Kingsley Akhigbe | University of Benin, Benin City , Nigeria. (original) (raw)
Papers by Kingsley Akhigbe
Annals of Biomedical Sciences, 2015
Annals of Biomedical Sciences, Apr 6, 2017
Annals of Biomedical Sciences, 2008
ABSTRACT Sleeping sickness (SS) in the Abraka belt: a preliminary geographical description of the... more ABSTRACT Sleeping sickness (SS) in the Abraka belt: a preliminary geographical description of the disease focus.Annals Biomedical Sciences 2002;1:111-117.This retrospective study provides an analysis of the epidemiological data on Sleeping Sickness (SS) cases between January 1999 and December 2001 at the Baptist Medical Centre (BMC) Eku, Nigeria, as well as a preliminary geographical documentation of the disease focus in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria. Twenty six parasitologically confirmed SS cases by microscopic examination of blood, lymph node aspirate or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)) made up of 14 (53.8%) males and 12 (46.2%) females aged between 0 – 70years (mean 29.88 +18.89), were seen during the period of study. Peak incidence occurred at age 0 – 20 years with 11 (42.3%) cases. There were more males (53.8%) than females (46.2%). Fifteen (57.7%) of the patients had stage I infection with positive results for blood smear and lymph node aspirate microscopy, while 11 (42.3%) had stage II infection with trypanosomes in their CSF. This study reveals that the Abraka Sleeping Sickness focus (ASSF) is a stretch of forested wetland along the margin of the river Ethiope located at the boundary between Edo and Delta States, South South of Nigeria between latitudes 5o 30̀̀ and 6o 30́ North of Equator. It is an area of rainforest vegetation with an average temperature of 27oC, made up of 9 endemic villages namely Eku, Orhuoka, Abraka, Ugono, Kwale Obiaraku, Umuebu, Urhonigbe and Sanubi with an estimated population at risk of 56,851. This update of the epidemiological status of SS in the Abraka belt represents an effort towards the development of control measure against the disease in the area.
Nigerian Medical Practitioner, 2005
Paraphilias are psychiatric disorders of abnormal sexual behaviour that are usually conceptualize... more Paraphilias are psychiatric disorders of abnormal sexual behaviour that are usually conceptualized as deviant in nature. (1). There is a dearth of epidemiological data on the paraphilias for the following reasons: (i) under-reporting due to concealment, (ii) ego-syntonic disposition of the patient to his/her paraphilic practice, and (iii) missed diagnosis when they present. There is a paucity of case reports and controlled therapy outcome studies on the effectiveness of treatment, particularly from sub-Saharan Africa. This necessitated this case report of a 26 year-old male who presented with Depressive disorder and Exhibitionism. He was treated successfully with Clomipramine and Cognitive behaviour therapy techniques. The literature is reviewed with a note on the cultural dimension to this problem. It is suggested that routine prompts and/or questions probing the ‘cause-effect' relationship as well as the associated factors that patients confer on their complaints can go far in revealing hidden psychopathologies. Keywords: Paraphilia, Exhibitionism, Courtship disorders Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol.45(5) 2004: 76-79
Methods: In a case-control study we investigated the “Dutch hunger winter” period from October 19... more Methods: In a case-control study we investigated the “Dutch hunger winter” period from October 1944 to May 1945. 42.292 individuals of native Dutch people were born between 1944 and 1947, 2166 individuals of them were registered with addictive behaviors. The unexposed individuals are born exactly one year after the hunger period. Exposed/unexposed ratios with and without addictive behaviors were analyzed and sex ratios were calculated. All data were quantified as Odds Ratios (ORs).
Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry, 2015
This paper offers a selective literature review of neuroimaging in psychiatry, with the goal of o... more This paper offers a selective literature review of neuroimaging in psychiatry, with the goal of offering a background and a summary of current trends. While not exhaustive, numerous publications are cited in an attempt to provide a reasonable cross-section of research activity in the field of brain imaging in psychiatry and how to overcome the challenges in our setting. There are two different types of neuroimaging of value in clinical psychiatry, namely: structural neuroimaging techniques (e.g., CT, MRI) which provide static images of the skull, and brain, and funnctional neuroimaging techniques (e.g., single photon emission CT [SPECT], positron emission tomography [PET], functional MRI [fMRI], electroencephalography [EEG], magnetoencephalography [MEG]) which provide measures that are directly (MEG, EEG) or indirectly (SPECT, PET, fMRI) related to brain activity. Although neuroimaging is making increasing contributions to mul t iple aspects of clinical psychiatry, including ...
The purpose of this study was to explore the role of age, job experience, educational attainment ... more The purpose of this study was to explore the role of age, job experience, educational attainment and length of marriage in work-family conflict. We employed a cross-sectional survey design in the study . The participants were 181 (173 female and 8 male) nurses selected through the purposive sampling technique among married nursing staff at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital. The mean age was 35.39 years (SD = 8.65, range = 21-59 years). Work-family conflict was assessed using the 9 items measuring the interference between work and family of the Multidimensional Work-Family Conflict Scale. Five hypotheses were tested in the study. Percentages, means, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used for analyses. Results indicated nurses with BSc degree and above manifested significantly lower strain-based conflict than those with Registered Nurses Certificate and Midwife Certificate holders. Furthermore, nurses with BSc degree and above reported significantly lower behav...
Nigerian journal of clinical practice
Brain fag syndrome (BFS) is a culture-bound syndrome that occurs commonly among African people in... more Brain fag syndrome (BFS) is a culture-bound syndrome that occurs commonly among African people involve in intellectual activities like students. The features include intellectual (cognitive) impairment, somatic symptoms, disturbances of affect, and sleepiness. The Psychophysiological Theory identifies the use of stimulants as an etiological basis for the development of BFS; however, few researchers have linked BFS with stimulants use. This study was to determine the prevalence of BFS, investigate whether there was an association between the use of stimulants and BFS and to find out sociodemographic factors that may be associated with BFS. University campus, a cross-sectional study with undergraduate students as respondents. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 500 students, who completed questionnaires consisting socio-demographic characteristics, BFS scale (BFSS), and the stimulant use section of the World Health Organization Questionnaire for Student Drug Use Survey; ...
Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Research, 2009
Chlorpromazine, a phenothiazine antipsychotic, is an old generation major tranquilizer that has r... more Chlorpromazine, a phenothiazine antipsychotic, is an old generation major tranquilizer that has remained relevant in the management of psychosis despite the advent of the newer atypical brands. Priapism, an uncommon urological condition may result from the alphaadrenergic blocking action of antipsychotics. A 46 years old man developed priapism in the course of treatment with chlorpromazine. He was only able to achieve penile detumescence (subsidence or diminution of swelling or erection of the penis) after surgical intervention. Medical practitioners must regard this as a reminder of the possible risk of priapism with the use of chlorpromazine which remains a main line drug in the treatment of agitated patients in developing, low income countries. Caution must therefore be exercised particularly when combining drugs with high affinity for alpha-adrenergic blockade and patients' vulnerability considered whenever possible.
Mammography - Recent Advances, 2012
European Scientific Journal, Apr 29, 2014
Objectives-To investigate the influence of trait anxiety, sex, age and previous dental treatment ... more Objectives-To investigate the influence of trait anxiety, sex, age and previous dental treatment experience on dental anxiety. Design-The study utilised a cross-sectional survey design. Independent variables are trait anxiety, sex, age and dental treatment experience. Dependent variable is dental anxiety. Setting-The dental centre of a teaching hospital in Nigeria. Participants-Data were collected from 255 (115 male and 140 female) respondents selected through purposive sampling technique. The mean age was 28.59 years (SD=10.74 years). Results: This study revealed that respondents with high trait anxiety levels reported significantly higher dental anxiety (t (253) =-5.78, p <.01) than those with low trait anxiety. Male respondents reported significantly lower dental anxiety (t (253) =-3.04, p < .05) than the females. Conclusion: Trait anxiety dispositions and sex are important predictors of dental anxiety and should be taken seriously in the management of dental anxiety at the various secondary care dental centres.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 2014
Colour preference among children has been explored in a variety of populations and cultures. Howe... more Colour preference among children has been explored in a variety of populations and cultures. However, there is scanty research on the psychology of colour and, in particular, colour preference among children in Nigeria. Sixty (60) children (30 males and 30 females) randomly drawn from a population of students of a Montessori School in Ibadan, Nigeria participated in the study. A One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for Repeated Measures Design was used to test five hypotheses stated in the study. Results identified the order of colour preference by the children as red, yellow, tint, white, green, blue, brown and black. Red and yellow were significantly preferred to black. There was significant difference in order of colour among female children, children of age group 9-12 years and children of age group 3-8 years. In conclusion, red and yellow prove to be more stimulating and attractive than any other colour. These findings will be helpful to teaching agencies, and advertising companies and entrepreneurs that major in the production of children materials to know the right colour to use on their products.
This study aimed to determine the occupational-status of patients with delusional halitosis and t... more This study aimed to determine the occupational-status of patients with delusional halitosis and to ascertain the effects of this condition on the subjects’ performance at work (career), social interaction and normal lifestyle. A cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed of delusional halitosis over a period of three years was carried out at the Dental Centre, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. All subjects were administered a standard halitosis questionnaire modified to analyze the effects of the condition on the subjects’ career/work and social interaction and patients’ lifestyle. Sixty-eight (68) cases of delusional halitosis were diagnosed, with a male to female ratio of 3:2. The largest group of patients were males (n=24, 35.3%) within age group 20 to 29 years. Most of the patients were students in secondary and tertiary institutions (n=34, 50.0%), lecturers/teachers (n=8, 11.8%) and traders/business-persons (n=7, 10.3%). The condition interfered with ...
The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal
The purpose of this report is to highlight the association of behavioural disorder as a tell tale... more The purpose of this report is to highlight the association of behavioural disorder as a tell tale sign of frontal cerebral tumor. A case study of a 27 year old female presenting with a 10 month history of behavioural disorder, associated with gradual to complete loss of vision. The case underlines the significance of behavioural changes as an early sign of intracranial tumor, and the need for early diagnosis with CT scan, irrespective of cost and or adversities.
Annals of Biomedical Sciences, 2008
ABSTRACT The diagnosis of anencephaly can be made as clearly as 11 weeks gestation on ultrasound ... more ABSTRACT The diagnosis of anencephaly can be made as clearly as 11 weeks gestation on ultrasound examination. Termination of pregnancy is advised once the diagnosis is made since anencephaly is not compatible with life. This paper is a case report on the ultrasound diagnosis of anencephaly in a full term pregnancy and the psychological implications. Routine ultrasound is advised at least once during each trimester to avoid late presentation of such gross anomalies, and avoid the psychological trauma that follows termination of pregnancy. When diagnosis of anencephaly is made a team consisting of obstetrician, neonatologist, paediatrician, social worker, geneticist and psychiatrist making up the support system should attend to parents of such babies, to follow them up and help them through the period of mourning which accompanies such problems. These parents may need to be provided with long-term support and counseling, regardless of when the baby is born.
Ghana Medical Journal, 2010
Objective: This study evaluated the role of patients' associated oral and extra-oral factors, as ... more Objective: This study evaluated the role of patients' associated oral and extra-oral factors, as well as previous dental treatment, as possible predisposing (triggering) factors in the development delusional halitosis. Method: Forty-six patients diagnosed of delusional halitosis, over a consecutive period of 2 years (2003)(2004) were selected for this study. Diagnosis was based on: use of standard halitosis questionnaire (to confirm the presence of psychological component) modified to obtain data on oral and extra-oral factors, as well as previous dental treatment linked by patients as cause of oral malodour; clinical assessment without objective evidence of oral malodour; absence of reliable third party to confirm patients' claim of oral malodour; and screening with sulphur monitor (RH-17 Series Halimeter, Interscan, Chatsworth, CA) that was within normal range (80-140ppb). Results: All the 46 patients studied had normal halimeter measurement and no reliable third party to confirm the patients' claim of oral malodour. Twenty-four (52.2%) patients had associated possible predisposing factors. The most common associated factors were bitter taste (25.0%), oral deposits (20.8%), carious tooth (16.7%) and previous tooth extraction (16.7%). Associated factors were divided into oral, extra-oral and dental treatment. Patients' associated oral factors were significantly correlated as predisposing factors for delusional halitosis (p<0.01) Conclusion: This study shows significant correlation of patients' associated oral factors as the triggering event, which could predispose those individuals who may have underlying psychosomatic tendencies to developing delusional halitosis.
Benin Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, 2009
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: This study reviewed the prevalence of delusional halitosis and analyzed the f... more ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: This study reviewed the prevalence of delusional halitosis and analyzed the frequency of this condition within the University Community, over a period of three years. METHOD: Sixty- Eight (68) patients with delusional halitosis were diagnosed over a period of three years (2001 to 2003), at Dental Centre, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. RESULTS: Within the University Community; there were 14 (20.6%) cases, with male to female ratio of 2.5: 1. Most patients were students, 13 (19.1%) cases and the largest group was within 20 to 29 years, 12 (17.7%) cases. CONCLUSION: The study suggests an increased level of awareness or an increased prevalence of this condition within the same population. A fifth of the patients were within the University Community; mostly male students who suffered social embarrassment and poor academic performance.
World Journal of Dentistry, 2014
The Nigerian postgraduate medical …, Jan 1, 2003
The information revolution is changing the way medicine is practised globally. Patients can now a... more The information revolution is changing the way medicine is practised globally. Patients can now access the storehouses of knowledge, which hitherto were out of bounds, to acquire, process and use the medical evidence from a variety of sources such as the World Wide Web. The way medicine is being taught is changing. Many medical and dental schools have revised, or are in the process of revising their curricula. The ability to access information resources and apply up to date information, diagnosis and therapeutic protocols to their practice calls for a paradigm shift. Cybermedicine is fast becoming the twenty-first century practice. The challenge is real. If emphasis is being placed on fluency with information technology in the developed countries, learning to use the computer remains, in our opinion, the place to start from in the developing countries.
Quality of Life Research, Jan 1, 2005
Annals of Biomedical Sciences, 2015
Annals of Biomedical Sciences, Apr 6, 2017
Annals of Biomedical Sciences, 2008
ABSTRACT Sleeping sickness (SS) in the Abraka belt: a preliminary geographical description of the... more ABSTRACT Sleeping sickness (SS) in the Abraka belt: a preliminary geographical description of the disease focus.Annals Biomedical Sciences 2002;1:111-117.This retrospective study provides an analysis of the epidemiological data on Sleeping Sickness (SS) cases between January 1999 and December 2001 at the Baptist Medical Centre (BMC) Eku, Nigeria, as well as a preliminary geographical documentation of the disease focus in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria. Twenty six parasitologically confirmed SS cases by microscopic examination of blood, lymph node aspirate or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)) made up of 14 (53.8%) males and 12 (46.2%) females aged between 0 – 70years (mean 29.88 +18.89), were seen during the period of study. Peak incidence occurred at age 0 – 20 years with 11 (42.3%) cases. There were more males (53.8%) than females (46.2%). Fifteen (57.7%) of the patients had stage I infection with positive results for blood smear and lymph node aspirate microscopy, while 11 (42.3%) had stage II infection with trypanosomes in their CSF. This study reveals that the Abraka Sleeping Sickness focus (ASSF) is a stretch of forested wetland along the margin of the river Ethiope located at the boundary between Edo and Delta States, South South of Nigeria between latitudes 5o 30̀̀ and 6o 30́ North of Equator. It is an area of rainforest vegetation with an average temperature of 27oC, made up of 9 endemic villages namely Eku, Orhuoka, Abraka, Ugono, Kwale Obiaraku, Umuebu, Urhonigbe and Sanubi with an estimated population at risk of 56,851. This update of the epidemiological status of SS in the Abraka belt represents an effort towards the development of control measure against the disease in the area.
Nigerian Medical Practitioner, 2005
Paraphilias are psychiatric disorders of abnormal sexual behaviour that are usually conceptualize... more Paraphilias are psychiatric disorders of abnormal sexual behaviour that are usually conceptualized as deviant in nature. (1). There is a dearth of epidemiological data on the paraphilias for the following reasons: (i) under-reporting due to concealment, (ii) ego-syntonic disposition of the patient to his/her paraphilic practice, and (iii) missed diagnosis when they present. There is a paucity of case reports and controlled therapy outcome studies on the effectiveness of treatment, particularly from sub-Saharan Africa. This necessitated this case report of a 26 year-old male who presented with Depressive disorder and Exhibitionism. He was treated successfully with Clomipramine and Cognitive behaviour therapy techniques. The literature is reviewed with a note on the cultural dimension to this problem. It is suggested that routine prompts and/or questions probing the ‘cause-effect' relationship as well as the associated factors that patients confer on their complaints can go far in revealing hidden psychopathologies. Keywords: Paraphilia, Exhibitionism, Courtship disorders Nigerian Medical Practitioner Vol.45(5) 2004: 76-79
Methods: In a case-control study we investigated the “Dutch hunger winter” period from October 19... more Methods: In a case-control study we investigated the “Dutch hunger winter” period from October 1944 to May 1945. 42.292 individuals of native Dutch people were born between 1944 and 1947, 2166 individuals of them were registered with addictive behaviors. The unexposed individuals are born exactly one year after the hunger period. Exposed/unexposed ratios with and without addictive behaviors were analyzed and sex ratios were calculated. All data were quantified as Odds Ratios (ORs).
Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry, 2015
This paper offers a selective literature review of neuroimaging in psychiatry, with the goal of o... more This paper offers a selective literature review of neuroimaging in psychiatry, with the goal of offering a background and a summary of current trends. While not exhaustive, numerous publications are cited in an attempt to provide a reasonable cross-section of research activity in the field of brain imaging in psychiatry and how to overcome the challenges in our setting. There are two different types of neuroimaging of value in clinical psychiatry, namely: structural neuroimaging techniques (e.g., CT, MRI) which provide static images of the skull, and brain, and funnctional neuroimaging techniques (e.g., single photon emission CT [SPECT], positron emission tomography [PET], functional MRI [fMRI], electroencephalography [EEG], magnetoencephalography [MEG]) which provide measures that are directly (MEG, EEG) or indirectly (SPECT, PET, fMRI) related to brain activity. Although neuroimaging is making increasing contributions to mul t iple aspects of clinical psychiatry, including ...
The purpose of this study was to explore the role of age, job experience, educational attainment ... more The purpose of this study was to explore the role of age, job experience, educational attainment and length of marriage in work-family conflict. We employed a cross-sectional survey design in the study . The participants were 181 (173 female and 8 male) nurses selected through the purposive sampling technique among married nursing staff at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital. The mean age was 35.39 years (SD = 8.65, range = 21-59 years). Work-family conflict was assessed using the 9 items measuring the interference between work and family of the Multidimensional Work-Family Conflict Scale. Five hypotheses were tested in the study. Percentages, means, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA were used for analyses. Results indicated nurses with BSc degree and above manifested significantly lower strain-based conflict than those with Registered Nurses Certificate and Midwife Certificate holders. Furthermore, nurses with BSc degree and above reported significantly lower behav...
Nigerian journal of clinical practice
Brain fag syndrome (BFS) is a culture-bound syndrome that occurs commonly among African people in... more Brain fag syndrome (BFS) is a culture-bound syndrome that occurs commonly among African people involve in intellectual activities like students. The features include intellectual (cognitive) impairment, somatic symptoms, disturbances of affect, and sleepiness. The Psychophysiological Theory identifies the use of stimulants as an etiological basis for the development of BFS; however, few researchers have linked BFS with stimulants use. This study was to determine the prevalence of BFS, investigate whether there was an association between the use of stimulants and BFS and to find out sociodemographic factors that may be associated with BFS. University campus, a cross-sectional study with undergraduate students as respondents. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 500 students, who completed questionnaires consisting socio-demographic characteristics, BFS scale (BFSS), and the stimulant use section of the World Health Organization Questionnaire for Student Drug Use Survey; ...
Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Research, 2009
Chlorpromazine, a phenothiazine antipsychotic, is an old generation major tranquilizer that has r... more Chlorpromazine, a phenothiazine antipsychotic, is an old generation major tranquilizer that has remained relevant in the management of psychosis despite the advent of the newer atypical brands. Priapism, an uncommon urological condition may result from the alphaadrenergic blocking action of antipsychotics. A 46 years old man developed priapism in the course of treatment with chlorpromazine. He was only able to achieve penile detumescence (subsidence or diminution of swelling or erection of the penis) after surgical intervention. Medical practitioners must regard this as a reminder of the possible risk of priapism with the use of chlorpromazine which remains a main line drug in the treatment of agitated patients in developing, low income countries. Caution must therefore be exercised particularly when combining drugs with high affinity for alpha-adrenergic blockade and patients' vulnerability considered whenever possible.
Mammography - Recent Advances, 2012
European Scientific Journal, Apr 29, 2014
Objectives-To investigate the influence of trait anxiety, sex, age and previous dental treatment ... more Objectives-To investigate the influence of trait anxiety, sex, age and previous dental treatment experience on dental anxiety. Design-The study utilised a cross-sectional survey design. Independent variables are trait anxiety, sex, age and dental treatment experience. Dependent variable is dental anxiety. Setting-The dental centre of a teaching hospital in Nigeria. Participants-Data were collected from 255 (115 male and 140 female) respondents selected through purposive sampling technique. The mean age was 28.59 years (SD=10.74 years). Results: This study revealed that respondents with high trait anxiety levels reported significantly higher dental anxiety (t (253) =-5.78, p <.01) than those with low trait anxiety. Male respondents reported significantly lower dental anxiety (t (253) =-3.04, p < .05) than the females. Conclusion: Trait anxiety dispositions and sex are important predictors of dental anxiety and should be taken seriously in the management of dental anxiety at the various secondary care dental centres.
Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 2014
Colour preference among children has been explored in a variety of populations and cultures. Howe... more Colour preference among children has been explored in a variety of populations and cultures. However, there is scanty research on the psychology of colour and, in particular, colour preference among children in Nigeria. Sixty (60) children (30 males and 30 females) randomly drawn from a population of students of a Montessori School in Ibadan, Nigeria participated in the study. A One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for Repeated Measures Design was used to test five hypotheses stated in the study. Results identified the order of colour preference by the children as red, yellow, tint, white, green, blue, brown and black. Red and yellow were significantly preferred to black. There was significant difference in order of colour among female children, children of age group 9-12 years and children of age group 3-8 years. In conclusion, red and yellow prove to be more stimulating and attractive than any other colour. These findings will be helpful to teaching agencies, and advertising companies and entrepreneurs that major in the production of children materials to know the right colour to use on their products.
This study aimed to determine the occupational-status of patients with delusional halitosis and t... more This study aimed to determine the occupational-status of patients with delusional halitosis and to ascertain the effects of this condition on the subjects’ performance at work (career), social interaction and normal lifestyle. A cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed of delusional halitosis over a period of three years was carried out at the Dental Centre, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. All subjects were administered a standard halitosis questionnaire modified to analyze the effects of the condition on the subjects’ career/work and social interaction and patients’ lifestyle. Sixty-eight (68) cases of delusional halitosis were diagnosed, with a male to female ratio of 3:2. The largest group of patients were males (n=24, 35.3%) within age group 20 to 29 years. Most of the patients were students in secondary and tertiary institutions (n=34, 50.0%), lecturers/teachers (n=8, 11.8%) and traders/business-persons (n=7, 10.3%). The condition interfered with ...
The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal
The purpose of this report is to highlight the association of behavioural disorder as a tell tale... more The purpose of this report is to highlight the association of behavioural disorder as a tell tale sign of frontal cerebral tumor. A case study of a 27 year old female presenting with a 10 month history of behavioural disorder, associated with gradual to complete loss of vision. The case underlines the significance of behavioural changes as an early sign of intracranial tumor, and the need for early diagnosis with CT scan, irrespective of cost and or adversities.
Annals of Biomedical Sciences, 2008
ABSTRACT The diagnosis of anencephaly can be made as clearly as 11 weeks gestation on ultrasound ... more ABSTRACT The diagnosis of anencephaly can be made as clearly as 11 weeks gestation on ultrasound examination. Termination of pregnancy is advised once the diagnosis is made since anencephaly is not compatible with life. This paper is a case report on the ultrasound diagnosis of anencephaly in a full term pregnancy and the psychological implications. Routine ultrasound is advised at least once during each trimester to avoid late presentation of such gross anomalies, and avoid the psychological trauma that follows termination of pregnancy. When diagnosis of anencephaly is made a team consisting of obstetrician, neonatologist, paediatrician, social worker, geneticist and psychiatrist making up the support system should attend to parents of such babies, to follow them up and help them through the period of mourning which accompanies such problems. These parents may need to be provided with long-term support and counseling, regardless of when the baby is born.
Ghana Medical Journal, 2010
Objective: This study evaluated the role of patients' associated oral and extra-oral factors, as ... more Objective: This study evaluated the role of patients' associated oral and extra-oral factors, as well as previous dental treatment, as possible predisposing (triggering) factors in the development delusional halitosis. Method: Forty-six patients diagnosed of delusional halitosis, over a consecutive period of 2 years (2003)(2004) were selected for this study. Diagnosis was based on: use of standard halitosis questionnaire (to confirm the presence of psychological component) modified to obtain data on oral and extra-oral factors, as well as previous dental treatment linked by patients as cause of oral malodour; clinical assessment without objective evidence of oral malodour; absence of reliable third party to confirm patients' claim of oral malodour; and screening with sulphur monitor (RH-17 Series Halimeter, Interscan, Chatsworth, CA) that was within normal range (80-140ppb). Results: All the 46 patients studied had normal halimeter measurement and no reliable third party to confirm the patients' claim of oral malodour. Twenty-four (52.2%) patients had associated possible predisposing factors. The most common associated factors were bitter taste (25.0%), oral deposits (20.8%), carious tooth (16.7%) and previous tooth extraction (16.7%). Associated factors were divided into oral, extra-oral and dental treatment. Patients' associated oral factors were significantly correlated as predisposing factors for delusional halitosis (p<0.01) Conclusion: This study shows significant correlation of patients' associated oral factors as the triggering event, which could predispose those individuals who may have underlying psychosomatic tendencies to developing delusional halitosis.
Benin Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, 2009
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: This study reviewed the prevalence of delusional halitosis and analyzed the f... more ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: This study reviewed the prevalence of delusional halitosis and analyzed the frequency of this condition within the University Community, over a period of three years. METHOD: Sixty- Eight (68) patients with delusional halitosis were diagnosed over a period of three years (2001 to 2003), at Dental Centre, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. RESULTS: Within the University Community; there were 14 (20.6%) cases, with male to female ratio of 2.5: 1. Most patients were students, 13 (19.1%) cases and the largest group was within 20 to 29 years, 12 (17.7%) cases. CONCLUSION: The study suggests an increased level of awareness or an increased prevalence of this condition within the same population. A fifth of the patients were within the University Community; mostly male students who suffered social embarrassment and poor academic performance.
World Journal of Dentistry, 2014
The Nigerian postgraduate medical …, Jan 1, 2003
The information revolution is changing the way medicine is practised globally. Patients can now a... more The information revolution is changing the way medicine is practised globally. Patients can now access the storehouses of knowledge, which hitherto were out of bounds, to acquire, process and use the medical evidence from a variety of sources such as the World Wide Web. The way medicine is being taught is changing. Many medical and dental schools have revised, or are in the process of revising their curricula. The ability to access information resources and apply up to date information, diagnosis and therapeutic protocols to their practice calls for a paradigm shift. Cybermedicine is fast becoming the twenty-first century practice. The challenge is real. If emphasis is being placed on fluency with information technology in the developed countries, learning to use the computer remains, in our opinion, the place to start from in the developing countries.
Quality of Life Research, Jan 1, 2005