Dental Disease and Periodontitis in a Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) (original) (raw)
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A Retrospective Study on Periodontal Diseases in Companion Animals
Zagazig Veterinary Journal
The present study was conducted on 320 pet animals including 100 dogs, and 220 cats admitted to the clinic of the Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University. A thorough oral and dental examination was performed for all animals. Radiographic imaging was conducted on animals that showed clinically progressive periodontitis and bony changes. Animals were classified into five scores according to their clinical dental examination and pocket depth. Animals with a score of 0, had healthy gingival tissue with normal pocket depth, a score (1) of those managed by dental scaling, and scores (2 and 3) of those treated by dental scaling and then non-surgical debridement. Open flap surgery was performed for more advanced cases; scores (4 and 5). Data were statistically analyzed using Chi-square and cramers v tests to investigate the relationship between age, diet, and sex to periodontal affection. Among the total number of admitted animals (N=320), 40.6 % (130 cases) showed periodontal diseases, 8.8% (28 cases) dogs and 31.9% (102 cases) cats. Affected males (24.4%) were higher than females (16.3%). Among the 130 animals with periodontal diseases, 142 affections were recorded. Age and diet showed high statistical significance (P<0.001). Sex showed to be statistically insignificant, (P>0.05). The cramers v test results for age and periodontal disease association showed a value of (0.490) and strong association between age and periodontal diseases.
Objective interpretation of dental disease in rabbits, guinea pigs and chinchillas
Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere / Heimtiere, 2009
Summary Objective: Objective interpretation of dental disease in rabbits, guinea pigs and chinchillas with the use of anatomical reference lines. Material and methods: Skull radiographs (laterolateral and dorsoventral view) of 528 small mammals (204 rabbits, 151 guinea pigs and 173 chinchillas) were measured and analysed exactly in connection with a thorough intra- and extraoral clinical examination. 464 animals showed variable signs of malocclusion whereas 64 animals had a normocclusion. The clinical and radiographic changes of 224 individuals (52 rabbits, 41 guinea pigs and 131 chinchillas) were additionally compared with post mortem findings. Results: Particularly the comparison of the prepared skulls with the radiographs of the identical animals enabled the acquirement of species specific anatomical reference lines, that facilitate the objectice assessment of severity of dental disease in elodont species. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Using these reference lines the extent ...
Anatomy and Disorders of the Oral Cavity of Guinea Pigs
Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice, 2016
Acquired dental disease represents the most common oral disorder of guinea pigs, as in other small mammals with continuously growing teeth, such as the rabbit, chinchilla, and other cavy-like rodents. Several anatomic features characteristic of this species, such as curved cheek teeth and an associated oblique occlusal plane, make diagnosis and treatment more challenging than in rabbits. Most patients are presented with nonspecific clinical signs and symptoms, such as reduced activity, weight loss, reduced food intake, and difficult chewing and/or swallowing. The physical examination must be followed by radiologic diagnosis with standard radiography and/or computed tomography (CT), and thorough inspection under general anesthesia. Several complications may follow early and intermediate stages of malocclusion, The author has nothing to disclose.
Clinical and Microbiological Aspects in Dog Periodontal Disease
Agricultura, 2017
The purpose of this study is the identification of microflora present in the dog oral pathology, establishing connections between it and the clinical manifestations, and to make a correlation between clinical and microbiological aspects and the stages of periodontal disease. During this research 14 cases were diagnosed with periodontal disease: stage I on 3 patients (age of 3 years), stage II on 3 patients (age of 7, 6 years), stage III on 5 patients (age of 7 years) and stage IV on 2 patients (age of 10 years). In the initial stages (I, II) of periodontal disease we found gram positive bacillus arranged in a filament shape and in stages III and IV we encountered the growth of oral cocobacilli G-. The most effective antibiotics in our study is different depending of the stage of periodontal disease and was represented by Amoxiclav and Enroxil for stages I, III and IV, Amoxiclav and Ceftiofur for stage II. The oral microbiota is changing with evolution of periodontal disease, increas...
Clinical, radiological and bacteriological findings in canine periodontitis
Journal of Small Animal Practice, 1993
The clinical and radiological features and bacterial flora were studied in 16 small dogs with periodontitis. Gingival retraction, bleeding and alveolar bone loss were the most typical findings, whereas deep periodontal pockets were infrequently found. Periodontitis was frequently localised to certain regions of the dentition, most often in premolars or incisors. However, the deepest periodontal pockets were found in canine teeth. The mean pocket depth was 2.0 f 0.4 mm (mean f SD). The mean percentage of the sites with a pocket depth of more than 3 mm was 10.5 per cent. The mean occurrence of gingival bleeding after probing was 22.7 f 12.7 per cent and the mean percentage of furcation lesions in multirooted teeth per dog was 46.0 k 23.5 per cent. Tooth mobility was seen in 26.7 k 13.3 per cent of the teeth. In each case subgingival plaque samples were taken for microbiological examination from two teeth with periodontitis and one healthy tooth. There was a clear difference between the diseased and healthy pockets in the detection frequency of the following Gram-negative anaerobes: pigmented, non-pigmented slime producing and fusiform rods. The counts of Gram-negative pigmented, other non-pigmented
Compendium on Continuing Education for The Practicing Veterinarian, 2006
Incisor malocclusion as an isolated entity is uncommon in rodents but may occur following incisor trauma. Incisor malocclusion usually occurs concomitantly with premolar-molar malocclusion, which is especially common in chinchillas and guinea pigs. All dental patients should receive a comprehensive oral examination. Incisor-premolar-molar malocclusion with periodontal and endodontic disease is a disease complex of unknown origin that may include incisor malocclusion, distortion of the premolar-molar occlusal plane, sharp points or spikes, periodontal disease, periapical changes, apical elongation, oral soft tissue lesions, and maxillofacial abscess formation.The therapeutic options for this disease complex include continual occlusal adjustment of involved teeth, dietary modification, extraction of severely affected teeth, and abscess debridement. Because rodents with dental disease often have concurrent disease processes, a thorough systemic evaluation is usually indicated before in...
Methodological considerations on descriptive studies of induced periodontal diseases in rats
Pesquisa Odontológica Brasileira, 2003
The aim of this study was to show the technique and the methodological approach used in describing histological characteristics of induced periodontal disease in rats. To reach that inflammatory process, periodontal disease was induced by ligature, with or without sucrose-rich diet. Twenty-four female adult (60 days old) Wistar rats were divided in four groups: Group 1, or control (which received standard diet), Group 2 (which received ligature around the upper second molars and a standard diet), Group 3 (which received a sucrose-rich diet), and Group 4 (which received ligature around the upper second molars and a sucrose-rich diet). The animals were followed for a period of 30 days, after which they were sacrificed. The upper second molars were removed, processed, and the histological characteristics were analyzed by a descriptive dichotomous method. The results were analyzed by the Fisher's exact test (significance level of 95%) and by a residual test, which showed the relatio...
Evaluation of a model for induction of periodontal disease in dogs
Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 2014
There are several methods for inducing periodontal disease in animal models, being the bone defect one of the most reported. This study aimed to evaluate this model, through clinical, radiographic, tomographic and histological analyzes, thus providing standardized data for future regenerative works. Twelve dogs were subjected to the induction protocol. In a first surgical procedure, a mucoperiosteal flap was made on the buccal aspect of the right third and fourth premolars and a defect was produced exposing the furcation and mesial and distal roots, with dimensions: 5mm coronoapical, 5mm mesiodistal, and 3mm buccolingual. Periodontal ligament and cementum were curetted and the defect was filled with molding polyester, which was removed after 21 days on new surgical procedure. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed after the two surgeries and before the collection of parts for dental tomography and histological analysis. All animals showed grade II furcation exposure i...
Periodontal disease induced in Wistar rats - experimental study
2015
1Anca Ionel, 1Ondine Lucaciu, 1Minodora Moga, 1Dan Buhatel, 1Aranka Ilea, 2Flaviu Tabaran, 2Cornel Catoi, 3Cristian Berce, 3Septimiu Toader, 1Radu S. Campian 1 Department of Oral Reahabilitation, Oral Health and Dental Office Management, Faculty of Dentistry, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; 2 Department of Anatomic Pathology, Necropsy and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; 3 Centre for Experimental Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” Univeristy of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.