John East - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by John East

Max Robert Herde (1885-1952) was a marine mechanic who served for more than three years as an art... more Max Robert Herde (1885-1952) was a marine mechanic who served for more than three years as an artilleryman with the German forces in German East Africa (Tanzania) during the First World War. In 1932 he published a memoir of his experiences under the pseudonym, Maximilian Decher. Unlike the authors of all the other German memoirs and histories of the East African campaign, Herde/Decher was an enlisted man, not an officer or senior civil servant. His politics were markedly left-of-centre, and he showed an unusual degree of empathy for the sufferings of the African population under the German colonial regime. As he graphically described in his book, those sufferings were greatly exacerbated during the war, and he deliberately set out to record the brutal treatment of the hundreds of thousands of Africans who served as porters for the German military. His description of the East African campaign "from below" is unique in the literature on the campaign published in Germany after the war. This selective English translation makes this valuable and neglected historical source more widely accessible.

The Baroque Revival in British architecture emerged during the 1880s and was based upon English a... more The Baroque Revival in British architecture emerged during the 1880s and was based upon English architecture of the school of Christopher Wren and his followers. This new movement reached its zenith during the early years of the reign of King Edward VII, and it is often referred to as the Edwardian Baroque. It was a flamboyantly nationalistic style which was soon embraced throughout the British Empire. In Brisbane it was influential in the work of talented architects such as Robin S. Dods, Lange L. Powell, and Leslie G. Corrie. More importantly, it was adopted by the Queensland Department of Public Works and applied to many major public buildings througout the state. This study of the Baroque Revival in Brisbane is based upon a sample of about sixty Brisbane buildings erected (or at least designed) under the influence of the Baroque Revival. A catalogue of these buildings is provided in the appendix.

Andrea Stombuco (ca 1820-1907) was an Italian-born sculptor and stonemason who first visited Aust... more Andrea Stombuco (ca 1820-1907) was an Italian-born sculptor and stonemason who first visited Australia in 1852 and settled permanently there in 1854. He was a self-taught architect who practised in Victoria (1854-1869), New South Wales (1869-1875), Queensland (1875-1891) and Western Australia (1892-1897). As one of the few Catholic architects working in Australia at that time he enjoyed the patronage of the Catholic Church, and designed significant ecclesiastical buildings, including the Catholic cathedral in Goulburn, NSW. He is best remembered for a now-demolished opera house in Brisbane, but he also designed some large mansions in Brisbane, such as Sans Souci (later called Palma Rosa). This study surveys and illustrates Stombuco's work in Australia.

Kurt Wahle (1854-1928) was a retired German general who arrived as a tourist in German East Afric... more Kurt Wahle (1854-1928) was a retired German general who arrived as a tourist in German East Africa (Tanzania) on the day before the outbreak of the First World War. Shortly afterwards he was incorporated into the German colonial military force and saw active service throughout the campaign in East Africa, under the leadership of Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck (whom Wahle technically outranked). In 1920 Wahle published his memoirs of the campaign in the form of a short book intended for private circulation only. Few copies of this work survive, and as a result it has been little used by historians. Wahle's memoirs are a useful source for the history of those operations in which he played a leading role. His relationship with Lettow was not always amicable, and his memoirs contain candid criticisms of the German commander. This English translation of Wahle's memoirs includes a biographical sketch of the author.

This study charts the emergence of the Brisbane suburb of Greenslopes from the beginnings of whit... more This study charts the emergence of the Brisbane suburb of Greenslopes from the beginnings of white settlement until 1945. Greenslopes was a typical ribbon-development, based around the major arterial road running south from Brisbane. The study focuses on the development of both the suburban fabric (streets and houses) as well as the services (shops, transport, and public utilities) which made that development possible. As very little has hitherto been written on the subject, this study relies heavily on primary sources. The final two chapters provide a history of residential architecture in Greenslopes up until 1945, based on illustrations of precisely dated houses.

In the two and a half decades from the early 1890s until the end of the First World War, a number... more In the two and a half decades from the early 1890s until the end of the First World War, a number of one-storey residences were erected for affluent homeowners in Brisbane to designs which were sufficiently similar to constitute a distinctive style. This style is now generally called the "Federation Bungalow," a label which is problematic and has multiple meanings. Despite these terminological difficulties, the elite Federation Bungalow is a much-admired element of Brisbane's architectural heritage, and there are still many fine examples surviving in the older suburbs. It is the aim of the present publication to examine this attractive style in more detail, based on a sample of fifty houses, which have been dated and attributed to a specific architect, and for which some form of pictorial evidence is available.

Carl Peters (1856-1918) was the most controversial figure from the German colonial period in Tanz... more Carl Peters (1856-1918) was the most controversial figure from the German colonial period in Tanzania. He was responsible for the establishment of the colony of German East Africa in 1885, but his ruthless brutality, impetuous behaviour, and inveterate dishonesty led to his downfall and his self-imposed exile from Germany in 1897. This collection of published and unpublished sources relates to the four periods of Peters' activity in East Africa, namely the Usagara Expedition (1884-85), his work as representative of the German East African Company at Zanzibar (1887-88), his leadership of the German Emin Pasha Relief Expedition (1888-90), and his role as Imperial Commissioner at Kilimanjaro (1891-2). The sources are translated into English, with brief annotations. An introduction gives an overview of Peters' life and career.

The first section of this history of bank architecture in the Australian city of Brisbane gives a... more The first section of this history of bank architecture in the Australian city of Brisbane gives a short survey of the major banks erected in the city during the nineteenth century, before discussing, in overview, the developments in bank architecture in Brisbane during the first forty years of the twentieth century. The second section is devoted to a detailed study of ten major bank buildings erected in the city between 1911 and 1942.

The aim of this study is to identify, illustrate, and describe, as far as possible, each building... more The aim of this study is to identify, illustrate, and describe, as far as possible, each building erected in George Street in the Brisbane CBD between 1825 and 1941. It thus provides a large sample of the commercial, administrative, residential, and educational architecture of Brisbane from the convict era to the Second World War, spanning architectural styles from the Georgian to the Functionalist. In addition, the introduction provides a general overview of the history of the street, and an architectural survey by building type (houses, shops, hotels, etc.). This study also includes much information on the businesses which were active in George Street during the period in question.

When the German military officer, Tom Prince, marched to Uhehe early in 1896 to impose German rul... more When the German military officer, Tom Prince, marched to Uhehe early in 1896 to impose German rule on the warlike Hehe people and their very effective military leader, Mkwawa, he took the unusual step of bringing his wife with him. Magdalene Prince, née von Massow (1870-1935), was the strong-minded offspring of a very conservative, militaristic Prussian Junker family. For the next three years she would live at the German military station at Iringa, where she kept a diary which she first published, in edited form, in 1903. It is a valuable source for the history of the Hehe Wars, which finally ended with the death of Mkwawa in July 1898. It also gives an interesting picture of life on a German military station in the interior of the colony of German East Africa, and tells us much about the role of women in that very masculine environment. This English translation includes a large number of other documents, mostly written by German military officers, which give further information on the anti-insurgency operations conducted by the German troops in Uhehe.

Benjamin Backhouse (1829-1904) was a prominent nineteenth-century Australian architect who practi... more Benjamin Backhouse (1829-1904) was a prominent nineteenth-century Australian architect who practised in Geelong and Ballarat (1853-1860), Brisbane (1861-1868), and Sydney (1868-1884). He was also an active social reformer and politician. This study gives an overview of Backhouse's life and career, but focuses on the seven years that he spent in Queensland. Backhouse was one of the first professional architects to work in Brisbane, and he made a significant contribution to the establishment of the urban fabric of the new colonial capital, designing buildings of all types. An appendix catalogues all of his significant Queensland buildings, for which some form of pictorial evidence survives.

Hans Paasche (1881-1920) was a German naval officer who served in the Rufiji valley of what is no... more Hans Paasche (1881-1920) was a German naval officer who served in the Rufiji valley of what is now Tanzania from August 1905 to February 1906, during the first phase of the Maji Maji Rebellion. His memoirs give us a useful picture of the course of the rebellion in that district, which was just north of the Matumbi Hills, where the rebellion had broken out. Paasche was not a typical German military officer, and his observations of African life in the Rufiji valley are of considerable interest. However his memoirs, published in 1907, give only occasional hints that Paasche would subsequently become a leading pacifist in Germany, and a bitter opponent of the colonial project.

G.H.M. Addison (1857-1922) was one of the leading Brisbane architects of the Federation period. T... more G.H.M. Addison (1857-1922) was one of the leading Brisbane architects of the Federation period. This study of his life and work begins by examining his training and early career in England, where he came under the influence of the Aesthetic Movement. It goes on to describe his work in Melbourne (1883-86) and his long career in Brisbane (1886-1922). In the years around 1890 Addison designed some large Brisbane houses with outstandingly decorative interiors, and it is for these that he is best remembered. His partnership with Leslie G. Corrie during the years 1898 to 1905 was very productive and included a number of fine commercial buildings. During the final phase of his career, from 1905 to 1922, Addison established his reputation as an expert in the refurbishment and remodelling of hotels, but he also found time to design a handful of attractive churches, three of them in the Romanesque style.

Rochus Schmidt (1860-1938) was a German military officer who took part in the suppression of the ... more Rochus Schmidt (1860-1938) was a German military officer who took part in the suppression of the Coastal Rebellion of 1888-1890 in German East Africa (now Tanzania). Soon after the end of the rebellion he published what is still the most detailed military history of the insurrection. As well as recounting the events, Schmidt was also defending the German colonial project in East Africa, and protecting the reputation of the German military in the colony, and in particular their leader, Hermann von Wissmann. Schmidt's history includes a quite damning attack on Wissmann's successor, Julius von Soden, who was the first civilian governor of German East Africa. This English translation of Schmidt's history is intended to make an important historical source available to a wider readership.

This study is a descriptive catalogue of ninety buildings which were newly erected (or significan... more This study is a descriptive catalogue of ninety buildings which were newly erected (or significantly altered) in Brisbane's main thoroughfare, Queen Street, from 1901 to 1941. These buildings form a representative sample of Brisbane's commercial architecture during the Federation and Interwar periods. The study also includes an overview of the development of Queen Street during those years, and information on the architectural styles represented in the sample. There is also a brief summary of the building techniques in use at that time, and general comments are made on the design of specific building types (retail, banking and insurance, office buildings, hotels, cinemas, cafés). Maps are provided to locate the buildings, many of which have been demolished.

The German military officer, Tom von Prince (1866-1914), is one of the best known figures in the ... more The German military officer, Tom von Prince (1866-1914), is one of the best known figures in the history of German East Africa (Tanzania). His memoirs cover the period from 1890 to 1895, when Prince was involved in the latter phases of the suppression of the Abushiri Rebellion, and then in the containment of the Hehe chief, Mkwawa, who was the most successful opponent of the German military forces in East Africa. Prince also took part in Wissmann's expedition to Kilimanjaro in 1891, and he directed the final suppression of African resistance in Unyamwezi (1893) and Ugogo (1895). Prince's memoirs are a rich source for the military historian, but they also give much general information on the early colonial history of Tanzania.

This study aims to provide a complete architectural history of Queen Street, the main street of B... more This study aims to provide a complete architectural history of Queen Street, the main street of Brisbane, Queensland, from 1825 to 1900. The first section provides an overview of the topic, with a history of the development of the street during the nineteenth century, plus information on building materials used, and a study of building styles, and finally an analysis of major building types (houses, shops, banks and insurance companies, hotels). The second section is structured around a block-by-block listing of the buildings which were standing in Queen Street in 1900. For each building a detailed description and history is given, plus a history of any earlier buildings which may have stood on the same site. Of necessity this study includes much information on the businesses which were active in Queen Street during the nineteenth century.

Heinrich Schnee (1871-1949) served in the German colonial service from 1898 to 1918. His memoirs ... more Heinrich Schnee (1871-1949) served in the German colonial service from 1898 to 1918. His memoirs deal with his service in the Bismarck Archipelago of New Guinea (1898-1900), western Samoa (1900-3), and Tanzania (1912-18), and also with the intervening periods when he was employed in the Colonial Office in Berlin in increasingly senior positions. They also give considerable attention to his role in the East African Campaign during the First World War. The book also includes a few sketches from the period of the Weimar Republic in Germany, especially regarding Schnee's efforts to recover the colonies which Germany had lost under the Treaty of Versailles.

Claude William Chambers (1861-1947) had trained and worked as an architect in Melbourne and Sydne... more Claude William Chambers (1861-1947) had trained and worked as an architect in Melbourne and Sydney before coming to Brisbane in 1885. From 1889 to 1914 he was partner or solo practitioner in a series of architectural practices in that city, before moving to Sydney in 1915, where he spent the rest of his long working life. The present study focuses on Chambers' work in Brisbane, in the decades straddling 1900. His output included many fine examples of maritime, commercial and domestic architecture, in the styles popular during the period around Federation. An appendix gives details of about sixty of Chambers' Brisbane projects.

In 1907, the head of the German Colonial Office, Bernhard Dernburg, spent two and a half months t... more In 1907, the head of the German Colonial Office, Bernhard Dernburg, spent two and a half months touring the colony of German East Africa (modern Tanzania), accompanied by a large entourage which included his good friend, the industrialist and banker, Walther Rathenau. The reports which Dernburg and Rathenau submitted to the German chancellor in November 1907, following their return to Germany, are translated here. The topics discussed are wide-ranging: agriculture, transport (especially railways), labour, race relations, the legal system, European settlement, taxation, the colonial administration and its officials, public health, communal administration, and currency. Both reports particularly stress the economic importance of African smallholder agriculture, and the need to construct railways to tap the economic resources of the inland regions.

Max Robert Herde (1885-1952) was a marine mechanic who served for more than three years as an art... more Max Robert Herde (1885-1952) was a marine mechanic who served for more than three years as an artilleryman with the German forces in German East Africa (Tanzania) during the First World War. In 1932 he published a memoir of his experiences under the pseudonym, Maximilian Decher. Unlike the authors of all the other German memoirs and histories of the East African campaign, Herde/Decher was an enlisted man, not an officer or senior civil servant. His politics were markedly left-of-centre, and he showed an unusual degree of empathy for the sufferings of the African population under the German colonial regime. As he graphically described in his book, those sufferings were greatly exacerbated during the war, and he deliberately set out to record the brutal treatment of the hundreds of thousands of Africans who served as porters for the German military. His description of the East African campaign "from below" is unique in the literature on the campaign published in Germany after the war. This selective English translation makes this valuable and neglected historical source more widely accessible.

The Baroque Revival in British architecture emerged during the 1880s and was based upon English a... more The Baroque Revival in British architecture emerged during the 1880s and was based upon English architecture of the school of Christopher Wren and his followers. This new movement reached its zenith during the early years of the reign of King Edward VII, and it is often referred to as the Edwardian Baroque. It was a flamboyantly nationalistic style which was soon embraced throughout the British Empire. In Brisbane it was influential in the work of talented architects such as Robin S. Dods, Lange L. Powell, and Leslie G. Corrie. More importantly, it was adopted by the Queensland Department of Public Works and applied to many major public buildings througout the state. This study of the Baroque Revival in Brisbane is based upon a sample of about sixty Brisbane buildings erected (or at least designed) under the influence of the Baroque Revival. A catalogue of these buildings is provided in the appendix.

Andrea Stombuco (ca 1820-1907) was an Italian-born sculptor and stonemason who first visited Aust... more Andrea Stombuco (ca 1820-1907) was an Italian-born sculptor and stonemason who first visited Australia in 1852 and settled permanently there in 1854. He was a self-taught architect who practised in Victoria (1854-1869), New South Wales (1869-1875), Queensland (1875-1891) and Western Australia (1892-1897). As one of the few Catholic architects working in Australia at that time he enjoyed the patronage of the Catholic Church, and designed significant ecclesiastical buildings, including the Catholic cathedral in Goulburn, NSW. He is best remembered for a now-demolished opera house in Brisbane, but he also designed some large mansions in Brisbane, such as Sans Souci (later called Palma Rosa). This study surveys and illustrates Stombuco's work in Australia.

Kurt Wahle (1854-1928) was a retired German general who arrived as a tourist in German East Afric... more Kurt Wahle (1854-1928) was a retired German general who arrived as a tourist in German East Africa (Tanzania) on the day before the outbreak of the First World War. Shortly afterwards he was incorporated into the German colonial military force and saw active service throughout the campaign in East Africa, under the leadership of Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck (whom Wahle technically outranked). In 1920 Wahle published his memoirs of the campaign in the form of a short book intended for private circulation only. Few copies of this work survive, and as a result it has been little used by historians. Wahle's memoirs are a useful source for the history of those operations in which he played a leading role. His relationship with Lettow was not always amicable, and his memoirs contain candid criticisms of the German commander. This English translation of Wahle's memoirs includes a biographical sketch of the author.

This study charts the emergence of the Brisbane suburb of Greenslopes from the beginnings of whit... more This study charts the emergence of the Brisbane suburb of Greenslopes from the beginnings of white settlement until 1945. Greenslopes was a typical ribbon-development, based around the major arterial road running south from Brisbane. The study focuses on the development of both the suburban fabric (streets and houses) as well as the services (shops, transport, and public utilities) which made that development possible. As very little has hitherto been written on the subject, this study relies heavily on primary sources. The final two chapters provide a history of residential architecture in Greenslopes up until 1945, based on illustrations of precisely dated houses.

In the two and a half decades from the early 1890s until the end of the First World War, a number... more In the two and a half decades from the early 1890s until the end of the First World War, a number of one-storey residences were erected for affluent homeowners in Brisbane to designs which were sufficiently similar to constitute a distinctive style. This style is now generally called the "Federation Bungalow," a label which is problematic and has multiple meanings. Despite these terminological difficulties, the elite Federation Bungalow is a much-admired element of Brisbane's architectural heritage, and there are still many fine examples surviving in the older suburbs. It is the aim of the present publication to examine this attractive style in more detail, based on a sample of fifty houses, which have been dated and attributed to a specific architect, and for which some form of pictorial evidence is available.

Carl Peters (1856-1918) was the most controversial figure from the German colonial period in Tanz... more Carl Peters (1856-1918) was the most controversial figure from the German colonial period in Tanzania. He was responsible for the establishment of the colony of German East Africa in 1885, but his ruthless brutality, impetuous behaviour, and inveterate dishonesty led to his downfall and his self-imposed exile from Germany in 1897. This collection of published and unpublished sources relates to the four periods of Peters' activity in East Africa, namely the Usagara Expedition (1884-85), his work as representative of the German East African Company at Zanzibar (1887-88), his leadership of the German Emin Pasha Relief Expedition (1888-90), and his role as Imperial Commissioner at Kilimanjaro (1891-2). The sources are translated into English, with brief annotations. An introduction gives an overview of Peters' life and career.

The first section of this history of bank architecture in the Australian city of Brisbane gives a... more The first section of this history of bank architecture in the Australian city of Brisbane gives a short survey of the major banks erected in the city during the nineteenth century, before discussing, in overview, the developments in bank architecture in Brisbane during the first forty years of the twentieth century. The second section is devoted to a detailed study of ten major bank buildings erected in the city between 1911 and 1942.

The aim of this study is to identify, illustrate, and describe, as far as possible, each building... more The aim of this study is to identify, illustrate, and describe, as far as possible, each building erected in George Street in the Brisbane CBD between 1825 and 1941. It thus provides a large sample of the commercial, administrative, residential, and educational architecture of Brisbane from the convict era to the Second World War, spanning architectural styles from the Georgian to the Functionalist. In addition, the introduction provides a general overview of the history of the street, and an architectural survey by building type (houses, shops, hotels, etc.). This study also includes much information on the businesses which were active in George Street during the period in question.

When the German military officer, Tom Prince, marched to Uhehe early in 1896 to impose German rul... more When the German military officer, Tom Prince, marched to Uhehe early in 1896 to impose German rule on the warlike Hehe people and their very effective military leader, Mkwawa, he took the unusual step of bringing his wife with him. Magdalene Prince, née von Massow (1870-1935), was the strong-minded offspring of a very conservative, militaristic Prussian Junker family. For the next three years she would live at the German military station at Iringa, where she kept a diary which she first published, in edited form, in 1903. It is a valuable source for the history of the Hehe Wars, which finally ended with the death of Mkwawa in July 1898. It also gives an interesting picture of life on a German military station in the interior of the colony of German East Africa, and tells us much about the role of women in that very masculine environment. This English translation includes a large number of other documents, mostly written by German military officers, which give further information on the anti-insurgency operations conducted by the German troops in Uhehe.

Benjamin Backhouse (1829-1904) was a prominent nineteenth-century Australian architect who practi... more Benjamin Backhouse (1829-1904) was a prominent nineteenth-century Australian architect who practised in Geelong and Ballarat (1853-1860), Brisbane (1861-1868), and Sydney (1868-1884). He was also an active social reformer and politician. This study gives an overview of Backhouse's life and career, but focuses on the seven years that he spent in Queensland. Backhouse was one of the first professional architects to work in Brisbane, and he made a significant contribution to the establishment of the urban fabric of the new colonial capital, designing buildings of all types. An appendix catalogues all of his significant Queensland buildings, for which some form of pictorial evidence survives.

Hans Paasche (1881-1920) was a German naval officer who served in the Rufiji valley of what is no... more Hans Paasche (1881-1920) was a German naval officer who served in the Rufiji valley of what is now Tanzania from August 1905 to February 1906, during the first phase of the Maji Maji Rebellion. His memoirs give us a useful picture of the course of the rebellion in that district, which was just north of the Matumbi Hills, where the rebellion had broken out. Paasche was not a typical German military officer, and his observations of African life in the Rufiji valley are of considerable interest. However his memoirs, published in 1907, give only occasional hints that Paasche would subsequently become a leading pacifist in Germany, and a bitter opponent of the colonial project.

G.H.M. Addison (1857-1922) was one of the leading Brisbane architects of the Federation period. T... more G.H.M. Addison (1857-1922) was one of the leading Brisbane architects of the Federation period. This study of his life and work begins by examining his training and early career in England, where he came under the influence of the Aesthetic Movement. It goes on to describe his work in Melbourne (1883-86) and his long career in Brisbane (1886-1922). In the years around 1890 Addison designed some large Brisbane houses with outstandingly decorative interiors, and it is for these that he is best remembered. His partnership with Leslie G. Corrie during the years 1898 to 1905 was very productive and included a number of fine commercial buildings. During the final phase of his career, from 1905 to 1922, Addison established his reputation as an expert in the refurbishment and remodelling of hotels, but he also found time to design a handful of attractive churches, three of them in the Romanesque style.

Rochus Schmidt (1860-1938) was a German military officer who took part in the suppression of the ... more Rochus Schmidt (1860-1938) was a German military officer who took part in the suppression of the Coastal Rebellion of 1888-1890 in German East Africa (now Tanzania). Soon after the end of the rebellion he published what is still the most detailed military history of the insurrection. As well as recounting the events, Schmidt was also defending the German colonial project in East Africa, and protecting the reputation of the German military in the colony, and in particular their leader, Hermann von Wissmann. Schmidt's history includes a quite damning attack on Wissmann's successor, Julius von Soden, who was the first civilian governor of German East Africa. This English translation of Schmidt's history is intended to make an important historical source available to a wider readership.

This study is a descriptive catalogue of ninety buildings which were newly erected (or significan... more This study is a descriptive catalogue of ninety buildings which were newly erected (or significantly altered) in Brisbane's main thoroughfare, Queen Street, from 1901 to 1941. These buildings form a representative sample of Brisbane's commercial architecture during the Federation and Interwar periods. The study also includes an overview of the development of Queen Street during those years, and information on the architectural styles represented in the sample. There is also a brief summary of the building techniques in use at that time, and general comments are made on the design of specific building types (retail, banking and insurance, office buildings, hotels, cinemas, cafés). Maps are provided to locate the buildings, many of which have been demolished.

The German military officer, Tom von Prince (1866-1914), is one of the best known figures in the ... more The German military officer, Tom von Prince (1866-1914), is one of the best known figures in the history of German East Africa (Tanzania). His memoirs cover the period from 1890 to 1895, when Prince was involved in the latter phases of the suppression of the Abushiri Rebellion, and then in the containment of the Hehe chief, Mkwawa, who was the most successful opponent of the German military forces in East Africa. Prince also took part in Wissmann's expedition to Kilimanjaro in 1891, and he directed the final suppression of African resistance in Unyamwezi (1893) and Ugogo (1895). Prince's memoirs are a rich source for the military historian, but they also give much general information on the early colonial history of Tanzania.

This study aims to provide a complete architectural history of Queen Street, the main street of B... more This study aims to provide a complete architectural history of Queen Street, the main street of Brisbane, Queensland, from 1825 to 1900. The first section provides an overview of the topic, with a history of the development of the street during the nineteenth century, plus information on building materials used, and a study of building styles, and finally an analysis of major building types (houses, shops, banks and insurance companies, hotels). The second section is structured around a block-by-block listing of the buildings which were standing in Queen Street in 1900. For each building a detailed description and history is given, plus a history of any earlier buildings which may have stood on the same site. Of necessity this study includes much information on the businesses which were active in Queen Street during the nineteenth century.

Heinrich Schnee (1871-1949) served in the German colonial service from 1898 to 1918. His memoirs ... more Heinrich Schnee (1871-1949) served in the German colonial service from 1898 to 1918. His memoirs deal with his service in the Bismarck Archipelago of New Guinea (1898-1900), western Samoa (1900-3), and Tanzania (1912-18), and also with the intervening periods when he was employed in the Colonial Office in Berlin in increasingly senior positions. They also give considerable attention to his role in the East African Campaign during the First World War. The book also includes a few sketches from the period of the Weimar Republic in Germany, especially regarding Schnee's efforts to recover the colonies which Germany had lost under the Treaty of Versailles.

Claude William Chambers (1861-1947) had trained and worked as an architect in Melbourne and Sydne... more Claude William Chambers (1861-1947) had trained and worked as an architect in Melbourne and Sydney before coming to Brisbane in 1885. From 1889 to 1914 he was partner or solo practitioner in a series of architectural practices in that city, before moving to Sydney in 1915, where he spent the rest of his long working life. The present study focuses on Chambers' work in Brisbane, in the decades straddling 1900. His output included many fine examples of maritime, commercial and domestic architecture, in the styles popular during the period around Federation. An appendix gives details of about sixty of Chambers' Brisbane projects.

In 1907, the head of the German Colonial Office, Bernhard Dernburg, spent two and a half months t... more In 1907, the head of the German Colonial Office, Bernhard Dernburg, spent two and a half months touring the colony of German East Africa (modern Tanzania), accompanied by a large entourage which included his good friend, the industrialist and banker, Walther Rathenau. The reports which Dernburg and Rathenau submitted to the German chancellor in November 1907, following their return to Germany, are translated here. The topics discussed are wide-ranging: agriculture, transport (especially railways), labour, race relations, the legal system, European settlement, taxation, the colonial administration and its officials, public health, communal administration, and currency. Both reports particularly stress the economic importance of African smallholder agriculture, and the need to construct railways to tap the economic resources of the inland regions.