Babatunde Lawal | University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria. (original) (raw)

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Phragmanthera capitata, Haematological parameters, Lorantheceae Phragmanthera capitata is a mistl... more Phragmanthera capitata, Haematological parameters, Lorantheceae Phragmanthera capitata is a mistletoe plant implicated in Cameroon folkloric medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of aqueous extract of whole plant in haematological parameters of Wistar rats. Healthy rats of either sex were randomized into 4 groups of 7 rats each. Group I (control) received 10 ml/kg saline; Groups II-IV (tests) received 100, 300 and 600 mg/kg aqueous extract of Phragmanthera capitata (AEPC) respectively per oral for 26 days. Weights of liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs and heart were measured. Blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture under mild chloroform anaesthesia and complete blood count was performed. Data collected were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keule test as post hoc at probability level of 0.05. There was no significant change (P >0.05) in mean weights of visceral organs. In haemoglobin count, significant increase (P <0.05) was observed in the group treated with 100 mg/kg extract which led to corresponding increase in packed cell volume (PCV) as compared to control. Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) showed significant (P <0.05) increased in group treated with 300 mg/kg extract. Consequently, aqueous extract of P. capitata has potentiating activities in haemopoietic function.

Aims: Garcinia kola is used in West African countries for the treatment of various ailments such ... more Aims: Garcinia kola is used in West African countries for the treatment of various ailments such as cough, tooth decay, asthma and menstrual cramps. The inhibitory effect of Garcinia kola seed extract (GKE) on drug-induced contractions was studied on iliac smooth muscle preparations of guinea pig to ascertain the validity of the use of Garcinia kola in traditional medicine and to elucidate its possible mechanism of action. Place and Duration of Study: The study was done in Post Methodology: The antispasmodic influence of GKE (0.02 -1 mg/ml) on acetylcholine, histamine and potassium chloride -induced contractions were carried out. The effect of GKE in a Ca 2+ -free Tyrode medium and in the presence of adrenergic antagonists was also investigated.

European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 2015

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacology, 2014

Aqueous root extract of Salacia lehmbachii (ARESL) has been implicated in preterm usage by herbal... more Aqueous root extract of Salacia lehmbachii (ARESL) has been implicated in preterm usage by herbalists in South Eastern Nigeria. Consequently, the extract, thought used in other ailment like malaria fever, is prohibited in normal pregnancy situation. The present study was aimed at investigating effects of ARESL on activities of uterine muscle strips isolated from non-gravid, oestrogen-primed Wistar rats. Uterine muscle strips were prepared and mounted in an organ bath with aerated De-Jalon's solution maintained at 36 ± 1 C. Dose-response relationships for oxytocin (OT) and acetylcholine (ACh) constituting uterotonic (contractile) agents were studied isometrically in the presence and absence of fixed concentrations of ARESL (0 25 × 10 −2 and 0 5 × 10 −2 mg/ml). Similarly, salbutamol (SBL) and verapamil (VER) controls were investigated in the presence of uterotonic agents and the effects compared with those of the extract. Effects of extract on amplitude and frequency and on maximum achievable response (E max and concentration which inhibited 50% of maximum response (IC 50 were also assessed. Data was computed by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey test as post hoc. ARESL at a concentration of 0 5×10 −2 mg/ml significantly (P < 0 01) reduced E max of OT from 1 22±0 20 to 0 30±0 02 g and that of ACh from 1 45 ± 0 43 to 0 28 ± 0 11. Frequency of contractions was equally reduced. Hence, ARESL is a nonspecific uterine smooth muscle contractile antagonist with very high affinity for receptors with no efficacy. This, undoubtedly, explains why folkloric medicine uses the extract in situations of threatened abortion.

Phragmanthera capitata is parasitic plant (mistletoe) that colonizes many plants including avocad... more Phragmanthera capitata is parasitic plant (mistletoe) that colonizes many plants including avocado trees. The whole plant infusion/decoction is used in Cameroon folk medicine to relief fever and abdominal pain. This study was aimed at assessing anti-pyretic and analgesic potentials of aqueous extract of Phragmanthera capitata (AEPC) in Wistar rats at doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight. To assess anti-pyretic potential; 2, 4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and turpentine were used to induce pyrexia with standard drug being diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg). To assess peripheral analgesic effect, acetic acidinduced writhing test was used. To assess central analgesic potential, formalin-induced licking test was used with standard drug being pethidine (5 mg/kg). Data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey test used as post hoc. In DNP-induced pyrexia, results revealed that AEPC at 200 and 300 mg/kg significantly (P <0.05 and P <0.01) reduced rat body temperature by 0.80±0.02 and 1.20±0.10 O C respectively as compared to 0.90±0.05 O C for standard drug. In turpentine induced pyrexia, same inhibition trend was shown as in DNP induced pyrexia. In peripheral analgesic activity, AEPC (300 mg/kg) maximally inhibited (P <0.05) number of writhes to 4.25±0.10 as compared to 9.27±0.51 for standard drug and 31.50±2.32 for control. In central analgesic activity, the number of licks was reduced to 4.99±0.13 as compared to 4.21±0.09 for standard drug and 39.25±3.13 for control. Therefore, AEPC possesses enormous anti-pyretic and analgesic properties in a dose-dependent manner. These properties corroborate the extract being used in Cameroon folk medicine to relief fever and abdominal pain.

Phragmanthera capitata, Haematological parameters, Lorantheceae Phragmanthera capitata is a mistl... more Phragmanthera capitata, Haematological parameters, Lorantheceae Phragmanthera capitata is a mistletoe plant implicated in Cameroon folkloric medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of aqueous extract of whole plant in haematological parameters of Wistar rats. Healthy rats of either sex were randomized into 4 groups of 7 rats each. Group I (control) received 10 ml/kg saline; Groups II-IV (tests) received 100, 300 and 600 mg/kg aqueous extract of Phragmanthera capitata (AEPC) respectively per oral for 26 days. Weights of liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs and heart were measured. Blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture under mild chloroform anaesthesia and complete blood count was performed. Data collected were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Newman-Keule test as post hoc at probability level of 0.05. There was no significant change (P >0.05) in mean weights of visceral organs. In haemoglobin count, significant increase (P <0.05) was observed in the group treated with 100 mg/kg extract which led to corresponding increase in packed cell volume (PCV) as compared to control. Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) showed significant (P <0.05) increased in group treated with 300 mg/kg extract. Consequently, aqueous extract of P. capitata has potentiating activities in haemopoietic function.

Aims: Garcinia kola is used in West African countries for the treatment of various ailments such ... more Aims: Garcinia kola is used in West African countries for the treatment of various ailments such as cough, tooth decay, asthma and menstrual cramps. The inhibitory effect of Garcinia kola seed extract (GKE) on drug-induced contractions was studied on iliac smooth muscle preparations of guinea pig to ascertain the validity of the use of Garcinia kola in traditional medicine and to elucidate its possible mechanism of action. Place and Duration of Study: The study was done in Post Methodology: The antispasmodic influence of GKE (0.02 -1 mg/ml) on acetylcholine, histamine and potassium chloride -induced contractions were carried out. The effect of GKE in a Ca 2+ -free Tyrode medium and in the presence of adrenergic antagonists was also investigated.

European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 2015

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacology, 2014

Aqueous root extract of Salacia lehmbachii (ARESL) has been implicated in preterm usage by herbal... more Aqueous root extract of Salacia lehmbachii (ARESL) has been implicated in preterm usage by herbalists in South Eastern Nigeria. Consequently, the extract, thought used in other ailment like malaria fever, is prohibited in normal pregnancy situation. The present study was aimed at investigating effects of ARESL on activities of uterine muscle strips isolated from non-gravid, oestrogen-primed Wistar rats. Uterine muscle strips were prepared and mounted in an organ bath with aerated De-Jalon's solution maintained at 36 ± 1 C. Dose-response relationships for oxytocin (OT) and acetylcholine (ACh) constituting uterotonic (contractile) agents were studied isometrically in the presence and absence of fixed concentrations of ARESL (0 25 × 10 −2 and 0 5 × 10 −2 mg/ml). Similarly, salbutamol (SBL) and verapamil (VER) controls were investigated in the presence of uterotonic agents and the effects compared with those of the extract. Effects of extract on amplitude and frequency and on maximum achievable response (E max and concentration which inhibited 50% of maximum response (IC 50 were also assessed. Data was computed by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey test as post hoc. ARESL at a concentration of 0 5×10 −2 mg/ml significantly (P < 0 01) reduced E max of OT from 1 22±0 20 to 0 30±0 02 g and that of ACh from 1 45 ± 0 43 to 0 28 ± 0 11. Frequency of contractions was equally reduced. Hence, ARESL is a nonspecific uterine smooth muscle contractile antagonist with very high affinity for receptors with no efficacy. This, undoubtedly, explains why folkloric medicine uses the extract in situations of threatened abortion.

Phragmanthera capitata is parasitic plant (mistletoe) that colonizes many plants including avocad... more Phragmanthera capitata is parasitic plant (mistletoe) that colonizes many plants including avocado trees. The whole plant infusion/decoction is used in Cameroon folk medicine to relief fever and abdominal pain. This study was aimed at assessing anti-pyretic and analgesic potentials of aqueous extract of Phragmanthera capitata (AEPC) in Wistar rats at doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight. To assess anti-pyretic potential; 2, 4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and turpentine were used to induce pyrexia with standard drug being diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg). To assess peripheral analgesic effect, acetic acidinduced writhing test was used. To assess central analgesic potential, formalin-induced licking test was used with standard drug being pethidine (5 mg/kg). Data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey test used as post hoc. In DNP-induced pyrexia, results revealed that AEPC at 200 and 300 mg/kg significantly (P <0.05 and P <0.01) reduced rat body temperature by 0.80±0.02 and 1.20±0.10 O C respectively as compared to 0.90±0.05 O C for standard drug. In turpentine induced pyrexia, same inhibition trend was shown as in DNP induced pyrexia. In peripheral analgesic activity, AEPC (300 mg/kg) maximally inhibited (P <0.05) number of writhes to 4.25±0.10 as compared to 9.27±0.51 for standard drug and 31.50±2.32 for control. In central analgesic activity, the number of licks was reduced to 4.99±0.13 as compared to 4.21±0.09 for standard drug and 39.25±3.13 for control. Therefore, AEPC possesses enormous anti-pyretic and analgesic properties in a dose-dependent manner. These properties corroborate the extract being used in Cameroon folk medicine to relief fever and abdominal pain.