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Books by Arturo de Lombera-Hermida
by Anne-Marie Pétrequin, Pierre Pétrequin, Alison Sheridan, Lutz Klassen, Michel G L Errera, Serge Cassen, Yvan PAILLER, Ramon Fábregas Valcarce, Arturo de Lombera-Hermida, François GILIGNY, Carlos Rodríguez Rellán, Florian Klimscha, Mark Edmonds, Tsoni Tsonev, Massimo Ghedini, Elisabetta Starnini, M. Prieto-martínez, Salvador Domínguez-Bella, Christophe Le Pennec, and Pilar Prieto M
Papers by Arturo de Lombera-Hermida
To the West of Spanish Cantabria: the Palaeolithic settlement of Galicia, 2011, ISBN 9781407308609, págs. 123-132, 2011
La depresión de Monforte de Lemos (Lugo, Galicia). Yacimientos paleolíticos inéditos en el noroeste peninsular, 2007
Being at the Western fringe of Europe, Iberia had a peculiar prehistory and a complex pattern of ... more Being at the Western fringe of Europe, Iberia had a peculiar prehistory and a complex pattern of Neolithization. A few studies, all based on modern populations, reported the presence of DNA of likely African origin in this region, generally concluding it was the result of recent gene flow, probably during the Islamic period. Here we provide evidence of much older gene flow from Africa to Iberia by sequencing whole genomes from four human remains from Northern Portugal and Southern Spain dated around 4,000 years BP (from the Middle Neolithic to the Bronze Age). We found one of them to carry an unequivocal Sub-Saharan mitogenome of most likely West or West-Central African origin, never reported before in prehistoric remains outside Africa. Our analyses of ancient nuclear genomes show small but significant levels of Sub-Saharan African affinity in several ancient Iberian samples, which indicates that what we detected was not an occasional individual phenomenon, but an admixture event recognizable at the population level. We interpret this result as evidence of an early migration process from Africa into the Iberian Peninsula through a Western route, possibly across the Strait of Gibraltar
Across the millennia spanning from the first peopling of NW Iberia to the last tracts of the Bron... more Across the millennia spanning from the first peopling of NW Iberia to the last tracts of the Bronze Age, the human groups have adapted themselves to the environment. Moreover, they were affected by the shifting temperatures, the changes of the vegetal cover and other modifications of the landscape and far from being a passive subject, they often played a significant role in those environmental dynamics.
Prehistoric Art as Prehistoric Culture, 2015
Cova Eirós is located in the province of Lugo, north-western Iberia. The cave site contains a num... more Cova Eirós is located in the province of Lugo, north-western Iberia. The cave site contains a number of Palaeolithic engravings—narrow and shallow grooves—that are dispersed on the walls of the cave. As direct contact with the panel would be extremely harmful for the rock surface, we have decided to use 3D methods to record the motifs. Thus, we applied different techniques based on dense photogrammetry, for example the Radiance Scaling, in order to accomplish a better visualization of the motifs, removing part of the subjectivity that the previous recording methods presented and avoiding direct contact with the panel.
Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2018
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2019
Being at the western fringe of Europe, Iberia had a peculiar prehistory and a complex pattern of ... more Being at the western fringe of Europe, Iberia had a peculiar prehistory and a complex pattern of Neolithization. A few studies, all based on modern populations, reported the presence of DNA of likely African origin in this region, generally concluding it was the result of recent gene flow, probably during the Islamic period. Here, we provide evidence of much older gene flow from Africa to Iberia by sequencing whole genomes from four human remains from northern Portugal and southern Spain dated around 4000 years BP (from the Middle Neolithic to the Bronze Age). We found one of them to carry an unequivocal sub-Saharan mitogenome of most probably West or West-Central African origin, to our knowledge never reported before in prehistoric remains outside Africa. Our analyses of ancient nuclear genomes show small but significant levels of sub-Saharan African affinity in several ancient Iberian samples, which indicates that what we detected was not an occasional individual phenomenon, but a...
Radiocarbon, 2017
At Cova Eirós, we discovered 13 panels with paintings and engravings that stylistically point to ... more At Cova Eirós, we discovered 13 panels with paintings and engravings that stylistically point to the final moments of the Upper Paleolithic. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy were used to identify charcoal as black pigment. Although contamination from medieval fires inside the cave complicates the dating of these pictographs, analyses of unpainted rock backgrounds allowed calculation corrections for contaminated samples. We used plasma oxidation and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to directly radiocarbon (14C) date two charcoal paintings—confirming that the images are more than 9000 yr old. As these paintings superimpose engravings, these14C dates also provide a minimum age for an engraving at Cova Eirós that is stylistically Final Magdalenian/Epipaleolithic. This is the first known evidence of Paleolithic cave art in Galicia of NW Iberia.
Quaternary International, 2016
An outlook of the results of JADE II project on the presence of Alpine axes or their imitations i... more An outlook of the results of JADE II project on the presence of Alpine axes or their imitations in the Iberian Peninsula
Quaternary International, 2016
by Anne-Marie Pétrequin, Pierre Pétrequin, Alison Sheridan, Lutz Klassen, Michel G L Errera, Serge Cassen, Yvan PAILLER, Ramon Fábregas Valcarce, Arturo de Lombera-Hermida, François GILIGNY, Carlos Rodríguez Rellán, Florian Klimscha, Mark Edmonds, Tsoni Tsonev, Massimo Ghedini, Elisabetta Starnini, M. Prieto-martínez, Salvador Domínguez-Bella, Christophe Le Pennec, and Pilar Prieto M
To the West of Spanish Cantabria: the Palaeolithic settlement of Galicia, 2011, ISBN 9781407308609, págs. 123-132, 2011
La depresión de Monforte de Lemos (Lugo, Galicia). Yacimientos paleolíticos inéditos en el noroeste peninsular, 2007
Being at the Western fringe of Europe, Iberia had a peculiar prehistory and a complex pattern of ... more Being at the Western fringe of Europe, Iberia had a peculiar prehistory and a complex pattern of Neolithization. A few studies, all based on modern populations, reported the presence of DNA of likely African origin in this region, generally concluding it was the result of recent gene flow, probably during the Islamic period. Here we provide evidence of much older gene flow from Africa to Iberia by sequencing whole genomes from four human remains from Northern Portugal and Southern Spain dated around 4,000 years BP (from the Middle Neolithic to the Bronze Age). We found one of them to carry an unequivocal Sub-Saharan mitogenome of most likely West or West-Central African origin, never reported before in prehistoric remains outside Africa. Our analyses of ancient nuclear genomes show small but significant levels of Sub-Saharan African affinity in several ancient Iberian samples, which indicates that what we detected was not an occasional individual phenomenon, but an admixture event recognizable at the population level. We interpret this result as evidence of an early migration process from Africa into the Iberian Peninsula through a Western route, possibly across the Strait of Gibraltar
Across the millennia spanning from the first peopling of NW Iberia to the last tracts of the Bron... more Across the millennia spanning from the first peopling of NW Iberia to the last tracts of the Bronze Age, the human groups have adapted themselves to the environment. Moreover, they were affected by the shifting temperatures, the changes of the vegetal cover and other modifications of the landscape and far from being a passive subject, they often played a significant role in those environmental dynamics.
Prehistoric Art as Prehistoric Culture, 2015
Cova Eirós is located in the province of Lugo, north-western Iberia. The cave site contains a num... more Cova Eirós is located in the province of Lugo, north-western Iberia. The cave site contains a number of Palaeolithic engravings—narrow and shallow grooves—that are dispersed on the walls of the cave. As direct contact with the panel would be extremely harmful for the rock surface, we have decided to use 3D methods to record the motifs. Thus, we applied different techniques based on dense photogrammetry, for example the Radiance Scaling, in order to accomplish a better visualization of the motifs, removing part of the subjectivity that the previous recording methods presented and avoiding direct contact with the panel.
Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2018
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2019
Being at the western fringe of Europe, Iberia had a peculiar prehistory and a complex pattern of ... more Being at the western fringe of Europe, Iberia had a peculiar prehistory and a complex pattern of Neolithization. A few studies, all based on modern populations, reported the presence of DNA of likely African origin in this region, generally concluding it was the result of recent gene flow, probably during the Islamic period. Here, we provide evidence of much older gene flow from Africa to Iberia by sequencing whole genomes from four human remains from northern Portugal and southern Spain dated around 4000 years BP (from the Middle Neolithic to the Bronze Age). We found one of them to carry an unequivocal sub-Saharan mitogenome of most probably West or West-Central African origin, to our knowledge never reported before in prehistoric remains outside Africa. Our analyses of ancient nuclear genomes show small but significant levels of sub-Saharan African affinity in several ancient Iberian samples, which indicates that what we detected was not an occasional individual phenomenon, but a...
Radiocarbon, 2017
At Cova Eirós, we discovered 13 panels with paintings and engravings that stylistically point to ... more At Cova Eirós, we discovered 13 panels with paintings and engravings that stylistically point to the final moments of the Upper Paleolithic. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy were used to identify charcoal as black pigment. Although contamination from medieval fires inside the cave complicates the dating of these pictographs, analyses of unpainted rock backgrounds allowed calculation corrections for contaminated samples. We used plasma oxidation and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) to directly radiocarbon (14C) date two charcoal paintings—confirming that the images are more than 9000 yr old. As these paintings superimpose engravings, these14C dates also provide a minimum age for an engraving at Cova Eirós that is stylistically Final Magdalenian/Epipaleolithic. This is the first known evidence of Paleolithic cave art in Galicia of NW Iberia.
Quaternary International, 2016
An outlook of the results of JADE II project on the presence of Alpine axes or their imitations i... more An outlook of the results of JADE II project on the presence of Alpine axes or their imitations in the Iberian Peninsula
Quaternary International, 2016
Servizo de Publicacións, 2011
Geoheritage, 2022
The management of a UNESCO Global Geopark (UGGp) requires a vast wealth of miscellaneous scientif... more The management of a UNESCO Global Geopark (UGGp) requires a vast wealth of miscellaneous scientific knowledge that can be successfully organised using a Geographical Information System (GIS). This paper presents a pragmatic GIS database to assist in the suitable governance of the Courel Mountains UGGp (2017) in Northwest Spain. The database is structured in 66 coverages compiled from public sources and previous works or produced through traditional mapping (combining fieldwork and photointerpretation) and GIS tools. The acquired data was later homogenised and validated by a multidisciplinary team and archived in independent coverages. Forty thematic maps illustrate the broad range of cartographic information included in the GIS database. Among them, 25 basic maps provide an overview of the UGGp and 15 new maps focus on crosscutting and technical issues. All maps illustrate the huge potential of GIS to create new resources combining coverages and adapting the legend according to thei...
Estudos do Quaternário / Quaternary Studies, 2021
In this paper, we deal with the locational analysis of the Cova Eirós site (Triacastela, Lugo), o... more In this paper, we deal with the locational analysis of the Cova Eirós site (Triacastela, Lugo), occupied from the Middle Palaeolithic to the present. From GIS and statistics, we intend to approach those environmental factors that define its importance as a place of occupation over time and on a recurring basis. Once we have analysed the variables that characterize the site’s patterns of use, we have verified that Cova Eirós is an important, prominent and strategic point. The place is very close to the potential transit routes and has great visibility. It is also protected and set on a steep slope. Moreover, the site has hunting resources and raw materials sources nearby. So it is a settlement that presents ideal living conditions for hunter-gatherer groups.
Actualidad de la investigación arqueológica en España II (2019-2020). Conferencias impartidas en el Museo Arqueológico Nacional, 2020
El yacimiento de Cova Eirós, aunque ya conocido desde finales del siglo xx, se está erigiendo com... more El yacimiento de Cova Eirós, aunque ya conocido desde finales del siglo xx, se está erigiendo como una secuencia de referencia para el estudio del Paleolítico medio y superior del noroeste peninsular. Las intervenciones iniciadas en 2008 han proporcionado novedosos datos sobre los grupos neandertales del Paleolítico medio final. El hallazgo de arte rupestre en las galerías interiores y la datación de los motivos han permitido comprender las relaciones culturales de los grupos del Paleolítico superior con aquellos localizados en el interior peninsular
As Gánaras de Budiño es el yacimiento más emblemático del Paleolítico del Noroeste peninsular. La... more As Gánaras de Budiño es el yacimiento más emblemático del Paleolítico del Noroeste peninsular.
La asociación de un registro lítico achelense con unas dataciones del Pleistoceno
superior lo convirtió en uno de los yacimientos más controvertidos. Por ello, son numerosas
las intervenciones arqueológicas y revisiones que intentaron comprender la problemática del
yacimiento desde un punto de vista geomorfológico, sedimentario y arqueológico. En este
capítulo juntamos toda la información espacial referente a dichas intervenciones y ofrecemos
los datos de las intervenciones llevadas a cabo en la década de los 90 y de la revisión de su
industria lítica del Locus I, conjuntos que parecían sugerir la existencia de varias ocupaciones
ampliamente diferenciadas desde el punto de vista temporal en Budiño. Los datos estratigráficos,
tafonómicos y tecnológicos corroboran que gran parte de estas industrias se encuentran
en posición derivada y que, actualmente, todos los conjuntos parecen corresponderse con
ocupaciones desarrolladas en la segunda mitad del Pleistoceno medio.
JADE tome 4: Objets-signes et interprétations sociales des jades alpins dans l’Europe néolithique: 1346-1349, 2017
An updated catalogue of the Alpine (or presumably Alpine) long axes known in the Iberian Peninsula.
JADE tome 3: Objets-signes et interprétations sociales des jades alpins dans l’Europe néolithique: 419-430, 2017
Large polished axes of Alpine jade have circulated across Europe during the 5th and 4th Millennia... more Large polished axes of Alpine jade have circulated across Europe during the 5th and 4th Millennia BC. The presence of Alpine axes in the Iberian Peninsula is more restricted than elsewhere in Western Europe, but still significant.Thirty-seven pieces of probable Alpine origin have been catalogued in Iberia. Along with those Alpine jades, there are long axes made on local stones that could be considered as an imitation of the Alpine examples (ie. the Cangas type).
Sistemas de Información Geográfica, gestión del territorio y conocimiento histórico (Antón A. Rodríguez Casal & Ramón Blanco Chao eds.)
This paper is a new approach to the study of the Palaeolithic sites located in the Monforte de Le... more This paper is a new approach to the study of the Palaeolithic sites located in the Monforte de Lemos basin. Their distributional study allow us to characterize the settlement patterns from the Lower Paleolithic (Mode 2) to the Upper Paleolithic (Mode 4). Geographic Information Systems have been applied in order to define the different patterns and to perform Terrain Analysis such as the calculation
of aspect, slope, average height, least-cost paths, visibility and proximity to river courses and routes. This spatial and diachronic approach lead to the identification of the evolution and variability of the settlement patterns of the Paleolithic sites ascribed to the Mode 2, Mode 3 and Mode 4.
Fábregas Valcarce, R.; de Lombera-Hermida, A.; Viñas Vallverdú, R.; Rodríguez-Álvarez, X.P.; Figu... more Fábregas Valcarce, R.; de Lombera-Hermida, A.; Viñas Vallverdú, R.; Rodríguez-Álvarez, X.P.; Figueiredo, S.S. (2015): Throwing light on the hidden corners. New data on Paleolithic art from NW Iberia. In: Primitiva Bueno Ramírez, Paul G. Bahn (Eds). Prehistoric Art as Prehistoric Culture. Studies in Honour of Professor Rodrigo de Balbín-Behrmann. Archaeopress: 171-180.
García_Medrano, P.; Sala, R.; Canals, A.; de Lombera-Hermida, A.; Mosquera, M.; Ollé, A.; Rodrígu... more García_Medrano, P.; Sala, R.; Canals, A.; de Lombera-Hermida, A.; Mosquera, M.; Ollé, A.; Rodríguez-Álvarez, X.P. (2015): Atapuerca_Galeria and Terra Amata: "Two pieces of the Mode 2 puzzle in Europe." In: Henry de Lumley (Dir.) Terra Amata. Nice, Alpes-Meritimes, France. Tome IV. Fascicule-1. Les Industries acheuléennes. CNRS. Paris, pp: 726-731
Les séquences d’Orgnac 3 et Payre (sud-est France) offrent la possibilité d’examiner des technoco... more Les séquences d’Orgnac 3 et Payre (sud-est France) offrent la possibilité d’examiner des technocomplexes datés entre 350 000 et 200 000 ans (MIS 9 à début MIS 7), une période clé pour bserver l’émergence du Paléolithique moyen en Europe et son développement. De nouvelles datations par TL, ESR, Ar/Ar, TIMS, ainsi que de nouvelles études détaillées sur les stratégies comportementales, permettent aujourd’hui de proposer
une autre lecture des assemblages. À Orgnac 3, les omportements tant lithiques que de subsistance se modifient dans le temps selon des rythmes différents et affectent l’approvisionnement en matières premières, les modes
de débitage, l’outillage, la gestion de la biodiversité animale, le traitement des carcasses et les types d’occupation. Ces modifications ne sont pas en relation avec le changement climatique qui s’amorce au sommet de la séquence (début MIS 8, niveau 1). Ce n’est que vers 280 000 ans (sommet de la séquence d’Orgnac 3 et base de la séquence de Payre, fin MIS 8/ début MIS 7) que les stratégies de subsistance et lithiques obéissent à des
règles communes que l’on peut qualifier clairement de type paléolithique moyen.
El Paleolítico superior …, Jan 1, 2010
Symposium From the Plains to the Plateau: Papers in Honor of James D. Keyser, Apr 2021
The Franco-Cantabrian group of cave art ranks among the best known examples of Paleolithic symbol... more The Franco-Cantabrian group of cave art ranks among the best known examples of Paleolithic symbolic behaviour. For more than a century no decorated cave was reported beyond the Nalón valley in the center of Asturias, until the carvings and paintings from Cova Eirós were discovered. At more than 100 km from the Nalón, Eirós' art remains an isolated spot in the NW Iberian peninsula and, unlike other famous places like Altamira the images from Eirós (horses, bovids and signs) have been dated in a very late stage of the Paleolithic cave art. Still Eirós shows interesting coincidences (in stylistic and chronological terms) with other decorated sites (both caves and open-air) in the Douro valley, sometimes hundreds of kilometers away, hinting at the existence of shared systems of symbolic expression in a moment of environmental and cultural change.
An outlook of the results of JADE II project on the presence of Alpine axes or their imitations i... more An outlook of the results of JADE II project on the presence of Alpine axes or their imitations in the Iberian Peninsula
Paisaxe e Patrimonio -un percorrido polo territorio a través do Arquivo de Galicia, 2017
Across the millennia spanning from the first peopling of NW Iberia to the last tracts of the Bron... more Across the millennia spanning from the first peopling of NW Iberia to the last tracts of the Bronze Age, the human groups have adapted themselves to the environment. Moreover, they were affected by the shifting temperatures, the changes of the vegetal cover and other modifications of the landscape and far from being a passive subject, they often played a significant role in those environmental dynamics.
E. Uleberg (Ed.) Exploring Oceans of Data. Proceedings of the 44th Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology Conference
Cova Eirós is located in the province of Lugo, northwestern Iberia. The cave site contains a numb... more Cova Eirós is located in the province of Lugo, northwestern Iberia. The cave site contains a number of Palaeolithic engravings—narrow and shallow grooves—that are dispersed on the walls of the cave. As direct contact with the panel would be extremely harmful for the rock surface, we have decided to use 3D methods to record the motifs. Thus, we applied different techniques based on dense photogrammetry, for example the Radiance Scaling, in order to accomplish a better visualization of the motifs, removing part of the subjectivity that the previous recording methods presented and avoiding direct contact with the panel.
