Antimicrobial activities of the rhizome extract of Zingiber zerumbet Linn (original) (raw)
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Phytochemicals and Antibacterial Activity of Zingiber zerumbet Growing in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
Journal of Science and Mathematics Letters, 2023
The present study is aimed at analysing the chemical composition of essential oil and screening the phytochemicals in crude extracts from the rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm. (Zingiberaceae) as well as determining their antibacterial activity. The essential oil was extracted from the fresh rhizomes using the hydrodistillation method and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The phytochemicals from the dried rhizomes were extracted by sequential maceration technique using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol, while phytochemical screening was carried out using standard chemical tests. Antibacterial activity was screened using the disc diffusion method. A total of 31 components (94.5%) were detected in the rhizome oil with zerumbone (28.4%), terpinen-4-ol (16.5%) and α-humulene (11.1%) as the main components. Phytochemical screening of the extracts obtained from the dried rhizomes disclosed the existence of steroids, terpenes, quinones, flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, tannins, coumarins and glycosides. The rhizome oil showed potent antibacterial activity towards Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli with inhibition zone diameters of 20.66 and 16.66 mm, respectively. Among the extracts, the methanol extract demonstrated high inhibitory activity against Bacillus cereus (14.00 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (9.00 mm), and Salmonella typhi (10.66 mm), while the ethyl acetate extract gave the biggest inhibition zone on E. coli (10.33 mm). The findings from this study indicate that Z. zerumbet might be one of a promising source of natural chemicals that can act as antibacterial agents.
Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith: A Review of Its Ethnomedicinal, Chemical, and Pharmacological Uses
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2011
Zingiber zerumbet Sm., locally known to the Malay as "Lempoyang," is a perennial herb found in many tropical countries, including Malaysia. The rhizomes of Z. zerumbet, particularly, have been regularly used as food flavouring and appetizer in various Malays' cuisines while the rhizomes extracts have been used in Malay traditional medicine to treat various types of ailments (e.g., inflammatory-and pain-mediated diseases, worm infestation and diarrhea). Research carried out using different in vitro and in vivo assays of biological evaluation support most of these claims. The active pharmacological component of Z. zerumbet rhizomes most widely studied is zerumbone. This paper presents the botany, traditional uses, chemistry, and pharmacology of this medicinal plant.
Biological and chemical properties of Zingiber zerumbet Smith: a review
Numerous researches have been carried out in Zingiber zerumbet Smith. Since 1944 till date. Z. zerumbet is a monocotyledonous perennial medicinal plant belonging to Zingiberaceae family. It is commonly known as shampoo ginger. It has many different local names depending on their area of collection and vegetation. It is called as 'Singkha' in Manipuri. Various compounds have been reported to be isolated from Z. zerumbet and they serve a very potent and reliable drug candidate for the various diseases. They have been investigated for its prospects of effectiveness against number of activities in in vitro as well as in vivo and mechanisms that may be involved in chemo preventive measures and various pharmaceutical studies.
Pharmacognostical and phytochemical studies of Zingiber zerumbet (L) SM. rhizome
Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm. is a well known medicinal plant employed to cure various diseases. The Current study provides a detailed summary of pharmacognostical and phytochemical characters of rhizome to give clear standards for identification of the drug. The study revealed the presence of the oil cells in cortex and central cylinder region containing yellow to orange coloured oleo-resin is the main characteristic feature. The presence of globose, ovoid and irregularly rounded starch grains are the distinguishing features and can be used as anatomical markers. Rhizome powder showed some of the characteristic features such as starch grains with a distinct hilum situated at narrow end and parenchymatous cells with characteristically wrinkled wall and prismatic crystals. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of the rhizomes revealed the presence of glycosides, sterols, triterpenes, saponins, tannins, carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids and volatile oils. The present study signifies the use of TLC, HPTLC fingerprint profiles for determining the identity, purity of the drug and also for developing standards.
Currant Review on Phytochemical & Pharmacological Importance of Zingiber Zerumbet L
CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research - Zenodo, 2022
Populations around the world use medicinal plants to treat numerous diseases and ethnopharmacological information serves as a starting point for developing new drugs. The evidence of the therapeutic properties of zerumbone from bitter ginger, which are mainly secondary metabolites, is important information that can help in the search to discover new drugs. From a commercial point of view, a positive aspect is that ginger is easy to cultivate and it has a lot of pharmacological properties. This review article highlights the phytochemical & pharmacological aspects of Zingiber zerumbet. The results from all the studies and research mentioned in this review paper are definitive evidences that ZER is a powerful compound in the treatment of cancer and several other diseases and it possesses different beneficial in vitro and in vivo biological activities. It is nevertheless essential to do more animal studies and human clinical trials to determine the efficacy, safety and usefulness of Zingiber zerumbet as an intended pharmaceutical drug.
Plants of the Genus Zingiber as a Source of Bioactive Phytochemicals: From Tradition to Pharmacy
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2017
Plants of the genus Zingiber (Family Zingiberaceae) are widely used throughout the world as food and medicinal plants. They represent very popular herbal remedies in various traditional healing systems; in particular, rhizome of Zingiber spp. plants has a long history of ethnobotanical uses because of a plethora of curative properties. Antimicrobial activity of rhizome essential oil has been extensively confirmed in vitro and attributed to its chemical components, mainly consisting of monoterpene and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons such as α-zingiberene, ar-curcumene, β-bisabolene and β-sesquiphellandrene. In addition, gingerols have been identified as the major active components in the fresh rhizome, whereas shogaols, dehydrated gingerol derivatives, are the predominant pungent constituents in dried rhizome. Zingiber spp. may thus represent a promising and innovative source of natural alternatives to chemical food preservatives. This approach would meet the increasing concern of consume...
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science
Fungal and bacterial skin diseases are still major public health concerns in Thailand. Despite the accessibility of numerous antimicrobial medications, antibiotic resistance remains a problem. Furthermore, only a few new medicines have been developed, and their side effects are a cause for concern. Identifying and utilizing natural chemicals is an alternative resolution for these issues. The rhizome of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) is one of the herbs used as an antibiotic in Eastern Thailand. This research aimed to develop an appropriate extraction method for Z. zerumbet (L.) rhizome using different solvents. The extract's biomarkers and various pharmacological activities were also analyzed. Results showed that the ethanol extract had no effect on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, or Candida albicans. Meanwhile, the hexane and dichloromethane extracts had minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 0.01562 and 0.03125 mg/ml, respectively, for S. aureus. Their MBC and minimal fungicidal concentration for S. epidermidis and C. albicans were 0.03125 and 0.0625 mg/ml, respectively. The ethanol extract outperformed the dichloromethane and hexane extracts in terms of antioxidant activity as measured by 2,2ʹ-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assays. Furthermore, the ethanol extract showed anti-inflammatory properties as determined by the protein denaturation test. Finally, the LC 50 values of ethanol, dichloromethane, and hexane extracts were 122.78, 220.76, and 67.96 g/ml, respectively, according to the cytotoxicity assay. These findings suggest that the extract from Z. zerumbet (L.) rhizome could be employed to develop an antimicrobial medicine in the future.
Family Zingiberaceae Compounds as Functional Antimicrobials, Antioxidants, and Antiradicals
Increasing numbers of reported cases of food-associated infections and health problems associated with synthetic additives have led to a growing interest by consumers in ingredients from natural sources. Some members of the family Zingiberaceae have been extensively used as a condiment for flavoring as well as traditional medicines. These include Alpinia galanga (galanga), Boesenbergia pandurata (krachai), Curcuma amada (mango ginger), Curcuma longa (turmeric), Curcuma zedoria (zedoary), Kampferia galanga (proh hom), Zin-giber officinale (ginger), and Zingiber zerumbet (zerumbet ginger). Their antimicrobial activities against important foodborne pathogens A Norwalk virus, Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia lamblia are outlined. In addition to the antimicrobial activities against a wide range of microorganisms, their antioxidant activities have been documented. The potential uses of these plant species as food preservatives are discussed.