Comparison of gingival crevicular fluid levels of IL-1b and IL-6 in subjects with gingivitis and stage III grade C periodontitis (original) (raw)
Related papers
Background: Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is an exudate that can be collected from the sulcus or periodontal pocket. It contains a variety of substances including immunoglobulin, microorganisms, toxins , cells, and lysosomal enzymes and markers Analysis of GCF is a non-invasive method to study the host response of the periodontium and inflamed tissues. It has been consider as a promising medium for an early indicator for early detection of inflammatory cytokines that play a major role in destruction of periodontal tissue. Subjects and methods: In the present study (52) males patients were enrolled with an age ranging from (30-55) years. The sample were divided into two main groups (26) healthy control and (26) patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). All were from attendants to department of Periodontics ,School of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani .All subjects were in good general health and had not received previous periodontal therapy or taken antibiotics ,or anti-inflammatory drugs in the three months before the study. Clinical Periodontal Parameters include Plaque index(PLI) ,Gingival Index(GI) , bleeding on Probing(BOP), probing Pocket depth(PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). The gingival crevicular fluid was collected from each subject by using paper point (size30)which was inserted into the gingival crevice and kept in place for30seconds.The fluid volume was determined by using Periotron (Harco6000,USA).The concentration of interleukin-1β and the Interleukin 6 (IL-6) in gingival crevicular fluid was quantified by-sensitivity enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) .The concentrations of interleukin-1β and the Interleukin6 (IL-6) in gingival crevicular fluid was measured in(pg/µl). Results: There were high significant difference between chronic periodontitis and control group in clinical parameters [Plaque index (PLI) ,Gingival Index(GI) , Bleeding on Probing(BOP%]), Pocket depth(PPD)] p-value (0.000). The concentration of interleukin-IL-1ß in GCF was higher in chronic periodontitis group (208.72±52.25) than control group (49.04±16.73). In addition, the concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in GCF was higher in chronic periodontitis group ((9.76±2.98 pg/µl) than control group(3.13 ±1.71).Moreover, in chronic periodontitis group the mean of probing pocket depth group (5.74±1.47) and the mean of clinical attachment loss (3.46±1.51). Conclusion: In GCF the concentration of interleukin-1β(IL-1 β)and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (pg/µl) were higher in chronic periodontitis group than in control group. They can be regard as diagnostic marker which give information about progression of periodontal disease. keywords: cytokine , of interleukin-IL-1β(IL-1ß) ,Interleukin-6 (IL6) , Gingival crevicular fluid ,Chronic Periodontitis
Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Plasma Acute-Phase Cytokine Levels in Different Periodontal Diseases
Journal of Periodontology, 2012
Background: The aim of the present study is to investigate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and plasma acute-phase cytokines, interleukin-1b (IL-1b), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-11 (IL-11), oncostatin M (OSM), and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) levels in patients with different periodontal diseases. Methods: Eighty individuals were included in this study; 20 with chronic periodontitis (CP), 20 with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP), 20 with gingivitis, and 20 classified as healthy (H). Probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, and papilla bleeding index were recorded. Plasma and GCF IL-1b, IL-6, IL-11, OSM, and LIF levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: CP and GAgP groups had significantly higher GCF IL-1b, IL-6, and IL-11 levels when compared with the H group (P <0.05). Conversely, GCF LIF levels of the CP and GAgP groups were lower than those of the H group (P <0.05). GCF OSM levels did not differ significantly among study groups. Plasma levels of all the cytokines studied were not significantly different among the study groups. Conclusions: Based on the present data, elevated IL-1b, IL-6, and IL-11 GCF levels, but not plasma levels, are suggested as reliable inflammatory biomarkers in periodontal diseases. Decreased LIF levels in diseased groups might reflect the possible beneficial effects of LIF in the modulation of inflammatory response in gingiva.
Folia Medica
Introduction: Bacterial challenge in periodontal diseases activates both local and systemic immune responses of a macroorganism by increasing multiple proinflammatory factors that can be discovered in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and in saliva. We tested the hypothesis that IL-1β concentration in GCF and saliva correlates with periodontal health and diseases. Materials and methods: The study included 62 people (mean age 36±14 yrs), divided into three groups – patients with periodontitis (24 people), patients with gingivitis (19 people) and periodontally healthy people (19 people). Saliva and GCF samples were taken from all participants and the levels of IL-1β in all samples were determined by ELISA. Results: IL-1β concentrations in GCF of healthy individuals were significantly lower than the IL-1β concentration in GCF of patients with gingivitis (p=0.009) and with periodontitis (p<0.0001). The IL-1β concentrations in the saliva of healthy individuals were significantly lower ...
Background:There is widediversityofbiochemical componentsofthehumansalivathismakesit suitabletobeusedasabiological fluidofdiagnosticvalue. Anychange of biochemicalsofthesalivacouldberelatedtoperiodontaldiseases.,,salivacanprovidedifferent advantages, includingeasycollectionandnon-invasivesamplingmethod when it usedasa diagnosticmaterial.Cytokinesarepivotaltothepathogenesisofperiodontaldiseaseandmaybeusedasmarkersin diagnosis.Proinflammatory cytokines aremediatorscloselyassociated with the pathogenesis of periodontitis.In saliva ofthe patientswith chronicperiodontitis,the levels ofseveral interleukins were increased.Numerous cytokines have been identified at sites of chronic inflammation such as periodontitis. One of these, is interleukin-6 (IL-6), whichis a major mediator of host response to infection and tissue injury. IL-6 plays a major role in B cell differentiationand alsopromotes T cell proliferation and bone resorption. Subjects and methods:Inthepresentstudyone hundred and one (101)males p a t i e n t s wereenrolledwithanagerangingfrom(35-55)years.Thesample weredividedinto three maingroups (30) healthycontrol patient,(30) patients with gingivitis,,and (41)patientshavechronicperiodontitis Allwere from attendantstoDepartmentofPeriodontics,School ofDentistry,UniversitySulaimani.Allsubjectswere in good general health and had not received previous periodontal therapy or taken antibiotics,oranti-inflammatorydrugsinthethree monthsbeforethestudy .The ClinicalPeriodontalParameters include Plaqueindex(PLI) ,GingivalIndex(GI) , BleedingonProbing(BOP), ProbingPocketDepth(PPD)and Clinical attachment level (CAL) .Saliva was collected for five minutes (5-10 ml) from each patient into asteriletube. Saliva was immediately centrifuged at 3500 rpm for ten minutes and stored at −20°C ,until analysis by Cobas E analyzer(Roche made in Germany) for detectionofInterleukin 6 (IL-6)). ConcentrationsoftheInterleukin 6 (IL-6) in s a l i v a measuredin(pg/µl.) Results:Theconcentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) (pg/µl) insalivawas higher in chronic periodontitis group (13.4pg/µl))thaningingivitis(7.5pg/µl) andincontrolgroup(5.27 pg/µl).There was high significant differences among concentration of IL-6(pg/µl) among the three groups P-value(0.000). The mean pocket depth in chronic periodontitis group (5.48. ±1.64) and the mean of clinical attachment loss (3.26 , ± 1.49). There were high significant difference between chronic periodontitis , gingivitis and control group in clinical parameters [Plaqueindex(PLI) ,GingivalIndex(GI) , BleedingonProbing(BOP), ProbingPocketdepth(PPD)] p-value (0.000) Conclusion:Theconcentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) (pg/µl) insalivawashigherin chronicperiodontitisgroupthaningingivitisgroupandincontrolgroupand IL-6canberegardasdiagnostic markerwhichgiveinformationabout progression ofperiodontaldisease.
Journal of Periodontology, 1999
The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) have been reported to be higher in sites with periodontitis than in healthy controls. This may be the result of a more severe inflammation and/or constitutional differences in IL-1β production. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that the level of IL-1β in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is a characteristic trait of periodontitis, regardless of the degree of tissue destruction. As a secondary aim, we investigated the correlation between IL-1β and neutrophil elastase. An untreated population was used.
Journal of Periodontal Research, 2011
Results: Multiple comparisons analysis showed that clinical attachment loss, bleeding on probing, percentage of plaque and volume of gingival crevicular fluid were similar across the groups. The concentration of IL-4 in the gingival crevicular fluid differed significantly between groups in shallow sites (p = 0.046), with higher values found for the controls. In serum, the concentration of IL-18 was also significantly different between groups, with lower values found for controls (p = 0.018). Conclusion: This study showed a higher concentration of IL-18 in serum, but not in the gingival crevicular fluid, from periodontitis patients with CrohnÕs disease or ulcerative colitis compared with controls. The expression of cytokines was similar in the gingival crevicular fluid from patients with untreated chronic periodontitis
Background and aims. It has been reported that Type I hypersensitivity plays an important role in periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible correlation between interleukin-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α as immunologic mediators and gingival clinical parameters in chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Materials and methods. Clinical parameters including clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD) and bleeding index of 11 patients with moderate-to-advanced periodontitis were recorded; gingival tissue specimens from 12 chronic and 14 aggressive active sites, harvested from interproximal areas during their routine periodontal surgeries, were cultured with Fetal Calf Serum + RPMI + Amphotericin + Gentamicin in 96-well plates for 72 hours. The cytokines present in the culture media were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ElISA) in each case and the results were statistically analyzed by ANCOVA, Pearson's and Spearman's rho. Results. Mean values of CAL, PD, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were 6.8±1.3 mm, 6.5±1.2 mm, 111.23±143.4, 10.1±16.9 and 5.2±0.2, respectively. There were no significant differences between the three cytokine concentrations in aggressive and chronic periodontitis. There were no correlations between cytokine concentrations and clinical parameters. There were direct statistical correlations between IL-6 and TNF-α in both periodontitis types (p<0.05) and direct statistical correlations between IL-1β and TNF-α only in chronic periodontitis (p<0.05). Conclusion. Regarding irritation due to bacterial products in both types of periodontitis and synergy among them, especially the correlation between TNF-α and both IL-1β and IL-6, TNF-α seems to play a more important role; however, further studies are strongly recommended.
Journal of oral science, 2015
Inflammatory cytokines may have important roles in periodontitis. We assessed the effects of initial periodontal therapy on clinical periodontal parameters and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) level in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from chronic periodontitis (CP) patients. After initial screening, baseline periodontal parameters such as probing pocket depth (PPD) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were measured. GCF samples were collected from 13 shallow (≤3 mm) and deep (≥5 mm) PPD sites from 13 CP patients, and GCF volume and IL-1β concentration were determined at baseline (before scaling and root planning) and at 2 and 4 months after initial therapy. Baseline BOP rate, GCF volume, and IL-1β level were significantly higher at deep PPD sites than at shallow PPD sites. Significant improvements in PPD and BOP were observed at 2 and 4 months after periodontal initial therapy in deep PPD sites only. In contrast, GCF volume and IL-1β concentration were lower at 2 and 4 months after initial therapy a...
Cytokine, 1996
Interaction of bacterial products and antigens from several putative periodontal pathogens with inflammatory cells has been reported to result in the release of cytokines such as interleukin 1, 1-3 a key mediator of various immunological and inflammatory phenomena. 4 In humans, IL-1 has been shown to exist in two distinct forms, IL-1α and IL-1β, which were encoded by separate genes. IL-1β is found to be somewhat more active than IL-1α. 5-7 A wide range of both in vitro and in vivo activity of IL-1 has been reported, including induction of PGE 2 and collagenase synthesis by cultured fibroblasts, 8-12 and increased production of IL-2 by T-lymphocyte and interferon. 13 Moreover, IL-1 is one of the factors known to stimulate bone resorption and secretion of proteinases and may be involved in the attachment loss and bone resorption which are characteristic features of periodontitis. 14-20 All of these IL-1β-dependent mechanisms may contribute to the inflammation and destruction of the bone and soft connective tissue in periodontal disease. 12,21-23 Recent clinical studies have illustrated that the amount of IL-1β is much higher in the periodontitis pockets or in the underlying inflamed gingival tissue than in healthy sites, and IL-1β is markedly reduced following treatment. 22,24-26 The presence of cytokines may be detected earlier than the appearance of acute symptoms of periodontal disease. 27,28 Measurement of IL-1β in GCF or tissue of periodontitis patients has been suggested as an important aid to monitor the severity of disease.
Journal of Periodontology, 2009
Localized juvenile Periodontitis (LJP) is an early-onset periodontal disease characterized by progressive bone loss involving the permanent first molar and incisor teeth. Approximately 70% to 75% of LJP patients have impaired neutrophil Chemotaxis towards a number of chemoattractants including N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, complement fragment C5a, leukotriene , and interleukin 8 (IL-8). The aim of the present study was to observe the role of IL-8 in the pathogenesis of LJP. Fourteen individuals who were systemically and periodontally healthy and 24 systemically healthy individuals diagnosed with LJP (based on the results of clinical periodontal assessments and radiographie examination) were recruited for this study. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were obtained from anterior teeth in each subject before treatment. After evaluation of GCF amount from paper strips, enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay was employed to determine the amount of IL-8 in GCF. The amount and concentration of IL-8 measured was 894.5 ± 435 pg, and 445.3 ± 468 pg/µ for the experimental group and 747.3 ± 543 pg and 684.7 ± 548 pg/µ , for the control group. The correlation among the levels of cytokine and clinical parameters was assessed. It was observed that the concentration of IL-8 demonstrated a negative correlation with gingival index in the LJP group. In addition, no significant correlation was found among the total amount and concentration of IL-8, GCF volume, and clinical parameters in the control group. IL-8 is thought to enhance host defense mechanisms against Gram-negative bacteria, thus providing protection against periodontal infections. Our data demonstrate that, when both the total amount and concentration of IL-8 are taken into consideration, no significant difference between LJP and healthy subjects is shown. This may indicate a less active IL-8 production compared with healthy subjects in spite of the dense Gram bacterial stimulation in LJP.