Yashwant Katpatal - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Yashwant Katpatal

Spatial Information Research

The atmospheric aerosols and air pollutants affect the earth's atmosphere, human health and clima... more The atmospheric aerosols and air pollutants affect the earth's atmosphere, human health and climate system. Human-induced aerosols and air pollutants are the major causes of the deterioration of air quality. The COVID-19 lockdown restricted the movement of people and vehicles, stopped industrial and agricultural activities and may have impacts on the aerosols in the atmosphere. Spatio-temporal map of MODIS Terra AOD_550 nm, OMI Aura UVAI, Ozone, NO 2 , SO 2 and AIRS CO during the lockdown illustrates the significant reduction in their concentration. During the lockdown, the North India shows a record reduction of over 20% in Aerosol Optical Depth and Aerosol Index values. A substantial decrease in AOD and AI was also observed in Eastern and Western parts of India. The average AOD value were reduced from 1.36 (2016-2019) to 1.09 (2020) over India during the lockdown. The satellite-retrieved aerosol variables over India recorded lowest AOD values on 29th March, 2020 (0.2566) and 21st April 2020 (0.2591). Similarly, air pollutants CO, NO2 and SO2 also significantly reduced in India. Despite all variables showing a reduction in concentration, Ozone recorded an increase in value during lockdown primarily over North and Northeastern parts of India. Western India recorded a substantial reduction in SO 2 (47%) followed by Central India (31%). As pan India is considered, CO was reduced by 1%, NO 2 reduced by 15.29% and SO 2 was reduced by 26.82% during the lockdown period. This abrupt reduction in aerosol and air pollutants concentration over India was mainly due to the lockdown of COVID-19.

Social Science Research Network, 2019

This study is aimed to identify the groundwater recharge potential zones, to be used for better a... more This study is aimed to identify the groundwater recharge potential zones, to be used for better and improved groundwater resources. The thematic layers considered in this study are geomorphology, soil, land use-land cover, slope (%), lithology and lineament, which are prepared using satellite imagery and other conventional data. Each hydrogeomorphic unit is evaluated for its recharge potential and suitably a map showing such groundwater recharge potential zones for appropriate recharge is prepared. The thematic layers are first digitized from satellite imagery, supported by ancillary data such as topo-eets and field investigation data, finally all thematic layers were sh generated. Using ArcGIS software the groundwater recharge potential zones for the study area are identified and maps are generated showing groundwater recharge potential zones namely 'least suitable', 'moderately suitable' and 'most suitable' on knowledge based on weighted factors.

Integrated approach of geospatial visualization and modeling for groundwater management in hard rock terrains in Nagpur Urban Area, India

Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2016

Groundwater management requires complete visualization of aquifer characteristics to understand s... more Groundwater management requires complete visualization of aquifer characteristics to understand scientific aspects and hence remains a challenge, especially in hard rock terrains. In the present research paper, a comprehensive approach using 3D stratigraphic model, fence diagrams and numerical modeling has been proposed to understand the groundwater status for effective recharge. The stratigraphy, groundwater flow, and groundwater fluctuations for the period 1999–2010 were analyzed. The total volume of formations, volume of voids, storage capacity, and quantities of recharge of unconfined aquifer system in the Nagpur urban area were estimated. The steady state groundwater flow model of Basalt formation was calibrated to evaluate the subsurface system using Processing Modflow (PMWIN 5.3.2). The calibrated hydraulic head is compared with field observed head. The comparative spatial analysis presents a simple integrated approach in identifying zones with falling groundwater trends suitable for groundwater recharge in hard rock terrain in Nagpur urban area.

A groundwater flow model for overexploited basaltic aquifer and Bazada formation in India

Environmental Earth Sciences, 2014

ABSTRACT Recent changes in land use practices, such as increase in orange orchards in central Ind... more ABSTRACT Recent changes in land use practices, such as increase in orange orchards in central India, has put undue pressure on the groundwater resources. Excess withdrawal from the aquifers has resulted in groundwater table decline. The stage of groundwater development in some watersheds has reached 155.85 %, converting these into overexploited watersheds. In the present research paper, a groundwater flow model has been developed to evaluate the ground-water system in a basaltic terrain with Bazada formation. A conceptual model has been developed and calibrated for steady and transient states and the sensitivity analysis was carried out. Future predictions, for current scenario where present practices are continued and for scenario with 20 % reduction in groundwater draft have been made, to select the best strategy for mitigating the problem. The modeling results show that the decline in groundwater level in basaltic and Bazada unconfined aquifers will result into drying up (water level more than 15 m bgl) of 243 km 2 area by 2020. To restore the groundwater level, it is sim-ulated that the groundwater draft rate must be reduced by 20 % for next 10 years. It may be achieved by adopting groundwater management strategies, particularly for irri-gation sector. Keywords Overexploitation Á Unconfined basaltic and Bazada aquifer Á MODFLOW Á Groundwater flow model Á India Introduction

Temporal Analyses of Surface and Subsurface Hydrological Regime in a Urban Watershed Between 2000-2010 Using Geoinformatics Approach

Water resources management in the urban watersheds has become crucial in the present due to rapid... more Water resources management in the urban watersheds has become crucial in the present due to rapid growth. Nagpur, the second capital of Maharashtra state has secured water availability from Totladoh dam but still the surface and subsurface hydrology is under stress. Recently MIHAN (Multi Model International Hub Airport Nagpur), Power plants and other infrastructure projects are upcoming fast but in turn it has started impacting the water resource regime negatively. The precise and scientific method to record this change is through using the geoinformatics approach. In the present study, the geoinformatics approach has been used to quantify the temporal changes occurred in the land use/land cover and drainage pattern due fast changing urban scenario. The impact of urban change may be recorded on the ground water quality. The spatial impact on the groundwater quality has been analyzed in the present study using high resolution satellite data for the years between 2000 to 2010 in the Nagpur urban area. Change detection shows the transformation of crop land and fallow land into developed area (i.e. High dense, medium dense, low dense area). Simultaneously changes in the ground water quality for the same years (i.e. 2000 to 2010) has been detected and risk prone areas are identified. In this paper weights are assigned for different parameters like land use land cover, type of soil, drainage networks, slope of the area, fluctuation of water levels in the wells, infiltration rate, chemical properties of ground water etc. based on their importance to surface and subsurface hydrological regime in an urban watershed overlay method has been used for analyses. Finally remedial measures are suggested to restore the current scenario for better development of ground water in future.

Journal of Earth System Science, 2014

The WR-2 watershed is located in the Deccan trap basaltic terrain of Maharashtra State, India. Th... more The WR-2 watershed is located in the Deccan trap basaltic terrain of Maharashtra State, India. The watershed area incorporates a rich orange orchard belt that requires a huge quantity of water for irrigation. This requirement is mostly met through groundwater, extracted from the shallow aquifers of the WR-2 watershed. However, over the years, excess withdrawal of groundwater from these aquifers has resulted in depletion of groundwater level. The declining trends of groundwater level, both long term and short term, have had a negative impact on the groundwater quality of the study area. This effect can be gauged through the rising electrical conductivity (EC) of groundwater in the shallow aquifers (dug wells) of the WR-2 watershed. It is observed that the long term declining trend of groundwater level, during 1977-2010, varied from 0.03 to 0.04 m per year, whereas the corresponding trend of rising EC varied from 1.90 to 2.94 µS/cm per year. During 2007-2010, about 56% dug wells showed a positive correlation between depleting groundwater level and rising EC values. The groundwater level depletion during this period ranged from 0.03 to 0.67 m per year, whereas the corresponding trend of rising EC ranged from 0.52 to 46.91 µS/cm per year. Moreover, the water quality studies reveal that groundwater from more than 50% of the dug wells of the WR-2 watershed is not suitable for drinking purpose. The groundwater, though mostly suitable for irrigation purpose, is corrosive and saturated with respect to mineral equilibrium and shows a tendency towards chemical scale formation.

Journal of Environmental Science & Engineering, 2020

Journal of Agrometeorology

Evapotranspiration (ET) estimation is important for hydrological modelling and water management f... more Evapotranspiration (ET) estimation is important for hydrological modelling and water management for irrigation. The present study estimates the reference evapotranspiration using FAO Penman-Monteith (FAO P-M) method and SWAT hydrological model, and its spatial variation during ENSO events during 1996 to 2013. The spatial variation of crop coefficient and actual evapotranspiration (ETa) is also analyzed. The results from these methods are compared for various El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events and normal years. MODIS NDVI data was used to generate crop coefficients which were further used for generation of ETa.The results show that the ET0 estimated using FAO P-M is less during the pre-monsoon period than ET0 estimated using SWAT model. ET0values from FAO P-M show decreasing trends while those by SWAT show increasing trends. Also, ET0 shows higher values during post monsoon period of El Niño years as compared to La Niña and normal years.

Fault importance index (FII) as earthquake source criteria for seismic zonation: case study of India

Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2021

The organizations in different countries involved in seismic zoning modify the maps in response t... more The organizations in different countries involved in seismic zoning modify the maps in response to various seismic events. The predictive ground motion is used in the analyses which may not be estimated using a single attenuation relation, because it is established on theoretical basis not with the actual ones and hence always errors are included in the analysis. However, the impact of faults is not considered in many of such seismic zoning efforts in several countries. An earthquake is generally triggered along the fault line; magnitude of generated earthquake depends on many factors, mainly the fault characteristics. Hence, the fault is the basic source of seismic activity and its presence and importance directly influences the seismic status of a region. In the present study a new term “fault importance index (FII)” is proposed which is a numeric value estimated from fault characteristics. The FII value for each of linear feature is calculated and relation is derived between the ...

Spatial and Statistical Clustering Based Regionalization of Precipitation and Trend Identification in Pranhita Catchment, India

Clustering based regionalisation and the trends in precipitation in the Pranhita catchment, India... more Clustering based regionalisation and the trends in precipitation in the Pranhita catchment, India using the annual precipitation data pertaining to 131 rainfall stations during 1970 - 2011 is reported here. The rainfall data was subjected to various quality checks, homogeneity tests and discordancy measures which identify nonclimatic factors responsible for breaks in the data and the outliers in the dataset. The area was subdivided into homogeneous zones using statistical and spatial clustering. The heterogeneity measure based on coefficient of variations showed that the identified clusters are homogeneous in nature. The change in precipitation has been calculated by trend analysis on the Precipitation Index (PI). Though trend line of the entire study area did not show any variation, a positive trend was observed in Region #1.This clearly indicated that within large homogeneous areas, minor variations in climate are possible and mappable. Thus there is a need to divide large catchme...

Uses of dielectric constant reflection coefficients for determination of groundwater using ground-penetrating radar

World applied sciences journal, 2009

Validation of SCS CN Method for Runoff Estimation with Field Observed Regression Analysis Results in Venna Basin, Central India

Suitability of Spatial Interpolation Techniques in Varying Aquifer Systems of a Basaltic Terrain for Monitoring Groundwater Availability

Spatial and Temporal Analyses of Impervious Surface Area on Hydrological Regime of Urban Watersheds

Hydrologic Modeling

The industrialisation and urbanisation have significant impacts on hydrological regimes within th... more The industrialisation and urbanisation have significant impacts on hydrological regimes within the watersheds. The spatial analysis in urban watersheds is prerequisite for management of surface and subsurface water regimes. The objective of the study is to analyse the impacts of increase in impervious surface area (ISA) in urban watersheds of the Nagpur city. High-resolution satellite images were used of year 2000 and 2012. Significant increase in ISA was observed in the watersheds between 2000 and 2012 having impacts on vegetation index, runoff, CN and flash floods. Statistical analyses were used to establish the relationship between runoff, impervious surface areas, vegetation index, slope and runoff coefficient.

Monitoring of Soil Moisture Variability and Establishing the Correlation with Topography by Remotely Sensed GLDAS Data

Water Management and Water Governance

Conjunctive use of flow modeling, entropy, and GIS to design the groundwater monitoring network in the complex aquifer system

International Journal of Hydrology Science and Technology

The Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number (SCS-CN) method is extensively used to calculate the... more The Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number (SCS-CN) method is extensively used to calculate the runoff from rainfall over a large catchment over the world. Slope is an important criterion for runoff but a very few attempts have been made to evaluate the effect of slope on the CN with runoff potential. The objective of this paper is to summarise the historical review on the effects of slope on CN and runoff potential in various regions by the hydrologists. This paper also depicts that how the various researchers proved the importance of consideration of slope for CN and runoff estimation. In addition, paper highlights the key features of research in future like to classify the watersheds on slope based CN, accurate Antecedent Moisture Condition (AMC) and proper initial abstraction in the various regions etc. Considering these parameters an accurate runoff estimation can be predicted and managed properly in the urban watersheds.

Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review

A Groundwater Level Monitoring Network (GWLMN) is the most direct and important source of data fo... more A Groundwater Level Monitoring Network (GWLMN) is the most direct and important source of data for monitoring hydrogeological variations in aquifers. Extensive research has been conducted on surface water and groundwater quality monitoring networks, but less consideration has been given to GWLMNs. Due to a lack of funding and negligence, GWLMNs are either limited or not enough for decision-making purposes. This review initially summarizes the historical developments of GWLMNs in different countries and then, the needs, design approaches, recent developments and future challenges are articulated comprehensively. The needs for GWLMNs generally include information on (1) spatiotemporal assessments (2) climate change (3) land subsidence and (4) Groundwater and Surface Water (GW-SW) interactions. This article reviews the evolution of various design approaches utilized in the past, with respect to their strengths and weaknesses such as geostatistical, entropy, Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA), and others. The present and shifting trends in research on the design of groundwater monitoring networks are discussed. In addition, developments, challenges and opportunities in utilizing recent remote sensing products are briefly outlined. Future research scopes include the need to develop systematic and continuous GWLMNs in many developing countries, the conjunctive use of field and remotely sensed data, such as NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Change Experiment (GRACE) data to design GWLMNs, and the design of an integrated monitoring network to study the link between climate and groundwater level changes to better and more efficiently design GWLMNs.

Variation in Hydrological Components of Reservoirs as a Response to El Niño Southern Oscillation

Journal of Hydrologic Engineering

AbstractEl Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is an irregular periodic variation of atmospheric pre... more AbstractEl Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is an irregular periodic variation of atmospheric pressure and sea surface temperatures over the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean, affecting climate in mos...