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Books by Cristina Tonghini

This book presents the results obtained from the historical and archaeological investigations car... more This book presents the results obtained from the historical and archaeological investigations carried out in the framework of a project centred on the site of Shayzar, in Central Syria: Shayzar Project: study of the fortified settlement in Bilad al-Sham. On the basis of a detailed analysis of the archaeological evidence, and of the study of the written documentation available, the book examines the origins and the development of this fortification, especially in relation to the most crucial period as regard as the building of the citadel, i.e., the span of time that stretches from the 10th to the 13th centuries; it also discusses the development of building techniques in the context of military architecture.

Papers by Cristina Tonghini

MESOPOTAMIA, 2022

The present article presents and discusses an assemblage of Early Islamic pottery excavated at th... more The present article presents and discusses an assemblage of Early Islamic pottery excavated at the the site of Gir-e Gomel, in Iraqi Kurdistan. The thorough publication of a corpus of pottery from a well-defined chronological horizon aims to contribute to a better understanding of the ceramic types used in the northern regions of the Early Islamic caliphate, and to the identification of regional patterns of circulation and consumption.

JESHO 66, 2023

This paper presents a documentary and archaeological study of the watermills in Ottoman Mosul to ... more This paper presents a documentary and archaeological study of the watermills in Ottoman Mosul to gain a political and social-economic understanding of the waterresource management in Mosul and its northeastern hinterland in the early modern period. Watermills are of importance to historians, as the simple buildings equipped with sophisticated hydraulic devices, for teasing out various strands of water-resource management and agricultural economies from a regional and longue-dureé perspective. By synthesizing historical and archaeological methodological approaches, this paper aims to address the questions of what historical legacy of Mosul was left to the Ottoman Empire regarding the water infrastructure, including watermills and irrigation systems, and what contribution the Ottoman administration made to the development of Mosul's water infrastructure. It presents an archaeological examination of a group of milling installations in Wadi Bandawai in the north of Mosul, demonstrating changes in settlement patterns during the long Islamic period, from the 7th to early 20th centuries, and also drawing attention to methodological problems with Islamic and Ottoman archaeology concerning the periodization of material culture.

Antichistica, 2021

The Community on the Illicit Trade in Cultural Material of the European Association of Archaeolog... more The Community on the Illicit Trade in Cultural Material of the European Association of Archaeologists is briefly described, focussing on its history, principles and aims, as well as activities. The community's position concerning stewardship and commercialisation of cultural heritage material is laid out and its online strategy for raising awareness presented.

Mesopotamia, 2018

The Early Islamic pottery excavated at the site of Gir-e Gomel, Iraqi Kurdistan

Carnets de l'Ifpo, 2021

Valentina Vezzoli, Cristina Tonghini, « Le Kurdistan irakien à la période islamique. Résultats pr... more Valentina Vezzoli, Cristina Tonghini, « Le Kurdistan irakien à la période islamique. Résultats préliminaires du Land of Nineveh Archaeological Project », Les carnets de l’Ifpo. La recherche en train de se faire à l’Institut français du Proche-Orient, https://ifpo.hypotheses.org/10986, le 18 février 2021. [En ligne sur hypotheses.org]

15th International Congress of Turkish Art Naples, 2018

Crusader Landscapes in the Medieval Levant: The Archaeology and History of the Latin East, Cardiff University Press, 2016

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ATTI DELLA ACCADEMIA NAZIONALE DEI LINCEI. RENDICONTI. CLASSE DI SCIENZE MORALI, STORICHE E FILOLOGICHE, vol. XXII, 2012

Archeologia Dell Architettura, 2004

This paper reports the results from applying the Cryo2SoniC (Cryobreaking, Sonication, Centrifuga... more This paper reports the results from applying the Cryo2SoniC (Cryobreaking, Sonication, Centrifugation) protocol
to some lime mortars sampled from the citadel of Shayzar (Syria). The overall aims of this project are 1) to use the properties
offered by high-precision accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating for the evaluation of absolute
chronology with its typical robust time constraints (i.e. 25 14C yr), and 2) to apply the dating directly to the citadel structures
in order to prevent possible biasing effects potentially affecting indirect 14C dating on organic materials found at the study site.
The analyses presented in this paper have been mainly performed as a preliminary check of the Cryo2SoniC methodology in
order to assess its applicability to this study site by comparing observed mortar results with archaeological expectations about
the citadel development phasing and charcoals found encased in mortars. Petrographic and mineralogical thin-section analyses
by optical microscopy (TSOM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy plus energy dispersive
spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) investigations were carried out for characterization of the mortar samples to verify the
occurrence of some features, related to their production technology, which may introduce dating offsets. The resulting 14C calibrated
ages were in agreement with the archaeological expectations based on type and stratigraphic site reconstructions, in
situ inscriptions, and written sources. Such results showed also a general (with 1 exception) statistical agreement among the
charcoals and the analyzed mortars simultaneously, confirming the archaeological expectations for the Shayzar citadel.
Results presented in this paper indicate good accuracy for the applied procedure for chronology reconstruction and highlight
the capability of Cryo2SoniC to further characterize the Shayzar site.

Arqueologia de la Arquitectura 9, Madrid/Vitoria, p. 31-57, 2012

Atti del IX Convegno Internazionale sulla Ceramica medievale nel Mediterraneo. p. 402-407, 2012

H. Kennedy (ed.), Muslim Military Architecture in Greater Syria, leiden and Boston, p. 201-224, 2006

6 ICAANE. Proceedings of the 6th International Congress of the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, 2010

THE CASE OF SHAYZAR: 'CASTLE'OR FORTIFIED TOWN? 1 CRISTINA TONGHINI Abstract This paper... more THE CASE OF SHAYZAR: 'CASTLE'OR FORTIFIED TOWN? 1 CRISTINA TONGHINI Abstract This paper can be regarded as an attempt at defining the function of the ancient settlement of Shayzar based on the archaeological evidence derived from recent investigations carried ...