Politicisation of the polish media or mediatisation of polish politics? (original) (raw)
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The media in Poland: Five years after the breakdown
Academia Letters, 2021
One day later, the Act took effect. An immediate replacement of the Polish TV and Polish Radio Boards and Supervisory Boards members followed. The principle which formed the basis of the regulatory philosophy of this system and has been in force since the early 1990s was also questioned, i.e. that the government's authority over public media is exercised by an authority other than that directly subordinate to the government or a part of it. What has happened in Poland with respect to the public media proves the media's position vis a vis the authorities and the politics typical for the Central and Eastern Europe where the deeply rooted traditional media philosophy has still been in force in line with the well-established behavioural patterns connected with the post-authoritarian culture; the degree varying from country to country. Ironically, the latter facilitates the development, in Central and Eastern Europe, of the phenomenon named "Italianisation of the media". 1 The notion occurred in 1980s as a result of the then developed model of the Italian media. Let's recall its characteristic features: • Strong state control of the media • Close relations between the media and the ruling party
Politics and the Media in Poland from the 19th to the 21st Centuries
Brill, 2024
The book presents the latest research and reflects on the relationships between the media and politics, using the case study method. It delves into the interests of Polish researchers from various centres. The individual chapters focus on different types of both old and new media, including the press, books, radio and the Internet. The authors are historians, media experts and political scientists, sociologists, cultural experts, linguists and representatives of other disciplines. As a result, the research methods, hypotheses and research results present a range of perspectives.
Public Television in Poland Political Pressure and Public Service Media in a Post- communist Country
Routledge, 2021
This book examines the professional activity of public television journalists in Poland operating in the still unstable system of a postcommunist state, to demonstrate how the media can work in the public interest to strengthen democracy. Drawing on in-depth interviews with Telewizja Polska (TVP) journalists, the author shows how public television in Poland has become highly politicised and commercialised, and must defend against constant attacks on its autonomy. She draws parallels with the media systems in Hungary and the Czech Republic to analyse potential legal solutions and to highlight how Poland's journalists are subject to influences from the political class as well as from the market-a situation brought about by flawed legislation, the absence of a political culture, an inefficient internal regulating process and lack of suitable training for the journalists themselves. Adding an important perspective on recently developed media systems, this book will be an important resource for scholars and students of journalism, media studies, media industries, politics and media history. Agnieszka Węglińska is an associate professor in the Department of Journalism and Communication, the Faculty of Applied Studies at the University of Lower Silesia, Poland. Her research concentrates on public service media and transformation of media systems in Europe.
ATHENAEUM Polish Political Science Studies, 2021
This study addresses the positioning of Poland’s public television network (TVP) within the country’s contemporary political system. In a democratic country, the media laws determine journalism practices and the media content. In this study, three perspectives of analysis were used to assess the relationship between the process of politicization and the selection and shaping of news. Three areas of the TVP’s politicization were focused on: media law, journalists, and media content, to show the dependence between these fields and how the news was shaped and presented. Mixed methods of empirical research were used to investigate the raised issues; the authors focused on Polish parliament papers (N = 45) regarding the legal regulations of Polish public broadcasters during the period of 2015–2016; conducted in-depth interviews with journalists with TVP experience (N = 20); and performed a content analysis of the Polish public television channel TVP1’s “Newsnight” news program during the period of February 4–10, 2019. We found that an increased level of politicization at Poland’s TVP led to direct influence on the shape and selection of news.
Over two decades have passed by since Poland took the course of democratic changes. In the early 1990s the press sector was re-established as a consequence of de-monopolization and has been taken over by foreigners. The electronic media sector has been restricted for 15 years and foreign companies could only have one third of the ownership. The complexity of Polish media system reflects the long way from communism and governmental media towards free democratized market with some remnants of the previous era. It is hard to predict when it will be shaped in a brand new way and if it is generally possible.
Media in the Project of the Fourth Republic of Poland. Program Assumptions and Political Practice
Humanities and Social Sciences quarterly, 2018
The paper is part of a wider research project on the relationship between the political camp of the Fourth Republic of Poland and the media. The political project of the construction of the Fourth Republic of Poland was postulated and implemented in Poland by the Law and Justice camp in 2005-2007. The necessity to build the Fourth Republic of Poland was a postulate raised both in the parliamentary and presidential elections in 2005. As part of the project, the author analyzes various aspects of relations between politicians and groups of the Fourth Republic of Poland with the media and examines the relationship of selected media to political events of the Fourth Republic of Poland. The present articles is the result of the press studies of selected press titles and analysis of case studies. The presented article concerns the analysis of program assumptions regarding the role of the media in the Fourth Republic of Poland project and the comparison of these assumptions with the practice of political activities in this period. The starting point for the discussion were the provisions formulated in the Law and Justice 2005 program documents. It was an electoral program and a draft of a new constitution. The article also covers the analysis of selected aspects in the relations between the Law and Justice and the media as well as legislative activity concerning the media during the construction of the Fourth Republic of Poland.
Media landscape of Poland - from a distance
2014
This short essay is meant for scholars and students of mass media who need a basic introduction to the largest media market in Eastern Europe-Poland. The contemporary Polish media system functions within a framework shaped by the process of transformation from authoritarian communism to liberal democracy, and it is impossible to understand without some knowledge of that transformation. Therefore the text consists of three parts: the postwar communist authoritarian system (1944-1989), the transformation from authoritarian communism to liberal democracy (1989-2004) and recent trends including the rise of the "new" online media (2004-2013).
Two narratives about Poland and society. Analysis of news programmes: Fakty TV and Wiadomości TVP
Władza Sądzenia
The media landscape in Poland is increasingly polarised, with broadcasters promoting biased narratives that conveniently omit certain issues that do not align with their agenda. These narratives use rhetorical devices and symbolism to manipulate people’s perception of social reality and cultivate a shared worldview that legitimises their stance. This polarisation is linked to political parallelism, where media outlets align themselves with specific political factions and abandon their impartiality. In Poland, identity media is prevalent, with broadcasters providing pre-packaged interpretations of news stories that further fuel the polarisation. It creates echo chambers, also known as epistemic bubbles. The study examined news coverage from Wiadomości TVP and Fakty TVN, analysing the narratives presented and the values and topics covered. Broadcasters promoted different narratives, contributing to social divisions and strengthening dichotomy, with fixed topics dominating the coverage...
Political discourse on Polish commercial television. Case of “Fakty” TVN
Central European journal of communication, 2009
Th e continual growth in the importance of commercial media, as proven by its growing share of the audience market, invites us to scrutinize the ways politics is mediated through these chan- nels. One may assume that the very essence of commercial activity infl uences the ways and forms of conducting political discourse by these media, and as a result infl uences the picture of politics. Th e aim of the article is to point out the shift away from traditional forms of political debates as well as the change in formula of covering political phenomena and events, and political processes by the media, and the specifi cs of the convergence of television genres, in which politics is present. Th e article will attempt a reconstruction of medial political reality, based on content analysis and the analysis of the forms of political discourse in commercial television, particularly in news programs using "Fakty", broadcasted by TVN, as a case study.