Adoption of Small-Scale Irrigation and Its impact on Household’s Income in Dugda Districts, East Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia (original) (raw)
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Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics, 2018
Being the backbone of the Ethiopian economy, agricultural practice has been traditionally dominated for centuries by small-scale farmers. Even though small-scale irrigation is practiced in the study area, its impact on household income is not analyzed systematically for further policy action. This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of participation in small-scale irrigation on household income in Abay Chomen district. In this study, two-stage sampling technique was used to select 167 target respondents. The primary data were collected using an interview schedule and conducting of focus group discussions and key informant interview. Various documents, such as published journals, policy documents, were reviewed to collect secondary data. Propensity score matching method of impact evaluation has been employed. The Propensity Score Matching model result revealed that participation in small-scale irrigation had a significant effect on household income. Since participation in small-scale irrigation have significant effect in improving household income, the government, especially Irrigation Development Office of the district should attempt to hamper factors that hinder participation in smallscale irrigation and enhance factors that initiate participation to improve participation in small-scale irrigation and hence household income in the study area.
Adoption of Small-Scale Irrigation and Its Livelihood Impacts in Northern Ethiopia
Irrigation and Drainage, 2015
The potential of smallholder-irrigated agriculture to enhance food security and improve livelihoods has led the government of Ethiopia to invest significantly in irrigation establishment. This article aims to investigate the impact of small-scale irrigation on households' livelihood. To deal with the problems of purposive targeting and self-selection which are likely to occur for this type of intervention, we use a sophisticated econometric technique called 'propensity score matching' to study this impact. Our findings confirm the presence of a statistically significant difference in income, overall expenditure, asset accumulation and expenditures on agricultural inputs between the treated and control households. In contrast, no statistically significant differences in livestock resources, food consumption, and expenditure on education and health were found. Furthermore, the proportion of poor is respectively 20 and 30% for the treated and control households. So, overall it can be concluded that participation in the small-scale irrigation has robust and positive effect on most of the livelihood indices and that an expansion of irrigation schemes is a good strategy in the water-stressed and drought-prone areas of Ethiopia.
Even though small-scale irrigation (SSI) is a practical solution to address issues like poverty, food insecurity, and low farm production, its promise is often overlooked in Ethiopia. In the Demba Gofa District of southern Ethiopia, many rural households continued to rely primarily on rain-fed agriculture despite the possibility of irrigation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the adoption of SSI in Demba Gofa and its effect on farm income. A cross-sectional explanatory research design with a mixed-methods approach was employed on a total of 369 households selected through a multistage sampling procedure. An econometric data analysis using the propensity score matching model was employed to evaluate the effect of small-scale participation on households' farm income. The analysis revealed that the gender of the household head, cultivated land area, market accessibility, livestock ownership, and credit service accessibility positively affect irrigation adoption. Households' irrigation adoption was negatively and significantly associated with the age of the household head and the distance of the farm from the irrigation site. Furthermore, households that did not adopt small-scale irrigation schemes lost 4831.77 ETB in farm revenue compared to those that did. Thus, the study advises the government to support the establishment of adequate, long canals and government-guaranteed credit services for smallholder farmers in order to boost household income and, consequently, food security. Agricultural agents ought to conduct routine evaluations of the canals' operation and offer farmers training to enhance their skills in the sustainable use of irrigation systems.
Small scale irrigation is one of the most useful irrigation systems designed to increase production and productivity and reduces risk related with rainfall variability and increasing income of rural farm households indeed. In fact, planners, researchers, development practitioners, and donors emphasized the importance of small sale irrigation in their policy recommendations and actual measures. So, the main objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of small scale irrigation on the income of rural households in Bambasi Woreda. This paper used a cross-sectional household level survey data and multistage sampling was employed to select the four kebeles from Bambasi woreda and the information obtained from a total sample of 363 randomly selected households of these total sample households 117 households are treated group whereas, 246 households are control group. Secondary data were also collected from different sources. As part of the study, the data collected were analyzed through propensity score matching. Besides, the estimates of the propensity score matching of the probit model exhibits that gender, the linear and non-linear age, education, plot size, social position participation, extension service, access to credit and total livestock unit are the statistically significant variables which significantly affects the income of small scale irrigation. And the region of common support is found between 0.0017 and 0.999. Furthermore, the nearest neighbor, radius, kernel and stratification matching methods of the outcome variable income shows a statistically significant result with bootstrapped standard errors and the Average treatment effect for treated of the radius, kernel and nearest neighbor matching is 2166.83 birr where as the ATT of the stratification matching is 1917.55 birr per as compared to the control groups. Thus, the result of ATT shows a significant income difference. And the ratio of the average income per family size of the household head per year is 1870.71 birr.
2020
The study was conducted in Jeldu district on two peasant associations namely Metekoma and Laku. The objective of this study was to identify determinants of Small-scale irrigation use. A total of 118 farmers were randomly selected and interviewed by using semi structured questionnaire. A three-stage sampling technique was used to obtain a sample size of 118 rural farm households. Cross sectional data were collected through structured questionnaire, focus group discussion, key informants and observation. Household caloric acquisition was employed to measure household food security in the study area. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 20.0. Binary logistic regression model reveals that, out of eleven explanatory variables, age of household, educational level of household, Adult equivalent, cultivated land size, Oxen ownership of household, livestock ownership in TLU, and total farm income were found to be significant. Governmental and non-governmental should give attentio...
International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences, 2021
Small-scale irrigation is the feasible way by which agricultural production and productivity can be enhanced to meet the ever-growing food demand of populated countries like Ethiopia. This study was conducted to assess factors affecting farm households’ participation decision in small-scale irrigation using the primary data collected from 220 sample households from Walmara district, central Ethiopia. Both descriptive and econometric data analyses were conducted to analyze the collected data. The logistic regression result revealed that the sex of the household head, size of land owned, the occurrence of crop pests during the main season, family size, and access to credit services were the variables that positively and significantly affected household participation decision in small scale irrigation, while age of the household head, number of livestock owned and distance from irrigation site were the variables that negatively and significantly affected households’ participation decis...
Small-scale Irrigation Utilization by Farmers in Southern Ethiopia
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2022
The small-scale Irrigation Scheme is vital in assisting Ethiopia's sustainable agriculture development. Therefore, more small-scale irrigation schemes were developed in the country, including the Ella Small scale Irrigation Scheme, considering that irrigation is the apparent response to low agricultural productivity. This research aims to assess the current Irrigation scheme status of the farming households and investigate the factors affecting the farming households in utilizing the scheme. The selected sample size consists of both Irrigators and Non-irrigators farming households, including males and females. For the comparison, to identify the gender role and distribution of the resources equally at the Kebele level. The sample size was 100 household heads through a random sampling technique based on probability proportional to size. The researcher determined the sample size because of its representativeness at 10% of the total population. The data were both quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative data were collected by using a semi-structured interview schedule. In contrast, the qualitative data were collected using a checklist through Focus Group Discussion and Personal interviews with Key Informants. The PA was selected purposively by considering a smallscale irrigation scheme, relative accessibility, and a study area. The researcher knew well since it was one of the project areas for the researcher to work on. The secondary data was collected from different published and unpublished research works done by other researchers on similar or related topics and from stakeholders who directly or indirectly work on developing small-scale irrigation schemes and different records of the Government offices. Having collected data, it was analyzed in three statistical ways of data analysis; these were: Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage. In addition, inferential statistics were employed to measure the degree of significant association of independent (explanatory) variables with the dependent variable. Finally, the econometric model employed was the Binary Logit model to examine the utilization of Small-scale Irrigation by farming households and factors that affect households not effectively utilising the irrigation scheme under the study. The Binary Logit model results indicate the educational level of HHs, family size, landholding, livestock holding, frequency of extension contact, access to input supply, occupation of HHs and conflict over irrigation water utilization. Based on the above research findings that the following recommendations were suggested strengthening practical adult education, efficient utilization of labour of active family members, cultivation of high-value crops and vegetables that produces and harvests within a short duration, keeping their livestock from diseases and planting grasses for their forage along with the irrigated plot of the farm, frequent monitoring and evaluation of DAs at least twice a week, providing agricultural input at right cropping time, establishing agroindustries, strengthening Water Users Association and Conflict Resolution Committees.
Agricultural intensification is presumed to be a necessary pre-condition for the development of the agricultural sector in Ethiopia. To this end, various government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), among others, initiated small-scale irrigation schemes throughout the country including the Tigray region. Despite these efforts, however, smallholder farmers particularly in the study area are found to be reluctant to participate in small-scale irrigation schemes. This study therefore, assessed the factors that affect smallholder farmers’ participation in small-scale irrigation of the study area. A two-stage sampling procedure was used to first select peasant associations and then sample respondents. Descriptive statistics and binary probit estimation were used to estimate the determinants of small-scale irrigation participation. The analysis revealed that income, gender, access to market information and health condition of households were found to be important determinants for participating in small scale irrigation schemes. Hence, improving rural farm households’ access to market information and health services, are likely to improve participation in irrigation schemes thereby improving of small holder farmers income.
2016
Small scale irrigation is one of the most useful irrigation systems designed to increase production and productivity and reduces risk related with rainfall variability and increasing income of rural farm households indeed. In fact, planners, researchers, development practitioners, and donors emphasized the importance of small sale irrigation in their policy recommendations and actual measures. So, the main objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of small scale irrigation on the income of rural households in Bambasi Woreda. This paper used a cross-sectional household level survey data and multistage sampling was employed to select the four kebeles from Bambasi woreda and the information obtained from a total sample of 363 randomly selected households of these total sample households 117 households are treated group whereas, 246 households are control group. Secondary data were also collected from different sources. As part of the study, the data collected were analyzed t...
Small scale irrigation strategy is important to reduce risks associated with both rainfall variability, production of different crops three times within a year, increasing income of rural farm-households and also reduce the poverty status of farm households. The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of small scale irrigation use and its implication on poverty reduction Bedele zone of Gachi woreda at Gole Maya kebele in 2019/20 production year . The required data set for the study were gathered from primary and secondary data sources from 168 randomly selected sample households both from irrigation users and non-users (84 for each). Descriptive statistics, inferential statistics (chi square and independent t-test) and econometric model analysis was used to analyze quantitative data. The researcher was used binary logistic regression model to analyze the identified variables that had positive effect and negative effect on the use of irrigation water. Family labor, access to market, access to credit, extension service, trial of farm has positive effect on small scale irrigation use and While, sex, age was significant and negative effect on the use of small scale irrigation use. Thus, strengthening extension service provision for users and non users, provide credit service for farmers, making market access for users and facilitating options of irrigation for farmers are crucial on improving livelihood of the farmers in the study area.