A Polyamide Single-Ion Electrolyte Membrane for Application in Lithium-Ion Batteries (original) (raw)
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Highly conductive, oriented polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries
Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 2002
In semicrystalline complexes of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with different salts, such as lithium iodide, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiTF) and lithium trifluoromethanesulfonimide (LiTFSI), stretching induced longitudinal DC conductivity enhancement was observed, in spite of the formation of more ordered polymer electrolyte (PE) structure. It was found that the more amorphous the PE, the less its lengthwise conductivity is influenced by stretching. The results of our investigation suggest that ionic transport occurs preferentially along the PEO helical axis, at least in the crystalline phase, and that the rate-determining step of the lithium ion conduction in LiI:P(EO)20, LiTF:P(EO)20 polymer electrolytes below Tm is “interchain” hopping. Understanding ion transport processes is clearly a fertile field for research and development in the synthesis of new rigid polymers with ordered channels and composition appropriate for enhanced ionic conductivity. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
2018
Solvent-free, single-ion conducting electrolytes are sought after for use in electrochemical energy storage devices. Here, we investigate the ionic conductivity and how this property is influenced by segmental mobility and conducting ion number in crosslinked single-ion conducting polyether-based electrolytes with varying tethered anion and counter-cation types. Crosslinked electrolytes are prepared by the polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA), poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate, and ionic monomers. The ionic conductivity of the electrolytes is measured and interpreted in the context of differential scanning calorimetry and Raman spectroscopy measurements. A lithiated crosslinked electrolyte prepared with PEG31DA and STFSI monomers is found to have a lithium ion conductivity of 3.2 × 10-6 and 1.8 × 10−5 S/cm at 55 and 100 °C, respectively. The percentage of unpaired anions for this electrolyte was estimated at about 23% via Raman s...
Recent research activities on single ion polymer electrolyte (SIPE) that provides a simple but important way to solve problems related to battery safety and lithium dendrite formation for lithium based battery applications were reviewed. Improvement in both ionic conduction property and battery performance has been achieved during the last two decades. The ionic conduction mechanisms to guide SIPE molecular structure design, membrane preparation and battery assembling have been more clarified. Prototypes with both gel and all-solid systems have been demonstrated with acceptable performance and stability. In addition, the future prospects for the development of SIPE materials in lithium battery applications were also described.
Poly (Ionic Liquid) Based Electrolyte for Lithium Battery Application
2018
The demand for electric vehicles is increasing rapidly as the world is preparing for a fossil fuel-free future in the automotive field. Lithium battery technologies are the most effective options to replace fossil fuels due to their higher energy densities. However, safety remains a major concern in using lithium as the anode, and the development of non-volatile, nonflammable, high conductivity electrolytes is of great importance. In this dissertation, a gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) consisting of ionic liquid, lithium salt, and a polymer has been developed for their application in lithium batteries. A comparative study between GPE and ionic liquid electrolyte (ILE) containing batteries shows a superior cyclic performance up to 5C rate and a better rate capability for 40 cycles for cells with GPE at room temperature. The improvement is attributed to GPE’s improved stability voltage window against lithium as well as higher lithium transference number. The performance of the GPE in lithium-sulfur battery system using sulfur-CNT cathodes shows superior rate capability for the GPE versus ILE for up to 1C rates. Also, GPE containing batteries had higher capacity retention versus ILE when cycled for 500 cycles vii at C/2 rate. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies reveal interfacial impedances for ILE containing batteries grew faster than in GPE batteries. The accumulation of insoluble Li2S2/Li2S on the electrodes decreases the active material thus contributes to capacity fading. SEM imaging of cycled cathodes reveals cracks on the surface of cathode recovered from ILE batteries. On the other hand, the improved electrochemical performance of GPE batteries indicates better and more stable passivation layer formation on the surface of the electrodes. Composite GPE (cGPE) containing micro glass fillers were studied to determine their electrochemical performance in Li batteries. GPE with 1 wt% micro fillers show superior rate capability for up to 7C and also cyclic stability for 300 cycles at C/2 rate. In situ, EIS also reveals a rapid increase in charge transfer resistance in GPE batteries, responsible for lowering the capacity during cycling. Improved ion transport properties due to ion-complex formations in the presence of the micro fillers is evidenced by improved lithium transference number, ionic conduction, and ion-pair dissociation detected using Raman spectroscopy
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Electrochimica Acta, 2012
Different compositions of a ternary solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) system consisting solely of poly(ethylene oxide), lithium bis(trifluoromethansulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) and the ionic liquid Nmethyl-N-butyl-pyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethane-sulfonyl) imide (Pyr 14 TFSI) were tested. Differential scanning calorimetry shows that a few ternary polymer electrolytes with selected salt and ionic liquid contents are amorphous at room temperature. The Li + coordination in the ternary electrolytes was analyzed by Raman spectroscopy while the Li + transport properties were investigated by means of pulsed-field-gradient NMR (PFG-NMR), impedance spectroscopy and DC methods.
Advanced, high-performance composite polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries
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Lithium-Ion-Conducting Electrolytes: From an Ionic Liquid to the Polymer Membrane
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2009
This work concerns the design, the synthesis, and the characterization of the TFSI͒ ionic liquid ͑IL͒. To impart Li-ion transport, a suitable amount of lithium N,N-bis-͑trifluoromethane͒sulfonimide ͑LiTFSI͒ is added to the IL. The Li-IL mixture displays ionic conductivity values on the order of 10 −4 S cm −1 and an electrochemical stability window in the range of 1.8-4.5 V vs Li + /Li. The voltammetric analysis demonstrates that the cathodic decomposition gives rise to a passivating layer on the surface of the working electrode, which kinetically extends the stability of the Li/IL interface as confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The LiTFSI-PP 24 TFSI mixture is incorporated in a poly͑vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene͒ matrix to form various electrolyte membranes with different LiTFSI-PP 24 TFSI contents. The ionic conductivity of all the membranes resembles that of the LiTFSI-IL mixture, suggesting an ionic transport mechanism similar to that of the liquid component. NMR measurements demonstrate a reduction in the mobility of all ions following the addition of LiTFSI to the PP 24 TFSI IL and when incorporating the mixture into the membrane. Finally, an unexpected but potentially significant enhancement in Li transference number is observed in passing from the liquid to the membrane electrolyte system.
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