Daniel Kölligan | Julius-Maximilians - Universität Würzburg (original) (raw)
Papers by Daniel Kölligan
The Future of the Past: From Regional Studies to Human Heritage Research, 2024
The paper argues that while there may be no intrinsic reason for giving preference to the study ... more The paper argues that while there may be no intrinsic reason for giving
preference to the study of European antiquity, it remains an indispensable part of human self-description as part of the general endeavor of understanding history and cultural productivity. Research need not end in a blind alley of compartmentalized paradigms. Taking the changing views on language relationship in antiquity and the early (European) modern age as an example, the paper traces the interplay between new data, insights and theories.
Indogermanische Forschungen, vol. 126, no. 1, pp. 107-134, 2021
The paper argues that a) Germanic *tauf/ƀra- (Germ. Zauber, etc.) is related to a root PIE *deu̯p... more The paper argues that a) Germanic *tauf/ƀra- (Germ. Zauber, etc.) is related to a root PIE *deu̯p- ‘beat; make a hollow sound, resound’ found in Greek δοῦπος ‘thud’, etc., b) Greek φάρμακον goes back to the root PIE *gʷʰer- ‘heat’ (Gk. θερμός, etc.) implying healing by fomentation, and c) Armenian hiwand ‘sick’, borrowed from Iranian, to PIE *sh₂ei̯- ‘bind’ relying on the notion of disease as a supernatural bond.
Indogermanische Forschungen , vol. 126, no. 1, pp. 135-140, 2021
Vedic cīti-, attested in the Atharvaveda, is argued to be related to Av. ṣ̌āitī-, OP šiyāti- ‘hap... more Vedic cīti-, attested in the Atharvaveda, is argued to be related to Av. ṣ̌āitī-, OP šiyāti- ‘happiness’ built to PIE *kʷi̯eh₁- ‘to (come to) rest’.
Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft 74/1, 2021
Folia Linguistica Historica, 2021
Kadmos, 2015
The Myc. PN a-o-ri-me-ne may be interpreted as a possessive compound ʻwho has the μένος of the s... more The Myc. PN a-o-ri-me-ne may be interpreted as a possessive compound
ʻwho has the μένος of the sword’, or as ʻwho has the μένος in the swordʼ, if the compounding vowel -i- was still functional as a locative marker, as Ruijgh proposed, or simply as the combination of the two elements [rage] and [sword]. The interpretation is supported by collocations of words for ʻspearʼ and ʻrageʼ in the epic language. At least in the Homeric world the μένος that temporarily resides in a weapon is probably due to the divine influence of Ares whose fury may enter both the weapon and its possessor.
Papers on Ancient Greek Linguistics, 2020
Structurally, unaugmented aorists and imperfects belong to the oldest layer of verbal forms attes... more Structurally, unaugmented aorists and imperfects belong to the oldest layer of verbal forms attested in Greek, which continue the so-called Indo-European ‘injunctive’. The latter was inflectionally underspecified as regards verbal categories such as tense or mood (Hoffmann 1967; Kiparsky 1968). Thus, the question arises as to how the attitude of the speaker toward the content of his utterance was expressed. The aim of this paper is to investigate the role of epistemic particles and adverbs co-occurring with injunctives in the Iliad and the Odyssey, focusing
in particular on past counterfactual constructions. Crosslinguistic studies have shown that such modal constructions reflect the universal semantic distinction between realis and irrealis (Wierzbicka 1997: 38). In Greek, on the one hand, the main clause or apodosis was always lexically marked by the irrealis particle κεν, expressing a potential event in the past, which in fact never happened (see Hettrich 1998). On the other hand, the if-clause or protasis referred to an actual event in the past for which the outcome is already known (realis). The data show
how particles and adverbs occurring in the protasis assumed an epistemic value, expressing the speaker’s commitment to the truth-value or factual status of his proposition. The analysis of all the occurrences of such complex constructions shows a non-random distribution of those epistemic particles and adverbs, whose frequency significantly decreases when the verb of the protasis is an indicative rather than an injunctive. Thus, it might be argued that they played an important role in expressing epistemic modality before the emerging indicative mood rendered them less functional at a later stage. Another piece of evidence in favour of this hypothesis comes from the epistemic verb μέλλω, that develops into a periphrastic marker for future tense, especially as a future in the past (cf. Allan 2017). The Homeric poems show most instances of the unaugmented 3SG occurring with an epistemic particle, while there is variation with the augmented form.
Aitia, 2019
epic language, Hellenistic Greek, case syntax, genitive, possession, diachrony
Nosch, Marie-Louise; Landenius-Enegren, Hedvig (eds.) (2017): Aegean scripts. Proceedings of the 14th International Colloquium on Mycenaean Studies, Copenhagen, 2-5 September 2015. , 2017
Le Feuvre, C. & D. Petit (eds.), Onomatôn histôr - Mélanges offerts à Charles de Lamberterie. Leuven: Peeters, 71–88., 2020
Atti del Convegno Congiunto | Gemeinsame Arbeitstagung. Società Italiana di Glottologia | Indogermanische Gesellschaft. Verona, 11-14 ottobre 2017. A cura di Paola Cotticelli Kurras e Sabine Ziegler. Roma: Il calamo. 129–141., 2019
Rafiyenko, Dariya / Seržant, Ilja A. (eds.). Postclassical Greek. Contemporary Approaches to Philology and Linguistics. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter. 71–96., 2020
Glotta, 2015
Μαθήματα δὲ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἄλλῳ ἀγγείῳ ἀπενεγκεῖν, ἀλλ' ἀνάγκη καταθέντα τὴν τιμὴν τὸ μάθημα ἐν αὐτ... more Μαθήματα δὲ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἄλλῳ ἀγγείῳ ἀπενεγκεῖν, ἀλλ' ἀνάγκη καταθέντα τὴν τιμὴν τὸ μάθημα ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ψυχῇ λαβόντα καὶ μαθόντα ἀπιέναι ἢ βεβλαμμένον ἢ ὠφελημένον. "But you cannot carry away doctrines in a separate vessel: you are compelled, when you have handed over the price, to take the doctrine in your very soul by learning it, and so to depart either an injured or a benefited man".
Indogermanische Forschungen, 2019
It is argued that the Germanic forms *ƀrenga- ‘bring’, *ƀrūka- ‘use, enjoy’ and *ƀrai̯đa- ‘broad’... more It is argued that the Germanic forms *ƀrenga- ‘bring’, *ƀrūka- ‘use, enjoy’ and *ƀrai̯đa- ‘broad’ contain an element *ƀra which is the “ditropic” variant of Gmc. *fra < PIE *pro. It arose by Verner’s Law when *fra was enclitic and formed a phonological word with a preceding lexeme, while being syntactically and semantically oriented towards its host on the right. The same behavior may be seen in Germanic *ham- and *ǥa- as continuants of PIE *kom.
Mnemosyne, 2019
It is argued that Cretan μωλεῖν ‘contend, bring an action to court’ may be derived from PIE *melh... more It is argued that Cretan μωλεῖν ‘contend, bring an action to court’ may be derived from PIE *melh3- ‘to go, walk’, attested also in Gk. prs. βλώσκω, aor. ἔμολον, reflecting the frequent usage of motion verbs in legal contexts meaning ‘file a lawsuit’. The derivational basis of μωλέω may have been a thematized root noun *mṓlh3-s ‘going (to court)’ or a
vr̥ddhi-formation based on *μολός ‘going’.
Mensching, Guido, Lalande, Jean-Yves, Hermes, Jürgen and Neuefeind, Claes, eds. (2018). Sprache - Mensch - Maschine. Beiträge zu Sprache und Sprachwissenschaft, Computerlinguistik und Informationstechnologie. Köln: ISBN 978-3-00-061795-9. 219-230., 2018
Glotta 95, 159-168, 2019
The Greek adjective σκεθρός ‘exact, careful’ may be derived from one the roots meaning ‘to cut’ p... more The Greek adjective σκεθρός ‘exact, careful’ may be derived from one the roots meaning ‘to cut’ posited for Proto-Indo-European (*[s]ker-, *skerH-, *skerdh-), if one assumes a dissimilation of the two rhotics in the putative pre-form *sker(H)dhro- that is attested in other Greek words, too, and a semantic shift from ‘to cut’ either to ‘distinguishing, knowing’ or to ‘short, precise’ as in Latin praecisus.
The Future of the Past: From Regional Studies to Human Heritage Research, 2024
The paper argues that while there may be no intrinsic reason for giving preference to the study ... more The paper argues that while there may be no intrinsic reason for giving
preference to the study of European antiquity, it remains an indispensable part of human self-description as part of the general endeavor of understanding history and cultural productivity. Research need not end in a blind alley of compartmentalized paradigms. Taking the changing views on language relationship in antiquity and the early (European) modern age as an example, the paper traces the interplay between new data, insights and theories.
Indogermanische Forschungen, vol. 126, no. 1, pp. 107-134, 2021
The paper argues that a) Germanic *tauf/ƀra- (Germ. Zauber, etc.) is related to a root PIE *deu̯p... more The paper argues that a) Germanic *tauf/ƀra- (Germ. Zauber, etc.) is related to a root PIE *deu̯p- ‘beat; make a hollow sound, resound’ found in Greek δοῦπος ‘thud’, etc., b) Greek φάρμακον goes back to the root PIE *gʷʰer- ‘heat’ (Gk. θερμός, etc.) implying healing by fomentation, and c) Armenian hiwand ‘sick’, borrowed from Iranian, to PIE *sh₂ei̯- ‘bind’ relying on the notion of disease as a supernatural bond.
Indogermanische Forschungen , vol. 126, no. 1, pp. 135-140, 2021
Vedic cīti-, attested in the Atharvaveda, is argued to be related to Av. ṣ̌āitī-, OP šiyāti- ‘hap... more Vedic cīti-, attested in the Atharvaveda, is argued to be related to Av. ṣ̌āitī-, OP šiyāti- ‘happiness’ built to PIE *kʷi̯eh₁- ‘to (come to) rest’.
Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft 74/1, 2021
Folia Linguistica Historica, 2021
Kadmos, 2015
The Myc. PN a-o-ri-me-ne may be interpreted as a possessive compound ʻwho has the μένος of the s... more The Myc. PN a-o-ri-me-ne may be interpreted as a possessive compound
ʻwho has the μένος of the sword’, or as ʻwho has the μένος in the swordʼ, if the compounding vowel -i- was still functional as a locative marker, as Ruijgh proposed, or simply as the combination of the two elements [rage] and [sword]. The interpretation is supported by collocations of words for ʻspearʼ and ʻrageʼ in the epic language. At least in the Homeric world the μένος that temporarily resides in a weapon is probably due to the divine influence of Ares whose fury may enter both the weapon and its possessor.
Papers on Ancient Greek Linguistics, 2020
Structurally, unaugmented aorists and imperfects belong to the oldest layer of verbal forms attes... more Structurally, unaugmented aorists and imperfects belong to the oldest layer of verbal forms attested in Greek, which continue the so-called Indo-European ‘injunctive’. The latter was inflectionally underspecified as regards verbal categories such as tense or mood (Hoffmann 1967; Kiparsky 1968). Thus, the question arises as to how the attitude of the speaker toward the content of his utterance was expressed. The aim of this paper is to investigate the role of epistemic particles and adverbs co-occurring with injunctives in the Iliad and the Odyssey, focusing
in particular on past counterfactual constructions. Crosslinguistic studies have shown that such modal constructions reflect the universal semantic distinction between realis and irrealis (Wierzbicka 1997: 38). In Greek, on the one hand, the main clause or apodosis was always lexically marked by the irrealis particle κεν, expressing a potential event in the past, which in fact never happened (see Hettrich 1998). On the other hand, the if-clause or protasis referred to an actual event in the past for which the outcome is already known (realis). The data show
how particles and adverbs occurring in the protasis assumed an epistemic value, expressing the speaker’s commitment to the truth-value or factual status of his proposition. The analysis of all the occurrences of such complex constructions shows a non-random distribution of those epistemic particles and adverbs, whose frequency significantly decreases when the verb of the protasis is an indicative rather than an injunctive. Thus, it might be argued that they played an important role in expressing epistemic modality before the emerging indicative mood rendered them less functional at a later stage. Another piece of evidence in favour of this hypothesis comes from the epistemic verb μέλλω, that develops into a periphrastic marker for future tense, especially as a future in the past (cf. Allan 2017). The Homeric poems show most instances of the unaugmented 3SG occurring with an epistemic particle, while there is variation with the augmented form.
Aitia, 2019
epic language, Hellenistic Greek, case syntax, genitive, possession, diachrony
Nosch, Marie-Louise; Landenius-Enegren, Hedvig (eds.) (2017): Aegean scripts. Proceedings of the 14th International Colloquium on Mycenaean Studies, Copenhagen, 2-5 September 2015. , 2017
Le Feuvre, C. & D. Petit (eds.), Onomatôn histôr - Mélanges offerts à Charles de Lamberterie. Leuven: Peeters, 71–88., 2020
Atti del Convegno Congiunto | Gemeinsame Arbeitstagung. Società Italiana di Glottologia | Indogermanische Gesellschaft. Verona, 11-14 ottobre 2017. A cura di Paola Cotticelli Kurras e Sabine Ziegler. Roma: Il calamo. 129–141., 2019
Rafiyenko, Dariya / Seržant, Ilja A. (eds.). Postclassical Greek. Contemporary Approaches to Philology and Linguistics. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter. 71–96., 2020
Glotta, 2015
Μαθήματα δὲ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἄλλῳ ἀγγείῳ ἀπενεγκεῖν, ἀλλ' ἀνάγκη καταθέντα τὴν τιμὴν τὸ μάθημα ἐν αὐτ... more Μαθήματα δὲ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἄλλῳ ἀγγείῳ ἀπενεγκεῖν, ἀλλ' ἀνάγκη καταθέντα τὴν τιμὴν τὸ μάθημα ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ψυχῇ λαβόντα καὶ μαθόντα ἀπιέναι ἢ βεβλαμμένον ἢ ὠφελημένον. "But you cannot carry away doctrines in a separate vessel: you are compelled, when you have handed over the price, to take the doctrine in your very soul by learning it, and so to depart either an injured or a benefited man".
Indogermanische Forschungen, 2019
It is argued that the Germanic forms *ƀrenga- ‘bring’, *ƀrūka- ‘use, enjoy’ and *ƀrai̯đa- ‘broad’... more It is argued that the Germanic forms *ƀrenga- ‘bring’, *ƀrūka- ‘use, enjoy’ and *ƀrai̯đa- ‘broad’ contain an element *ƀra which is the “ditropic” variant of Gmc. *fra < PIE *pro. It arose by Verner’s Law when *fra was enclitic and formed a phonological word with a preceding lexeme, while being syntactically and semantically oriented towards its host on the right. The same behavior may be seen in Germanic *ham- and *ǥa- as continuants of PIE *kom.
Mnemosyne, 2019
It is argued that Cretan μωλεῖν ‘contend, bring an action to court’ may be derived from PIE *melh... more It is argued that Cretan μωλεῖν ‘contend, bring an action to court’ may be derived from PIE *melh3- ‘to go, walk’, attested also in Gk. prs. βλώσκω, aor. ἔμολον, reflecting the frequent usage of motion verbs in legal contexts meaning ‘file a lawsuit’. The derivational basis of μωλέω may have been a thematized root noun *mṓlh3-s ‘going (to court)’ or a
vr̥ddhi-formation based on *μολός ‘going’.
Mensching, Guido, Lalande, Jean-Yves, Hermes, Jürgen and Neuefeind, Claes, eds. (2018). Sprache - Mensch - Maschine. Beiträge zu Sprache und Sprachwissenschaft, Computerlinguistik und Informationstechnologie. Köln: ISBN 978-3-00-061795-9. 219-230., 2018
Glotta 95, 159-168, 2019
The Greek adjective σκεθρός ‘exact, careful’ may be derived from one the roots meaning ‘to cut’ p... more The Greek adjective σκεθρός ‘exact, careful’ may be derived from one the roots meaning ‘to cut’ posited for Proto-Indo-European (*[s]ker-, *skerH-, *skerdh-), if one assumes a dissimilation of the two rhotics in the putative pre-form *sker(H)dhro- that is attested in other Greek words, too, and a semantic shift from ‘to cut’ either to ‘distinguishing, knowing’ or to ‘short, precise’ as in Latin praecisus.
A brief look at various sentence adverbs and particles with discoursive function in Classical Arm... more A brief look at various sentence adverbs and particles with discoursive function in Classical Armenian
Postclassical Greek - Problems and perspectives, 2024
The present volume collects contributions given at the First Postclassical Greek Conference Colog... more The present volume collects contributions given at the First Postclassical Greek Conference Cologne (March 24–26, 2021), dealing with different topics related to the Greek language of the Postclassical period. In particular, it addresses the following issues: diachrony of the Greek language (e.g. as regards word order, negation, semantic shifts, counterfactuals); standardization processes; dialect convergence and linguistic change; linguistic innovation vs. reuse in literary Greek; layout of ancient texts in manuscripts.
The papers include further elaborations with respect to their discussion within the activities of the DFG scientific network on Postclassical Greek (March 2022 – Feb. 2024) organized by the editors.
The thirteen contributions aim at giving the readers new insights into this extremely complex and internally diverse stage of Greek, taking into consideration literary and documentary sources, New Testament Greek and inscriptions. Moreover, they show the productivity of the combination of philological and linguistic approaches when analyzing ancient languages.
Between the birth and death of future tenses - Related languages as a natural lab for research into grammatical change, 2024
This monograph is the first attempt at a comprehensive dynamic description of future tenses that ... more This monograph is the first attempt at a comprehensive dynamic description of future tenses that have been attested in a whole language family, namely the Indo-European one. In general, future tenses are known as a non-obligatory feature of grammar which are repeatedly lost and acquired anew. Together with this, futures are particularly prone to variation, displaying a variety of additional (morpho)syntactic and functional properties. The authors intend to identify factors which trigger and/or facilitate the rise and
subsequent evolution of different types of futures. To this end, this investigation is sketched on the basis of the Indo-European language family, so that the rise and evolution of futures are comprehensively investigated in a range of languages with similar typological characteristics and of identical genealogical provenance. Their ultimate common ancestor did not have any dedicated future tense, and the different branches of this family embrace numerous closely related and therefore originally very similar languages spoken in Europe and Asia. The Indo-European language family is thus used a kind of natural laboratory, providing dynamic data on futures in diverging
language systems.
The Orphic Hymns consist of a prooemium and 87 hymns addressed to several deities in a late Orphi... more The Orphic Hymns consist of a prooemium and 87 hymns addressed to several deities in a late Orphic initiation of sorts. They were composed probably in Asia Minor during the second or third century CE. The bulk of these hymns are made up of divine epithets often linked together in chains of considerable length. The lexicon attempts to give a comprehensive account of the roughly 850 epithets, bringing together the most relevant information scattered in the scholarly literature and adding others from various sources (literary, epigraphic, lexicographic, scholia etc.) in order to provide an overview of their usage and the main details of their models.
Patrologia Graeca (ed. J.-P. Migne), vol. 92, pp. 1425–1578
Wie wir in Dioskorides den bedeutendsten Pharmakologen des Altertums vor uns haben, so stellt Nik... more Wie wir in Dioskorides den bedeutendsten Pharmakologen des Altertums vor uns haben, so stellt Nikander mit seinen beiden Schriften "Theriaka" und "Alexipharmaka", in denen er uns ausgezeichnete Schilderungen über die Wirkungen zahlreicher Gifte tierischer und pflanzlicher Herkunft giebt und ausführlich die Behandlung der Vergiftungen bespricht, den bedeutendsten Toxikologen des Altertums dar. Niemand, der sich historisch mit der Lehre von den Giften beschäftigen will, kann daher das Studium des Nikander entbehren. Während aber fast alle bedeutenderen medicinischen Autoren des Altertums in deutschen Uebersetzungen vor uns liegen und namentlich erst kürzlich Dioskorides in᾽s Deutsche übertragen worden ist, so waren von Nikander bisher nur verschiedene lateinische Uebersetzungen, sowie eine alte französische aus dem Jahre 1570 und eine italienische von 1764 vorhanden. Alle diese tragen jedoch der Erklärung der Realien wenig oder gar keine Rechnung, so daß sie bei dem heutigen Stande der Wissenschaft eigentlich kaum mehr in Betracht kommen. Und doch ist gerade die Feststellung namentlich der im Texte erwähnten Tiere und Pflanzen, so weit dies überhaupt möglich ist, von wesentlichster Bedeutung und verursacht außerdem die größten Schwierigkeiten bei Benutzung der beiden Schriften des Nikander. Dazu kommt, daß dieselben in Versen geschrieben sind, und zwar die "Theriaka" in 958 und die "Alexipharmaka" in 630 Hexametern, sowie daß der Stil häufig außerordentlich schwer verständlich ist. Daher habe ich mich, einer mir bereits im Jahre 1895 von Herrn Prof. Dr. L. Lewin gegebenen Anregung folgend, entschlossen, die beiden Werke des Nikander in᾽s Deutsche zu übertragen und hoffe, so nicht nur zum Verständnis dieses altgriechischen Arztes, sondern auch zur Erweiterung unserer Kenntnisse von dem Wissen und den Anschauungen des Altertums auf dem Gebiete der Toxikologie beizutragen. Doch zuvor noch einige Worte über das Leben und die Schriften des Nikander.
<seite=0> Dyt boich hait in der hilger stat Zo Coelne uys welsche in duytsch gesat Eyn sympel pri... more <seite=0> Dyt boich hait in der hilger stat Zo Coelne uys welsche in duytsch gesat Eyn sympel priester, Petrus genant, Niet vorder en wilt he sijn bekant Die dat volbraicht hait in dem jaire Doe man tzalte ind schreiff vur ware Nae Cristus geburde vierzienhondert Ind vier ind vierzich ungesondert, Biddende die id hoeren off lesen, Dat sy eme dancber willen wesen Ind sprechen doch myt ynnicheit Vur synen lone der arbeit Eyn pater noster ind ave marie, Up dat yn Got van sunden vrye Ind synre mysdait gar verzije. <seite=1> Ich hain gelesen in der geschricht [1r] Dat de hilge prophete spricht, De genant is Daniel, In syme tzwelfften capittel, De gene de zo der gerechticheit In deser werelde ellendicheit Vil lude onderrichten konnen, Dat in Got des wilt gonnen Dat sij den sterren werden gelijch In dē ewigen hemelrijch. Dar umb, off icht vermochte Ind myn verstentenisse dar zo dochte, Woulde ich in duytzschen gerne beschryven e de den m nnen en den w en, Den armen ind ouch den rijchen, In der werelde alle gelijchen, Beyde den iongen ind den alden, Wie sij sich soelen halden Ind we sij soelen streven Na dem ewelichen leven. Eyn loevelich lerer hait gemacht Eyn welsch boech van groisser acht, Dat den wech der wairheit leert. Och were myn syn nu so ercleert Dat ich volkomelichen moechte Dat gewenden, dat id doechte In duytzscher sprachen zo verstaen, De arbeit woulde ich gerne angaen. Ye doch we vil da an gebricht, [1v] Na dem dat men gemeynlich spricht, So we dat deit alle sijn vermoegen, Da mit sal men sich laissen genoegen, So hain ich up de Gotz genade, Der ich bedarff vroe ind spade, <seite 2> Mich underwonden zo beduden Dat welsch den ungeleerden luden In duytzschen, as ich vor hain gesacht, Van dem da an dat liget de macht, Ind wenich is des hynden bleven: Der syn is sere hie ynne beschreven. Wer nu dar nae wilt hoeren, Der sal op doen synne ind oeren Ind syne gedencke dar na saissen Zo volgen up de rechte straisse, As uns dit boich her nae bescheidt. In welschen id sus an geit: A ceulx de ceste region Qui point ny ont de mansion, Ainsois y sont comme dit saint Pol, Riches, povres, sage ou fol etc. Allen mynschen in der zijt Die sint in alle der werelde wijt, Dae neyman en hait geyne blivende stat, As sent Pauwels gesprochen hait, Sij sijn riich, arm, wijs of doren, In wat kunne staet sij syn geboren, Konynge off ouch konygynnen, [2r] Pilgeryme off pilgerynnen, Wil ich eyns droems gesichte Offenbaren ind berichten, Dat mir in slaiffe is vur komen. Al wachende hain ich wale vernomen, Gesien, gelesen ind wale verstanden Eyn schoen boech, dat in welschen landen Dat welsch der rosen is genant; Ich meyne vurware ind byns bekant Dat mich dat dar zo hait gebracht Den droem zo droemen in der nacht Den ich her na sal ertzellen. Dar umb wille sich mallich stellen Na her bij ind hoeren zoe, Id sij spade of id sij vroe Neyman en trecke den achter hamen, Want id geit uch an alle samen, <seite=3> De groissen mit den cleynen. Ich hoffen ind meynen Yederman soele dar an verstaen Wat weges dat hei soele anvaen, Wilchen hei schuwen soele ind laissen: Der sachen is noet ussermaissen Allen den de doent bedevart In deser werelde swaere ind hart. Nu hoert her na: ich sal begynnen. Na dem ich beste kan besynnen, Soe duchte mich in dem droeme myn [2v] We dat ich were eyn pylgerym Ind hedde den wech bestaen In de stat van Iherusalem zo gaen. Ouch duchte mich so we dat ich In eyme groissen spiegel onmeislich Anschauwede de selve stat Van verren, ind mich duchte dat Na allen mynen synnen Dat aldae en bynnen De straissen, wege ind genge, Sij weren lanck, kurt, breit off enge, Van goulde ind van silver sijn gemacht. Dat fondament dat was gelacht Sere hoge ind dat steynwerck gemeyne Allit van levendigen steyne. De stat was weidelich ind grois, Eyne hoge mure sij umbslois. Da waren wonyngen ind huser vil, Man dreyff aldae manich vreuweden spil. Da was lust aen moyenisse Ind alle walevart sunder droefnisse; Dae hadde slecht mallich sunder krencken So wat hei wonschen mocht of erdencken. Mer sere misquam mir dat Dat yederman in de schone stat Nyet mochte komen zo dē ingange, Want de behoit was harde strenge. Cherubin nam der portzen war <seite=4> Mit eyme vuyrigen swerde bar, [3r] Wale gesliffen, dat zo beiden sijden Scharp was ind nauwe konde snyden Harde gerynge, van snelre kere. Hie hadde behalden ouch de lere Da mit sich zo erweren, Dat yme nyeman mochte deren Mit machte off ouch mit liste, We vil kunste dat hei wiste, Mit bucler off mit swerde Vur yme zo komen sijnre verde, Dar in he en bleve dae doit Off gewunt mit groisser noit. Der vurste ouch selver van der stede, Ee dan he den inganck dede, Bleiff doet na der mynschlicheit De he an sich hadde geleyt: Syn bloit dat leyss he dae geduldich Zo tolle, aen was hey geynen schuldich. Des gelijchs haent ouch gedaen Syne rittere ind kempen na gegaen: Alle haint sij synen kelck gekort Ind haint yre bloit dar umb gestort. Boven der portzen an der tzynnen Sach ich dat wympel der rechter mynnen Hangen geverwet van roden bloede. Doe dachte ich in myn? moede Dat hart were dar in zo komen, Ich en hedde anderen inganck vemomen. Ouch en wart ich nyet gewar [3v] Dat yeman den wech queme aldar: Mallich sich des weder wach As balde hei Cherubin gesach. Dar umb mach he dat vlammende sweert Wale hyn leigen vurwert. Mer as balde ich in dat hoge Gesach ind upsloech myn oege, Do schauwede ich wunderlich gebere, <seite=5> Da van ich wart erveret sere. Sent Augustijn sach ich up der tzynnen Sitzen, ind nae mynen synnen Duchte mich dat hei were Eyn behendich voegelere. Mit yme waren ouch aldae gesessen, Des nyet en steit zo vergessen, Anderre lerere ind meistere vil, Die yme zo dem veder spil Der voegele hulpen manicher wijse, Yn zu geven dranck ind spijse Mit yren guden wercken ind worden, As sij geleert hadde yre orden; Ind durch soissicheit der lerungen, De sij usslachten mit yren tzungen, Wurden vil lude in voegele gewant Ind vloegen upwert altzo hant. Ich ch r w ere n rech ē schynen Vil Carmeliten, Preitger ind Augustynen, Ind ouch de brodere mit den corden, Andere clerckschaff ind geistlich orden, Benedictine, Bernarditen ind Reguliere, [4r] Ind volckes vil van manicher maniere, Bedelere ind willige armen, De alle mit henden ind mit armen Griffen na vederen ind na plumen Soe wa sij da an mochten komen, Dae van sij in vloegele machten Ind vloegen up mit groisser achten Boven Cherubin tzer stat wert in Ind vorten yn des vil de myn. Mer do ich tzer anderre sijden sach, Hoeret wat aldae geschach: Da was volck van groisser kunst, De yren vrunden tzoynten gunst Ind brachten sij in de stat mit listen, Der sij vil ind genoich wisten. Zem yrsten male wart ich gewar <seite=6> Sent Benedictus, de mit synre schar An de mure hadde gericht Eyne groisse leider, dar in geschicht Waren de tzwelff grede der oitmodicheit, Dar mit in groisser vlijssicheit Upwert zo der stat in clummen De synen orden an hadden genomen, Moenche wijs, swartz ind grae, Sunder yemans hynder aldae. Dar na sach ich sent Franciscus, Van dem ich sprechen mach alsus Dat he mit wercken ind mit worden Truwelichen vurderde synen orden. Want also mich gantz bedoecht [4v] Hadde hey eyn seel stijff geknocht Mit knoden ind an de mure gestalt, Da an op clummen junck ind alt De intfangen hadden syn habijt, Sij wurden alles hynders quijt, Ja de sich stijff an de knoden hielten, Want si de stat da mit behielten. Vil anderre ich ouch up der muren sach, Da van ich gentzlichen neit en mach Uch de namen gekunden Ind mit wat listen ind vunden Mallich den synen halp dar bynnen Zo komen oever de hoge tzynnen, Want ich neit vorder en kunde gesien Van al dem dat da mochte geschien Dan an de sij de de vur mir was, Da van ich sagen mach de bas. Eyn doerlijn enge was gesat In die mure van der stat, Dat der furste dan aff dede hoeden In rechticheide overmitz den guden Sente Peter, dem hei den slussel gaff Ind yme beval de meisterschaff. Wale mochte hei yme des betruwen, <seite=7> Want hei neyman dar durch lies duwen Dan alleyne die armen, Der sich got wilt erbarmen; Want id as onmoegelich were, As gesprochen hait got unse here, Dat der rijche queme zo hemel [5r] As durch eynre nailde ouge eyn kemel; Ind umb gedrengs wille der enger doer Dede sich mallich uys dar voer. Dar durch en mochte ouch nyeman gaen, He en hedde weder an gedaen Cleydinge des konynges van dae bynnen, Da mit he ongeletzt mocht wynnen Den inganck zo allen tzijden. Ind mich dede ouch sere verbliden Dat gemeyne vurdel dat ich da sach, Da ich ouch van sprechen mach: So wer sich des vermoede Dat hei willich armoede Mit guden hertzen an sich nam, Dat de wale dar bynnen quam, Sich dae en buyssen zo ontkleiden, Dat alde gewant van yme zo scheiden Umb da en bynnen an zo doen Nuwe cleydinge wijs ind schoen. De sache sal mallich wale behagen, Want neyman en mach sich beclagen, We rijche hei sij op deser erden, He en moge wale lichtlich arm werden. Off he des willentlich begert, So mach he ouch wale sijn gewert Zo komen in de schone stat Da man wirt van vreuweden sat. Id is guyt vasten eyne kurte stunde m n ngen mi llē munde [5v] De spijse ind dranck aldae bereit Van gotlicher vursichticheit. Nu hain ich uch mit kurten worden Van der schoenre stat den orden Ertzalt, we ich der wart gewar <seite=8> In eyme speigel schone ind clair. Ind want ich dar na hain verlangen, So bin ich op den wech gegangen In pilgeryms gewijse da hyn zo tzien, Want mir neit bessers mochte geschien Dan dat ich in de schone veste Mochte komen bij de lieve geste De da ynne sint ind soelen komen: Dat were mir lijfs ind selen vromen. Anderswa hain ich bedacht En vynde ich raste dach noch nacht; Ind were ich in der stat beslossen, Ich bleve dar ewelichen onverdrossen. Ind do dit was alle myn gedanck, Proefte ich zer stunt ind ee yet lanck Dat mir gebrach bedestaff ind male, Der yetlich pilgerym bedarff sere wale. Sus schiede ich us dem huse myn Da ich nuyn maende was beslossen yn Sonder yet dan us zo scheiden, Ind gienck op dat Gotz geleide Umb zo...
Elektronischer Text nach der Ausgabe von Hermann Cardauns Die Chroniken der niederrheinischen Stä... more Elektronischer Text nach der Ausgabe von Hermann Cardauns Die Chroniken der niederrheinischen Städte. Cöln. Bd. II, Die Chroniken der deutschen Städte vom 14. bis ins 16. Jahrhundert, Bd. 13, 1876, 253-638. VI. von Daniel Kölligan [253]
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Antoine Meillet: Regards linguistiques et historiques sur sa vie et son œuvre (Études de Lettres 322), hgg. von Robin Meyer and Sébastien Moret, 9–26., 2023
Summer 2023 MASt Seminar (Friday, June 30), 2023
Grundlegende Kenntnisse über die Geschichte und Vorgeschichte des Lateinischen und seines Zusamm... more Grundlegende Kenntnisse über die Geschichte und Vorgeschichte des Lateinischen und seines Zusammenhangs mit den anderen Sprachen der indogermanischen Sprachfamilie können im altsprachlichen Unterricht nutzbringend vermittelt werden. Sowohl durch Lautwandel bedingte synchrone Irregularitäten wie diejenige im Verhältnis zwischen honor und honestus als auch diachrone Zusammenhänge wie derjenige zwischen lateinischem Iuppiter und dem griechischen Anruf Ζεῦ πάτερ können als Ausgangspunkt für die Betrachtung des Phänomens Sprachwandel allgemein und für die Erörterung spezifischer Veränderungen im Lateinischen genommen werden. Einsichten in diese Prozesse können dabei helfen, Wortschatz- und Formzusammenhänge im Lateinischen besser zu verstehen und zu lernen. Der Vortrag soll dies an ausgewählten Beispielen verdeutlichen.
Homeric unaugmented aorists and imperfects are the oldest verbal forms attested in Greek, which c... more Homeric unaugmented aorists and imperfects are the oldest verbal forms attested in Greek, which continue the so-called Indo-European 'injunctives'. The latter were inflectionally underspecified as regards verbal categories such as tense or mood (Hoffmann 1967; Kiparsky 1968). Thus, the question arises as to how the attitude of the speaker towards the content of his utterance was expressed. The aim of this paper is to investigate the role of epistemic particles co-occurring with injunctives in the Iliad and the Odyssey, focusing in particular on past counterfactual constructions. Crosslinguistic studies have shown that such modal constructions reflect the universal semantic distinction between realis and irrealis (Wierzbicka 1997: 38). Specifically, the data show epistemic particles like ἄρα, δή, που, etc. (cf. Denniston 1954) occurring in the if-clause or protasis, which is usually made of εἰ μὴ + injunctive or past indicative and refers to an actual event in the past for which the outcome is already known. Differently, the main clause or apodosis is always (lexically) marked by the irrealis particle κέν + injunctive or past indicative, as also expected in a typological perspective (Elliott 2000), and refers to a potential event in the past, which in fact never happened (see also Hettrich 1998). The analysis of all the occurrences of such complex constructions shows a not random distribution of those epistemic particles, whose frequency significantly decreases when the protasis has an indicative rather than an injunctive. It might be argued that the use of epistemic particles was initially the only (lexical) means to express the speaker's commitment to the truth of a proposition, while the more recent indicative tensed forms rendered them redundant at a later stage, since the verb was already inflected according to modality. Another piece of evidence in favour of this hypothesis comes from the use of the epistemic verb μέλλω that develops into a periphrastic marker for future tense, especially as a future in the past (cf. Allan 2017). The Homeric poems show most instances of the unaugmented 3SG occurring with an epistemic particle, while there is variation with the augmented form. The remainder of the paper will discuss the development of the various readings of μέλλω in the epic language both in combination with and without epistemics.
The poster for the lecture series “Historical Linguistics and Philology” that took place between ... more The poster for the lecture series “Historical Linguistics and Philology” that took place between March and April 2022 at the UCSC Milan’s Department of Classical Philology, Papyrology and Historical Linguistics (both in person and online).
The first speaker was Prof. Jeremy Rau (Harvard), who gave a lecture on March 14th (2:30-4:30 PM, Milan time) on the topic “Archaism, Innovation, and Modernization in Homeric Language”.
The second speaker was Prof. Daniel Kölligan (Würzburg), who gave a lecture on March 22nd (2:30-4:30 PM, Milan time) on the topic “Conceptual metaphors and historical linguistics – some case studies”.
The third speaker was Prof. Paola Dardano (Siena Stranieri), who gave a lecture on April 4th (2:30-4:30 PM, Milan time) on the topic “Fraseologia ittita e fraseologia indoeuropea: questioni di metodo e prospettive di ricerca”.
The fourth speaker was Prof. José Luis García Ramón (UCSC Milan), who gave a lecture on April 27th (2:30-4:30 PM, Milan time) on the topic “Sui nomi degli dèi in Grecia e Italia antiche: linguistica, filologia, ricostruzione comparativa”.
https://postclassicalgreeknetwork.uni-koeln.de In order to join the network activities and receiv... more https://postclassicalgreeknetwork.uni-koeln.de
In order to join the network activities and receive the Zoom link for attending the 1 st meeting, please sign up to our Postclassical Greek mailing list:
lists.uni-koeln.de/mailman/listinfo/postclassicalgreek-network In case of questions and assistance visit the network website postclassicalgreeknetwork.uni-koeln.de