Tracing the cultural heritage values of a traditional Antakya house (original) (raw)
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Urban and Regional Planning Review
This study aims to observe the historical transformation of the traditional maritime house in the embryo of Banjarmasin City, the Banjarese house. By intensifying on the physical features and room layout, this research will deliver a proposal on preventing the somewhat fragile Banjarese house from extinction. Firstly, the study starts with an identification of the general physical components of the remaining Banjarese houses. Secondly, the historical development is analyzed to identify the transformation pattern and room spatial arrangement. Finally, the SWOT method will be utilized to map the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities of, as well as the threat to, the Banjarese house in order to scrutinize the possibility of preservation. The result outlines that, in spite of the general poor condition of the investigated houses, the Banjarese houses represent value and the cultural identity of the Banjarese people and their life. Despite some weaknesses and threats that may deter the Banjarese houses from getting protected, there are more valuable reasons for executing a preservation strategy with government support. In general, this study suggests a strategy of creating a living space where the old house mingles together with the surroundings. Therefore, we intend to protect not only the building itself but also the current life of its residents. Furthermore, we offer this as an idea to preserve traditional homes all over the world and especially those in developing countries.
Enganging the past of the city through the conservation of heritage building
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2017
Built heritage is a physical representation of culture that provides a connection with the past and important for aesthetic and symbolic values for the city. The conservation of built heritage is a necessary not only to engage with the identity of but also to sustaining development in the city. However, heritage buildings are vulnerable to development and modernization. The paper examines a colonial building in Jakarta that has been converted into different functions through various levels of physical modifications. As a case study is Cut Meutia Mosque in Menteng, designed by a Dutch architect PAJ Moojen during the Dutch late colonial era. The building was initiated in 1912 as N.V. Bouwploeg, a Dutch architecture firm that developed the nearby residential area of New Gondangdia. The New Gondangdia, including Menteng as its central area, was developed according to modern garden city principles. During its lifetime, the building was used for different purposes such as a post office and a train company office. After Ali Sadikin's term as Governor of Jakarta, the building was converted into a mosque. The architecture of the building follows the Dutch Rationalist style but adapts to local climate such as a ventilation tower in the center of the building to regulate the temperature inside. Through historical and field research, this paper discusses the benefits and possible distortions of history manifest in the transformation of colonial buildings. Moreover, learning from the conservation of building heritage and urban area in the city may support the idea of livable memory of urban area and sustainable city.
ShirathalMustaqiemMosqueisoneoftheculturalheritagebuildingslocatedinSamarindaSeberang, Samarinda city.This building still functions and uses wood as alocal wisdom that was owned by the Kalimantan area at the time the building waserected. As a cultural heritage building, its existence needs to be preserved because ithas important values for history, science, education, religion, and/or culture. The workof preserving the building is an obligation to maintain its authenticity by maintaining theconcept of its authenticity, namely the wood component as a constituent of the shapeandstructureofthebuilding.Thisresearchwasconductedwiththemethodofobservation,observationanddirectre viewofthelocationofthemosquebuilding.Observations were only made on visible and accessible parts of the building, whichincluded the main column, secondary column, main room floor, terrace floor, walls,window frames and shutters, floor list plank, terrace poles and terrace fence.From theobservation, it was found that floors with boards varying in width from 15-19 cm wereinstalled using nails to the floor frame, columns/poles made of 8-sided wood (each sidewidth of 17-18.5 cm) totaled 4 pieces as the main column with a height of 8 meters.Thesecondary columns of 4-sided wood (the width of each side is 23-25 cm) are 12 pieceswith a height of 4 meters.The walls of the mosque are made of wooden planks with awidth of 9.5-20 cm installed vertically with reinforced semicircular beams with a diameterof 20 cm.The distance between the wall beams is approximately 90 cm.The height ofthe inner wall is 334 cm.The window frames are made of wooden beams measuring16x16 cm (window circumference) and the door is equipped with a frame pole which haswood dimensions of 17x17 cm, door width is 168 cm and height is 227 cm.Terracepillars in the form of beams with dimensions of 13x13 cm with a height of 331 cm fromthefaceof thefloor, installedaround the terrace.
New or Transformed: Design Approaches of Antakya Houses in the French Mandate Period
METU JFA, 2021
CİLT VOLUME SAYI NUMBER METU JOURNAL OF THE FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE ODTÜ MİMARLIK FAKÜLTESİ DERGİSİ METU JOURNAL OF THE FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE is a biannual refereed publication of the Middle East Technical University published every June and December. The Journal publishes articles contributing to the development of knowledge in man-environment relations, design and planning, which have theoretical or practical significance. Manuscripts, in English or Turkish, have to be approved by the Editorial Board, which are then forwarded to Referees before acceptance for publication. The Board claims no responsibility for the opinions expressed in the published manuscripts. It is assumed that the manuscripts received by the Journal are not sent to other journals for publication purposes and have not been previously published elsewhere. Translation of other authors' works is not accepted. Manuscripts sent for publication should conform to the format outlined in the Writing Manual that is published in the first (June) issue of each volume or that can be found on the Journal website. Starting from 2013 the 'online submission website' http://metujfa.arch.metu.edu.tr is available. Authors should submit manuscripts using the online submission system. Manuscripts that are not submitted through the online system, will not be considered for publication. The METU JFA is indexed / abstracted by the following databases : ABZU (A guide to information related to the study of the Ancient Near East on the Web); Arthistoricum.
KARACAKAYA VILLAGE: TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE TEXTURE AND TODAY’S CONSERVATION SITUATION
Research and Development on Social Sciences, 2018
The rural and rural architecture, which is one of the most important elements of cultural and natural heritage, is separated from the cities by features such as economy, cultural structure, social life, landscape and environment arrangement. Rural areas have a unique identity with their natural environment, architectural texture, production techniques, social and cultural life. Today, rural people who have met with the city have turned their attention to the construction that disrupts the originality of the rural settlements, the acquisition of new economic interests, the decrease in the basic livelihoods of agriculture and livelihood, and thus the adoption of new ways of life. This has led to a clear line between urban and rural life. Rural architecture is built using unique building materials and construction techniques with the help of data such as topographical and climate characteristics, production forms, traditions and customs of the settlement area. Therefore it reflects the unique architectural identity of the area they are located. Documentation and preservation of such an architectural identity is of great importance. In this study, the architectural and landscape identity and sociocultural structure of the village of Karacakaya in Trabzon province was examined and it was aimed to determine the preservation situation of the original rural architectural heritage of the village today. In addition, the buildings built in recent years by the villagers who migrated to the city have been examined, revealing the traditional architecture typical of the region and its reflection on new constructions. The rural architectural characteristics of the area were evaluated towards the Karacakaya Village scale from the Eastern Black Sea region scale.
TRADITIONAL HOUSES AND URBAN FABRIC OF AYAŞ
TRADITIONAL HOUSES AND URBAN FABRIC OF AYAŞ, 2021
This study was carried out in order to explain the historical texture of Ayaş, whose historical identity is of great value, located 58 km from Ankara, and the plan schemes, appearances and photographs of various structures obtained as a result of the studies. It is known that the Seljuk Turks founded the Ayaş district. For this reason, the structures and civil architectural texture of the Seljuk Turks belonging to the Oghuz Tribes stand out in the district, which has hosted different cultures. In Ayaş house architecture, we also see traces of Ankara house architecture. Ayaş houses, which also contain local architectural features, are a repeat of Ankara house architecture. In Ayaş house architecture, like Ankara architecture, we can see that the plan type consisting of sorting the rooms on both sides of the sofa (which surrounds the entire sofa) and the plan type consisting of sorting the rooms on one side of the sofa (which surrounds the 3 sides of the sofa) are applied. We can clearly see that local architectural features are also used in the houses. Ayaş district's architectural features should be met naturally due to the fact that it takes from Ankara houses and is the nearest center to it. But when these effects were taken into consideration, the main features did not remain in the background, plus they fed and led to the birth of their own characteristics. But over time, due to the destruction of the historical fabric that manifests itself in Ayaş, the structures that make up the traditional architecture, the construction technique began to disappear, and over time it was replaced by concrete, which is a modern material. For this reason, there is a noticeable decrease in traditional structures specific to the region. People are changing some parts of houses or making new ones instead of old ones in accordance with contemporary needs, so it is inevitable that the authenticity of the structures will be lost. In this direction, most of the houses that reflect the architecture of the region with the construction technique and material have been documented and damage has been determined, analysis has been carried out and many of them have been restored in order to be transferred to the future. In this direction, many of them were registered, and the plan typologies of the houses usually located in Aşağı Ayaş were studied. According to these plan typologies, a table was created according to the sofa characteristics, and this table was supported by the appearance and photos of the structures.
Restoration and refunction problems of Diyarbakır traditional houses
The traditional urban texture of Diyarbakır is founded in the city walls. The traditional Diyarbakır houses have their own architectural properties, which are shaped with the effect of family structure, economical structure, cultural interaction, city walls, climate, geological structure and building materials. They also take an important place in the cultural heritage context due to their distinctive architectural characteristics. These independent houses that are isolated from the outside are located in a court. The traditional Diyarbakır houses, which are designed as summer, winter and spring places regarding to the effect of climatic factors, are generally formed of a basement, ground floor and the first floor. The basement is the area where the fuel (wood and coal) and foods for winter are stored. The service and living spaces are found at the ground and first floors. The wide entrances (ivans) and the rooms with their sliced, flat arched, quadrangular windows with columns are the building elements, which give movement and richness to the courtyard. While the walls built by basalt stones, the authentic flat roofs of the houses are covered by earthen materials. During the recent years, restoration works are conducted on monumental buildings and traditional houses in Diyarbakır by some state institutions and organizations, and, private enterprises, which enable them to be utilized in today’s needs assessment. The most of the traditional houses offer a wide range of usage possibilities take an important place among them. The authentic textures of many of those houses have been destroyed due to the renovation works since 1960s. In these works, mostly additional floor and space constructions conducted by the owners. Deterioration and degeneration of the structures of the houses have increased because of the lack of proper control mechanism and incompetence of the technical staffs, working in this field. A few traditional houses have been restored to reuse with a new public functions by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, governorship, municipality, non-governmental organizations and individuals. While restoring these houses, same of the wrong implementations have been damaged the authentic texture. As a result of the inspections that have been performed, it has been seen that the new function is directly related with the destruction that may occur. It is understood that the authentic values and cultural persistence are preserved when the functions not forced the original design, comfort level and construction techniques of the houses. Annexes, renovation and modifications destroy the authentic plan of the houses are limited in restoration works conducted by the Ministry and governorship; whereas, needs were taken into consideration during works performed by individuals and non-governmental organizations. Besides, the architectural building elements were also had renovation rather than conservation.
2016
Whilom, relationship between human being and nature was oriented towards housing modes which intends to protection. Later on, because of human being’s ceaseless efforts which give shape nature according to their needs, today nature is convicted to city architecture and housing modes which are necessary to protect the nature from detrimental effects of people. In the past, there was a structuring which includes slight human contribution on meeting social, cultural and emotional needs. On the contrary, there are examples of traditional domestic architecture, which are at peace with nature and which are harmony factor of a life that is equipped with prised acquirements in terms of social fabric. Present study will try to remind of vernacular architecture’s factors in terms of material, construction practice and system by dwelling on examples of ‘’Buttoned Houses’’ in Akseki-Ibradi region in Antalya.
GEOGRAPHIES, PLANNING AND TOURISM STUDIOS
Refunctioning (adaptive reuse) has an important place in the preservation of historical and cultural values. It is aimed to ensure the sustainability of the registered structure with its original components as much as possible by registering some of the structures that need to be conserved. There is an important gap to be filled between the balance of conservation and use; In closing this gap, branding processes in tourism, competing cities etc. conceptualizations enable cultural values and identity components to come to the fore. In new conservation approaches, registered buildings are very important for the cultural development and promotion of the city. It is an agreed issue that all of these assets should be converted into museums or efforts in this direction are unsustainable and that they should be focused on adaptive reuse and using them, while preserving and transferring the city's history and culture to future generations. This study is based on the discussion that finds it right to establish the relationship between the cultural continuity and the use of re-functionalized historical buildings in the context of tourism, especially cultural tourism. Thus, it is aimed to gain the necessary momentum from the unity of culture, conservation, sustainability and tourism and to create content that contributes to the urban economy. In this context, the existing structural problems of Ferit Köşk (Mansion), which is one of the historical buildings of Diyarbakir, were examined, and suggestions were presented for the sustainability of the mansion, its refunctioning (adaptive reuse), the provision of conservation-use balance and its bringing into cultural tourism.It is aimed to create an agenda for the mansion structure and conservation policy in line with the suggestions presented with this study, which is prepared for the use and transfer of the building to the future by refunctioning (adaptive reuse), which is not used today and is in danger of collapsing. Historical buildings are cultural heritages that carry the culture, history and memory of the past to the present. The conservation, sustainability and tourism of cultural heritage are important for the development of cities. For this reason, every work done to ensure the survival and continuity of cultural heritage by putting these concepts into practice is valuable. The efforts of societies that conserve their cultural values to build the future provide cultural and historical continuity. In recent years, the development of conservation awareness for historical buildings, the high economic return, and the increase in nostalgia and search for the past are some of the reasons that increase the orientation to the historical and cultural environment. For this reason, the cultural tourism movement, the conservation and rearrangement of historical buildings in cities contributed to the development of the understanding of sustainability. Urban conservation can be realized by preventing the disappearance or destruction of structures bearing the traces of historical and cultural values in today's conditions. Conservation the historical environment and buildings against all kinds of external influences in order to transfer them to the future is one of the main elements of urban conservation (Keleş-Hamamcı, 1997, p.120).