AJAY K U M A R AGARWAL | MRU (original) (raw)

Papers by AJAY K U M A R AGARWAL

Production scheduling is generally considered to be the one of the most significant issue ... more Production scheduling is generally considered to be the one of the most significant issue in the planning and operation of a manufacturing system. Better scheduling system has significant impact on cost reduction, increased productivity, customer satisfaction and overall competitive advantage. In addition, recent customer demand for high
variety products has contributed to an increase in product complexity that further emphasizes the need for improved scheduling. Proficient scheduling leads to increase in capacity utilization efficiency and hence thereby reducing the time required to complete jobs and consequently increasing the profitability of an organization in present competitive
environment. There are different systems of production scheduling including flow shop in which jobs are to be processed through series of machines for optimizing number of required performance measures. In modern manufacturing there is the trend of the development of the Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM is computerized integration of
the manufacturing activities (Design, Planning, Scheduling and Control)) which produces right product(s) at right time to react quickly to the global competitive market demands. The productivity of CIM is highly depending upon the scheduling of Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS). Machine idle time can be decreased by sorting the make span which results in the improvement in CIM productivity. Conventional methods of solving scheduling problems based on priority rules still result schedule, sometimes with idle times. To optimize these, this paper model the problem of a flow shop scheduling with the objective of minimizing the makes pan. The work proposed here deal with the production planning problem of a flexible manufacturing system. This paper model the problem of a flow shop scheduling with the objective of minimizing the make span. The objective is to minimize the make span of batchprocessing machines in a flow shop. The processing times and the sizes of the jobs are known and non-identical. The machines can process a batch as long as its capacity is not exceeded. The processing time of a batch is the longest processing time among all the jobs in that batch. The problem under study is non-polynomial (NP)-hard for make span objective. Consequently, comparisons based on RA’s heuristics, CDS’s heuristics are proposed in this work. Gantt chart is generated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.

Production scheduling is generally considered to be the one of the most significant issue in the ... more Production scheduling is generally considered to be the one of the most significant issue in the planning and operation of a manufacturing system. Better scheduling system has significant impact on cost reduction, increased productivity, customer satisfaction and overall competitive advantage. In addition, recent customer demand for high variety products has contributed to an increase in product complexity that further emphasizes the need for improved scheduling. Proficient scheduling leads to increase in capacity utilization efficiency and hence thereby reducing the time required to complete jobs and consequently increasing the profitability of an organization in present competitive environment. There are different systems of production scheduling including flowshop in which jobs are to be processed through series of machines for optimizing number of required performance measures. In modern manufacturing there is the trend of the development of the Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM is computerized integration of the manufacturing activities (Design, Planning, Scheduling and Control)) which produces right product(s) at right time to react quickly to the global competitive market demands. The productivity of CIM is highly depending upon the scheduling of Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS). Machine idle time can be decreased by sorting the makespan which results in the improvement in CIM productivity. Conventional methods of solving scheduling problems based on priority rules still result schedule, sometimes with idle times. To optimize these, this paper models the problem of a flowshop scheduling with the objective of minimizing the makespan. The work proposed here deal with the production planning problem of a flexible manufacturing system. This paper model the problem of a flowshop scheduling with the objective of minimizing the makespan. The objective is to minimize the makespan of batch-processing machines in a flowshop. The processing times and the sizes of the jobs are known and non-identical. The machines can process a batch as long as its capacity is not exceeded. The processing time of a batch is the longest processing time among all the jobs in that batch. The problem under study is non-polynomial(NP)-hard for makespan objective. Consequently, comparisons based on RA's heuristics, CDS's heuristics are proposed in this work. Gantt chart is generated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches. I. Introduction A Flexible manufacturing system (FMS) consists of a collection of numerically controlled machines with multifunction ability, an automatic material handling system and an online computer network. This network is capable of controlling and directing the whole system. An FMS combines the advantages of a traditional flow line and job-shop systems to meet the changing demands. Thus, it involves many problems, which can be divided into four stages: (a) design, (b) system setup , (c) scheduling and (d) control. FMS Scheduling system is one of the most important information-processing subsystems of CIM system. The productivity of CIM is highly depending upon the quality of FMS scheduling. The basic work of scheduler is to design an optimal FMS schedule according to a certain measure of performance, or scheduling criterion. This work focuses on productivity oriented-makespan criteria. Makespan is the time length from the starting of the first operation of the first demand to the finishing of the last operation of the last demand. The inherent efficiency of a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) combined with additional capabilities, can be harnessed by developing a suitable production plan. Machine scheduling problems arises in diverse areas such as flexible manufacturing system, production planning, computer design, logistics, communication etc. A common feature of many of these problems is that no efficient solution algorithm is known yet for solving it to optimality in polynomial time.

In modern manufacturing there is the trend of the development of the Computer Integrated Manufact... more In modern manufacturing there is the trend of the development of the Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM). CIM is computerized integration of the manufacturing activities (Design, Planning, Scheduling and Control) which produces right product(s) at right time to react quickly to the global competitive market demands. The productivity of CIM is highly depending upon the scheduling of Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS). Machine idle time can be decreased by sorting the make span which results in the improvement in CIM productivity. Conventional methods of solving scheduling problems based on priority rules still result schedule, sometimes with idle times. To optimize these, this paper models the problem of a flowshop scheduling with the objective of minimizing the makespan. The work proposed here deal with the production planning problem of a flexible manufacturing system. This paper models the problem of a flowshop scheduling with the objective of minimizing the make span. The objective is to minimize the makespan of batch-processing machines in a flowshop. The processing times and the sizes of the jobs are known and non-identical. The machines can process a batch as long as its capacity is not exceeded. The processing time of a batch is the longest processing time among all the jobs in that batch. The problem under study is NP-hard for makespan objective. Consequently, comparisons based on Palmer's and Gupta's heuristics are proposed in this work. Gantt chart is generated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.

In modern manufacturing there is the trend of the development of the Computer Integra... more In modern manufacturing there is the trend of the development of the Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM). CIM is computerized integration of the manufacturing activities (Design, Planning, Scheduling and Control) which produces right product(s) at right time to react quickly to the global competitive market demands. The productivity of CIM is highly depending upon the scheduling of Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS). Machine idle time can be decreased by sorting the
make span which results in the improvement in CIM productivity. Conventional methods of solving scheduling problems based on priority rules still result schedule, sometimes with idle times. To optimize these, this papers model the problem of a flow shop scheduling with the objective of minimizing the makes pan. The work proposed here deal with the production planning problem of a flexible manufacturing system.
The objective is to minimize the make span of batch-processing machines in a flow shop. The processing times and the sizes of the jobs are known and nonidentical. The machines can process a batch as long as its capacity is not exceeded. The processing time of a batch is the longest processing time among all the jobs in that batch. The problem under study is NP-hard for makespan objective. Consequently, comparisons based on Gupta’s heuristics, Palmer’s heuristics are proposed in this work. Gantt chart is generated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.

The Fuel Energizer has been tested and developed for the Indian Market. The fact that taken into... more The Fuel Energizer has been tested and developed for the Indian Market. The fact that taken into account a vehicle's performance is often affected by the level of adulteration in the fuel used. The Fuel Energizer has been adapted and developed with Indian conditions in mind and it is the first such device in India that can make this claim. “FUEL ENERGIZER” helps to reduce fuel consumption up to 30%. When fuel flows through powerful magnetic field created by Magnetizer inter molecular
forces is considerably reduced or depressed hence oil particles are finely divided. This has the effect of ensuring that fuel actively interlocks with oxygen producing a more complete burn in the combustion chamber. Hence by establishing correct fuel burning parameters through proper magnetic means (Fuel Energizer) we can assume that an internal combustion engine is getting maximum energy per litre as well as
environment with lowest possible level toxic. This result in higher engine output, better fuel economy and a reduction in the exhaust emission of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen through muffler. The magnetic ionization of the fuel also helps to dissolve the carbon build-up in carburetor jets, fuel injectors and combustion chambers and thus keeping the engine in a cleaner condition.

An experimental study was conducted to investigate the heat transfer & friction loss characterist... more An experimental study was conducted to investigate the heat transfer & friction loss characteristics in a heat sink channel with various geometrical configurations under constant heat flux conditions. The experiments are performed for the Reynolds number and heat flux in the ranges of 300 to 900 and 1.50-5.50kw/m 2 , respectively. The heat sink with two different channel heights and two different channel widths are accomplished. Different geometrical configurations parameters effect of the micro-channel and heat flux on the heat transfer characteristics and pressure drop are considered. For those configurations the average heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number were determined experimentally. The micro-channel geometry configuration has significant effect on the enhancement heat transfer and pressure drop. The results of this study are expected to lead to guidelines that will allow the design of the micro-channel heat exchangers with improved heat transfer performance of the electronic devices.

— Production scheduling is generally considered to be the one of the most significant issue in th... more — Production scheduling is generally considered to be the one of the most significant issue in the planning and operation of a manufacturing system. Better scheduling system has significant impact on cost reduction, increased productivity, customer satisfaction and overall competitive advantage. In addition, recent customer demand for high variety products has contributed to an increase in product complexity that further emphasizes the need for improved scheduling. Proficient scheduling leads to increase in capacity utilization efficiency and hence thereby reducing the time required to complete jobs and consequently increasing the profitability of an organization in present competitive environment. There are different systems of production scheduling including flowshop in which jobs are to be processed through series of machines for optimizing number of required performance measures. In modern manufacturing there is the trend of the development of the Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM is computerized integration of the manufacturing activities (Design, Planning, Scheduling and Control)) which produces right product(s) at right time to react quickly to the global competitive market demands. The productivity of CIM is highly depending upon the scheduling of Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS). Machine idle time can be decreased by sorting the makespan which results in the improvement in CIM productivity. Conventional methods of solving scheduling problems based on priority rules still result schedule, sometimes with idle times. To optimize these, this paper models the problem of a flowshop scheduling with the objective of minimizing the makespan. The work proposed here deal with the production planning problem of a flexible manufacturing system. This paper model the problem of a flowshop scheduling with the objective of minimizing the makespan. The objective is to minimize the makespan of batch-processing machines in a flowshop. The processing times and the sizes of the jobs are known and non-identical. The machines can process a batch as long as its capacity is not exceeded. The processing time of a batch is the longest processing time among all the jobs in that batch. The problem under study is non-polynomial (NP)-hard for make span objective. Consequently, comparisons based on RA's heuristics, CDS's heuristics are proposed in this work. Gantt chart is generated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.

Laminar forced convective flow through a horizontal pipe partially filled with a porous material ... more Laminar forced convective flow through a horizontal pipe partially filled with a porous material is investigated numerically. The porous material has a cylindrical shape placed at z=0.05L from the pipe inlet. The momentum equations are used for describing the fluid flow in the clear region. The Darcy-Forcheimer-Brinkman model is adopted to describe the fluid transport in the porous region. The mathematical model for energy transport is based on the one equation model which assumes that there is a local thermal equilibrium between the fluid and the solid phases. The study covers a wide range of the dimensionless outer radius of the porous material 0 ≤ R p ≤ 1 and the effect of Darcy number, 2 X 10-4 ≤ D a ≤ 2 X 10-1. In addition, the Reynolds number has values of 200, 400 and 600 while Prandtl number has values of 0.7, 5, 10 and 20. Through the study the ratio between pipe length to outer diameter and porosity were kept constant at 25 and 0.9 respectively.

In the field of scheduling, the flow shop problems have been thoroughly studied. In this paper we... more In the field of scheduling, the flow shop problems have been thoroughly studied. In this paper we propose a concise overview of flow shop scheduling techniques evolved during the time period. We surveyed the exact and heuristics methods for solving various flow shop scheduling problems. As a result various optimization techniques, solution procedures are available to solve a variety of problems. We also present a brief glimpse of the evolution of flow shop scheduling problems and possible approaches for their solutions. This paper also concludes with some fruitful directions for the future research.

3-D printing is a form of additive manufacturing technology where a three dimensional object is c... more 3-D printing is a form of additive manufacturing technology where a three dimensional object is created by laying down successive layers of material. It is also known as rapid prototyping, is a mechanized method whereby 3D objects are quickly made on a reasonably sized machine connected to a computer containing blueprints for a object. The 3-d printing concept of custom manufacturing is exciting to nearly everyone. This revolutionary method for creating 3-D models with the use of inkjet technology in India saves time and cost by eliminating the need to design; print and glue together separate model parts. Now, you can create a complete model in a single process using 3D printing. The basic principles include materials cartridges, flexibility of output, and translation of code into a visible pattern.

Quantitative and qualitative techniques [1] provide a tradeoff between breadth and depth and betw... more Quantitative and qualitative techniques [1] provide a tradeoff between breadth and depth and between generalizability and targeting to specific (sometimes very limited) populations. However, beyond the debate over the relative virtues of these approaches and discuss some of the advantages and disadvantages of different types of instruments, the qualitative data collection is the most suitable approach. Observation, particularly participant observation, has been used in a variety of disciplines as a tool for collecting data about people, processes, and cultures in qualitative research. In view of for our research, reverse engineering approach [2], [3] and its practicability of minimizing process cycle time [4], [5] in the existing industries, the benefits of the qualitative approach are more appropriate for collecting the richer information and for deeper insight into the phenomenon under study.

Reverse engineering (Back Engineering) is the process of extracting knowledge or design informati... more Reverse engineering (Back Engineering) is the process of extracting knowledge or design information from anything man-made and reproducing it or reproducing anything based on the extracted information. There are two types of engineering, forward engineering and reverse engineering. Forward engineering is the traditional process of moving from high-level abstractions and logical designs to the physical implementation of a system. This is a paper for people interested in Reverse Engineering (RE) from an industrial perspective. Several journal papers have discussed issues related to RE, but there is a huge gap in practical literature in this field, especially in manufacturing. We are implementing RE on process cycle time in a Medium Scale Industry to cross-check whether the existing process cycle time is minimal or not and to give suggestion on the same if we find the answer as " NO " for the above question.

– Electric Discharge machining is a well-known nonconventional machining process. In electric dis... more – Electric Discharge machining is a well-known nonconventional machining process. In electric discharge machining Dielectric fluid plays an important role as material removal takes place due to repetitive spark discharge between an electrode and workpiece. The main functions of dielectric are too flushed through the spark gap to remove gaseous and solid debris during machining and to maintain the dielectric temperature by acting as a coolant. Dielectric fluids must have some properties such as low viscosity, good wetting capacity, and high flash point, etc. This paper will present a literature survey on the use of different dielectric and their effect on material removal rate and tool wear rate during EDM. For Gaseous dielectrics such as oxygen, Helium, Argon may also be used as a dielectric. For liquid dielectrics such as graphite and boron carbide powder mixed EDM are also employed in industries urea solution, hydrocarbon oil, and many additives mixed dielectric can be used. The use of vegetable oil-based fluids for industrial applications has a higher sustainability index compared to hydrocarbon and synthetic based fluids. Analysis has been performed for newly proposed Jatropha curcas oil based bio dielectric (Jatropha BD) fluid for material removal rate (MRR), the surface roughness (SR) and surface hardness (SH) in EDM process. The response patterns of Jatropha BD are similar to kerosene which is states that the effect of Jatropha BD is similar to kerosene. It is suggested that Jatropha oil based bio dielectric fluids can be used as an alternative to hydrocarbon-based dielectric for improving the sustainability of EDM process.

The mechanical manufacturing industries are regularly challenged for achieving higher productivit... more The mechanical manufacturing industries are regularly challenged for achieving higher productivity and high quality products in order to remain competitive. The desired shape, size and finished ferrous and non ferrous materials are conventionally produced through turning the preformed blanks with the help of cutting tools that moved past the work piece in a machine tool. Among various cutting processes, turning process is one of the most fundamental and most applied metal removal operations in a real manufacturing environment. The surface roughness of the machined parts is one of the most significant product quality characteristic which refers to the deviation from the nominal surface. Surface roughness plays a vital role in many applications such as precision fits, fastener holes, aesthetic requirements and parts subject to fatigue loads. Surface roughness imposes one of the most significant constraints for the selection of cutting parameters and machine tools in development of a process. Surface finish in turning has been found to be influenced in varying amounts by a number of factors such as feed rate, work material characteristics, work hardness, unstable built-up edge, cutting speed, depth of cut, cutting time, tool nose radius and tool cutting edge angles, stability of machine tool and work piece setup, chatter, and use of cutting fluids.

Books by AJAY K U M A R AGARWAL

Global competition has engendered a trend among companies towards continuously improving opera... more Global competition has engendered a trend among companies towards continuously improving operations so that they can provide customers the right products in the right quantities at the right times. In modern manufacturing the trend is the development of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, CIM technologies which is a computerized integration of manufacturing activities (Design, Planning, Scheduling and Control) produces right products at right time to react quickly to the global competitive market demands. The productivity of CIM is highly depending
upon the scheduling of Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS). Shorting the make span leads to decreasing machines idle time which results improvement in CIM productivity. Conventional methods of solving scheduling problems based on priority rules still result schedules, sometimes, with significant idle times. To optimize these, these pages model the problem of a flowshop scheduling with the objective of
minimizing the make span. The work proposed here deal with the production planning problem of a flexible manufacturing system. These pages model the problem of a flowshop scheduling with the objective of minimizing the make span. The objective is to minimize the makespan of batch-processing machines in a flowshop. The processing times and the sizes of the jobs are known and non-identical. The machines can process a batch as long as its capacity is not exceeded. The processing time of a batch is the longest processing time among all the jobs in that
batch. The problem under study is NP-hard for makes pan objective. Consequently, comparison based on Gupta’s heuristics, RA’s heuristics, Palmer’s heuristics, CDS’s heuristics are proposed in this work. Gantt chart is generated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.

Reverse Engineering (Back Engineering) is the process of extracting knowledge or design informati... more Reverse Engineering (Back Engineering) is the process of extracting knowledge or design information from anything man-made and re-producing it or re-producing anything based on the extracted information. There are two types of engineering, forward engineering and reverse engineering. Forward engineering is the traditional process of moving from high-level abstractions and logical designs to the physical implementation of a system. This is a thesis for people interested in Reverse Engineering (RE) from an industrial perspective. Several journal papers have discussed issues related to RE, but there is a huge gap in practical literature in this field, especially in manufacturing. We are implementing RE on process cycle time in a Medium Scale Industry to cross-check whether the existing process cycle time is minimal or not and to give suggestion on the same for their efficient and profitable production system.

Conventional methods of solving scheduling problems based on priority rules still result schedules, sometimes, with significant idle times but not so optimal. The work proposed here deal with the production planning problem of a flow shop scheduling problem of a medium scale industry.

The pages of this dissertation model the problem of a flow shop scheduling with the objective of minimizing the makespan. The processing times and the sizes of the jobs are known and non-identical. The machines can process a batch as long as its capacity is not exceeded. The processing time of a batch is the longest processing time among all the jobs in that batch. The problem under study is NP-hard for makes span objective. Consequently, comparison based on Palmer’s heuristics, CDS’s heuristics, RA’s heuristics and NEH’s heuristics are proposed in this work. Gantt chart is generated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.

The findings of this dissertation has suggested to the concerned company for further improvement in process cycle time by implementing the optimal sequence of J1 - J3 - J4 - J2 with an optimal makespan of 348.

Global competition has engendered a trend among companies towards continuously improving operatio... more Global competition has engendered a trend among companies towards continuously improving operations so that they can provide customers the right products in the right quantities at the right times. In modern manufacturing the trend is the development of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, CIM technologies which is a computerized integration of manufacturing activities (Design, Planning, Scheduling and Control) produces right products at right time to react quickly to the global competitive market demands. The productivity of CIM is highly depending
upon the scheduling of Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS). Shorting the make span leads to decreasing machines idle time which results improvement in CIM productivity. Conventional methods of solving scheduling problems based on priority rules still result schedules, sometimes, with significant idle times. To optimize these, these pages model the problem of a flowshop scheduling with the objective of
minimizing the make span. The work proposed here deal with the production planning problem of a flexible manufacturing system. These pages model the problem of a flowshop scheduling with the objective of minimizing the make span. The objective is to minimize the makespan of batch-processing machines in a flowshop. The processing times and the sizes of the jobs are known and non-identical. The machines can process a batch as long as its capacity is not exceeded. The processing time of a batch is the longest processing time among all the jobs in that batch. The problem under study is NP-hard for makes pan objective. Consequently, heuristics comparison are proposed in this work. Gantt chart is generated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.