Evaluation of Different Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Protocols on the Removal of Dentinal Debris from Artificial Grooves (original) (raw)
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International Endodontic Journal, 2005
van der Sluis LWM, Wu M-K, Wesselink PR. The efficacy of ultrasonic irrigation to remove artificially placed dentine debris from human root canals prepared using instruments of varying taper. International Endodontic Journal, 38, 764-768, 2005. Aim To investigate the influence of the taper of root canals on the effectiveness of ultrasonic irrigation to remove artificially placed dentine debris. Method Forty-four maxillary and mandibular canines were selected after bucco-lingual and mesiodistal radiographs indicated that their internal diameters were smaller than the diameters of a size 20, .06 taper System GT instrument (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). These canines were divided into three groups and prepared using either size 20, .06 taper System GT instruments, size 20, .08 taper or size 20, .10 taper System GT instruments. Each root was then split longitudinally through the canal, forming two halves. In one canal wall, a standard groove was cut 2-6 mm from the apex, to simulate uninstrumented canal extensions. Each groove was filled with dentine debris mixed with 2% NaOCl to simulate a situation when dentine debris accumulates in the uninstrumented canal extensions. Each canal was reassembled by joining the two halves of the teeth by means of wires and sticky wax. In each canal ultrasonic irrigation was performed with a size 15 K file using 2% NaOCl as an irrigant. Before and after irrigation, images of each half of the canal with a groove were taken using a microscope and a digital camera, after which they were scanned into a PC as TIFF images. The quantity of dentine debris in the groove was evaluated using a scoring system: the higher the score, the larger the amount of debris. The scores before and after irrigation were compared. The differences in percentage of score reduction between the three groups were analysed by means of one-way anova. Results After ultrasonic irrigation, the debris score reduced by 74, 81 and 93%, respectively, in the size 20, .06, 20, .08 and 20, .10 taper groups. However, the difference amongst groups was not statistically significant (P ¼ 0.078). Conclusion There was a tendency that ultrasonic irrigation was more effective in removing artificially placed dentine debris from simulated canal extensions from canals with greater tapers.
Australian Endodontic Journal, 2006
The cleaning capacity of rotary Ni-Ti instrumentation using Profile GT files, coupled with irrigation energised by ultrasound, was evaluated. Thirty-six human mandibular incisors were instrumented in vitro using the crown-down technique with the Profile GT system to 1 mm from the anatomical apex to a size 30.04 taper file. The instrumented teeth were then divided randomly into four groups where various final irrigations were used: Group I: 100 ml of 1% NaOCl with a Luer-Lok syringe (control group); Group II, Group III and Group IV: final irrigation with 100 ml of 1% NaOCl energised by ultrasound for 1, 3 and 5 min, respectively. After biomechanical preparation, the apical thirds of the roots were submitted to histological processing and examination. The specimens were analysed at 40× magnification and the images submitted to morphometric analysis with an integration grid. ANOVA showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.01) between the irrigation techniques. Group I (Luer-Lok syringe) showed the highest percentage of debris (35.81 ± 4.49) and was statistically different from the other groups energised by ultrasound: Group II (27.28 ± 4.49), Group III (24.39 ± 5.72) and Group IV (18.46 ± 5.25). It was concluded that rotary instrumentation using Ni-Ti files associated with final irrigation of 1% NaOCl energised by ultrasound leads to better debris removal from the apical third of mesio-distally flattened root canal.
Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo, 2008
INTRODUCTION The basic work principle of all ultrasonic techniques is the piezoelectric effect of producing high frequency ultrasounds of small length, which are transmitted over the endodontic extensions or canal instruments into the root canal. When in contact with the tissue, ultrasonic vibrations are converted into mechanical oscillations. Ultrasonic waves and the obtained oscillations along with the synergic effect of irrigation bring about the elimination of smear layer from the root canal walls. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to ultrastucturally examine the effect of smear layer removal from the walls of canals by the application of the active ultrasonic method without irrigation, that is by the application of ultrasound and irrigation using distilled water and 2.5% NaOCl. METHOD The investigation comprised 35 single-canal, extracted human teeth. After removal of the root canal content, experimental samples were divided into three groups. According to the procedure requir...
2014
Objective: To compare the ability to eliminate debris and open dentinal tubules of different ultrasound irrigation procedures. Study Design: Forty extracted single-rooted human teeth were instrumented with mechanical rotatory instrumentation, and divided into four groups: (n=10) according to the final irrigation technique: group A (control), 2.5% NaOCl irrigation with the Miraject needle and no ultrasonic agitation; group B, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) with 2.5% NaOCl and Irrisafe 20 tips; group C, PUI with 2.5% NaOCl and Irrisafe 25 tips; group D, PUI with 2.5% NaOCl and K 25 tips. The amount of debris and the number of opened dentinal tubules was established by scanning electronic microscope. Data were compared using the Kruskal Wallis test. Results: Irrisafe tips (groups B and C) opened up more dentinal tubules and eliminated more debris than conventional irrigation (p<0.05) in the apical third. The middle third shows no significant differences between groups. Irrisafe 25 was more effective than conventional irrigation and K tips (p<0.05) in the coronal third. Conclusions: Ultrasonic activation of the irrigation with Irrisafe tips was the most effective procedure for eliminating the debris and opening up dentinal tubules, especially in the apical third.
Comparative study on the effect of ultrasonic instruments on the root surface in vivo
Clinical Oral Investigations, 2008
The present study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of different ultrasonic instruments on the root surface. Fourteen patients with 35 single root teeth designated for extraction were recruited to the present study. Teeth were assigned to four experimental groups: group 1, piezoelectric ultrasonic device; group 2, magnetostrictive ultrasonic device; group 3, hand instrumentation; and group 4, untreated teeth (control). After instrumentation, the teeth were extracted and the presence of residual deposits (roughness and root surfaces characteristics) were analyzed. The results showed that residual deposits were similar in all tested groups: piezoelectric, 8.7%; magnetostrictive, 9.7%; hand instrumentation, 11.1% and control, 76.4%. There were statistically significant differences between control and all the experimental groups (p < 0.0001). With respect to roughness parameters evaluation, Ra and Rz of the roots treated with the different instruments showed a similar pattern (p > 0.05), but for Rt and Ry, a significant difference was observed (p < 0.05) among hand instrumentation and ultrasonic devices. SEM analysis revealed a similar root surface pattern for the ultrasonic devices, but curettes showed many instrumental scratches, deep gouges, and a relatively large amount of dentin was removed. Within the limits of the study, although the instruments produced similar results, root surfaces instrumentated with curettes were rougher and had more root surface tissue removed than with the ultrasonic device.
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP, 2016
Introduction The aim of endodontic retreatment is to remove the previous root filling materials completely to allow for the subsequent steps of cleaning, canal shaping and filling replacement. Objective To evaluate the efficacy of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) in the removal of residual root filling material after removing the bulk of the root filling with nickel-titanium rotary instruments. Material and method Eighteen mesial isthmus-containing roots of human mandibular molars were prepared and filled. The root canal filling was removed with the ProTaper Retreatment system and K-files. The specimens were randomized into 2 groups (n = 9), both irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA. In the conventional group, an irrigation syringe was used. In the PUI group, the PUI technique was used. The roots were sectioned longitudinally and evaluated under stereomicroscopy. Student’s t test was used to compare groups and the general linear model was used to compare the apical, cervical, a...
The International journal of artificial organs, 2015
The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of different final irrigation techniques to remove artificially placed dentinal debris from a simulated internal root resorption (IRR) cavity. Seventy teeth were prepared using the ProTaper system. The roots were then split longitudinally into two halves, in each of which standardized IRR cavities were prepared. Five teeth were set aside to serve as negative control group. Each cavity of the remaining 65 teeth was filled with dentin debris mixed with 2.5% NaOCl. Another 5 teeth (positive control) were not subjected to the debris removal procedure. Sixty teeth were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 15), according to the final irrigation technique used: conventional syringe irrigation (CSI), the Self-Adjusting File (SAF), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and the EndoActivator (EA). Ten milliliters of 2.5% NaOCl was used during the debris removal procedure. The root halves were disassembled, and the amount of rem...
International journal of odontostomatology, 2016
This study evaluated the cleanliness of post space after different irrigation protocols, associated or not to the use of ultrasound. Thirty-six single-rooted bovine roots were instrumented with rotary system, irrigated with 1 % hypochlorite and filled with Ah Plus sealer and gutta-percha cones. After seven days in stove at 37 °C, two-thirds of canal filling was removed by drilling and the post space preparation was irrigated with 2.5 % NaOCl (group NaOCl); 0.2 % chlorhexidine (group CLX); distilled water (group Water); 2.5 % NaOCl + ultrasound (group NaOCl-US); 0.2 % chlorhexidine + US (Group CLX-US); or water + US (Group Water-US). Roots were cleaved in mesiodistal direction, prepared for scanning electron microscope (SEM) to evaluate the smear layer and debris presence and for energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses, to evaluate chemical components of dentin after treatment. The data were subjected to statistical analysis (twoway Anova and Tukey's test 5 %). EDS analysis showed the presence of chemical components of filling material in the samples from all groups. SEM images showed large amount of obliterated dentinal tubules. The use of ultrasound influenced the removal of some components of filling material (p<0.05), but not allowed for total cleaning. It was concluded that none of the irrigating solutions, associated or not to the use of ultrasound were able to completely clean the post space.
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, 2008
Aim The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the cleaning capacity of different auxiliary chemical substances energized with ultrasound in radicular dentin using morphologic analysis. Methods and Materials Twenty-eight single-canal, mandibular incisors were prepared with the Hero 642 canal preparation system following the sequence: 25/12, 30/06, 35/02, and 40/02, 1 mm from the apex. The specimens were then divided into four groups of seven teeth. During biomechanical preparation the teeth were irrigated with 2 ml of distilled water between files. Each group of specimens (n=7) received a final irrigation with 100 ml of the following irrigants that were activated with ultrasound for 3 minutes: Group 1- distilled water; Group 2- 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX); Group 3- 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); and Group 4-the filtrate obtained after combining 0.2% CHX and 2.5% NaOCl. The apical portions of the root canals from each group were then submitted to histological processi...
Effect of passive ultrasonic irrigation on apical extrusion of irrigating solution
European journal of dentistry, 2008
To determine the influence of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on apical extrusion of irrigating solution. Twenty freshly extracted maxillary and mandibular incisors with single straight root canals were instrumented with ProTaper rotary files. During final irrigation, the root canals were filled with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution and PUI was performed with a piezoelectronic unit. A stainless steel instrument (size 15) was inserted into the root canal and the irrigant was ultrasonically activated for one minute. This sequence was repeated three times, resulting in a total PUI time of three minutes. The volume of extruded irrigant was measured by Pipetman pipettes. The data were statistically analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test. The mean volume of apical extruded irrigant was 2.15 muL for the PUI group and 14 muL for the control group. The experimental group extruded significantly smaller amounts of irrigant than the control group (P<.05). The PUI procedure as a f...