Effects of Two Community-Based Exercise Programs on Adherence, Cardiometabolic Markers, and Body Composition in Older People with Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study (original) (raw)
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BMC Public Health
Background: Physical activity is a major, modifiable, risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) that contributes to the prevention and management of CVD. The aim of this study was to assess the short-and medium-term effectiveness of 9 months of a supervised physical activity program, including sociocultural activities, on CVD risk in adults. Methods: Multicentered, randomized, controlled community intervention involving 364 patients in four primary care centers. The participants were randomly assigned to a Control Group (CG = 104) or Intervention Group (IG = 260); mean age 65.19 years; 76.8% women. The intervention consisted of 120 min/week walking (396 METs/ min/week) and sociocultural gathering once a month. Clinical history, physical activity, dietary intake, CVD risk factors (smoking, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, weight, waist circumference, BMI, total cholesterol, LDL-and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, glycosylated hemoglobin and glucose) and global CVD risk were assessed at baseline and at the end of the intervention and multivariate models were applied to the data. Incidence of adverse cardiovascular events and continued adherence to the physical activity were assessed 2 years after intervention. Results: At the end of the intervention period, in the IG relative to the CG group, there was a significant increase in physical activity (774.81 METs/min/week), a significant change during the intervention period in systolic blood pressure (−6.63 mmHg), total cholesterol (−10.12 mg/dL) and LDL-cholesterol (−9.05 mg/dL) even after adjustment for potential confounders. At 2 years after the intervention, in the IG, compared with the CG, tthe incidence of adverse cardiovascular events was significantly lower (2.5% vs. 10.5%) and the adherence to regular physical activity was higher (72.8% vs 27.2%) in IG compared to CG. Conclusions: This community-based physical activity program improved cardiovascular health in the short-as well as medium-term, and promoted regular physical activity in the medium-term in older Spanish adults.
Journal of Personalized Medicine
We compared the effect of two community-based physical activity (PA) programs on health-related quality of life (HRQL) and physical condition in people with cardiovascular risk factors. Fifty-one subjects participated in the “ACTIVA Murcia” AM3 program characterized by non-individualized training loads for 3 months, and forty-two participated in the AM6 program characterized by individualized progressive training loads for 6 months. Both programs included a 6-month follow-up period without PA. HRQL was assessed with the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) and physical condition by VO2 max, strength, flexibility, and balance. Participants in the AM6 program as compared with those in the AM3 program showed significantly higher scores in the subscales of physical functioning, mental health, energy/vitality, and general health. Mental health and general health at 6 months of follow-up were also scored significantly higher by AM6 participants. VO2 max and flexibility improved more in the...
International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science
Background: The advancement of technology and medical science has prolonged the longevity of humans, compelling each individual to deal with old age. New health issues are cropping up, especially since lifestyle has become sedentary. Regular physical exercises are the only option for healthy aging. Purpose: The study observed the effect of 10 weeks planned community-based multicomponent exercise program (CBMCEP) on selected physiological variables of elderly women in the Indian sub-urban area. Methodology: A quasi-experimental investigation was carried out in 2019 with 30 sedentary women volunteer of 55-65 years from the middle socio-economic class who were purposively assigned into experimental group (n=15) and control group (n=15). The experimental group was given 10 weeks- 4 days/week of CBMCEP in a progressive manner that included brisk walking, resistance exercise, balance, flexibility exercise and recreational activities of 80-90 minutes duration. The control group was not exp...
PLOS ONE, 2021
A key challenge in lifestyle interventions is long-term maintenance of favorable lifestyle changes. Middle-aged and older adults are important target groups. The purpose of this analysis was to investigate changes in adiposity, physical activity, cardiometabolic risk factors, diet, physical capacity, and well-being, in inactive middle-aged and older women and men with obesity and elevated cardiovascular disease risk, participating in an interdisciplinary single-arm complex lifestyle intervention pilot study. Participants were recruited from the population-based Tromsø Study 2015–2016 with inclusion criteria age 55–74 years, body mass index (BMI) ≥30kg/m2, sedentary lifestyle, no prior myocardial infarction and elevated cardiovascular risk. Participants (11 men and 5 women aged 57–74 years) underwent a 6-month intervention of two 1-hour group-sessions per week with instructor-led gradually intensified exercise (endurance and strength), one individual and three 2-hour group counsellin...
Predictors of Long-term Exercise Adherence in a Community-Based Sample of Older Women
Journal of Women's Health, 2009
Background: Few studies have examined long-term exercise adherence in older women. The purpose of this study was to assess predictors of adherence to an intervention involving walking and balance exercises. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial with 2-year follow-up. Sedentary women (n ¼ 137) aged !70 randomized to the exercise intervention were evaluated in their homes. The exercise prescription included walking 30 minutes per day 5 days per week and completing 11 balance exercises twice per week. The main outcome measure was exercise adherence of the intervention group only. Results: The average number of minutes walked per week was 95.2 (SD 68.8); 17% walked the recommended 150 minutes or greater. The average number of times the balance exercises were done was 1.5 (SD 1.6) per week. Results of regression analysis for walking adherence showed clinical variables accounted for the greatest variance (17%) of all the blocks, and cognitive variables were second highest (12%). The final model explained 19% of the variance in predicting adherence to walking. Results of regression analysis for adherence to balance exercises showed health-related quality of life (HRQOL) variables accounted for the greatest variance (14%), followed by cognitive variables (12%). The final model explained 24% of the variance in predicting adherence to balance exercises. Conclusions: Adherence to exercise was below recommended goals, although this study demonstrated that sedentary women can adopt and continue regular exercise long term. Predictors of adherence varied with different forms of exercise. Individually tailored exercise interventions may be most amenable to older women.
Adherence to an adapted physical activity program in sedentary adults
Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 2020
Background/Objective. Physical exercise plays a key role in the prevention and prognosis of chronic diseases. Despite this evidence, a low percentage of patients regularly perform physical activity. A better understanding of the variables associated with poor adherence may help to develop some strategies to encourage people to participate in exercise interventions. This study investigated the factors influencing adherence to an Adapted Physical Activity (APA) program in subjects suffering from Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) clinically stable, Type 2 diabetes, or metabolic syndrome. Secondary end point was to test the efficacy of the exercise training on fitness parameters (VO2, Speed and Time) by 1 km test. Methods. The program was planned in two phases. Phase 1: individual and supervised training free program for 4 weeks; Phase 2: paid training supervised program involved small groups of 4-6 participants for 8 weeks. Results. 117 patients (50-64 years, 49 men and 68 women) started the APA program, but only 32 patients (17 men and 15 women) completed phase 2. As collected during telephone interviews, the main factors that influenced adherence including health status, work commitments or family problems. Regarding the physical efficacy, an improvement of the three fitness parameters was observed in the 32 patients who completed the 12 weeks of the APA program. Conclusions. The identification of factors that can influence adherence to exercise programs is the first step in planning and improving health interventions. These parameters have an important public health interest.
Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2011
Background:Most ischemic heart disease (IHD) prevention programs that promote physical activity (PA) have focused on overweight/obese populations. Persons with normal body mass index (BMI) may mistakenly think that they are not at risk for IHD and remain physically inactive. Studies exploring the risk of IHD and PA level among adults aged 45 years and older with normal weight are limited.Methods:Cross-sectional study to examine the prevalence of IHD and PA level among 94455 respondents aged 45 years and older with normal BMI using the 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data.Results:Approximately 50% of respondents reported low/inactive PA. The prevalence of IHD among persons with inactive, low, medium, and high PA was 16.6% (95% CI = 15.1−18.1%), 9.6% (8.9−10.3%), 8.9% (8.3−9.6%), and 5.4% (4.9−5.9%). The adjusted odds ratios of IHD among persons with low, medium, and high PA compared with those with inactive PA was 0.68 (95% CI = 0.59−0.79), 0.63 (0.54−0.73), and 0.49 ...