Laurence Walsh | The University of Queensland, Australia (original) (raw)

Papers by Laurence Walsh

Journal of Materials Chemistry B

Surface functionalized MSNs with large radial pores delivered miRNA-26a-5p into rat bone marrow m... more Surface functionalized MSNs with large radial pores delivered miRNA-26a-5p into rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and promote their osteogenic differentiation. Lyophilized dry powder formulation remained functional after 6 months of storage.

Recent Progress in Materials, 2021

Subsurface remineralization can be promoted by the topical application of nanoparticles of casein... more Subsurface remineralization can be promoted by the topical application of nanoparticles of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP). To assess changes in enamel white spot lesions, an in situ proof-of-concept investigation was performed using 5 subjects (all of whom were healthy young adults) with a cross-over study design. Custom orthodontic brackets were attached to the buccal surfaces of the maxillary second premolar and first molar teeth. Each bracket had a recess that held a slab of enamel with a standardized 100 μm deep white spot lesion (WSL). Changes in mineral were evaluated in lesion cross sections using backscatter electron imaging (BSE) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The following products were applied twice daily for 2 weeks: GC Tooth Mousse™ (CPP-ACP), Tooth Mousse Plus™ (CPP-ACFP), CPP-ACFP Mineral Enhanced (CPP-ACFP Enh), or the vehicle paste of CPP-ACFP containing 900 ppm fluoride. To ensure blinding, all products had identical flavours ...

Infertility affects approximately 15% of couples worldwide, an estimated 30% of which is related ... more Infertility affects approximately 15% of couples worldwide, an estimated 30% of which is related to male factor infertility. Application of low level laser therapy (LLLT) to improve fertility status is a rapidly growing discipline in medicine. Laser therapy triggers a variety of biological processes through interaction with primary cellular photoacceptors. The present review aims at evaluating the literature available in the MEDLINE/ PubMed on cellular and molecular mechanisms of photobiomodulation in the domains of reproductive and veterinary medicine. We primarily focused on the clinical application of laser treatment on seminal quality, in particular its role in promoting spermatozoa motility, as well as the role of phototherapy in modulating assisted reproduction (ART). Additionally, we investigated the strength of evidence in support of the positive impact of photobiomodulation on facilitating ART.

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, 2016

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, 2015

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, 2015

Aim Tetracycline-stained tooth structure is difficult to bleach using nightguard tray methods. Th... more Aim Tetracycline-stained tooth structure is difficult to bleach using nightguard tray methods. The possible benefits of in-office light-accelerated bleaching systems based on the photo-Fenton reaction are of interest as possible adjunctive treatments. This study was a proof of concept for possible benefits of this approach, using dentine slabs from human tooth roots stained in a reproducible manner with the tetracycline antibiotic demeclocycline hydrochloride. Materials and methods Color changes overtime in tetracycline stained roots from single rooted teeth treated using gel (Zoom! WhiteSpeed®) alone, blue LED light alone, or gel plus light in combination were tracked using standardized digital photography. Controls received no treatment. Changes in color channel data were tracked overtime, for each treatment group (N = 20 per group). Results Dentin was lighter after bleaching, with significant improvements in the dentin color for the blue channel (yellow shade) followed by the gre...

Lasers in Medical Science, 2014

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine, 2002

Both antigen-specific and non-specific mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of oral lic... more Both antigen-specific and non-specific mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP). Antigen-specific mechanisms in OLP include antigen presentation by basal keratinocytes and antigen-specific keratinocyte killing by CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells. Non-specific mechanisms include mast cell degranulation and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activation in OLP lesions. These mechanisms may combine to cause T-cell accumulation in the superficial lamina propria, basement membrane disruption, intra-epithelial T-cell migration, and keratinocyte apoptosis in OLP. OLP chronicity may be due, in part, to deficient antigen-specific TGF-β1-mediated immunosuppression. The normal oral mucosa may be an immune privileged site (similar to the eye, testis, and placenta), and breakdown of immune privilege could result in OLP and possibly other autoimmune oral mucosal diseases. Recent findings in mucocutaneous graft- versus-host disease, a clinical and histological correlate of liche...

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, 1992

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 1998

abstractThe insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding proteins (IGFBPs) carry IGFs in serum and re... more abstractThe insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding proteins (IGFBPs) carry IGFs in serum and regulate their activity and bioavailability. The main IGFBP in serum, IGFBP-3, is known to form a 150-kDa complex with IGFs and the acid-labile subunit (ALS).We investigated the binding of IGFBP-3 to additional association proteins in human serum (IGFBP-3 APs). Ligand blots, column chromatography, and affinity cross-linking experiments revealed the specific binding of IGFBP-3 to at least three novel serum proteins. These techniques demonstrated the presence of proteins with molecular masses of 70, 100, and 150 kDa that bind IGFBP-3 with high affinity. Serum ALS migrated separately (at 88 kDa) from the novel IGFBP-3 APs (as evident by Western immunoblot), and bound IGFBP-3 weakly (by reverse ligand blots). We also demonstrated that large amounts of one of the IGFBP-3 APs and small amounts of ALS were coimmunoprecipitated with IGFBP-3 from human serum. Similar to ALS, these IGFBP-3 APs are a...

Aktuelle Neurologie, 2006

Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, Jan 16, 2017

To estimate the incidence of dog bite-related injuries requiring public sector hospitalisation in... more To estimate the incidence of dog bite-related injuries requiring public sector hospitalisation in Australia during the period 2001-13. Summary data on public sector hospitalisations due to dog bite-related injuries with an ICD 10-AM W54.0 coding were sourced from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare for the study period 2001-2013. In Australia, on average, 2,061 persons were hospitalised each year for treatment for dog bite injuries at an annual rate of 12.39 (95%CI 12.25-12.53) per 100,000 during 2001-13. The highest annual rates of 25.95 (95%CI 25.16-26.72) and 18.42 (95%CI 17.75-19.07) per 100,000 were for age groups 0-4 and 5-9 years respectively. Rates of recorded events increased over the study period and reached 16.15 (95%CI 15.78-16.52) per 100,000 during 2011-13. Dog bites are a largely unrecognised and growing public health problem in Australia. Implications for public health: There is an increasing public sector burden of hospitalisations for injuries from dog b...

Periodontology and Dental Implantology

Forensic science international, 2017

The objective of this study was to compare the fluorescence properties of dry and wet samples of ... more The objective of this study was to compare the fluorescence properties of dry and wet samples of contemporary tooth-coloured restorative materials using a fluorescence based DSLR camera and a variety of LEDs emitting different wavelengths of visible light as excitation sources. The materials examined included resin composites; ceramics and hybrid restorative materials such as ormocers, Vita Enamic™ and resin reinforced glass-ionomer cements. The levels of fluorescence for each sample under different combinations of incident light wavelengths and filters was analysed by using histogram data for colour channels from Adobe Photoshop software. Fluorescence patterns were influenced by water sorption of the materials. UV-A/Violet light (405±nm) produced the greatest range of luminosity values (10-204) amongst the tooth-coloured restorative materials, and showed the greatest differences between restorations and tooth structure. The best filter combinations with violet light were orange or ...

The laser-induced fluorescence can be used to detect and diagnose dental caries, calculus and bac... more The laser-induced fluorescence can be used to detect and diagnose dental caries, calculus and bacterial biofilms in dental applications. As such the molecular fluorescence phenomenon has been illustrated scientifically and the literatures relating the fluorescence properties of dental tissues have been explored till the literature reviews ultimately led up to the development of the current Laser Fluorescence (LF) devices. These LF devices have been introduced clinically for dental caries, calculus and bacterial detection to replace inaccurate contemporary detection tools. The future for LF technologies in diagnostic dentistry has been indicated as accurate and potentially applicable in a wide range in restorative dentistry, periodontology and endodontics.

Background Workplace non-sharps injuries are a common occurrence in a dental school setting. In d... more Background Workplace non-sharps injuries are a common occurrence in a dental school setting. In dentistry, the importance of preventing non-sharps injuries is often overlooked due to emphasis on sharps-related injuries in clinical and laboratory settings. To analyse the incidences of non-sharps injuries over a 10 year period in a dental school to identify trends and the possible causative factors for these injuries. Methods Injury reports lodged with the UQ Workplace Health and Safety databases between 2009 and 2019 were categorised and analysed. Results Of 1156 incidents reported, 35.7% (n = 413) were non-sharps injuries, the most common type of non-sharps injury was general incidents (48.4%, n = 200). The most common body site for injury was the hands (19.4%, n = 80) and the most common location where an injury occurred was when working in clinical patient care (53.8%, n = 222). The personnel type most at risk of a non-sharps injury fluctuated between students and staff throughout...

The Diagnodent device is based on principles of caries detection by laser fluorescence which were... more The Diagnodent device is based on principles of caries detection by laser fluorescence which were developed in Sweden in the mid-1980s. Since that time, several lasers have been employed for caries detection (such as the argon, carbon dioxide, and excimer lasers). These systems are however more complex to use and more expensive than the visible red diode laser system upon which Diagnodent® is based, and for this reason they have not been used in clinical practice to any significant extent.

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, 2015

Journal of Materials Chemistry B

Surface functionalized MSNs with large radial pores delivered miRNA-26a-5p into rat bone marrow m... more Surface functionalized MSNs with large radial pores delivered miRNA-26a-5p into rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and promote their osteogenic differentiation. Lyophilized dry powder formulation remained functional after 6 months of storage.

Recent Progress in Materials, 2021

Subsurface remineralization can be promoted by the topical application of nanoparticles of casein... more Subsurface remineralization can be promoted by the topical application of nanoparticles of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP). To assess changes in enamel white spot lesions, an in situ proof-of-concept investigation was performed using 5 subjects (all of whom were healthy young adults) with a cross-over study design. Custom orthodontic brackets were attached to the buccal surfaces of the maxillary second premolar and first molar teeth. Each bracket had a recess that held a slab of enamel with a standardized 100 μm deep white spot lesion (WSL). Changes in mineral were evaluated in lesion cross sections using backscatter electron imaging (BSE) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The following products were applied twice daily for 2 weeks: GC Tooth Mousse™ (CPP-ACP), Tooth Mousse Plus™ (CPP-ACFP), CPP-ACFP Mineral Enhanced (CPP-ACFP Enh), or the vehicle paste of CPP-ACFP containing 900 ppm fluoride. To ensure blinding, all products had identical flavours ...

Infertility affects approximately 15% of couples worldwide, an estimated 30% of which is related ... more Infertility affects approximately 15% of couples worldwide, an estimated 30% of which is related to male factor infertility. Application of low level laser therapy (LLLT) to improve fertility status is a rapidly growing discipline in medicine. Laser therapy triggers a variety of biological processes through interaction with primary cellular photoacceptors. The present review aims at evaluating the literature available in the MEDLINE/ PubMed on cellular and molecular mechanisms of photobiomodulation in the domains of reproductive and veterinary medicine. We primarily focused on the clinical application of laser treatment on seminal quality, in particular its role in promoting spermatozoa motility, as well as the role of phototherapy in modulating assisted reproduction (ART). Additionally, we investigated the strength of evidence in support of the positive impact of photobiomodulation on facilitating ART.

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, 2016

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, 2015

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, 2015

Aim Tetracycline-stained tooth structure is difficult to bleach using nightguard tray methods. Th... more Aim Tetracycline-stained tooth structure is difficult to bleach using nightguard tray methods. The possible benefits of in-office light-accelerated bleaching systems based on the photo-Fenton reaction are of interest as possible adjunctive treatments. This study was a proof of concept for possible benefits of this approach, using dentine slabs from human tooth roots stained in a reproducible manner with the tetracycline antibiotic demeclocycline hydrochloride. Materials and methods Color changes overtime in tetracycline stained roots from single rooted teeth treated using gel (Zoom! WhiteSpeed®) alone, blue LED light alone, or gel plus light in combination were tracked using standardized digital photography. Controls received no treatment. Changes in color channel data were tracked overtime, for each treatment group (N = 20 per group). Results Dentin was lighter after bleaching, with significant improvements in the dentin color for the blue channel (yellow shade) followed by the gre...

Lasers in Medical Science, 2014

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine, 2002

Both antigen-specific and non-specific mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of oral lic... more Both antigen-specific and non-specific mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP). Antigen-specific mechanisms in OLP include antigen presentation by basal keratinocytes and antigen-specific keratinocyte killing by CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells. Non-specific mechanisms include mast cell degranulation and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activation in OLP lesions. These mechanisms may combine to cause T-cell accumulation in the superficial lamina propria, basement membrane disruption, intra-epithelial T-cell migration, and keratinocyte apoptosis in OLP. OLP chronicity may be due, in part, to deficient antigen-specific TGF-β1-mediated immunosuppression. The normal oral mucosa may be an immune privileged site (similar to the eye, testis, and placenta), and breakdown of immune privilege could result in OLP and possibly other autoimmune oral mucosal diseases. Recent findings in mucocutaneous graft- versus-host disease, a clinical and histological correlate of liche...

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology, 1992

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 1998

abstractThe insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding proteins (IGFBPs) carry IGFs in serum and re... more abstractThe insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding proteins (IGFBPs) carry IGFs in serum and regulate their activity and bioavailability. The main IGFBP in serum, IGFBP-3, is known to form a 150-kDa complex with IGFs and the acid-labile subunit (ALS).We investigated the binding of IGFBP-3 to additional association proteins in human serum (IGFBP-3 APs). Ligand blots, column chromatography, and affinity cross-linking experiments revealed the specific binding of IGFBP-3 to at least three novel serum proteins. These techniques demonstrated the presence of proteins with molecular masses of 70, 100, and 150 kDa that bind IGFBP-3 with high affinity. Serum ALS migrated separately (at 88 kDa) from the novel IGFBP-3 APs (as evident by Western immunoblot), and bound IGFBP-3 weakly (by reverse ligand blots). We also demonstrated that large amounts of one of the IGFBP-3 APs and small amounts of ALS were coimmunoprecipitated with IGFBP-3 from human serum. Similar to ALS, these IGFBP-3 APs are a...

Aktuelle Neurologie, 2006

Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, Jan 16, 2017

To estimate the incidence of dog bite-related injuries requiring public sector hospitalisation in... more To estimate the incidence of dog bite-related injuries requiring public sector hospitalisation in Australia during the period 2001-13. Summary data on public sector hospitalisations due to dog bite-related injuries with an ICD 10-AM W54.0 coding were sourced from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare for the study period 2001-2013. In Australia, on average, 2,061 persons were hospitalised each year for treatment for dog bite injuries at an annual rate of 12.39 (95%CI 12.25-12.53) per 100,000 during 2001-13. The highest annual rates of 25.95 (95%CI 25.16-26.72) and 18.42 (95%CI 17.75-19.07) per 100,000 were for age groups 0-4 and 5-9 years respectively. Rates of recorded events increased over the study period and reached 16.15 (95%CI 15.78-16.52) per 100,000 during 2011-13. Dog bites are a largely unrecognised and growing public health problem in Australia. Implications for public health: There is an increasing public sector burden of hospitalisations for injuries from dog b...

Periodontology and Dental Implantology

Forensic science international, 2017

The objective of this study was to compare the fluorescence properties of dry and wet samples of ... more The objective of this study was to compare the fluorescence properties of dry and wet samples of contemporary tooth-coloured restorative materials using a fluorescence based DSLR camera and a variety of LEDs emitting different wavelengths of visible light as excitation sources. The materials examined included resin composites; ceramics and hybrid restorative materials such as ormocers, Vita Enamic™ and resin reinforced glass-ionomer cements. The levels of fluorescence for each sample under different combinations of incident light wavelengths and filters was analysed by using histogram data for colour channels from Adobe Photoshop software. Fluorescence patterns were influenced by water sorption of the materials. UV-A/Violet light (405±nm) produced the greatest range of luminosity values (10-204) amongst the tooth-coloured restorative materials, and showed the greatest differences between restorations and tooth structure. The best filter combinations with violet light were orange or ...

The laser-induced fluorescence can be used to detect and diagnose dental caries, calculus and bac... more The laser-induced fluorescence can be used to detect and diagnose dental caries, calculus and bacterial biofilms in dental applications. As such the molecular fluorescence phenomenon has been illustrated scientifically and the literatures relating the fluorescence properties of dental tissues have been explored till the literature reviews ultimately led up to the development of the current Laser Fluorescence (LF) devices. These LF devices have been introduced clinically for dental caries, calculus and bacterial detection to replace inaccurate contemporary detection tools. The future for LF technologies in diagnostic dentistry has been indicated as accurate and potentially applicable in a wide range in restorative dentistry, periodontology and endodontics.

Background Workplace non-sharps injuries are a common occurrence in a dental school setting. In d... more Background Workplace non-sharps injuries are a common occurrence in a dental school setting. In dentistry, the importance of preventing non-sharps injuries is often overlooked due to emphasis on sharps-related injuries in clinical and laboratory settings. To analyse the incidences of non-sharps injuries over a 10 year period in a dental school to identify trends and the possible causative factors for these injuries. Methods Injury reports lodged with the UQ Workplace Health and Safety databases between 2009 and 2019 were categorised and analysed. Results Of 1156 incidents reported, 35.7% (n = 413) were non-sharps injuries, the most common type of non-sharps injury was general incidents (48.4%, n = 200). The most common body site for injury was the hands (19.4%, n = 80) and the most common location where an injury occurred was when working in clinical patient care (53.8%, n = 222). The personnel type most at risk of a non-sharps injury fluctuated between students and staff throughout...

The Diagnodent device is based on principles of caries detection by laser fluorescence which were... more The Diagnodent device is based on principles of caries detection by laser fluorescence which were developed in Sweden in the mid-1980s. Since that time, several lasers have been employed for caries detection (such as the argon, carbon dioxide, and excimer lasers). These systems are however more complex to use and more expensive than the visible red diode laser system upon which Diagnodent® is based, and for this reason they have not been used in clinical practice to any significant extent.

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, 2015