The effects of omega-3 and vitamin E co-supplementation on parameters of mental health and gene expression related to insulin and inflammation in subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome (original) (raw)
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Scientific Reports
Vitamin E supplementation might have favorable effects on risk factors of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the effects of vitamin E supplementation or vitamin E in combination with omega-3 or magnesium on PCOS. PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase electronic databases, and Google scholar were searched for all available articles up to September 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effect of vitamin E supplementation or vitamin E in combination with omega-3 or magnesium on lipid and glycemic profiles, anthropometric measurements, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, hormonal profile, and hirsutism score in patients with PCOS were included. Ten RCTs (with 504 participants) fulfilled the eligible criteria. Vitamin E supplementation or vitamin E in combination with omega-3 or magnesium in comparison to placebo could significantly reduce serum levels of TG (weighted mean differe...
BMC Women's Health
Background Patients with Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are predisposed to the development of several mental comorbidities such as depression. According to several studies, PCOS can be managed by improving insulin sensitivity. The insulin-sensitizing effect of vitamin K has been reported in recent studies. Therefore, in the current trial, we assessed the effect of administrating vitamin K2 (Menaquinone-7) on depression status in women afflicted with PCOS. Methods Eighty-four PCOS women were allocated into the intervention and comparison groups; the intervention group (n = 42) administered 90 µg/day Menaquinone-7, and the comparison group (n = 42) consumed placebo capsules (containing avesil) for 8 weeks. In this randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, depression status was measured by BECK depression inventory-II (BDI-II) before and after 8 weeks of intervention. Results Consumption of Menaquinone-7 in comparison with the placebo capsules significantly improve...
Scientific Reports
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy among reproductive-age women. Various therapeutical approaches are currently used to manage or control symptoms associated with PCOS. This systematic review intended to assess the effects of Vit E supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammatory and oxidative markers, and hormonal functions in PCOS women based on the clinical trial's results. The databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Embase were used to find all relevant studies. The authors reviewed all relevant clinical trials via systematic evaluation of abstracts and titles. Searches were conducted on August 1, 2020. After the initial search and reading of the article's title and abstract, 353 articles were reviewed; finally, 12 articles met the inclusion criteria. Vitamin E supplementation improves lipid profile, decreases insulin and HOMA-IR levels. Furthermore, while Vitamin E supplementation decreases LH and testoster...
Journal of International Medical Research, 2008
The relationship between clinicobiochemical characteristics and selfreported psychological parameters in 42 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and 42 age-matched healthy controls was examined. The General Health Questionnaire was used (GHQ-12) to ascertain emotional distress and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to determine depressive symptoms. Emotional distress, depressive symptoms, hirsutism score, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), luteinizing hormone/folliclestimulating hormone ratio, serum total testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels and the insulin resistance index were significantly greater in women with PCOS than in healthy women. The BDI and GHQ-12 scores of the women with PCOS were significantly higher than those of the control group (BDI, 11.69 ± 9.49 vs 5.80 ± 4.58; GHQ-12, 3.38 ± 3.38 vs 1.54 ± 1.97, respectively), and BMI and WHR were positively correlated with the BDI and GHQ-12 scores. Clinicians should be aware of the increased risk of emotional distress and depression in women with PCOS, especially those who are obese, and of the need to screen these patients for such symptoms.
Depression in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: clinical and biochemical correlates
Journal of Affective Disorders, 2003
We assessed the prevalence of mood disturbance among women with prospectively documented polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: Thirty-two women with PCOS completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Rating Scale (CES-D). Clinical and biochemical characteristics were assessed. Results: Sixteen women had CES-D scores indicative of depression. Depression was associated with greater insulin resistance (P 5 0.02) and higher body mass index (P 5 0.05). Women receiving oral contraceptives for the treatment of PCOS were less depressed than patients not receiving treatment (P 5 0.03). Limitations: Possible selection bias, use of a screening tool alone without further diagnostic evaluation of depression, small samples size and lack of direct comparison with an age matched control group, should be considered in interpretation of these results. Conclusion: Findings suggest a high prevalence of depression among women with PCOS, and an association between depression and PCOS markers.
Depression and Anxiety in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Biochemical Associates
Journal of SAFOG, 2016
Objective: To assess the prevalence of mood depression and anxiety in women with prospectively diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Materials and methods: A cohort study at Fatima Memorial Hospital was conducted with a total of 137 patients with PCOS and a similar number of controls, attending gynecology clinic; all participants of the study were required to complete hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) questionnaire. Later the biochemical assessment was done between PCOS with depression to PCOS without depression in order to find its associates. Results: Study shows an increased prevalence of depression and anxiety in women with PCOS as compared to control, general population.
Depression, anxiety and cardiometabolic risk in polycystic ovary syndrome
Human Reproduction, 2011
background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with psychological and metabolic disturbances. The aim of this study was to determine whether depression, anxiety and reduced health-related quality of life (HRQOL) are more common in women with PCOS and associated with metabolic risk. methods: The study included 226 PCOS patients and 85 BMI-matched healthy control women. All participants completed standardized questionnaires assessing depression (Beck Depression Inventory), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) and both depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and General Health Questionnaire). Patients also completed a PCOS HRQOL questionnaire. Hirsutism scores, serum androgens and lipids were obtained. All subjects underwent a standard oral glucose tolerance test. results: 28.6% of PCOS women versus 4.7% of control women had clinical depression scores indicating an 8.1-fold increased risk of depression in PCOS (P , 0.001). Depression and anxiety scores were higher in PCOS women than controls (P , 0.01 for all subscales). Obese PCOS subjects had higher depression scores and rates than non-obese PCOS women (P , 0.05). Depression scores were significantly correlated with insulin resistance and lipid parameters and with the number of components comprising the metabolic syndrome. Menstrual and hirsutism problems were the most serious concerns followed by emotional problems on the HRQOL.
Gynecological Endocrinology, 2017
Introduction: Limited data are available assessing the effects of oral carnitine supplementation on mental health parameters and biomarkers of oxidative stress of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).This study was designed to determine the effects of oral carnitine supplementation on mental health parameters and biomarkers of oxidative stress in women with PCOS. Methods: In the current randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 60 patients diagnosed with PCOS were randomized to take either 250 mg carnitine supplements (n ¼ 30) or placebo (n ¼ 30) for 12 weeks. Results: After 12 weeks' intervention, compared with the placebo, carnitine supplementation resulted in a significant improvement in Beck Depression Inventory total score (À2.7 ± 2.3 versus À0.2 ± 0.7, p50.001), General Health Questionnaire scores (À6.9 ± 4.9 versus À0.9 ± 1.5, p50.001) and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale scores (À8.7 ± 5.9 versus À1.2 ± 2.9, p ¼ 0.001). In addition, changes in plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (+84.1 ± 151.8 versus +4.6 ± 64.5 mmol/L, p ¼ 0.01), malondialdehyde (MDA) (À0.4 ± 1.0 versus +0.5 ± 1.5 mmol/L, p ¼ 0.01) and MDA/TAC ratio (À0.0005 ± 0.0010 versus +0.0006 ± 0.0019, p ¼ 0.003) in the supplemented group were significantly different from the changes in these indicators in the placebo group. Conclusions: Overall, our study demonstrated that carnitine supplementation for 12 weeks among patients with PCOS had favorable effects on parameters of mental health and biomarkers of oxidative stress.
Metabolism, 2011
Objective-To compare the effects of essential vs. long chain omega (n)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Materials/Methods-In this 6-week, prospective, double-blinded, placebo (soybean oil) controlled study, 51 completers received 3.5 g n-3 PUFA/day (essential from flaxseed oil or long chain from fish oil). Anthropometric variables, cardiovascular risk factors and androgens were measured; oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and frequently sampled intravenous GTT (FSIVGTT) were conducted at the baseline and 6 wks. Results-Between group comparisons showed significant differences in serum triglyceride response (p = 0.0368), while the changes in disposition index (DI) also tended to differ (p = 0.0621). When within group changes (after vs. before intervention) were considered, fish oil and flaxseed oil lowered serum triglyceride (p = 0.0154 and p = 0.0176, respectively). Fish oil increased glucose at 120 min of OGTT (p = 0.0355); decreased Matsuda index (p= 0.0378); and tended to decrease early insulin response during IVGTT (AIRg; p = 0.0871). Soybean oil increased glucose at 30 min (p = 0.0030) and 60 min (p = 0.0121) and AUC for glucose (p = 0.0122) during OGTT; tended to decrease AIRg during IVGTT (p= 0.0848); reduced testosterone (p = 0.0216) and tended to reduce SHBG (p = 0.0858). Fasting glucose, insulin, adiponectin, leptin or hs-CRP did not change with any intervention. Conclusions-Long chain vs. essential n-3 PUFA rich oils have distinct metabolic and endocrine effects in PCOS, and therefore they should not be used interchangeably .
Nutrition Strategy and Life Style in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome—Narrative Review
Nutrients
Here we present an extensive narrative review of the broadly understood modifications to the lifestyles of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The PubMed database was analyzed, combining PCOS entries with causes, diseases, diet supplementation, lifestyle, physical activity, and use of herbs. The metabolic pathways leading to disturbances in lipid, carbohydrate, and hormonal metabolism in targeted patients are described. The article refers to sleep disorders, changes in mental health parameters, and causes of oxidative stress and inflammation. These conditions consistently lead to the occurrence of severe diseases in patients suffering from diabetes, the fatty degeneration of internal organs, infertility, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, dysbiosis, and cancer. The modification of lifestyles, diet patterns and proper selection of nutrients, pharmacological and natural supplementation in the form of herbs, and physical activity have been proposed. The progress and con...