MA Nawaz | University of Sargodha (original) (raw)
Papers by MA Nawaz
Recently, heavy metals pollution due to industrialization and urbanization, use of untreated wast... more Recently, heavy metals pollution due to industrialization and urbanization, use of untreated wastewater and unreasonable use of pesticides and fertilizers is increasing rapidly, resulting in major threat to the environment and contaminate soils. Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element in the earth crust after oxygen. Although it's higher accumulation in plants, yet Si has not been listed as essential nutrient however, considered as beneficial element for growth of plants particularly in stressed environment. Research to date has demonstrated that silicon helps the plants to alleviate the various biotic and abiotic stresses. This review article presents a comprehensive update about Si and heavy metals, minerals and salinity stresses, and contained the progress about Si so far done worldwide in the light of previous studies to evaluate the ecological importance of Si. Moreover, this review will also be helpful to understand the Si uptake ability and its benefits on plants grown under stressed environment. Further research needs for Si-mediated mitigation of heavy metals and mineral nutrients stresses are also discussed.
Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection, 2013
ABSTRACT Variable symptoms were recorded during a survey in the citrus trees infected or suspecte... more ABSTRACT Variable symptoms were recorded during a survey in the citrus trees infected or suspected to be infected with citrus tristeza virus based on ELISA tests. Sweet orange manifested main symptoms like bud union crease, pin holing, bark cracking, incompatibility, yellowing and dropping of leaves. Pin holing was particularly prevalent in Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck), Kinnow (Citrus reticulata Blanco) and Grapefruit (Citrus paradisii Mcaf.), while incompatibility was only in Sweet orange and Grapefruit.
Citrus is a leading fruit crop of Pakistan. Among citrus, Kinnow is the most prominent cultivar a... more Citrus is a leading fruit crop of Pakistan. Among citrus, Kinnow is the most prominent cultivar and shares about 95% of total production. The monopolized cultivation of Kinnow scion grafted over rough lemon needs a substituted rootstock for higher yield/return and for longer tree life. Trials for the selection of suitable rootstock for Kinnow mandarin under subtropical environmental conditions and highly alkaline rhizosphere were carried out in the Experimental Fruit Orchard (Square 9), Institute of horticultural sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad during 2003-2005. The studies revealed that Volkamer lemon, Brazilian sour orange and citrumello as reliable rootstocks for citriculture industry of Punjab province.
About 260 species of insects and mites have been recorded as minor and major pests of mango. Mang... more About 260 species of insects and mites have been recorded as minor and major pests of mango. Mango midge (Erosomya indica) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) has become a major pest of mango and is found in all mango growing countries of the world. Sixteen species of midges are known to attack mango in Asia where this plant is indigenous. The midge infests and damages the crop at three different stages. No definite control measure has yet proved satisfactory; Cultural, Chemical and Biological control have been adopted. Integrated pest management can prove better to control the deleterious pest. The objective of this paper was to review the work done on mango midge and to find out the present situation of this fatal insect in mango growing areas with special emphasize on its control measures.
The effect of tree spacing on vegetative performance and yield of plant in 8 year old Kinnow mand... more The effect of tree spacing on vegetative performance and yield of plant in 8 year old Kinnow mandarins (Citrus reticulata Blanco) growing on rough lemon rootstock was studied at Experimental Fruit Orchard (Square 9), Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (Pakistan). Plants were grown at three planting distances D 1 (11 × 11 ft), D 2 (11 × 22 ft) and D 3 (22 × 22 ft). Maximum plant height (11.46 ft) was observed in D 1 while minimum plant height (8.83 ft) was observed in D 3 Maximum plant canopy volume (8.85 m 3 ) was found in the D 3 while minimum plant canopy volume (5.43 m 3 ) was found in D 1 . Maximum numbers of flushes (12.80) were found in D 3 and minimum numbers of new flushes (9.25) were found in D 2 . Maximum numbers of new leaves (80 leaves/branch) were found in D 1 whereas, minimum numbers of new leaves (55 leaves/branch) were found in the D 3 . Maximum fruit set (27.56%) was found in D 1 and minimum fruit set (21.98%) was found in D 3 whereas, maximum yield was found in D 2 (593 fruits) and minimum yield was found in D 1 (414 fruits). In case of total soluble solids (TSS), highest (11.49) was observed in D 3 while minimum TSS (9.92°Brix) was found in D 1. Highest juice percentage (48.67%) was observed in D 1 while lowest juice percentage (43.43%) was observed in D 3 . For most the parameters D 2 outclassed all the other treatments and proved to be the best planting distance for Kinnow mandarin under agro ecological conditions of the Punjab province of Pakistan.
Fruit species and cultivars within species are greatly different in their performance in terms of... more Fruit species and cultivars within species are greatly different in their performance in terms of color, taste, fruit size, fruit weight, fruit yield and TSS depending upon agro-climatic conditions. The present study was carried out at Hill Fruit Research Station, Sunny Bank, Murree, Pakistan to evaluate the field performance of nine apple cultivars; Sky Spur, Red Chief, Sparton, Ida Red, Starking Delicious, Kandhari, Red Golden, Nugget and Golden Russet. The apple cultivar Kandhari proved to be an early maturing (late July); Sky Spur, Starking Delicious and Sparton were mid season (mid August) maturing cultivars; Red Golden, Nugget and Golden Russet were late maturing cultivars. Sky Spur, Nugget and Starking Delicious performed significantly better compared to other cultivars regarding the number of fruit per plant, fruit weight per plant & total soluble solids, and may be recommended for commercial cultivation in northern areas especially in Murree hills of Pakistan.
The success of citrus industry depends upon the availability of promising planting material (cult... more The success of citrus industry depends upon the availability of promising planting material (cultivars) as dissemination of genetically inferior trees can have catastrophic effect on the productivity and quality of citrus plants in coming years. In present study, physicochemical analysis of sixteen important citrus cultivars comprising of seven sweet orange, six mandarin and three grapefruit cultivars was performed to evaluate their contribution to sustain citrus industry of Pakistan. Results revealed that Salustiana produced the heaviest fruit (218.2 g fruit -1
Citrus is a rich bounty of edible fruits like mandarins, oranges, grapefruit, lemons and limes wi... more Citrus is a rich bounty of edible fruits like mandarins, oranges, grapefruit, lemons and limes with minor categories like tangerines, pummellos and tangelos. Germplasm plays key role in evolving new and high yielding resistant varieties. A study was initiated to document the indigenous and exotic germplasm of existing citrus species/cultivars in Pakistan. Different research centers and institutes of Punjab, NWFP and Federal territories were visited to collect detailed information of existing citrus species/cultivars along with their photographs for preparing an illustrated booklet. We believe this information will contribute towards in understanding of citrus genetic resource in Pakistan by researchers/academicians and better utilization in the national and international research programmes.
An experiment was conducted in which introduced citrus hybrids (Orlando tangelo, Minneola tangelo... more An experiment was conducted in which introduced citrus hybrids (Orlando tangelo, Minneola tangelo, Saminola tangelo, Honey mandarin, Pixie mandarin and Frost dancy tangerine) were crossed with Mosambi, Kinnow and Duncan grapefruit as male parents. Pollen viability and pollen germination studies were also conducted. Pollen viability was maximum in Pixie mandarin (92.81%) while least in Frost dancy tangerine (FDT) (16.27%). Pollen tube growth studies revealed non-significant difference as pollen tube travelled 9.16, 5.80 and 4.70% of the gynoecia, in tangelos, mandarins and tangerine hybrids respectively. Kinnow generated the best value as the male parent with Honey mandarin and Orlando tangelo, while the performance with other hybrids was inconsistent as for as specific combining ability (SCA) was concerned. Although, Kinnow belongs to mandarins yet, great variability was found with Pixie mandarin for combining ability. Kinnow proved as a better pollinizer for all the experimental hybrids as for as general combining ability (GCA) is concerned. Mosambi as a male parent behaved inconsistently with experimental hybrids for fruit setting.
Nutritional status and yield of Kinnow mandarin grafted on nine different exotic and local rootst... more Nutritional status and yield of Kinnow mandarin grafted on nine different exotic and local rootstocks was studied. Leaf nutrient status of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P) and Potassium (K) availability in leaves differed significantly among the trees on various rootstocks. Maximum N (2.60 and 2.67%) was recorded on Rough lemon and minimum (2.20 and 2.21%) on Troyer citrange during 2005 and 2006 respectively. P (0.16%) was maximum on Rough lemon while minimum (0.09%) was recorded in Carrizo citrange. As regard K, it ranged from 1.15 to 1.65% on Volkamariana and Carrizo citrange rootstock, respectively. The highest number of fruits per tree were recorded on Brazillian Sour orange (1037.16 fruits) and lowest (184.49 fruits) on Carrizo citrange rootstock. While on weight basis maximum yield (139.52 kg) was recorded in Volkamariana and minimum (27.83 Kg) was in Carrizo citange. For most of the parameters Volakamariana was found to be promising followed by Rough lemon and Mithi whereas all citrange (Carrizo, Yuma and Troyer citarange) rootstocks performed poorly in relation to nutrient uptake and yield.
Alphonso cultivar of mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important fruit of Pakistan which has stro... more Alphonso cultivar of mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important fruit of Pakistan which has strong export potential. Fresh mango fruits normally have a short storage life of 10 to 12 days at ambient temperature and can suffer low temperature injury (chilling injury) during refrigerated storage, which severely hinders it from reaching the ultimate consumers in suitable edible form so causes high economic losses. Controlled atmosphere (CA) storage was studied to determine its feasibility and optimum storage conditions for mango fruit cv. Alphonso in order to extend its shelf life without detrimental affects on its quality. Fully ripe mangoes were stored at 3% O 2 with elevated CO 2 levels i.e., 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 %, and compared with fruit stored at 21% O 2 and 0% CO 2 at 10 o C as a control. Fruits were removed from Controlled Atmosphere (CA) three weeks after storage and different quality parameters were measured chemically and by sensory evaluations. It was found that the rate of weight loss decreased with an increase of CO 2 in the storage atmosphere. Fruits stored in controlled atmosphere storage showed better retention of freshness, colour, firmness, TSS and flavour as compared to the fruits stored in the air. Panellists preferred the treatment in which fruits were stored at 3% O 2 with 6% CO 2 than other treatments. Fruits held in the air were highly unacceptable due to off flavour and fermentation. It was concluded that the controlled atmosphere storage is feasible for extending the shelf life of mangoes cv. Alphonso while 3% O 2 with 6% CO 2 proved to be the optimal atmospheric conditions for storage.
Pak. J. Bot, 2008
The study was undertaken to envisage the effect of growth regulators on preharvest fruit drop and... more The study was undertaken to envisage the effect of growth regulators on preharvest fruit drop and quality of Kinnow mandrin (Citrus reticulata Blanco). Various concentration of 2, 4-D, GA3 and NAA were applied during the last week of November, 2005 to check the impact of ...
fspublishers.org
To cite this paper: Khan, MN, MA Nawaz, W. Ahmad, M. Afzal, AU Malik and BA Saleem, 2010. Evaluat... more To cite this paper: Khan, MN, MA Nawaz, W. Ahmad, M. Afzal, AU Malik and BA Saleem, 2010. Evaluation of some exotic cultivars of sweet orange in Punjab, Pakistan. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 12: 729733 ... Evaluation of some Exotic Cultivars of Sweet Orange in Punjab,
To cite this paper: Hussain, S., N.N. Nawab, M.A. Ali, A. Hussain, M.A. Nawaz and T.A. Malik, 201... more To cite this paper: Hussain, S., N.N. Nawab, M.A. Ali, A. Hussain, M.A. Nawaz and T.A. Malik, 2010. Evaluation of performance, genetic divergence and character association of some polygenic traits in upland cotton.
… JOURNAL OF BOTANY, 2006
Citrus is a leading fruit crop of Pakistan. Among citrus cultivars, Kinnow is the most prominent ... more Citrus is a leading fruit crop of Pakistan. Among citrus cultivars, Kinnow is the most prominent and shares about 95% of total citrus production in Pakistan. The monopolized cultivation of Kinnow scion grafted over rough lemon needs a substituted rootstock for higher yield/return and ...
Sixteen Snapdragon cultivars were imported from United States of America (PanAmerica Seeds, Chica... more Sixteen Snapdragon cultivars were imported from United States of America (PanAmerica Seeds, Chicago. IL) and were grown at University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha for their outdoor field performance as cut flower production. Data were collected on various vegetative parameters (number of leaves per plant, plant height, number of secondary branches per plant, number of nodes per plant, stem fresh weight and stem dry weight) and flower spike (days for bud formation, days to bud opening, flower spike length, number of buds per spike). The experiment was laid out according to randomized complete block design (RCBD). The data regarding various growth parameters were analyzed by using standard statistical techniques. The studies revealed that Maryland White Yellow, Potomac Orange Dark, Maryland Golden Bronze, Maryland Pink True and Apollo Cinnamon cultivars of Snapdragon performed well for vegetative growth under existing environmental conditions and produced better quality flower spikes compared to other cultivars tested.
Recently, heavy metals pollution due to industrialization and urbanization, use of untreated wast... more Recently, heavy metals pollution due to industrialization and urbanization, use of untreated wastewater and unreasonable use of pesticides and fertilizers is increasing rapidly, resulting in major threat to the environment and contaminate soils. Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element in the earth crust after oxygen. Although it's higher accumulation in plants, yet Si has not been listed as essential nutrient however, considered as beneficial element for growth of plants particularly in stressed environment. Research to date has demonstrated that silicon helps the plants to alleviate the various biotic and abiotic stresses. This review article presents a comprehensive update about Si and heavy metals, minerals and salinity stresses, and contained the progress about Si so far done worldwide in the light of previous studies to evaluate the ecological importance of Si. Moreover, this review will also be helpful to understand the Si uptake ability and its benefits on plants grown under stressed environment. Further research needs for Si-mediated mitigation of heavy metals and mineral nutrients stresses are also discussed.
Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection, 2013
ABSTRACT Variable symptoms were recorded during a survey in the citrus trees infected or suspecte... more ABSTRACT Variable symptoms were recorded during a survey in the citrus trees infected or suspected to be infected with citrus tristeza virus based on ELISA tests. Sweet orange manifested main symptoms like bud union crease, pin holing, bark cracking, incompatibility, yellowing and dropping of leaves. Pin holing was particularly prevalent in Sweet orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck), Kinnow (Citrus reticulata Blanco) and Grapefruit (Citrus paradisii Mcaf.), while incompatibility was only in Sweet orange and Grapefruit.
Citrus is a leading fruit crop of Pakistan. Among citrus, Kinnow is the most prominent cultivar a... more Citrus is a leading fruit crop of Pakistan. Among citrus, Kinnow is the most prominent cultivar and shares about 95% of total production. The monopolized cultivation of Kinnow scion grafted over rough lemon needs a substituted rootstock for higher yield/return and for longer tree life. Trials for the selection of suitable rootstock for Kinnow mandarin under subtropical environmental conditions and highly alkaline rhizosphere were carried out in the Experimental Fruit Orchard (Square 9), Institute of horticultural sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad during 2003-2005. The studies revealed that Volkamer lemon, Brazilian sour orange and citrumello as reliable rootstocks for citriculture industry of Punjab province.
About 260 species of insects and mites have been recorded as minor and major pests of mango. Mang... more About 260 species of insects and mites have been recorded as minor and major pests of mango. Mango midge (Erosomya indica) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) has become a major pest of mango and is found in all mango growing countries of the world. Sixteen species of midges are known to attack mango in Asia where this plant is indigenous. The midge infests and damages the crop at three different stages. No definite control measure has yet proved satisfactory; Cultural, Chemical and Biological control have been adopted. Integrated pest management can prove better to control the deleterious pest. The objective of this paper was to review the work done on mango midge and to find out the present situation of this fatal insect in mango growing areas with special emphasize on its control measures.
The effect of tree spacing on vegetative performance and yield of plant in 8 year old Kinnow mand... more The effect of tree spacing on vegetative performance and yield of plant in 8 year old Kinnow mandarins (Citrus reticulata Blanco) growing on rough lemon rootstock was studied at Experimental Fruit Orchard (Square 9), Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (Pakistan). Plants were grown at three planting distances D 1 (11 × 11 ft), D 2 (11 × 22 ft) and D 3 (22 × 22 ft). Maximum plant height (11.46 ft) was observed in D 1 while minimum plant height (8.83 ft) was observed in D 3 Maximum plant canopy volume (8.85 m 3 ) was found in the D 3 while minimum plant canopy volume (5.43 m 3 ) was found in D 1 . Maximum numbers of flushes (12.80) were found in D 3 and minimum numbers of new flushes (9.25) were found in D 2 . Maximum numbers of new leaves (80 leaves/branch) were found in D 1 whereas, minimum numbers of new leaves (55 leaves/branch) were found in the D 3 . Maximum fruit set (27.56%) was found in D 1 and minimum fruit set (21.98%) was found in D 3 whereas, maximum yield was found in D 2 (593 fruits) and minimum yield was found in D 1 (414 fruits). In case of total soluble solids (TSS), highest (11.49) was observed in D 3 while minimum TSS (9.92°Brix) was found in D 1. Highest juice percentage (48.67%) was observed in D 1 while lowest juice percentage (43.43%) was observed in D 3 . For most the parameters D 2 outclassed all the other treatments and proved to be the best planting distance for Kinnow mandarin under agro ecological conditions of the Punjab province of Pakistan.
Fruit species and cultivars within species are greatly different in their performance in terms of... more Fruit species and cultivars within species are greatly different in their performance in terms of color, taste, fruit size, fruit weight, fruit yield and TSS depending upon agro-climatic conditions. The present study was carried out at Hill Fruit Research Station, Sunny Bank, Murree, Pakistan to evaluate the field performance of nine apple cultivars; Sky Spur, Red Chief, Sparton, Ida Red, Starking Delicious, Kandhari, Red Golden, Nugget and Golden Russet. The apple cultivar Kandhari proved to be an early maturing (late July); Sky Spur, Starking Delicious and Sparton were mid season (mid August) maturing cultivars; Red Golden, Nugget and Golden Russet were late maturing cultivars. Sky Spur, Nugget and Starking Delicious performed significantly better compared to other cultivars regarding the number of fruit per plant, fruit weight per plant & total soluble solids, and may be recommended for commercial cultivation in northern areas especially in Murree hills of Pakistan.
The success of citrus industry depends upon the availability of promising planting material (cult... more The success of citrus industry depends upon the availability of promising planting material (cultivars) as dissemination of genetically inferior trees can have catastrophic effect on the productivity and quality of citrus plants in coming years. In present study, physicochemical analysis of sixteen important citrus cultivars comprising of seven sweet orange, six mandarin and three grapefruit cultivars was performed to evaluate their contribution to sustain citrus industry of Pakistan. Results revealed that Salustiana produced the heaviest fruit (218.2 g fruit -1
Citrus is a rich bounty of edible fruits like mandarins, oranges, grapefruit, lemons and limes wi... more Citrus is a rich bounty of edible fruits like mandarins, oranges, grapefruit, lemons and limes with minor categories like tangerines, pummellos and tangelos. Germplasm plays key role in evolving new and high yielding resistant varieties. A study was initiated to document the indigenous and exotic germplasm of existing citrus species/cultivars in Pakistan. Different research centers and institutes of Punjab, NWFP and Federal territories were visited to collect detailed information of existing citrus species/cultivars along with their photographs for preparing an illustrated booklet. We believe this information will contribute towards in understanding of citrus genetic resource in Pakistan by researchers/academicians and better utilization in the national and international research programmes.
An experiment was conducted in which introduced citrus hybrids (Orlando tangelo, Minneola tangelo... more An experiment was conducted in which introduced citrus hybrids (Orlando tangelo, Minneola tangelo, Saminola tangelo, Honey mandarin, Pixie mandarin and Frost dancy tangerine) were crossed with Mosambi, Kinnow and Duncan grapefruit as male parents. Pollen viability and pollen germination studies were also conducted. Pollen viability was maximum in Pixie mandarin (92.81%) while least in Frost dancy tangerine (FDT) (16.27%). Pollen tube growth studies revealed non-significant difference as pollen tube travelled 9.16, 5.80 and 4.70% of the gynoecia, in tangelos, mandarins and tangerine hybrids respectively. Kinnow generated the best value as the male parent with Honey mandarin and Orlando tangelo, while the performance with other hybrids was inconsistent as for as specific combining ability (SCA) was concerned. Although, Kinnow belongs to mandarins yet, great variability was found with Pixie mandarin for combining ability. Kinnow proved as a better pollinizer for all the experimental hybrids as for as general combining ability (GCA) is concerned. Mosambi as a male parent behaved inconsistently with experimental hybrids for fruit setting.
Nutritional status and yield of Kinnow mandarin grafted on nine different exotic and local rootst... more Nutritional status and yield of Kinnow mandarin grafted on nine different exotic and local rootstocks was studied. Leaf nutrient status of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P) and Potassium (K) availability in leaves differed significantly among the trees on various rootstocks. Maximum N (2.60 and 2.67%) was recorded on Rough lemon and minimum (2.20 and 2.21%) on Troyer citrange during 2005 and 2006 respectively. P (0.16%) was maximum on Rough lemon while minimum (0.09%) was recorded in Carrizo citrange. As regard K, it ranged from 1.15 to 1.65% on Volkamariana and Carrizo citrange rootstock, respectively. The highest number of fruits per tree were recorded on Brazillian Sour orange (1037.16 fruits) and lowest (184.49 fruits) on Carrizo citrange rootstock. While on weight basis maximum yield (139.52 kg) was recorded in Volkamariana and minimum (27.83 Kg) was in Carrizo citange. For most of the parameters Volakamariana was found to be promising followed by Rough lemon and Mithi whereas all citrange (Carrizo, Yuma and Troyer citarange) rootstocks performed poorly in relation to nutrient uptake and yield.
Alphonso cultivar of mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important fruit of Pakistan which has stro... more Alphonso cultivar of mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important fruit of Pakistan which has strong export potential. Fresh mango fruits normally have a short storage life of 10 to 12 days at ambient temperature and can suffer low temperature injury (chilling injury) during refrigerated storage, which severely hinders it from reaching the ultimate consumers in suitable edible form so causes high economic losses. Controlled atmosphere (CA) storage was studied to determine its feasibility and optimum storage conditions for mango fruit cv. Alphonso in order to extend its shelf life without detrimental affects on its quality. Fully ripe mangoes were stored at 3% O 2 with elevated CO 2 levels i.e., 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 %, and compared with fruit stored at 21% O 2 and 0% CO 2 at 10 o C as a control. Fruits were removed from Controlled Atmosphere (CA) three weeks after storage and different quality parameters were measured chemically and by sensory evaluations. It was found that the rate of weight loss decreased with an increase of CO 2 in the storage atmosphere. Fruits stored in controlled atmosphere storage showed better retention of freshness, colour, firmness, TSS and flavour as compared to the fruits stored in the air. Panellists preferred the treatment in which fruits were stored at 3% O 2 with 6% CO 2 than other treatments. Fruits held in the air were highly unacceptable due to off flavour and fermentation. It was concluded that the controlled atmosphere storage is feasible for extending the shelf life of mangoes cv. Alphonso while 3% O 2 with 6% CO 2 proved to be the optimal atmospheric conditions for storage.
Pak. J. Bot, 2008
The study was undertaken to envisage the effect of growth regulators on preharvest fruit drop and... more The study was undertaken to envisage the effect of growth regulators on preharvest fruit drop and quality of Kinnow mandrin (Citrus reticulata Blanco). Various concentration of 2, 4-D, GA3 and NAA were applied during the last week of November, 2005 to check the impact of ...
fspublishers.org
To cite this paper: Khan, MN, MA Nawaz, W. Ahmad, M. Afzal, AU Malik and BA Saleem, 2010. Evaluat... more To cite this paper: Khan, MN, MA Nawaz, W. Ahmad, M. Afzal, AU Malik and BA Saleem, 2010. Evaluation of some exotic cultivars of sweet orange in Punjab, Pakistan. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 12: 729733 ... Evaluation of some Exotic Cultivars of Sweet Orange in Punjab,
To cite this paper: Hussain, S., N.N. Nawab, M.A. Ali, A. Hussain, M.A. Nawaz and T.A. Malik, 201... more To cite this paper: Hussain, S., N.N. Nawab, M.A. Ali, A. Hussain, M.A. Nawaz and T.A. Malik, 2010. Evaluation of performance, genetic divergence and character association of some polygenic traits in upland cotton.
… JOURNAL OF BOTANY, 2006
Citrus is a leading fruit crop of Pakistan. Among citrus cultivars, Kinnow is the most prominent ... more Citrus is a leading fruit crop of Pakistan. Among citrus cultivars, Kinnow is the most prominent and shares about 95% of total citrus production in Pakistan. The monopolized cultivation of Kinnow scion grafted over rough lemon needs a substituted rootstock for higher yield/return and ...
Sixteen Snapdragon cultivars were imported from United States of America (PanAmerica Seeds, Chica... more Sixteen Snapdragon cultivars were imported from United States of America (PanAmerica Seeds, Chicago. IL) and were grown at University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha for their outdoor field performance as cut flower production. Data were collected on various vegetative parameters (number of leaves per plant, plant height, number of secondary branches per plant, number of nodes per plant, stem fresh weight and stem dry weight) and flower spike (days for bud formation, days to bud opening, flower spike length, number of buds per spike). The experiment was laid out according to randomized complete block design (RCBD). The data regarding various growth parameters were analyzed by using standard statistical techniques. The studies revealed that Maryland White Yellow, Potomac Orange Dark, Maryland Golden Bronze, Maryland Pink True and Apollo Cinnamon cultivars of Snapdragon performed well for vegetative growth under existing environmental conditions and produced better quality flower spikes compared to other cultivars tested.