EKANIYERE EDETANLEN | University Of Benin,Benin City,Edo State Nigeria (original) (raw)
Papers by EKANIYERE EDETANLEN
Journal of global oral health, Apr 16, 2024
Journal of global oral health, Dec 26, 2023
Nigeria Dental Journal, Mar 1, 2024
South African Dental Journal, May 22, 2023
Background Missed appointments are common in paediatric dentistry, yet not many studies have expl... more Background Missed appointments are common in paediatric dentistry, yet not many studies have explored its prevalence and associated factors. Aim To determine the prevalence of missed appointments and the associated factors. Methods This prospective study design recruited all consecutive paediatric patients that presented for minor oral surgical procedures from 1st July 2020 to 30th June 2021. Data collected was the age of patients, gender, parents' educational level, distance from the clinic, type of minor oral surgical procedures and missed appointments. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Chi-square test of association was used to determine the association between study participants' age, sex, parents' educational level, the distance from the clinic, and the prevalence of missed dental appointments. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the predictors. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) version 26 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA). A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Result A total of 182 paediatric dental patients, age ranged from 0.5 to 16 years and with a mean age of 8.55+3.88 participated. Most (60.4%) of the patients were females and 46.2% of them were of school age. Most of the parents had a tertiary level of education and lived within 7 to 12 kilometers from the clinic. The prevalence of missed appointments was 54.9% and the most performed minor oral surgical procedure was primary tooth extraction. The relationship between age group, minor surgical procedures with missed appointments was statistically significant (P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the type of surgical procedure was the only independent predictor of missed appointments (p<0.05) Conclusion The prevalence of missed appointments in this study is remarkably high. Although the age of the patients and the type of procedure was associated with the prevalence of missed appointment, it was only the type of surgical procedure that was a significant risk factor for missed appointment.
Global Journal of Health Sciences and Research
Objectives: The roles of performance status scales (PSSs) are well-documented globally and is lar... more Objectives: The roles of performance status scales (PSSs) are well-documented globally and is largely, routinely, and traditionally used in the management of cancer patients in the developed countries, but this is not true in developing countries, reason largely due to lack of awareness. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the level of awareness, knowledge, and practice of PSSs among medical practitioners in Edo state Nigeria. Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study design recruited all medical practitioners that managed head and neck cancers (HNCs) (Family Dental Physicians, Otolaryngologist and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons) in Edo state between April 2019 and December 2019. Data were obtained using a self-administered questionnaire which was given to all the participants that gave written informed consent. The statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 (IBM, Chicago, Illinois, USA). Results: One h...
Anaesthesia, 2021
SummaryPeri‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection increases postoperative mortality. The aim of this stu... more SummaryPeri‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection increases postoperative mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal duration of planned delay before surgery in patients who have had SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study included patients undergoing elective or emergency surgery during October 2020. Surgical patients with pre‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection were compared with those without previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The primary outcome measure was 30‐day postoperative mortality. Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted 30‐day mortality rates stratified by time from diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection to surgery. Among 140,231 patients (116 countries), 3127 patients (2.2%) had a pre‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis. Adjusted 30‐day mortality in patients without SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was 1.5% (95%CI 1.4–1.5). In patients with a pre‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis, mortality was increased in patients having surgery wi...
Anaesthesia, 2021
SummarySARS‐CoV‐2 has been associated with an increased rate of venous thromboembolism in critica... more SummarySARS‐CoV‐2 has been associated with an increased rate of venous thromboembolism in critically ill patients. Since surgical patients are already at higher risk of venous thromboembolism than general populations, this study aimed to determine if patients with peri‐operative or prior SARS‐CoV‐2 were at further increased risk of venous thromboembolism. We conducted a planned sub‐study and analysis from an international, multicentre, prospective cohort study of elective and emergency patients undergoing surgery during October 2020. Patients from all surgical specialties were included. The primary outcome measure was venous thromboembolism (pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis) within 30 days of surgery. SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis was defined as peri‐operative (7 days before to 30 days after surgery); recent (1–6 weeks before surgery); previous (≥7 weeks before surgery); or none. Information on prophylaxis regimens or pre‐operative anti‐coagulation for baseline comorbidities was no...
Journal of Education in Developing Areas, Jul 13, 2021
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, 2019
A 31-year-old male patient who arrived to Hospital Ju arez de M exico, complaining of an 8 month ... more A 31-year-old male patient who arrived to Hospital Ju arez de M exico, complaining of an 8 month tissue increase in the submental regi on, right neck and right face paresthesia. CT scan showed a submandibular tumor that infiltrated the floor of the mouth and base of the ipsilateral tongue with multiple right neck adenopathies levels IB, II, III and IV. Histologically, the lesi on displayed cellular and nuclear pleomorfic epitelial cells, with abundant eosinofilic citoplasm, focal central necrosis, cribriform architectural pattern reminiscent of the image of "Roman bridges". An inmunohistochemical profile was performed: androgen receptors (+), GATA-3 (+), cytokeratin 7 (+) and p-63 (-). A diagnosis of salivary duct carcinoma was emited. Discussion: Salivary duct carcinoma is an aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm, which may occur de novo or as a component of a carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma. It constitutes only 3-6% of all salivary gland neoplasms. With a male predilection, affecting individuals between the 6th and 7th decades of life. Microscopically, it is characterized by celular and nuclear pleomorphism, atypical mitoses, and a cribiform pattern with dilated ducts. Conclusion: Salivary duct carcinoma is an aggressive and rare salivary gland neoplasm, we present this case which differs in age and location usually reported.
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 2018
Context: Short-range shotgun wounds of the craniomaxillofacial region are life-threatening and ar... more Context: Short-range shotgun wounds of the craniomaxillofacial region are life-threatening and are as devastating as military rifle wounds. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the pattern of presentation of craniomaxillofacial shotgun injuries, types of shotgun injuries, and the outcome of treatments in our environment. Setting and Design: This is a prospective observational study. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted from February 2006 to March 2012. All patients with shotgun wounds to the craniomaxillofacial region were included in the study by convenient sampling method. Glezer's shotgun classification scheme was used to categorize the patients into short-, intermediate-, and long-range shotgun wounds. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the data. Mean and standard deviation (SD) were calculated for all quantitative variables such as age. Frequency and...
Journal of West African College of Surgeons
Background: There is a dearth of literature on the diagnostic characteristics and treatment outco... more Background: There is a dearth of literature on the diagnostic characteristics and treatment outcomes for chondrosarcomas of the jaws in our environment due to the rarity of the lesion. Objectives: The aim of this study was to review the demographic data, presenting symptoms, location, radiographic findings, histological findings, treatment, and outcomes in chondrosarcoma of the jaws. Materials and Methods: A retrospective medical record review was undertaken of all patients diagnosed with chondrosarcoma of the jaws at our center between 2000 and 2020. Results: Ten patients (3%) were identified among 333 patients with orofacial neoplastic lesions. The mean age was 26.6 years (standard deviation [SD] 20.6 years, range 14-82 years). The male-to-female ratio was 1:1. Eight (80.0%) patients had jaw swelling and the average duration of symptoms on presentation was 18 months. Maxillary location occurred in six (60.0%) patients. Radiographically, all the lesions appeared radiolucent without clearly defined borders. All patients had only radical resection, except one who had adjuvant chemotherapy as well. Recurrence occurred in three (30.0%) patients and one of the patients died. The mean follow-up was 3 years (range 1-5 years). Conclusions: Chondrosarcomas in this study affected relatively young patients, with painless jaw swelling being the most common presenting symptom. Men and women were equally affected. Radiolucent lesions and conventional histological types were the most common. Radical surgery alone was the most common modality of treatment and the outcomes were good.
INTRODUCTION: Congenital granular cell epulis (CGCE) is a benign soft tissues lesion of gingival ... more INTRODUCTION: Congenital granular cell epulis (CGCE) is a benign soft tissues lesion of gingival origin 1,2 occurring in the neonates. CGCE is very rare and 2,3 unique and was first described in 1871 by a German 4 pathologist, Ernst Christian Neumann. It is an intriguing lesion with unclear aetiology, histogenesis and natural history. Several theories have been suggested, namely myoblastic, odontogenic, n e u r o g e n i c , f i b r o b l a s t i c , h i s t i o c y t i c , a n d 3,5
Saudi Journal of Oral Sciences, 2021
Introduction: Oral health has been significantly associated with the wellness of an individual wh... more Introduction: Oral health has been significantly associated with the wellness of an individual which includes physical and psychological wellbeing. In the recent past due to various reasons, depression has been noted to be evident in population. The patients visiting dental clinics are of no exclusion to have experienced depression. Aim: to determine the prevalence of depression among dental outpatients in an secondary health facility in Benin City using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study mixed observational and clinical study using questionnaire and clinical oral examination was conducted among patients attending the dental outpatient clinic of Stella Obasanjo Hospital between December 2018 and January 2019. Results and Discussion: About one-quarter (28.6%) had depression of the mild severity. Depression was highest among the 31–40 years, females, those with primary education and those that earn less the 30,000 naira monthl...
Background: Few studies are reported in the literature about the prevalence of disarticulation re... more Background: Few studies are reported in the literature about the prevalence of disarticulation resection of the mandible, but little is known about the risk factors. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence and risk factors of disarticulation resection of the mandible. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study design for patients that had surgical resections of the mandible from January 2010 to July 2020 at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of a tertiary health facility in Nigeria. Collected data from the patients' case-notes were age, gender, level of education, place of residence, occupation, employment status, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, type of lesion, and type of resection performed. In the univariate analysis, the Chi-square test was used for analysis, while the binary logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. All statistics were performed with SPSS version 21 (IBM Corps, Armonk, New York, USA). A value of P < 0.05 ...
British Journal of Surgery, 2021
Background Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numb... more Background Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numbers are limited so this study aimed to inform their prioritization by modelling. Methods The primary outcome was the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) to prevent one COVID-19-related death in 1 year. NNVs were based on postoperative SARS-CoV-2 rates and mortality in an international cohort study (surgical patients), and community SARS-CoV-2 incidence and case fatality data (general population). NNV estimates were stratified by age (18–49, 50–69, 70 or more years) and type of surgery. Best- and worst-case scenarios were used to describe uncertainty. Results NNVs were more favourable in surgical patients than the general population. The most favourable NNVs were in patients aged 70 years or more needing cancer surgery (351; best case 196, worst case 816) or non-cancer surgery (733; best case 407, worst case 1664). Both exceeded the NNV in the general population (1840; best case 1196, worst ...
The Nigerian Journal of General Practice, 2020
Background: The role of performance status scales (PSSs) are well documented globally in the mana... more Background: The role of performance status scales (PSSs) are well documented globally in the management of cancer patients in the developed countries but not in low-income countries, mainly due to the lack of awareness. The aim of the present study is to assess the level of awareness, knowledge, and practice of PSSs among medical physicians managing head-and-neck tumors in Edo state, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study that recruited all physicians that manage head and neck in Edo state between April 2019 and December 2019. Data were obtained with a self-administered questionnaire, which was given to all who participants that gave written informed consent. The statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: One hundred and six of the 110 randomly distributed questionnaires were retrieved, given a response rate of 96.4%. The male-to-female ratio was 2.4:1.0. The mean age was 33.3 ± 5.30 years, ranging from 25 to 46 years. Most of the respondents were within the age range of 31–40 years. Of the total 106 respondents, less than half (46.2%) had heard of PSS. More than two-thirds (73.6%) of the respondents that are aware of PSS had poor general knowledge. More than half (53.8%) of the respondents answered that they have never used PSS in the course of managing head-and-neck cancer (HNC) patients. The age, gender, years of practice, type of specialty, and location of practice were not related to the knowledge of PSS by the respondents (P > 0.05), but only the awareness of PSS was related to knowledge of PSS (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Most medical practitioners that manage HNC patients lack awareness and knowledge of PSSs, which reflected in poor utilization in the management of patients in routine practice.
Nigerian Medical Journal, 2018
IntroductIon The effect of lead exposure on the hematological parameters has recently received a ... more IntroductIon The effect of lead exposure on the hematological parameters has recently received a great deal of attention because of the implication that mortality from hematological disease might be reduced by preventing lead exposure of any source. 1 Various experts have reported the effect of lead on oral tissues and nervous, cardiovascular, renal, gastrointestinal, hematological, and reproductive systems. 2,3 Hematological disturbances are seen early before other clinical manifestations. 4 Erythroid alterations are present before the development of clinical symptoms of lead intoxication. The functional hematological alteration from long-term exposure to lead is the reduction in white blood cell count, erythrocyte count, platelet count, hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (Hct) while the morphological alterations are reduced mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell Hb hemoglobin (MCH), and MCH concentration. 3 Other reported alterations are basophilic stippling, microcytosis, and elevated levels of δ-aminolevulinic acid and free erythrocyte protoporphyrin. 4 The anemia is Background: Acute and chronic environmental lead exposures are associated with alteration of hematological parameters. It is not known whether retained lead pellets have similar effects on hematological variables to environmental exposures. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the effects of retained lead pellets on hematological indices in patients that sustained gunshot injuries to the craniomaxillofacial region. Patients and Methods: We examined individuals with retained pellets following gunshot injuries to the craniomaxillofacial region using a prospective cohort study design in a tertiary health center, Nigeria. Results: A total of 54 male individuals (27 in each group) enlisted in the study. The age of the patients and control subjects ranges from 20 to 58 years, with a mean age of 40.3 years. The mean blood lead levels (BLLs) of the exposed group were lower than the unexposed (P = 0.03). There were statistically significant (P < 0.05) variations in the hematological indices between the exposed and the unexposed groups. There was a significant association (P < 0.001) between the hematological indices assessed and the BLLs, number of retained pellets, and duration of retention. No basophilic stippling was observed in the red cell morphology of the individuals. Conclusion: Retained lead pellets cause significant elevated BLL and associated higher hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, and mean cell volume.
The Nigerian Journal of General Practice, 2020
Background: The NICE oral cancer referral guidelines (NICE OCRG) are yet to be adopted in Nigeria... more Background: The NICE oral cancer referral guidelines (NICE OCRG) are yet to be adopted in Nigeria. The level of awareness, knowledge, and attitude among general dental practitioners (GDPs) in Nigeria toward NICE OCRG is evaluated. Materials and Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information from GDPs in Edo state on the awareness, knowledge, and attitude toward the NICE OCRG. A total of 83 respondents participated in the study. Data collected were analyzed and presented in descriptive and tabular forms as numbers and percentages. The study was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 (IBM, USA). Results: The male-to-female ratio was 1.4:1.0. The mean age was 33.3 ± 5.30 years, with age range from 21 to 50 years. Nearly 63.9% of the respondents were found to have heard of the NICE OCRG, of which 43.4% had their source from the Internet. Most of the respondents (n = 43, 51.8%) had fair knowledge of OCRG followed by those with good knowledge (n = 25, 30.1%) and those with poor knowledge of OCRG (n = 15, 18.1%). Overall 55.4% of the respondents agreed that the NICE OCRG will help reduce diagnostic delay and false-positive referral of oral cancers if adopted in Nigeria. Furthermore, 77.1% of the respondents were willing to implement the NICE OCRG if adopted in Nigeria. Conclusion: The awareness and knowledge of the NICE OCRG among GDPs in Nigeria is encouraging, and most of them had favorable attitude toward the NICE OCRG. There is a clear need to adopt the NICE OCRG in Nigeria to reduce diagnostic delay and false-positive referral of oral cancers.
British Journal of Surgery, 2021
Background Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numb... more Background Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numbers are limited so this study aimed to inform their prioritization by modelling. Methods The primary outcome was the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) to prevent one COVID-19-related death in 1 year. NNVs were based on postoperative SARS-CoV-2 rates and mortality in an international cohort study (surgical patients), and community SARS-CoV-2 incidence and case fatality data (general population). NNV estimates were stratified by age (18–49, 50–69, 70 or more years) and type of surgery. Best- and worst-case scenarios were used to describe uncertainty. Results NNVs were more favourable in surgical patients than the general population. The most favourable NNVs were in patients aged 70 years or more needing cancer surgery (351; best case 196, worst case 816) or non-cancer surgery (733; best case 407, worst case 1664). Both exceeded the NNV in the general population (1840; best case 1196, worst ...
Objective: To compare the treatment outcomes in patients with early stage Ludwig’s angina who rec... more Objective: To compare the treatment outcomes in patients with early stage Ludwig’s angina who received intravenous antibiotics alone with those who received surgical decompression and intravenous antibiotics. Subjects and Methods: Individuals with early stage Ludwig’s angina were studied using a retrospective cohort study design from August 1997 to September 2017. Data were collected from case notes and logbooks. Appropriate statistical tests were chosen to analyze both the independent and outcome variables. Using 2-tailed test, a level of significance of 0.05 was chosen. Results: A total of 55 patients comprising 38 (69.1%) males and 17 (30.9%) females were studied. The conservative group had a higher number of cases that developed airway compromise (26.3%) when compared to those with surgical approach (2.9%). There was an association between the treatment approach and the development of airway compromise (χ2[1] = 4.83, p = 0.03). Conclusion: There was a higher incidence of airway ...
Journal of global oral health, Apr 16, 2024
Journal of global oral health, Dec 26, 2023
Nigeria Dental Journal, Mar 1, 2024
South African Dental Journal, May 22, 2023
Background Missed appointments are common in paediatric dentistry, yet not many studies have expl... more Background Missed appointments are common in paediatric dentistry, yet not many studies have explored its prevalence and associated factors. Aim To determine the prevalence of missed appointments and the associated factors. Methods This prospective study design recruited all consecutive paediatric patients that presented for minor oral surgical procedures from 1st July 2020 to 30th June 2021. Data collected was the age of patients, gender, parents' educational level, distance from the clinic, type of minor oral surgical procedures and missed appointments. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Chi-square test of association was used to determine the association between study participants' age, sex, parents' educational level, the distance from the clinic, and the prevalence of missed dental appointments. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the predictors. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) version 26 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA). A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Result A total of 182 paediatric dental patients, age ranged from 0.5 to 16 years and with a mean age of 8.55+3.88 participated. Most (60.4%) of the patients were females and 46.2% of them were of school age. Most of the parents had a tertiary level of education and lived within 7 to 12 kilometers from the clinic. The prevalence of missed appointments was 54.9% and the most performed minor oral surgical procedure was primary tooth extraction. The relationship between age group, minor surgical procedures with missed appointments was statistically significant (P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the type of surgical procedure was the only independent predictor of missed appointments (p<0.05) Conclusion The prevalence of missed appointments in this study is remarkably high. Although the age of the patients and the type of procedure was associated with the prevalence of missed appointment, it was only the type of surgical procedure that was a significant risk factor for missed appointment.
Global Journal of Health Sciences and Research
Objectives: The roles of performance status scales (PSSs) are well-documented globally and is lar... more Objectives: The roles of performance status scales (PSSs) are well-documented globally and is largely, routinely, and traditionally used in the management of cancer patients in the developed countries, but this is not true in developing countries, reason largely due to lack of awareness. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the level of awareness, knowledge, and practice of PSSs among medical practitioners in Edo state Nigeria. Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study design recruited all medical practitioners that managed head and neck cancers (HNCs) (Family Dental Physicians, Otolaryngologist and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons) in Edo state between April 2019 and December 2019. Data were obtained using a self-administered questionnaire which was given to all the participants that gave written informed consent. The statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 (IBM, Chicago, Illinois, USA). Results: One h...
Anaesthesia, 2021
SummaryPeri‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection increases postoperative mortality. The aim of this stu... more SummaryPeri‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection increases postoperative mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal duration of planned delay before surgery in patients who have had SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study included patients undergoing elective or emergency surgery during October 2020. Surgical patients with pre‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection were compared with those without previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The primary outcome measure was 30‐day postoperative mortality. Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted 30‐day mortality rates stratified by time from diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection to surgery. Among 140,231 patients (116 countries), 3127 patients (2.2%) had a pre‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis. Adjusted 30‐day mortality in patients without SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was 1.5% (95%CI 1.4–1.5). In patients with a pre‐operative SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis, mortality was increased in patients having surgery wi...
Anaesthesia, 2021
SummarySARS‐CoV‐2 has been associated with an increased rate of venous thromboembolism in critica... more SummarySARS‐CoV‐2 has been associated with an increased rate of venous thromboembolism in critically ill patients. Since surgical patients are already at higher risk of venous thromboembolism than general populations, this study aimed to determine if patients with peri‐operative or prior SARS‐CoV‐2 were at further increased risk of venous thromboembolism. We conducted a planned sub‐study and analysis from an international, multicentre, prospective cohort study of elective and emergency patients undergoing surgery during October 2020. Patients from all surgical specialties were included. The primary outcome measure was venous thromboembolism (pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis) within 30 days of surgery. SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis was defined as peri‐operative (7 days before to 30 days after surgery); recent (1–6 weeks before surgery); previous (≥7 weeks before surgery); or none. Information on prophylaxis regimens or pre‐operative anti‐coagulation for baseline comorbidities was no...
Journal of Education in Developing Areas, Jul 13, 2021
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, 2019
A 31-year-old male patient who arrived to Hospital Ju arez de M exico, complaining of an 8 month ... more A 31-year-old male patient who arrived to Hospital Ju arez de M exico, complaining of an 8 month tissue increase in the submental regi on, right neck and right face paresthesia. CT scan showed a submandibular tumor that infiltrated the floor of the mouth and base of the ipsilateral tongue with multiple right neck adenopathies levels IB, II, III and IV. Histologically, the lesi on displayed cellular and nuclear pleomorfic epitelial cells, with abundant eosinofilic citoplasm, focal central necrosis, cribriform architectural pattern reminiscent of the image of "Roman bridges". An inmunohistochemical profile was performed: androgen receptors (+), GATA-3 (+), cytokeratin 7 (+) and p-63 (-). A diagnosis of salivary duct carcinoma was emited. Discussion: Salivary duct carcinoma is an aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm, which may occur de novo or as a component of a carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma. It constitutes only 3-6% of all salivary gland neoplasms. With a male predilection, affecting individuals between the 6th and 7th decades of life. Microscopically, it is characterized by celular and nuclear pleomorphism, atypical mitoses, and a cribiform pattern with dilated ducts. Conclusion: Salivary duct carcinoma is an aggressive and rare salivary gland neoplasm, we present this case which differs in age and location usually reported.
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 2018
Context: Short-range shotgun wounds of the craniomaxillofacial region are life-threatening and ar... more Context: Short-range shotgun wounds of the craniomaxillofacial region are life-threatening and are as devastating as military rifle wounds. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the pattern of presentation of craniomaxillofacial shotgun injuries, types of shotgun injuries, and the outcome of treatments in our environment. Setting and Design: This is a prospective observational study. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted from February 2006 to March 2012. All patients with shotgun wounds to the craniomaxillofacial region were included in the study by convenient sampling method. Glezer's shotgun classification scheme was used to categorize the patients into short-, intermediate-, and long-range shotgun wounds. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the data. Mean and standard deviation (SD) were calculated for all quantitative variables such as age. Frequency and...
Journal of West African College of Surgeons
Background: There is a dearth of literature on the diagnostic characteristics and treatment outco... more Background: There is a dearth of literature on the diagnostic characteristics and treatment outcomes for chondrosarcomas of the jaws in our environment due to the rarity of the lesion. Objectives: The aim of this study was to review the demographic data, presenting symptoms, location, radiographic findings, histological findings, treatment, and outcomes in chondrosarcoma of the jaws. Materials and Methods: A retrospective medical record review was undertaken of all patients diagnosed with chondrosarcoma of the jaws at our center between 2000 and 2020. Results: Ten patients (3%) were identified among 333 patients with orofacial neoplastic lesions. The mean age was 26.6 years (standard deviation [SD] 20.6 years, range 14-82 years). The male-to-female ratio was 1:1. Eight (80.0%) patients had jaw swelling and the average duration of symptoms on presentation was 18 months. Maxillary location occurred in six (60.0%) patients. Radiographically, all the lesions appeared radiolucent without clearly defined borders. All patients had only radical resection, except one who had adjuvant chemotherapy as well. Recurrence occurred in three (30.0%) patients and one of the patients died. The mean follow-up was 3 years (range 1-5 years). Conclusions: Chondrosarcomas in this study affected relatively young patients, with painless jaw swelling being the most common presenting symptom. Men and women were equally affected. Radiolucent lesions and conventional histological types were the most common. Radical surgery alone was the most common modality of treatment and the outcomes were good.
INTRODUCTION: Congenital granular cell epulis (CGCE) is a benign soft tissues lesion of gingival ... more INTRODUCTION: Congenital granular cell epulis (CGCE) is a benign soft tissues lesion of gingival origin 1,2 occurring in the neonates. CGCE is very rare and 2,3 unique and was first described in 1871 by a German 4 pathologist, Ernst Christian Neumann. It is an intriguing lesion with unclear aetiology, histogenesis and natural history. Several theories have been suggested, namely myoblastic, odontogenic, n e u r o g e n i c , f i b r o b l a s t i c , h i s t i o c y t i c , a n d 3,5
Saudi Journal of Oral Sciences, 2021
Introduction: Oral health has been significantly associated with the wellness of an individual wh... more Introduction: Oral health has been significantly associated with the wellness of an individual which includes physical and psychological wellbeing. In the recent past due to various reasons, depression has been noted to be evident in population. The patients visiting dental clinics are of no exclusion to have experienced depression. Aim: to determine the prevalence of depression among dental outpatients in an secondary health facility in Benin City using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study mixed observational and clinical study using questionnaire and clinical oral examination was conducted among patients attending the dental outpatient clinic of Stella Obasanjo Hospital between December 2018 and January 2019. Results and Discussion: About one-quarter (28.6%) had depression of the mild severity. Depression was highest among the 31–40 years, females, those with primary education and those that earn less the 30,000 naira monthl...
Background: Few studies are reported in the literature about the prevalence of disarticulation re... more Background: Few studies are reported in the literature about the prevalence of disarticulation resection of the mandible, but little is known about the risk factors. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence and risk factors of disarticulation resection of the mandible. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study design for patients that had surgical resections of the mandible from January 2010 to July 2020 at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of a tertiary health facility in Nigeria. Collected data from the patients' case-notes were age, gender, level of education, place of residence, occupation, employment status, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, type of lesion, and type of resection performed. In the univariate analysis, the Chi-square test was used for analysis, while the binary logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. All statistics were performed with SPSS version 21 (IBM Corps, Armonk, New York, USA). A value of P < 0.05 ...
British Journal of Surgery, 2021
Background Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numb... more Background Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numbers are limited so this study aimed to inform their prioritization by modelling. Methods The primary outcome was the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) to prevent one COVID-19-related death in 1 year. NNVs were based on postoperative SARS-CoV-2 rates and mortality in an international cohort study (surgical patients), and community SARS-CoV-2 incidence and case fatality data (general population). NNV estimates were stratified by age (18–49, 50–69, 70 or more years) and type of surgery. Best- and worst-case scenarios were used to describe uncertainty. Results NNVs were more favourable in surgical patients than the general population. The most favourable NNVs were in patients aged 70 years or more needing cancer surgery (351; best case 196, worst case 816) or non-cancer surgery (733; best case 407, worst case 1664). Both exceeded the NNV in the general population (1840; best case 1196, worst ...
The Nigerian Journal of General Practice, 2020
Background: The role of performance status scales (PSSs) are well documented globally in the mana... more Background: The role of performance status scales (PSSs) are well documented globally in the management of cancer patients in the developed countries but not in low-income countries, mainly due to the lack of awareness. The aim of the present study is to assess the level of awareness, knowledge, and practice of PSSs among medical physicians managing head-and-neck tumors in Edo state, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study that recruited all physicians that manage head and neck in Edo state between April 2019 and December 2019. Data were obtained with a self-administered questionnaire, which was given to all who participants that gave written informed consent. The statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: One hundred and six of the 110 randomly distributed questionnaires were retrieved, given a response rate of 96.4%. The male-to-female ratio was 2.4:1.0. The mean age was 33.3 ± 5.30 years, ranging from 25 to 46 years. Most of the respondents were within the age range of 31–40 years. Of the total 106 respondents, less than half (46.2%) had heard of PSS. More than two-thirds (73.6%) of the respondents that are aware of PSS had poor general knowledge. More than half (53.8%) of the respondents answered that they have never used PSS in the course of managing head-and-neck cancer (HNC) patients. The age, gender, years of practice, type of specialty, and location of practice were not related to the knowledge of PSS by the respondents (P > 0.05), but only the awareness of PSS was related to knowledge of PSS (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Most medical practitioners that manage HNC patients lack awareness and knowledge of PSSs, which reflected in poor utilization in the management of patients in routine practice.
Nigerian Medical Journal, 2018
IntroductIon The effect of lead exposure on the hematological parameters has recently received a ... more IntroductIon The effect of lead exposure on the hematological parameters has recently received a great deal of attention because of the implication that mortality from hematological disease might be reduced by preventing lead exposure of any source. 1 Various experts have reported the effect of lead on oral tissues and nervous, cardiovascular, renal, gastrointestinal, hematological, and reproductive systems. 2,3 Hematological disturbances are seen early before other clinical manifestations. 4 Erythroid alterations are present before the development of clinical symptoms of lead intoxication. The functional hematological alteration from long-term exposure to lead is the reduction in white blood cell count, erythrocyte count, platelet count, hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (Hct) while the morphological alterations are reduced mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell Hb hemoglobin (MCH), and MCH concentration. 3 Other reported alterations are basophilic stippling, microcytosis, and elevated levels of δ-aminolevulinic acid and free erythrocyte protoporphyrin. 4 The anemia is Background: Acute and chronic environmental lead exposures are associated with alteration of hematological parameters. It is not known whether retained lead pellets have similar effects on hematological variables to environmental exposures. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the effects of retained lead pellets on hematological indices in patients that sustained gunshot injuries to the craniomaxillofacial region. Patients and Methods: We examined individuals with retained pellets following gunshot injuries to the craniomaxillofacial region using a prospective cohort study design in a tertiary health center, Nigeria. Results: A total of 54 male individuals (27 in each group) enlisted in the study. The age of the patients and control subjects ranges from 20 to 58 years, with a mean age of 40.3 years. The mean blood lead levels (BLLs) of the exposed group were lower than the unexposed (P = 0.03). There were statistically significant (P < 0.05) variations in the hematological indices between the exposed and the unexposed groups. There was a significant association (P < 0.001) between the hematological indices assessed and the BLLs, number of retained pellets, and duration of retention. No basophilic stippling was observed in the red cell morphology of the individuals. Conclusion: Retained lead pellets cause significant elevated BLL and associated higher hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, and mean cell volume.
The Nigerian Journal of General Practice, 2020
Background: The NICE oral cancer referral guidelines (NICE OCRG) are yet to be adopted in Nigeria... more Background: The NICE oral cancer referral guidelines (NICE OCRG) are yet to be adopted in Nigeria. The level of awareness, knowledge, and attitude among general dental practitioners (GDPs) in Nigeria toward NICE OCRG is evaluated. Materials and Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information from GDPs in Edo state on the awareness, knowledge, and attitude toward the NICE OCRG. A total of 83 respondents participated in the study. Data collected were analyzed and presented in descriptive and tabular forms as numbers and percentages. The study was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 (IBM, USA). Results: The male-to-female ratio was 1.4:1.0. The mean age was 33.3 ± 5.30 years, with age range from 21 to 50 years. Nearly 63.9% of the respondents were found to have heard of the NICE OCRG, of which 43.4% had their source from the Internet. Most of the respondents (n = 43, 51.8%) had fair knowledge of OCRG followed by those with good knowledge (n = 25, 30.1%) and those with poor knowledge of OCRG (n = 15, 18.1%). Overall 55.4% of the respondents agreed that the NICE OCRG will help reduce diagnostic delay and false-positive referral of oral cancers if adopted in Nigeria. Furthermore, 77.1% of the respondents were willing to implement the NICE OCRG if adopted in Nigeria. Conclusion: The awareness and knowledge of the NICE OCRG among GDPs in Nigeria is encouraging, and most of them had favorable attitude toward the NICE OCRG. There is a clear need to adopt the NICE OCRG in Nigeria to reduce diagnostic delay and false-positive referral of oral cancers.
British Journal of Surgery, 2021
Background Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numb... more Background Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numbers are limited so this study aimed to inform their prioritization by modelling. Methods The primary outcome was the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) to prevent one COVID-19-related death in 1 year. NNVs were based on postoperative SARS-CoV-2 rates and mortality in an international cohort study (surgical patients), and community SARS-CoV-2 incidence and case fatality data (general population). NNV estimates were stratified by age (18–49, 50–69, 70 or more years) and type of surgery. Best- and worst-case scenarios were used to describe uncertainty. Results NNVs were more favourable in surgical patients than the general population. The most favourable NNVs were in patients aged 70 years or more needing cancer surgery (351; best case 196, worst case 816) or non-cancer surgery (733; best case 407, worst case 1664). Both exceeded the NNV in the general population (1840; best case 1196, worst ...
Objective: To compare the treatment outcomes in patients with early stage Ludwig’s angina who rec... more Objective: To compare the treatment outcomes in patients with early stage Ludwig’s angina who received intravenous antibiotics alone with those who received surgical decompression and intravenous antibiotics. Subjects and Methods: Individuals with early stage Ludwig’s angina were studied using a retrospective cohort study design from August 1997 to September 2017. Data were collected from case notes and logbooks. Appropriate statistical tests were chosen to analyze both the independent and outcome variables. Using 2-tailed test, a level of significance of 0.05 was chosen. Results: A total of 55 patients comprising 38 (69.1%) males and 17 (30.9%) females were studied. The conservative group had a higher number of cases that developed airway compromise (26.3%) when compared to those with surgical approach (2.9%). There was an association between the treatment approach and the development of airway compromise (χ2[1] = 4.83, p = 0.03). Conclusion: There was a higher incidence of airway ...