Dinesha Ramadas | University of Mysore (original) (raw)

Papers by Dinesha Ramadas

All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you... more All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately.

Asian journal of pharmaceutical and health sciences, 2016

Journal of the Medical Sciences, 2020

Current Bioactive Compounds, 2021

Background: Rheum emodi has been used traditionally to treat diabetes in India. The study was des... more Background: Rheum emodi has been used traditionally to treat diabetes in India. The study was designed to elucidate the effect of 75% ethanolic extract of R. emodi (rhizome) (EE-ReR) and its isolated compounds like emodin and chrysophanol on alloxan-induced diabetic rats, and to check its antidiabetic efficacy. Acute toxicological and histopathological studies were also assessed. Methods: Experimental rats were divided into six groups, with each group consisting of 6 rats. EEReR and its compounds emodin and chrysophanol were given orally for 30 days. Results: The experimental rats were sacrificed after 30 days by cervical dislocation. The renal profile and lipid parameters were determined. Histopathological changes in liver, kidney and pancreas were examined in EE-ReR treated group. EE-ReR was fed orally to diabetic rats, which resulted in a decline in the fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, free fatty acids, creatinine, urea levels, and a rise in the insulin levels was observ...

Biochimie, 2009

Turmeric waste grits Reactive oxygen species (ROS) Lipid peroxidation Antioxidant Non-toxic a b s... more Turmeric waste grits Reactive oxygen species (ROS) Lipid peroxidation Antioxidant Non-toxic a b s t r a c t b-Turmerin from turmeric (Curcuma longa) waste grits obtained after extraction of curcumin was purified by successive gel permeation chromatography. Homogeneity of b-turmerin was confirmed by its movement as single band both in SDS-PAGE and as well as in native (basic) PAGE. The apparent molecular mass is w34 kDa by SDS-PAGE. It is more hydrophobic protein and showed sharp single peak in RP-HPLC with retention time of 62.17 min. It is a glycoprotein as it shows the presence of amino sugars up to 0.021 gm%. In three different model systems i.e., linolenic acid micelles, erythrocyte membrane systems and liposomes, b-turmerin at 0.125 mM offered 70%, 64%, and 60% inhibition of lipid peroxidation, which is 3200 times more efficient than the standard antioxidants BHA (400 mM) and a-tocopherol (400 mM). b-turmerin inhibited diene-triene and tetraene conjugation up to 54%, 72% and 47%, respectively. b-turmerin also effectively scavenges hydroxyl radicals when compared to BHA and a-tocopherol. b-turmerin (2.5 mM) further inhibited the activation of PMNL mediated by fMLP up to the extent of 75%, where as standards BHA (400 mM) and mannitol (10 mM) inhibited the same to 65% and 55%, respectively. At 0.125 mM dose b-turmerin prevented t-BOOH induced cell death at all time intervals. In addition to the above properties, it is non-toxic to lymphocytes as it did not affect the viability of cells. The mechanism of antioxidant action of b-turmerin could probably be by counteracting/quenching of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We report the purification and characterization of b-turmerin (w34 kDa), a potent antioxidant protein from turmeric waste grits.

Research & Reviews: A Journal of Biotechnology, Mar 30, 2018

Antioxidants are important substances in the fight against the damage done by free radicals that ... more Antioxidants are important substances in the fight against the damage done by free radicals that are produced by oxidative stress. Antioxidants are available in various forms as dietary supplements/synthetic forms. Because of their toxicity and side effects, the extensive use of many of these synthetic antioxidants is ruled out. Most nutritionist agrees that, the natural food is the best source of antioxidants. Dietary antioxidants have the ability to scavenge free radicals, acts as chain inhibitors and metal chelators and thereby prevent or retard chronic health diseases. In the present study, coriander leaves were selected as the dietary source because of carotenoid content and described their extraction, saponification and isolation process of oxycarotenoid concentrate. The assessment of both crude extract and isolated oxycarotenoid extract was also described for its effective antioxidant activity by different model systems such as hydroxyl radical, DPPH, Ferric ion reducing activity, Ferrous ion chelating activity, Lipid peroxidation and SOD activity. Oxidative stability of oils was also assessed by Rancimat study. The results showed that the crude and purified extracts of coriander leaves could act as better antioxidant to prevent the toxicity and also proved that the purified extract showed more antioxidant activity when compared to the crude extract. The estimated IC50 values of purified extracts in model systems such as DPPH, hydroxyl radical and superoxide activity were 14.06 μg/ml, 39.79 μg/ml, 37.57 μg/ml, respectively. It was found to be significantly inhibited the lipid peroxidation by FeSO4-Ascorbic acid system with IC50 values at 71.4 μg/ml. The oxidative stability of oils was increased from 4.31 h to 6.05 h and 4.31 h to 7.03 h by the addition of crude and purified extracts of coriander leaves, respectively. These results showed that that coriander leaves could be used as the dietary source of antioxidants.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2022

Objective: The present study focused on the identification of particular extract which shows sign... more Objective: The present study focused on the identification of particular extract which shows signification protection of DNA sugar against excessive oxidation. Methods: The different extracts (water, alcohol, alcohol: water, and hexane) of Agathi seeds (Sesbania grandiflora Linn) were evaluated using various antioxidant and other relevant assays like DNA sugar protection and antioxidant activities. Results: The alcohol: water (1:1) extract of S. grandiflora Linn seeds showed the highest antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity. It inhibited membrane lipid peroxidation by 55% at 50 μg/ml, scavenged approximately 69% of hydroxyl and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazayl radicals at 2–3 fold lower concentrations compared to the other extracts. In addition, the alcohol: water extract inhibited ferrous sulfate: ascorbate-induced sugar oxidation of DNA and also showed non-toxic nature against lymphocytes. Conclusion: These results establish the antioxidant potential of the extract, which...

International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2021

The study was done to investigate the in vitro anti-diabetic activity of Ethanol-water extract of... more The study was done to investigate the in vitro anti-diabetic activity of Ethanol-water extract of Abutilon indicum plant leaves. The phytochemicals present in the extract was analyzed by using standard methods. In vitro antioxidant study was done using DPPH radical scavenging activity. The In vitro anti-diabetic studies were done by alpha amylase enzyme, alpha glucosidases enzyme inhibition studies and Glucose uptake in Yeast cells studies. The phytochemical analysis showed that the extract rich with proteins, polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, polysaccharides. The in vitro antiglycation potential of extract was confirmed through alpha amylase enzyme, alpha glucosidases enzyme inhibition studies and Glucose uptake in Yeast cells studies. The results of the present study showed the significant antioxidant and antidiabetic activity. The potential pharmacological activity of Abutilon indicum might be the presence of phytochemicals.

Aim: To determine the antioxidant activity of the water extract of root, leaves and fruit of Munt... more Aim: To determine the antioxidant activity of the water extract of root, leaves and fruit of MuntingiaCalabura were evaluated for their antioxidant activity. Materials& Methods: The phytochemical analysis antioxidant activity of the extract was studies using plant's root, leaves and fruits. Results & Discussion: extracts showed that, each extract contains rich with proteins, carbohydrates, polyphenols, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, chlorophyll and negligible amount of α-tocopherol. The antioxidant activity of the above was evaluated by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity. Standard antioxidants like BHA, Curcumin and α-tocopherol were used as positive control. The leaf extract (52%) showed more antioxidant activity in comparison to fruit extract (25%) and the root extract (43%) showed less. Conclusion: The above antioxidant activity of the extracts may due to the presence of phytochemicals like polyphenols, proteins, flavonoids, ascorbic acid and α-tocoph...

International Journal of Nursing Education and Research, 2020

A 28 kDaglyco protein isolated, purified and characterized from boiling water extract of Turmeric... more A 28 kDaglyco protein isolated, purified and characterized from boiling water extract of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L) and named as BGS-Haridrin. The protein showed sharp single peak in RP-HPLC with a retention time of 32.6 min. The apparent molecular weight of BGS-Haridrin was w28 kDa showed in SDS PAGE and MALDI/MS analysis. BGS-Haridrin scavenged hydroxyl, DPPH radicals, superoxide radicals 76-82 % about and inhibited lipid peroxidation about 78% at a maximum dosage of 0.9 nM concentration when compared to BHA, Curcumin (400 µM) and α-tocopherol (400µM). BGS Haridrin effectively protects H 2O 2 (100µM) induced cell death in human peripheral lymphocytes. Further BGS-Haridrin prevents H 2O 2 (1mM) caused calf thymus DNA damage as evidenced by agarose gel electrophoresis. In summary, the results represent in vitro

Objective: To investigate the in vitro, Antioxidant and Antiinflammatory activity of the proteins... more Objective: To investigate the in vitro, Antioxidant and Antiinflammatory activity of the proteins isolated from Muntingia Calabura plant root. Methods: Proteins of the extract was isolated by Ammonium sulphate protein precipitate method. In vitro antioxidant studies were carried out for the Muntingia Calabura root proteins using superoxide radical scavenging method and anti-inflammatory studies was done using membrane stabilization assay were performed for Muntingia Calabura root proteins. Results: The superoxide radical scavenging ability of the proteins was compared with standard antioxidant like BHA and Ascorbic acid at a maximum dosage of 8μg, where Muntingia Calabura root protein showed a maximum inhibition of 71% and BHA and Ascorbic showed 65 and 60% respectively. The anti-inflammatory activity of Muntingia Calabura root proteins were compared with the standard drug Diclofenac sodium, where at a World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research SJIF Impact Factor 5.990 Volume 4, Issue...

Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2015

Article history Carnitine is essential nutrient obtained from the diet and also biosynthesized fr... more Article history Carnitine is essential nutrient obtained from the diet and also biosynthesized from the essential amino acids lysine and methionine. The established function of carnitine is as a carrier of activated fatty acids and activates acetate across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Other roles of carnitine include buffering of the acyl coenzyme A - CoA ratio, removal of excess acyl groups, and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation and also influences carbohydrate metabolism. Primary carnitine deficiency (PCD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of fatty acid oxidation caused by deficiency of plasma membrane carnitine resulting from impairment in the plasma membrane transporter, leading to decreased accumulation in the skeletal muscle, heart and potentiates increased renal loss leading to systemic carnitine depletion. Recent studies have revealed Secondary carnitine deficiencies (SCD) occur due to an accumulation of organic acids, characterized by carnitine increased excretion in u...

DNA of live cells is damaged when exposed to harmful Ultraviolet rays. If the cells are exposed ... more DNA of live cells is damaged when exposed to harmful Ultraviolet rays. If the cells are exposed to UV rays exposure time more duration of time, more thymine dimers are formed in the DNA and the greater the risk of an incorrect repair or a missed dimer. To analyze the effect of UV rays Calf thymus DNA and prevention by polyphenol enriched extract of Mint leaves and also its non toxic nature. The above study was done by using submarine gel electrophoresis where UV rays are used to damage the DNA and BHA (400µM) used as positive control. The polyphenol enriched extract was taken at 15μg concentration prevent UV rays induced DNA fragmentation in submarine agarose gel electrophoresis which provides same protection when compared to standard antioxidant BHA (400μM). The cytotoxicity studies showed that, the extract and BHA provides a protection of 54% whereas, the extract of Mint leaves extract showed 72%. In conclusion, the Mint leaves extract showed a promising DNA protectant activit...

Though the majority of people in Kenya and Tharaka in particular, depend on ethnomedicine to mana... more Though the majority of people in Kenya and Tharaka in particular, depend on ethnomedicine to manage different ailments, the indigenous knowledge largely is not documented. As a result, an ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plant species used to manage ailments in Tharaka, Kenya was conducted. The objectives were to identify and document plants traditionally used for medicinal therapy by the Tharakans, to find out the method used for preparing and administering the drugs and to find out the conservation practices for the medicinal plants. Ethnobotanical data was collected by observations and use of semi-structured interviews. 71 plants belonging to 51 genera in 30 families were identified and reported to be of medicinal value to the locals. Roots are the most used (38%) followed by leaves (29%) and stem/bark (26%). The study revealed other hitherto undocumented medicinal plant species that may be new records for treating various ailments. Traditional medicine in Tharaka provides a co...

Reactive oxygen species modifies amino acid side chains of proteins such as arginine, glutamyl, l... more Reactive oxygen species modifies amino acid side chains of proteins such as arginine, glutamyl, lysine, threonine and proline to form protein carbonyls. Oxidative modification reaction leads to carbonylated proteins which appear as aldehyde or ketones in proteins. Protein carbonyl groups are rigorously related with cardiovascular diseases, as a sensitive marker of an acute inflammatory state and as an important index of oxidative stress. Measuring protein carbonyl associated with CVDs as oxidative protein damage is the primary aim of our study. This indicates carbonyl group formation and evidence of free radical modification of proteins. Thirty patients with AMI participated in this study. The present study was carried out to evaluate carbonyl stress in acute myocardial infarction and correlations of protein carbonyl as risk measures like lipid profile and cardiac markers (Aspartate transaminase, Creatine Kinase-MB, Lactate dehydrogenase & Troponin-I) to assess their involvement in ...

Protein carbonyl is the biomarker of oxidative stress. An irreversible modification develops, whe... more Protein carbonyl is the biomarker of oxidative stress. An irreversible modification develops, when reactive aldehydes or ketones of ROS reacts with amino acid residues of proteins during oxidation. Dengue virus, the causative agent of dengue fever (DF) and its severe forms can infect different types of cells such as macrophages, endothelial cells and also hepatic cells (site of dengue virus replication) contribute to ROS production. ROS generation has been detected when endothelial cells are stimulated by cytokines, during dengue infection. Thus ultimately leads to loss of membrane function and alterations in the integrity of the membrane carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. It has been suggested that the increased vascular permeability observed in DF is caused by malfunction, a structural destruction of the endothelial & hepatic cells.

Microorganisms are raising resistance against available antibiotics due to usage of antibiotics i... more Microorganisms are raising resistance against available antibiotics due to usage of antibiotics in a wrong way. There is lot of demand for finding /searching new natural antimicrobial agents as they are inexpensive, easily available, most of them are edible and mainly non-toxic even at the rate of milligram quantity. The aim was to study the efficiency of the anti-bacterial effect of Polyphenols enriched extract of Drum stick plant leaves (Moringa oleifera) against staphylococcus aureus. The materials involved in this study include Drum stick plant leaves, micro-organism staphylococcus aureus in the bacterial type culture collection, agar, and blood-agar plates. At 10% concentration, of Polyphenols enriched extract of Drum stick leaves had zero anti-bacterial activity, while between 20 to 25% concentrations revealed high activity against the bacteria. Thus, increased in the anti-bacterial activity was promising as the concentration augmented from 20 to 25%. The results acquired fr...