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Papers by Arinzechukwu J . Okpara
European Journal of Business and Management ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online) Vol.12, No.4, 2020 , 2020
Most entrepreneurs moves from one entrepreneurial activities to another, as a result of not be re... more Most entrepreneurs moves from one entrepreneurial activities to another, as a result of not be resourceful in their present activity, meanwhile where they are abandoning possesses much better opportunity for their expansion and growth. The point that the study is trying to buttress are those factors responsible to the growth of the entrepreneurs in their activities without leaving their present business or activities for another. Challenges faced by entrepreneurs in their businesses, are more or less similar in nature but varies in their scope. A research questions which includes the roles of fund availability, idea and customer patronage plays in the growth of entrepreneurs in
In this study, we examine the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the financial performa... more In this study, we examine the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the financial performance of Nigerian listed deposit banks. We collected secondary data from the annual reports and accounts of 14 banks between 2010 and 2017. We employed the Tobin Q quantitative method for the analysis. We adopted the theoretical framework of pecking order theory since the analysis of the impact of FDI on the financial performance of these banks are both inward and outward FDI. The Tobin Q method was used as the dependent variable and FDI as an independent variable. Board size, firm size, equity capital and reinvested earnings were all financial performance indicators employed to test the impact of FDI on the financial performance of the banks on understudy in Nigeria. The result of the data analysis and findings showed that FDI had contributed positively to the development and performance of the deposit banks over the period under consideration. Our theoretical findings suggest a positive relationship between FDI and profit maximization. This support the FDI theory that banks or organisations are financed partly with debt-equity, both used by the banks to balance the cost and benefit financing decisions by the management. In the case of the empirical findings, the results of hypothesis testing show a significant effect on the banks" financial performances. Given these results, we conclude that FDI has made a positive impact on the development and financial performances of the listed deposit banks under study which resulted in some of the banks" growth from local banks in Nigeria into some of the leading international banks in Africa.
Journal of Business Administration Research, Jun 1, 2022
Retention is one of the biggest challenges for today's organizations especially in private second... more Retention is one of the biggest challenges for today's organizations especially in private secondary schools where there is a high exodus of teachers. The rate of turnover among private secondary school teachers is on the increase; this situation is not only catastrophic to the school but to the entire education system as the quality of education is determined by the quality of the teachers. The fact that teachers are liable for educating, forming and shaping the students who are regarded as the country's future leaders, it is fundamental that their employers create programmes that would make these teachers feel connected to their work environment so that they would want to be retained. This study aimed to examine the role of spirituality and work-family enrichment on employee retention. A survey was conducted on 336 teachers of private secondary schools in Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State. Matter-formism and Role expansion theories were used to explain the relationship that exists between the variables. Using SPSS version 22, results from regression analysis showed a strong positive significant relationship between the variables indicating that increase in meaningfulness at work would lead to high retention. Further analysis testing mediating relationship revealed a positive relationship between spirituality dimensions and retention. Conclusion showed a statistically significant relationship between meaningfulness at work and employee retention when work-family enrichment is used as a mediator. It was recommended that the organizations should enrich the work content of employees; pay more attention on work activities that would enrich family life and create an environment of mutual trust where employees would have a deep connection with one another; as these would make the employees happier, satisfied and remain with the organization.
Open Journal of Business and Management, 2021
Currently e-commerce has developed to be a vital part of business activities and our daily lives.... more Currently e-commerce has developed to be a vital part of business activities and our daily lives. The effects of globalization and swift developments are experienced in information and technology level of e-commerce. Tax administrators in Nigeria are being confronted with myriads of challenges and difficulties adapting to the new information technology, "digitalization". They aimed at examining the effect of adoption of e-taxation on revenue generation in Nigeria on social media companies operating in Nigeria's Internet domain. The study adopted a causal research design. This is a design which explores the effect of one variable on another. The study revealed that an element of change in the standard regulations among the tax authority (FIRS) for about 5.221, will give way for benefits of revenue generation within social media companies operating in Nigeria's Internet domain, which explains that FIRS faces challenges on modalities of taxing online companies and they can do more by implementing policies in consonant with social media companies in Nigeria. The study concludes that the country's major challenge of e-commerce as it relates to its tax system has been that the laws governing direct taxes are at the moment inadequate and out of date; they are premised on the concept of permanent establishment as defined in the double tax treaties and recommend that efforts should be made to set up a tax intermediation body. This body ought to be relevant for the digital world, utilize Internet Service Providers (ISPs) as a responsible authority for the collection, calculation and payment of electronic tax.
Open Access, 2022
Retention is one of the biggest challenges for today's organizations especially in private second... more Retention is one of the biggest challenges for today's organizations especially in private secondary schools where there is a high exodus of teachers. The rate of turnover among private companies is on the increase; this situation is not only catastrophic to the manufacturing companies but small business, quality of services is determined by the quality of the staff. The fact that employee are liable to work, there are certain things they should also do to be within the community they work, it is fundamental that their employers create programmes that would make them feel connected to their work environment so that they would want to be retained. This study aimed to examine the role of sense of community and work-family enrichment on employee retention. A survey was conducted on 80 staff recruited by Juhoari enterprise and consulting services in Jos Plateau State. Matter-formism theory was used to explain the relationship that exists between the variables. Using SPSS version 26, results from regression analysis showed a strong positive significant relationship between the variables indicating that increase in sense of community would lead to high retention. Further analysis testing mediating relationship revealed a positive relationship between sense of community and retention. Conclusion showed a statistically significant relationship between sense of community and employee retention when work-family enrichment is used as a mediator. It was recommended that the organizations should enrich the work content of employees; pay more attention on work activities that would enrich family life and create an environment of mutual trust where employees would have a deep connection with one another; as these would make the employees happier, satisfied and remain with the organization.
Arinzechukwu Okpara Jude, 2019
Entrepreneurship education has been considered to be of critical importance in todays economy due... more Entrepreneurship education has been considered to be of critical importance in todays economy due to the fact that it is a catalyst for economic growth and development. This research study is on the role of entrepreneurship education as a panacea for poverty alleviation: Jos North Local Government Area, Plateau State; and the research questions, objectives and hypothesis served as a guide for the study too be carried out. A descriptive design approach was employed for this study and a sample size of 240 students were selected at random from the population. The questionnaire administered were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, SPSS test analysis was also used in testing the hypotheses. The findings from this study would add interesting knowledge to the existing literature where teaching of entrepreneurship is concerned. The study found out that teaching entrepreneurship goes beyond theory, practice is the most important aspect of entrepreneurship and it is a continuous process of learning; for entrepreneurship education to really yield result in Jos North Local Government Area, the university has to teach entrepreneurship beyond one compulsory course; the study recommended that further extensive teaching of entrepreneurship should be available to all students in Tertiary Institutions.
Thesis Chapters by Arinzechukwu J . Okpara
Arinzechukwu J. Okpara, 2019
The study examined the Nigeria economic diplomacy and development in relations with conduct of Ni... more The study examined the Nigeria economic diplomacy and development in relations with conduct of Nigeria’s external relationships. The broad objective of this study was to examine how the use of economic diplomacy helped in development of Nigeria and the implication for sustainable development of Nigeria. The central focus of this study was that the use of economic diplomacy in the conduct of Nigeria’s external relations is pronounced each time the political leadership is desperately pursuing received development model from advanced capitalist economies. The study makes use of secondary source of data collection and hence, relied more on library materials and relevant primary documents from the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Nigerian Institute of International Affairs. Content analysis of texts, journals, seminars/conference papers, official publications, magazines, newspapers and other published and unpublished materials were effectively utilized. the study revealed that economic diplomacy and Development did not reduce the incidence of unemployment in Nigeria. Again, the study revealed that economic diplomacy and Development remarkably enhanced the inflow of foreign direct investment from advanced capitalist economies to Nigeria. Finally, the study revealed that the Development Strategy was responsible for the debt relief extended to Nigeria by international financial institutions. The study recommended among others, a pro-active foreign policy of economic diplomacy that will enhance sustainable development of Nigeria through efficient and effective leaders.
European Journal of Business and Management ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online) Vol.12, No.4, 2020 , 2020
Most entrepreneurs moves from one entrepreneurial activities to another, as a result of not be re... more Most entrepreneurs moves from one entrepreneurial activities to another, as a result of not be resourceful in their present activity, meanwhile where they are abandoning possesses much better opportunity for their expansion and growth. The point that the study is trying to buttress are those factors responsible to the growth of the entrepreneurs in their activities without leaving their present business or activities for another. Challenges faced by entrepreneurs in their businesses, are more or less similar in nature but varies in their scope. A research questions which includes the roles of fund availability, idea and customer patronage plays in the growth of entrepreneurs in
In this study, we examine the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the financial performa... more In this study, we examine the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the financial performance of Nigerian listed deposit banks. We collected secondary data from the annual reports and accounts of 14 banks between 2010 and 2017. We employed the Tobin Q quantitative method for the analysis. We adopted the theoretical framework of pecking order theory since the analysis of the impact of FDI on the financial performance of these banks are both inward and outward FDI. The Tobin Q method was used as the dependent variable and FDI as an independent variable. Board size, firm size, equity capital and reinvested earnings were all financial performance indicators employed to test the impact of FDI on the financial performance of the banks on understudy in Nigeria. The result of the data analysis and findings showed that FDI had contributed positively to the development and performance of the deposit banks over the period under consideration. Our theoretical findings suggest a positive relationship between FDI and profit maximization. This support the FDI theory that banks or organisations are financed partly with debt-equity, both used by the banks to balance the cost and benefit financing decisions by the management. In the case of the empirical findings, the results of hypothesis testing show a significant effect on the banks" financial performances. Given these results, we conclude that FDI has made a positive impact on the development and financial performances of the listed deposit banks under study which resulted in some of the banks" growth from local banks in Nigeria into some of the leading international banks in Africa.
Journal of Business Administration Research, Jun 1, 2022
Retention is one of the biggest challenges for today's organizations especially in private second... more Retention is one of the biggest challenges for today's organizations especially in private secondary schools where there is a high exodus of teachers. The rate of turnover among private secondary school teachers is on the increase; this situation is not only catastrophic to the school but to the entire education system as the quality of education is determined by the quality of the teachers. The fact that teachers are liable for educating, forming and shaping the students who are regarded as the country's future leaders, it is fundamental that their employers create programmes that would make these teachers feel connected to their work environment so that they would want to be retained. This study aimed to examine the role of spirituality and work-family enrichment on employee retention. A survey was conducted on 336 teachers of private secondary schools in Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State. Matter-formism and Role expansion theories were used to explain the relationship that exists between the variables. Using SPSS version 22, results from regression analysis showed a strong positive significant relationship between the variables indicating that increase in meaningfulness at work would lead to high retention. Further analysis testing mediating relationship revealed a positive relationship between spirituality dimensions and retention. Conclusion showed a statistically significant relationship between meaningfulness at work and employee retention when work-family enrichment is used as a mediator. It was recommended that the organizations should enrich the work content of employees; pay more attention on work activities that would enrich family life and create an environment of mutual trust where employees would have a deep connection with one another; as these would make the employees happier, satisfied and remain with the organization.
Open Journal of Business and Management, 2021
Currently e-commerce has developed to be a vital part of business activities and our daily lives.... more Currently e-commerce has developed to be a vital part of business activities and our daily lives. The effects of globalization and swift developments are experienced in information and technology level of e-commerce. Tax administrators in Nigeria are being confronted with myriads of challenges and difficulties adapting to the new information technology, "digitalization". They aimed at examining the effect of adoption of e-taxation on revenue generation in Nigeria on social media companies operating in Nigeria's Internet domain. The study adopted a causal research design. This is a design which explores the effect of one variable on another. The study revealed that an element of change in the standard regulations among the tax authority (FIRS) for about 5.221, will give way for benefits of revenue generation within social media companies operating in Nigeria's Internet domain, which explains that FIRS faces challenges on modalities of taxing online companies and they can do more by implementing policies in consonant with social media companies in Nigeria. The study concludes that the country's major challenge of e-commerce as it relates to its tax system has been that the laws governing direct taxes are at the moment inadequate and out of date; they are premised on the concept of permanent establishment as defined in the double tax treaties and recommend that efforts should be made to set up a tax intermediation body. This body ought to be relevant for the digital world, utilize Internet Service Providers (ISPs) as a responsible authority for the collection, calculation and payment of electronic tax.
Open Access, 2022
Retention is one of the biggest challenges for today's organizations especially in private second... more Retention is one of the biggest challenges for today's organizations especially in private secondary schools where there is a high exodus of teachers. The rate of turnover among private companies is on the increase; this situation is not only catastrophic to the manufacturing companies but small business, quality of services is determined by the quality of the staff. The fact that employee are liable to work, there are certain things they should also do to be within the community they work, it is fundamental that their employers create programmes that would make them feel connected to their work environment so that they would want to be retained. This study aimed to examine the role of sense of community and work-family enrichment on employee retention. A survey was conducted on 80 staff recruited by Juhoari enterprise and consulting services in Jos Plateau State. Matter-formism theory was used to explain the relationship that exists between the variables. Using SPSS version 26, results from regression analysis showed a strong positive significant relationship between the variables indicating that increase in sense of community would lead to high retention. Further analysis testing mediating relationship revealed a positive relationship between sense of community and retention. Conclusion showed a statistically significant relationship between sense of community and employee retention when work-family enrichment is used as a mediator. It was recommended that the organizations should enrich the work content of employees; pay more attention on work activities that would enrich family life and create an environment of mutual trust where employees would have a deep connection with one another; as these would make the employees happier, satisfied and remain with the organization.
Arinzechukwu Okpara Jude, 2019
Entrepreneurship education has been considered to be of critical importance in todays economy due... more Entrepreneurship education has been considered to be of critical importance in todays economy due to the fact that it is a catalyst for economic growth and development. This research study is on the role of entrepreneurship education as a panacea for poverty alleviation: Jos North Local Government Area, Plateau State; and the research questions, objectives and hypothesis served as a guide for the study too be carried out. A descriptive design approach was employed for this study and a sample size of 240 students were selected at random from the population. The questionnaire administered were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, SPSS test analysis was also used in testing the hypotheses. The findings from this study would add interesting knowledge to the existing literature where teaching of entrepreneurship is concerned. The study found out that teaching entrepreneurship goes beyond theory, practice is the most important aspect of entrepreneurship and it is a continuous process of learning; for entrepreneurship education to really yield result in Jos North Local Government Area, the university has to teach entrepreneurship beyond one compulsory course; the study recommended that further extensive teaching of entrepreneurship should be available to all students in Tertiary Institutions.
Arinzechukwu J. Okpara, 2019
The study examined the Nigeria economic diplomacy and development in relations with conduct of Ni... more The study examined the Nigeria economic diplomacy and development in relations with conduct of Nigeria’s external relationships. The broad objective of this study was to examine how the use of economic diplomacy helped in development of Nigeria and the implication for sustainable development of Nigeria. The central focus of this study was that the use of economic diplomacy in the conduct of Nigeria’s external relations is pronounced each time the political leadership is desperately pursuing received development model from advanced capitalist economies. The study makes use of secondary source of data collection and hence, relied more on library materials and relevant primary documents from the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Nigerian Institute of International Affairs. Content analysis of texts, journals, seminars/conference papers, official publications, magazines, newspapers and other published and unpublished materials were effectively utilized. the study revealed that economic diplomacy and Development did not reduce the incidence of unemployment in Nigeria. Again, the study revealed that economic diplomacy and Development remarkably enhanced the inflow of foreign direct investment from advanced capitalist economies to Nigeria. Finally, the study revealed that the Development Strategy was responsible for the debt relief extended to Nigeria by international financial institutions. The study recommended among others, a pro-active foreign policy of economic diplomacy that will enhance sustainable development of Nigeria through efficient and effective leaders.