Gion Wallmeyer | Universität Bielefeld (original) (raw)
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Papers by Gion Wallmeyer
Historische Zeitschrift, Nov 30, 2023
In the 14th century, the courts of kings, popes, and princes saw increasing competition between r... more In the 14th century, the courts of kings, popes, and princes saw increasing competition between representatives of various types of expertise. The decision as to what kind of knowledge could be used and in what form shifted from the learned circles to the laymen and, at the courts, to the rulers and their entourage. Growing competition made it necessary to examine the claims to validity associated with each body of knowledge, its content, and potential usefulness, as well as the positions of its bearers. The growing epistemic rivalries thus made knowledge reflexive. The article illustrates these processes with case studies of selected Latin European courts.
Historisches Jahrbuch, 2022
In the Right Place at the Wrong Time. The Bishop of León’s Plan for a Crusade Redated. – In the y... more In the Right Place at the Wrong Time. The Bishop of León’s Plan for a Crusade Redated. – In the year 1291, the Egyptian sultan conquered Acre and Sidon, the last two large crusader strongpoints in the Levante. Popes and kings, however, refused to passively accept the demise of the crusader kingdoms and at various points over the following 40 years made plans to recapture the lost territories. In the context of preparations for a new crusade, a large number of memoranda, treatises, and expert opinions were written that examined various means and possibilities for retaking the holy places for Christendom.
The article examines a plan for reconquest by the Bishop of León, which because of the unclear circumstances of its origin has often been seen as cryptic and consequently little received among scholars. In doing so, it is established that a historical placement of the document proved difficult in the past because it was not, as previously assumed, prepared between 1322 and 1324 by García de Ayerbe. The article contends instead that the plan of reconquest actually originated during 1312 or 1313 in the context of marriage negotiations with the French crown and can be traced back to Bishop Gonzalo de Hinojosa (†1327), who represented the crown of Castile and León in these negotiations.
Francia, 2019
For more than a century, scholars of medieval history from Gautier to Huizinga and Erdmann have c... more For more than a century, scholars of medieval history from Gautier to Huizinga and Erdmann have consistently emphasized the reciprocal relationship between crusading and knighthood 1 . Two recent trends that emerged independently of each other in the historiographies of crusades and knighthood suggest that historians should consider this aged couple once again: The first of these trends revolves around the medieval practices of planning a crusade. By investigating the ways and means by which local as well as governmental agents had prepared themselves for the military campaigns in the East, historians have started to focus on the process of planning not only as a precursor to the actual crusade, but rather as a project in its own right 2 . This analysis of crusade planning is not limited to the classical period of the 12 th and 13 th centuries but complemented by the somewhat older tendency to expand the notion of crusading to the 14 th , 15 th and 16 th centuries 3 . In the history of knighthood on the other hand, a series of recent studies has examined the diverse social roles of knights as well as their manifold functions in the growing administrations of the 13 th and 14 th centuries and the knowledge that enabled them to occupy
Wissen und Wirtschaft.Expertenkulturen und Märkte vom 13. bis 18. Jahrhundert, 2017
Gedruckt mit freundlicher Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.
Books by Gion Wallmeyer
Das Phänomen der politischen Beratung beschäftigt die Mittelalterforschung seit langem. Vergangen... more Das Phänomen der politischen Beratung beschäftigt die Mittelalterforschung seit langem. Vergangene Studien haben vor allem deren Bedeutung für die Aushandlung von Herrschaft herausgestellt. Dieses Buch wählt dagegen erstmalig eine wissensgeschichtliche Herangehensweise, um die Funktionsweise des höfischen Ratgeberwesens zu untersuchen. Im Zentrum stehen dabei die Planungen zur Rückeroberung des Heiligen Landes, die mit dem Untergang der Kreuzfahrerreiche einsetzten und bis zum Vorabend des 100-jährigen Krieges andauerten. Die Niederlagen der Kreuzfahrer hatten dazu geführt, dass lateineuropäische Herrscher bestehendes Wissen in Frage stellten und den gesamtgesellschaftlichen Wissensvorrat nach genuin neuen Möglichkeiten zur Rückeroberung der verlorenen Gebiete durchsuchten. Von diesem Prozess zeugen die Denkschriften zahlreicher Ratgeber, die an den Höfen von Päpsten und Königen ihre teils riskanten, teils konservativen Rückeroberungspläne bewarben. Zur Untersuchung dieser Quellen verbindet die Studie qualitative Ansätze mit quantitativen Verfahren aus der Inhaltsanalyse und Netzwerkforschung zu einem lebendigen Bild der Abläufe und Regeln politischer Beratungen an den Höfen von Päpsten und Königen.
Historische Zeitschrift, Nov 30, 2023
In the 14th century, the courts of kings, popes, and princes saw increasing competition between r... more In the 14th century, the courts of kings, popes, and princes saw increasing competition between representatives of various types of expertise. The decision as to what kind of knowledge could be used and in what form shifted from the learned circles to the laymen and, at the courts, to the rulers and their entourage. Growing competition made it necessary to examine the claims to validity associated with each body of knowledge, its content, and potential usefulness, as well as the positions of its bearers. The growing epistemic rivalries thus made knowledge reflexive. The article illustrates these processes with case studies of selected Latin European courts.
Historisches Jahrbuch, 2022
In the Right Place at the Wrong Time. The Bishop of León’s Plan for a Crusade Redated. – In the y... more In the Right Place at the Wrong Time. The Bishop of León’s Plan for a Crusade Redated. – In the year 1291, the Egyptian sultan conquered Acre and Sidon, the last two large crusader strongpoints in the Levante. Popes and kings, however, refused to passively accept the demise of the crusader kingdoms and at various points over the following 40 years made plans to recapture the lost territories. In the context of preparations for a new crusade, a large number of memoranda, treatises, and expert opinions were written that examined various means and possibilities for retaking the holy places for Christendom.
The article examines a plan for reconquest by the Bishop of León, which because of the unclear circumstances of its origin has often been seen as cryptic and consequently little received among scholars. In doing so, it is established that a historical placement of the document proved difficult in the past because it was not, as previously assumed, prepared between 1322 and 1324 by García de Ayerbe. The article contends instead that the plan of reconquest actually originated during 1312 or 1313 in the context of marriage negotiations with the French crown and can be traced back to Bishop Gonzalo de Hinojosa (†1327), who represented the crown of Castile and León in these negotiations.
Francia, 2019
For more than a century, scholars of medieval history from Gautier to Huizinga and Erdmann have c... more For more than a century, scholars of medieval history from Gautier to Huizinga and Erdmann have consistently emphasized the reciprocal relationship between crusading and knighthood 1 . Two recent trends that emerged independently of each other in the historiographies of crusades and knighthood suggest that historians should consider this aged couple once again: The first of these trends revolves around the medieval practices of planning a crusade. By investigating the ways and means by which local as well as governmental agents had prepared themselves for the military campaigns in the East, historians have started to focus on the process of planning not only as a precursor to the actual crusade, but rather as a project in its own right 2 . This analysis of crusade planning is not limited to the classical period of the 12 th and 13 th centuries but complemented by the somewhat older tendency to expand the notion of crusading to the 14 th , 15 th and 16 th centuries 3 . In the history of knighthood on the other hand, a series of recent studies has examined the diverse social roles of knights as well as their manifold functions in the growing administrations of the 13 th and 14 th centuries and the knowledge that enabled them to occupy
Wissen und Wirtschaft.Expertenkulturen und Märkte vom 13. bis 18. Jahrhundert, 2017
Gedruckt mit freundlicher Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.
Das Phänomen der politischen Beratung beschäftigt die Mittelalterforschung seit langem. Vergangen... more Das Phänomen der politischen Beratung beschäftigt die Mittelalterforschung seit langem. Vergangene Studien haben vor allem deren Bedeutung für die Aushandlung von Herrschaft herausgestellt. Dieses Buch wählt dagegen erstmalig eine wissensgeschichtliche Herangehensweise, um die Funktionsweise des höfischen Ratgeberwesens zu untersuchen. Im Zentrum stehen dabei die Planungen zur Rückeroberung des Heiligen Landes, die mit dem Untergang der Kreuzfahrerreiche einsetzten und bis zum Vorabend des 100-jährigen Krieges andauerten. Die Niederlagen der Kreuzfahrer hatten dazu geführt, dass lateineuropäische Herrscher bestehendes Wissen in Frage stellten und den gesamtgesellschaftlichen Wissensvorrat nach genuin neuen Möglichkeiten zur Rückeroberung der verlorenen Gebiete durchsuchten. Von diesem Prozess zeugen die Denkschriften zahlreicher Ratgeber, die an den Höfen von Päpsten und Königen ihre teils riskanten, teils konservativen Rückeroberungspläne bewarben. Zur Untersuchung dieser Quellen verbindet die Studie qualitative Ansätze mit quantitativen Verfahren aus der Inhaltsanalyse und Netzwerkforschung zu einem lebendigen Bild der Abläufe und Regeln politischer Beratungen an den Höfen von Päpsten und Königen.