Semi-product, Waste, Tool… Are We Sure? Functional Aspect of Stone Age Morphological Flint Tools (original) (raw)
Related papers
Flint tools from the Stone Age in the Chełmno Land. Traseological study - summary
Narzędzia krzemienne w epoce kamie-nia na ziemi chełmińskiej. Studium traseologiczne, 2010
This is an English summary of the book under the title Narzędzia krzemienne w epoce kamienia na ziemi chełmińskiej. Studium traseologiczne which was published in 2010 by UMK University Press Toruń Grzegorz Osipowicz, Flint tools from the Stone Age in the Chełmno Land. Traseological study The study presented below can be inscribed into traseological research stream of flint inventory originating from the Stone Age. Its main purpose is multi-faceted functional analysis of products obtained in 31 archaeological sites, majority of which (29) are located in the area of Pojezierze Chełmińsko-Dobrzyńskiego (Chełmno-Dobrzyń Lake District), the territory of historic Chełmno Land, two of them are situated in the West of the Vistula River within Toruń-Eberswalde ancient River Bed and in the Lower Vistula Valley, (fig. 14). Chronological range of his paper is closed in the period between late Dryas and the Atlantic period and refers to three stages of human prehistory: the Late Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Early and Middle Neolithic eras. The described Late Paleolithic sites are connected with Swiderian culture, Mesolithic ones belong to various cultures (Sąsieczno, site 4, Toruń, site 247 -Komornickie collections; Lubicz sites 12, 13, 18so called Chojnicko-Pieńkowskie collections). Remarks concerning Neolithic era and its connections with earlier periods are based on flint material described by Jolanta Małecka-Kukawka (2001). Collections of two cultures' siteslinear pottery and funnel beaker -were taken into account. The paper consists of five chapters. First characterizes trasological method, secondpresents the results of archaeological experiments carried out. It also contains brief characteristics of usage traces registered on particular types of tools. Chapter three is a catalogue of archaeological sources describing flint material subjected to analysis reflecting its origin, chronology and cultural adherence. Last two chapters are of analytic character, first is devoted to principal problems resulting directly from microscope analysis of prehistoric tools, i.e. ways of manufacturing them and the rules of implementing flint tools as well as techniques of raw material processing in various cultures and chronological periods. Part of chapter 5 (5.1.-5.4.) touches technological and typological problems, puts questions concerning methods of flint material usage, morphological features common and separate for those tools and the modes of using various flint forms. Subsection 5.5. refers to analysis of sites' functional profile, variety
Journal of Lithic Studies, 2014
Baltic erratic flint is one of the most important stone raw materials used in the area of the Polish lowlands. Since its first description published in 1920 by Stefan Krukowski, generations of researchers continue to investigate the topic through studies on the characteristics of this raw material as well as processing successive collections of artefacts made of this flint. In this paper special attention is drawn to production strategy based on this type of raw material typical for Mesolithic inventories. It involves the use of natural flint chunks resulting from shattering of frost weathered concretions. With respect to the materials recovered from the 7 in Dobryń Mały site, it is reflected mainly in the production of core tools. However, to a much lesser extent, it is also present in the process of raw material selection for the production of blade and flake blanks.
Use-wear analyses of the flint tools from Geleen-Janskamperveld
2007
Use-wear analyses of the flint tools from Geleen-Janskamperveld A selection of the flint implements from Geleen Janskamperveld was subjected to a functional analysis. The most frequently encountered contact material was hide, similar to what has been demonstrated in other LBK contexts. Quite a large number of cereal harvesting implements were seen as well. Several tools displayed 'polish 23' and 'polish 10', two common but as yet unexplained types of wear traces. Flint was also used for craft activities like wood working and working mineral materials. Traces from contact with bone and antler were virtually absent. Flint tools were therefore employed in both subsistence and craft activities.
USE-WEAR ANALYSIS OF FLINT ARTEFACTS FROM THE BARROWS OF THE CORDED WARE CULTURE IN ULÓW
A b s t r a c t. As part of the interdisciplinary research conducted in the settlement microregion in the area of Ulów in central Roztocze (southeast Poland), a complex of late Neolithic Corded Ware Culture barrows was discovered. Apart from numerous ceramic items, grave inventories included flint artefacts, some of which underwent use-wear analysis in order to identify their potential function, and production techniques. This paper presents detailed results of use-wear analysis of arrowheads, blade and flake specimens, and axes discovered in four barrows located at sites 3 and 4 in Ulów.
Archaeometric study of some functional tools from the Sąspów and Wierzbica ‘Zele’ flint mines sites
Archaeologia Polona, 2016
In the present work, an archaeometric approach was used to investigate sample of the functional tools collected from the Sąspów, Cracow district, and Wierzbica ‘Zele’, Radom district, flint mines sites. The investigated collection was completed on four non-use-worn specimens. The presence of areas enriched in iron (Fe) compounds has been noticed on the surfaces of all the specimens. They were analyzed by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with an energy dispersive X-ray analysis system (EDS). Data sets were statistically evaluated using similarity analysis (DA, CA, MDS). The results indicated the variables that best discriminate the investigated flint artifacts collection in terms of either anthropoghenic or non-anthropoghenic nature of the residues preserved on their surfaces.
Sprawozdania Archeologiczne, 2020
Wąs M., Domańska L., Rzepecki S. 2020. Middle Palaeolithic flint artefacts from Central Poland. Case study of the site of Polesie 1, Łowicz county, Łódź voivodship. Sprawozdania Archeologiczne 72/2, 101-131. This paper deals with the presentation of flint artefacts of Middle Palaeolithic provenience discovered during the excavations at the site of Polesie 1 in the central part of Central Poland. An in-depth analysis of its morphology, taphonomy and readable technological features helped uncover some elements of the products of the Micoquian tradition. This article discusses these extraordinary findings in the context of their importance as the northern-most such finds on the map of Middle Palaeolithic sites in Poland. Selected elements of research on paleoenvi-ronmental conditions of the studied area are also presented as key points in the discussion on the possibilities of researching the Neanderthal settlement ecumene within the Polish Lowland.