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Papers by Aude Chatelard
Journal of Roman Studies, 2020
The exercise of biography, with its own inherent difculties, becomes particularly perilous when ... more The exercise of biography, with its own inherent difculties, becomes particularly perilous when the subject is a personality from antiquity, with many essential documents typical of later periods missing. Writing the biography of a Roman woman of the Republic is still more difcult, as women are only seldom mentioned by male writers and historians. Susan Treggiari nevertheless provides a sound analysis of her chosen subject. Having explored the lives of the women of Cicero's family (Terentia, Tullia and Publilia, 2007), she now proposes to dive into a collective biography of Servilia, mistress of Caesar and mother of his murderer Brutus, and her family. This study, relying on a well-known body of literary sources, is not a mere description of the extreme rivalry of the Roman aristocratic clans which turned to be responsible for the collapse of the Republic in the rst century B.C. It allows the reader to understand how a woman of high rank like Servilia could not only live as a witness of the events of her time, but also be an actor in events through the inuence that a matron born in a senatorial clan could enjoy. Written in simple, almost conversational language, the book is aimed at non-specialists and specialists alike. It consists of twelve chapters and six appendices, three of which are biographical and prosopographical notes, and a large up-to-date bibliography. The preface and the rst chapter present an overview of the mode of government and society of the republican period. This synthesis is designed to provide readers who are not experts with the keys necessary to understand the world in which Servilia lived. The following part consists of eight chronological chapters, beginning with an overview of Servilia's family (ch. 2), then looking at her childhood (ch. 3) and youth, from her adolescence to her marriage and the birth of Brutus (ch. 4). The next ve chapters offer a chronological review of her life, mainly consisting of the marital strategies employed for each of her children; these led to new familial connections, and with them the progressive increase in her clan's power. Here we see that the individual, whether it be Servilia or other women of her family, disappears behind the building of the clan's gloria. An exception to this scheme is to be found in her long-lasting extramarital affair with Caesar, 'the only man with whom she shared a freely chosen relationship of physical passion' (119), which lasted most likely until Caesar's death. The lack of sources clearly mentioning Servilia before the Ides of March is a problem that T. solves by conveying the wider knowledge available for this period concerning the life of matrons of the aristocracy. Her application of this material to her subject results in a profusion of suppositions: 'She may have …'; 'There may have been …'. Trying to reconstitute a person's possible thoughts or actions is undoubtedly risky, as T. is of course well aware. This is where T.'s remarkable labour in searching for possible parallels with women of the English political class and the different treatments of the character of Servilia in English literature (Appendix 5 and 6) comes into play. Bringing to bear undeniable erudition, and never quick to pass off suppositions as facts, T. attempts to compensate for the lack of direct sources by looking for a likely midpoint between what is known of Servilia and what is in general known of matrons of her rank. The result, in some ways reminiscent of the methodology of narrative psychology, is immersive, and undoubtedly constitutes the chief originality and value of this book. In ch. 10, T. deals with the direct consequences of Caesar's assassination. When the power and the lives of the men of her family, especially of her son, are threatened, Servilia appears in ancient sources showing the ability to take decisions which affect the course of events. Several occasions are mentioned, but T. discusses one of particular interest which shows how much power Servilia could have enjoyed: this is when Cicero reports that Servilia promised to have a senatorial decree altered according to the advantage of her family (Cic., Att. 15.11.2; 15.12.1). The two nal chapters develop the reasons why Servilia was able to play such an important role in the social and political life of her time. T. explores how Servilia and matrons in general beneted, like
Clio, 2016
« Les femmes sont tenues à l'écart des fonctions publiques et civiques (feminae ab omnibus offici... more « Les femmes sont tenues à l'écart des fonctions publiques et civiques (feminae ab omnibus officiis civilibus vel publicis remotae sunt). Elles ne peuvent être juges ou jurés, tenir des magistratures, paraître au tribunal, y agir au nom d'autrui ou être procureur » 1 9 Cizek 1990 : 75. Sous la République, la citoyenneté romaine se révèle au travers de textes de loi comme la loi des XII Tables ainsi que dans les récits sur l'histoire de la République, comme c'est le cas de l'Histoire romaine de Tite-Live ou des traités philosophiques et politiques, comme ceux de Cicéron. Sur la citoyenneté à l'époque républicaine, voir en particulier Nicolet 1976.
Religions et pouvoir dans le monde romain de 218 av. J.-C. à 250 ap. J.-C., 2020
En tant que mineures juridiques, les femmes romaines sont normalement exclues des privilèges poli... more En tant que mineures juridiques, les femmes romaines sont normalement exclues des privilèges politiques tel que le droit de vote, tout comme elles sont exemptes des devoirs des citoyens (armée ou charges fiscales). Les femmes bénéficiaient cependant pleinement des privilèges garantis par le droit civil. Et bien que leur prise de parole dans des contextes politiques relève de l'exceptionnel, les lieux d'exercice de la citoyenneté leur étaient accessibles. C'est dans la religion publique que le terme civis Romana apparaît finalement. De cette étude, il résulte que la citoyenne romaine existait bel et bien, et que cette citoyenneté se rapprochait de la civitas sine suffragio. La société romaine reposait avant tout sur des inégalités et une hiérarchie omniprésentes : entre les hommes citoyens de plein droit, entre eux et les citoyens sans suffrage, et entre citoyens et femmes citoyennes. Cependant, tous pouvaient expérimenter une forme de citoyenneté à travers des actes civiques.
Talks by Aude Chatelard
Ateliers by Aude Chatelard
L’ambition de cet atelier est de présenter à un public de doctorants et de post-doctorants les mé... more L’ambition de cet atelier est de présenter à un public de doctorants et de post-doctorants les méthodes d’approches archéologiques des faits religieux antiques, en prenant appui sur les manifestations religieuses observables à Pompéi. La formation fera alterner les cours théoriques sur l’archéologie des religions antiques et des discussions sur le terrain, dans les temples, les maisons et les nécropoles de Pompéi. L’accent sera mis sur les méthodes et les questionnements adaptés aux
recherches sur les lieux de culte et à la mise en évidence des pratiques religieuses et des gestes rituels (nécropoles et lieux de culte). Le statut des espaces religieux et les modalités de leur évolution seront analysés. La caractérisation des lieux de culte et des pratiques amènera à préciser le vocabulaire employé dans la description des monuments et des vestiges religieux.
Book Reviews by Aude Chatelard
Journal of Roman Studies, 2020
The exercise of biography, with its own inherent difculties, becomes particularly perilous when ... more The exercise of biography, with its own inherent difculties, becomes particularly perilous when the subject is a personality from antiquity, with many essential documents typical of later periods missing. Writing the biography of a Roman woman of the Republic is still more difcult, as women are only seldom mentioned by male writers and historians. Susan Treggiari nevertheless provides a sound analysis of her chosen subject. Having explored the lives of the women of Cicero's family (Terentia, Tullia and Publilia, 2007), she now proposes to dive into a collective biography of Servilia, mistress of Caesar and mother of his murderer Brutus, and her family. This study, relying on a well-known body of literary sources, is not a mere description of the extreme rivalry of the Roman aristocratic clans which turned to be responsible for the collapse of the Republic in the rst century B.C. It allows the reader to understand how a woman of high rank like Servilia could not only live as a witness of the events of her time, but also be an actor in events through the inuence that a matron born in a senatorial clan could enjoy. Written in simple, almost conversational language, the book is aimed at non-specialists and specialists alike. It consists of twelve chapters and six appendices, three of which are biographical and prosopographical notes, and a large up-to-date bibliography. The preface and the rst chapter present an overview of the mode of government and society of the republican period. This synthesis is designed to provide readers who are not experts with the keys necessary to understand the world in which Servilia lived. The following part consists of eight chronological chapters, beginning with an overview of Servilia's family (ch. 2), then looking at her childhood (ch. 3) and youth, from her adolescence to her marriage and the birth of Brutus (ch. 4). The next ve chapters offer a chronological review of her life, mainly consisting of the marital strategies employed for each of her children; these led to new familial connections, and with them the progressive increase in her clan's power. Here we see that the individual, whether it be Servilia or other women of her family, disappears behind the building of the clan's gloria. An exception to this scheme is to be found in her long-lasting extramarital affair with Caesar, 'the only man with whom she shared a freely chosen relationship of physical passion' (119), which lasted most likely until Caesar's death. The lack of sources clearly mentioning Servilia before the Ides of March is a problem that T. solves by conveying the wider knowledge available for this period concerning the life of matrons of the aristocracy. Her application of this material to her subject results in a profusion of suppositions: 'She may have …'; 'There may have been …'. Trying to reconstitute a person's possible thoughts or actions is undoubtedly risky, as T. is of course well aware. This is where T.'s remarkable labour in searching for possible parallels with women of the English political class and the different treatments of the character of Servilia in English literature (Appendix 5 and 6) comes into play. Bringing to bear undeniable erudition, and never quick to pass off suppositions as facts, T. attempts to compensate for the lack of direct sources by looking for a likely midpoint between what is known of Servilia and what is in general known of matrons of her rank. The result, in some ways reminiscent of the methodology of narrative psychology, is immersive, and undoubtedly constitutes the chief originality and value of this book. In ch. 10, T. deals with the direct consequences of Caesar's assassination. When the power and the lives of the men of her family, especially of her son, are threatened, Servilia appears in ancient sources showing the ability to take decisions which affect the course of events. Several occasions are mentioned, but T. discusses one of particular interest which shows how much power Servilia could have enjoyed: this is when Cicero reports that Servilia promised to have a senatorial decree altered according to the advantage of her family (Cic., Att. 15.11.2; 15.12.1). The two nal chapters develop the reasons why Servilia was able to play such an important role in the social and political life of her time. T. explores how Servilia and matrons in general beneted, like
Clio, 2016
« Les femmes sont tenues à l'écart des fonctions publiques et civiques (feminae ab omnibus offici... more « Les femmes sont tenues à l'écart des fonctions publiques et civiques (feminae ab omnibus officiis civilibus vel publicis remotae sunt). Elles ne peuvent être juges ou jurés, tenir des magistratures, paraître au tribunal, y agir au nom d'autrui ou être procureur » 1 9 Cizek 1990 : 75. Sous la République, la citoyenneté romaine se révèle au travers de textes de loi comme la loi des XII Tables ainsi que dans les récits sur l'histoire de la République, comme c'est le cas de l'Histoire romaine de Tite-Live ou des traités philosophiques et politiques, comme ceux de Cicéron. Sur la citoyenneté à l'époque républicaine, voir en particulier Nicolet 1976.
Religions et pouvoir dans le monde romain de 218 av. J.-C. à 250 ap. J.-C., 2020
En tant que mineures juridiques, les femmes romaines sont normalement exclues des privilèges poli... more En tant que mineures juridiques, les femmes romaines sont normalement exclues des privilèges politiques tel que le droit de vote, tout comme elles sont exemptes des devoirs des citoyens (armée ou charges fiscales). Les femmes bénéficiaient cependant pleinement des privilèges garantis par le droit civil. Et bien que leur prise de parole dans des contextes politiques relève de l'exceptionnel, les lieux d'exercice de la citoyenneté leur étaient accessibles. C'est dans la religion publique que le terme civis Romana apparaît finalement. De cette étude, il résulte que la citoyenne romaine existait bel et bien, et que cette citoyenneté se rapprochait de la civitas sine suffragio. La société romaine reposait avant tout sur des inégalités et une hiérarchie omniprésentes : entre les hommes citoyens de plein droit, entre eux et les citoyens sans suffrage, et entre citoyens et femmes citoyennes. Cependant, tous pouvaient expérimenter une forme de citoyenneté à travers des actes civiques.
L’ambition de cet atelier est de présenter à un public de doctorants et de post-doctorants les mé... more L’ambition de cet atelier est de présenter à un public de doctorants et de post-doctorants les méthodes d’approches archéologiques des faits religieux antiques, en prenant appui sur les manifestations religieuses observables à Pompéi. La formation fera alterner les cours théoriques sur l’archéologie des religions antiques et des discussions sur le terrain, dans les temples, les maisons et les nécropoles de Pompéi. L’accent sera mis sur les méthodes et les questionnements adaptés aux
recherches sur les lieux de culte et à la mise en évidence des pratiques religieuses et des gestes rituels (nécropoles et lieux de culte). Le statut des espaces religieux et les modalités de leur évolution seront analysés. La caractérisation des lieux de culte et des pratiques amènera à préciser le vocabulaire employé dans la description des monuments et des vestiges religieux.