performance. For this, a questionnaire was developed and tested in the development of preliminary detailed occupancy patterns for Portuguese residential buildings.

Sustainability assessment has been promoted by several institutions and organizations in order to... more Sustainability assessment has been promoted by several institutions and organizations in order to encourage sustainable practices in the building sector. The scope of the first assessment tools was on buildings and building solutions. Research within this field of knowledge is already well established. But very recently, there has been a progressive development of tools aiming at broader scales such as neighborhoods, urban districts and larger urban areas. These assessment tools borrowed strategies that were used in their predecessors (aiming at the building scale) that bring some problems when assessing sustainability in urban areas. In this article, several sustainability assessment tools for urban areas were analyzed in several criteria. The analysis showed that all existing assessment tools share some issues regardless of having different approaches. It is argued that sustainability assessment tools need to evolve in the sense of becoming more similar regarding their assessment framework and scoring methods.

The relevance of the building sector in the global energy use as well as in the global carbon emi... more The relevance of the building sector in the global energy use as well as in the global carbon emissions makes the improvement of the overall ener gy performance of existing buildings an important part of the actions to mitigate climate c hanges. Regardless of this potential, large scale building renovation has been found hard to tr igge , with present standards mainly focused on new buildings, not responding effectivel y to the technical, functional and economic constraints of the existing ones. One of t he common problems in the assessment of building renovation scenarios is that only energy s avings and costs are normally considered, despite the fact that the investment on energy effi ci ncy yield several benefits beyond the value of saved energy (the so-called co-benefits). To demonstrate and highlight the relevance of co-be nefits achieved in the renovation process, a Portuguese neighbourhood with nearly 17.000 inhab itants that has been recently renovated is analysed in search ...

International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development, 2014

The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with p... more The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden.

O mundo de hoje enfrenta vários problemas de foro social, ambiental e económico. Esses problemas ... more O mundo de hoje enfrenta vários problemas de foro social, ambiental e económico. Esses problemas são resultado da conjugação de vários fatores tais como o forte aumento da população mundial, o uso abusivo dos recursos naturais existentes e a poluição da atmosfera, solo e água. Um dos grandes responsáveis por estes problemas é o setor da construção, pelo que têm sido desenvolvidos alguns instrumentos para avaliar a sustentabilidade e tentar reduzir os impactes do sector. Esses instrumentos de avaliação possuem várias escalas de aplicação que vão desde a avaliação da sustentabilidade de um edifício até áreas urbanas e cidades. Neste artigo é apresentada a metodologia SBTool Urban, desenvolvida e promovida pela Associação iiSBE Portugal. Para o efeito, o SBTool Urban tem sido aplicado a diversos casos de estudo, de modo a se obter o conhecimento detalhado sobre a sua aplicação em casos práticos. Dentre os diversos casos de estudo realizados, apresenta-se o caso de estudo de uma pequena...

Applied Energy, 2016

h i g h l i g h t s A new cost-benefit method was developed to compare building solutions. The me... more h i g h l i g h t s A new cost-benefit method was developed to compare building solutions. The method considers energy performance, life cycle costs and investment willingness. The graphical analysis helps stakeholders to easily compare building solutions. The method was applied to a case study showing consistency and feasibility.

Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 2015

Architectural design is often associated with aesthetics and style, but it is also very important... more Architectural design is often associated with aesthetics and style, but it is also very important to building performance and sustainability. There are some studies associating architectural design to the choice for materials from sustainable sources, to indoor air quality, to energy efficiency and productivity. This article takes a step further to analyse how the use of efficient interior design techniques can impact the habitable space in order to improve building sustainability in land use. Smart interior design, a current trend related to the use of efficient and flexible furniture and movable walls in tiny or compact apartments, is analysed. A building with a standard design is used as a case study reference building and compared to a proposed theoretical design alternative using smart interior design techniques. In order to correctly assess sustainability performance, a quantifiable and verified method is used. Results showed that the use of smart interior design techniques can greatly reduce buildings' impact on the environment.

Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 2014

In this article, the sustainability assessment of land use efficiency of buildings is subject to ... more In this article, the sustainability assessment of land use efficiency of buildings is subject to a critical study. Several building sustainability assessment tools were analysed to find that the impacts of this criterion are not correctly assessed in current methodologies and some even ignore its importance. Some existing assessment methods and correspondent indexes were used in four virtual buildings to evaluate the effectiveness of each calculation method. It was concluded that the existing methods do not allow correct assessments and can promote unsustainable practices. It was also proved that it is necessary to include the implantation index, spatial efficiency and occupational efficiency for correct assessments, complementary to the use of the gross floor area index or development density. Due to difficulties in the weighting of the four complementary indexes, a single index was developed to perform the calculations using five main variables. The new index was tested in seven virtual buildings for internal validation and to two real buildings, providing good assessment results regarding the expected performance of buildings and proving to be better than other indexes that are currently used in BSA Tools to assess land use efficiency. Considerations are also made for the development of regional benchmarks for the new index and the possibility to use it in regulations at a municipal and national scale to promote land use efficiency.

Nowadays cities are facing several environmental problems due to the population migration to urba... more Nowadays cities are facing several environmental problems due to the population migration to urban areas, which is causing urban sprawl. This way, it is very important to define solutions to improve Land Use Efficiency (LUE). This article proposes the use of community buildings features as a solution to increase land use efficiency. Community buildings consider the design of shared building spaces to reduce the floor area of buildings. This work tests the performance of some case study buildings regarding LUE to analyse its possible pros and cons. A quantifiable method is used to assess buildings' LUE, which considers the number of occupants, the gross floor area, the functional area, the implantation area and the allotment area. Buildings with higher values for this index have reduced environmental impacts because they use less construction materials, produce less construction and demolition wastes and require less energy for building operation. The results showed that the use of community building features can increase Land Use Efficiency of buildings.

The importance of implementing sustainable practices in buildings is duly proved and understood b... more The importance of implementing sustainable practices in buildings is duly proved and understood by the majority of the population. However, its implementation is not yet a reality. Some studies have been performed with the goal of understand this lack of use of sustainable solutions, among building sector stakeholders. The conclusion is that one of the main factors contributing to this is related with economic constraints. Several studies have proven that many sustainable practices correspond to minor costs than traditional practices in a life cycle perspective. However, the building sector stakeholders are not aware of this and do not implement sustainable practices commonly. In this paper a cost benefit methodology willing to cross this barrier and promote the sustainable practices implementation is presented.

ABSTRACT This paper analyses the current trends in sustainability implementation. An analysis of ... more ABSTRACT This paper analyses the current trends in sustainability implementation. An analysis of the most important sustainability assessment tools indicates that after about 15 years from their launch the recent tendency in sustainability assessment tools development aims at the sustainability assessment of urban areas. Independently of the development of these new tools, a significant number of cities in Europe and around the world are implementing sustainability measures. Although these cities are not being subjected to sustainability assessments, it is noticed that successful sustainability measures that are being applied in these cities have common principles to those assessed in the sustainability assessment tools. This way, as the paradigm of the sustainability assessment tools is changing from the building scale to the urban and the city scale, this new generation of sustainability assessment tools can be used to guide and to help cities and urban areas towards sustainability.

14 The building sector is responsible for consuming approximately 40% of the final energy 15 in E... more 14 The building sector is responsible for consuming approximately 40% of the final energy 15 in Europe. However, more than 50% of this consumption can be reduced through energy-16 efficient measures. Our society is facing not only a severe and unprecedented 17 environmental crisis but also an economic crisis of similar magnitude. In light of this, EU 18 has developed legislation promoting the use of the Cost-Optimal (CO) method in order 19 to improve building energy efficiency, in which selection criteria is based on life cycle 20 costs. Nevertheless, studies show that the implementation of energy-efficient solutions is 21 far from ideal. Therefore, it is very important to analyse the reasons for this gap between 22 theory and implementation as well as improve selection methods. This study aims to 23 develop a methodology based on a cost-effectiveness analysis, which can be seen as an 24 improvement to the CO method as it considers the investment willingness of stakeholders 25 in the selection process of energy-efficient solutions. The method uses a simple graphical 26 display in which the stakeholders' investment willingness is identified as the slope of a 27 reference line, allowing easy selection between building solutions. This method will lead 28 to the selection of more desired – from stakeholders' point of view – and more energy-29 efficient solutions than those selected through the CO method. 30